Labview毕业论文毕业论文中英文资料外文翻译文献

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Labview毕业论文 中英文资料外文翻译文献

Virtual Instruments Based on Reconfigurable Logic

The emergence of virtual instrumentation is a revolution in the history of the development of measuring instruments. It fully utilizes the latest computer technology to implement and extend the instrument function. Using the image of a computer screen can be easily simulate a variety of equipment control panels to the needs expressed in the form of the output of test results. Using computer software to achieve most of the signal of the analysis and processing to complete a variety of control and test function. The user through the application of general-purpose computer program modules and features of the hardware together. Through friendly graphical interface to operate this computer. As in operating their own definition of individual instruments of their own design can be measured to complete the acquisition, analysis, determine, control, display, data storage and so on.

Virtual Instruments advantages of more traditional instruments:

(1)A strong integration of computer hardware resources. Breaking the traditional instruments in data processing, display, storage and other limitations, and

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greatly enhanced the capabilities of traditional instruments.

(2)The use of computer software resources to achieve some part of the software of instrument hardware, saving material resources, increase system flexibility. Through software technology and the corresponding numerical algorithm. Directly on the test data for various analysis and processing in time. Through the graphical user interface technology, truly user-friendly, human-computer interaction.

(3)Hardware and software of virtual instrument is an open, modular, reusable and interchangeability characteristics. Therefore, the user can according to their own needs and use different manufacturers products. The development of the instrument system is more flexible, efficient and shorten the formation time of the system

The traditional instruments are application specific systems based on fixed hardware and software resources so their function and applications are defined by the manufacturer. These instruments are complex systems and therefore they become expensive and difficult to manage.

The widespread usage of personal computers in many scientific and technological fields make them an ideal hardware and software platform for the implementation of measurement instruments. By adding a simple data acquisition system, a personal computer can emulate any instrument. The instruments generated in this way are called virtual instruments because they do not have exclusive access to hardware and software resources. Different instruments can be implemented over the same hardware by only reprogramming the software. The virtual instruments offer plenty of advantages the most important of which is the low cost due to the reusability of hardware and software resources. The above characteristics and the continuous evolution and cheapening of the personal computers make the virtual instruments a valuable alternative to traditional ones.

Nevertheless, there are two main factors which limits the application of virtual

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instruments. By one hand, the data capture is reduce to slow rates because of the more common operating systems of the general purpose computers are not oriented to realtime applications. By other hand, the data acquisition system is not an application oriented system but a generic one. Therefore, our proposal is focused on the enhancement of virtual instruments by the replacement of the generic hardware with a reconfigurable data acquisition system, as it is shown in Figure 1. By this way, some data process can be implemented by hardware reducing the data flow to/from the computer and rising the maximum sample rate.

基于虚拟仪器的可重构逻辑

虚拟仪器的出现是测量仪器发展历史上的一场革命。它充分利用最新的计算机技术来实现和扩展仪器的功能，用计算机屏幕可以简单地模拟大多数仪器的调节控制面板，以各种需要的形式表达并且输出检测结果，用计算机软件实现大部分信号的分析和处理,完成大多数控制和检测功能。用户通过应用程序将一般的通用计算机与功能化模块硬件结合起来,通过友好的界面来操作计算机,就像在操作自己定义，自己设计的单个仪器,可完成对被测量的采集，分析，判断，控制，显示，数据存储等。

虚拟仪器较传统仪器的优点

(1)融合计算机强大的硬件资源,突破了传统仪器在数据处理，显示，存储等方面的限制，大大增强了传统仪器的功能。

(2)利用计算机丰富的软件资源，实现了部分仪器硬件的软件化，节省了物质资源，增加了系统灵活性。通过软件技术和相应数值算法，实时，直接地对测试数据进行各种分析与处理，通过图形用户界面技术,真正做到界面友好、人

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机交互。

(3)虚拟仪器的硬件和软件都具有开放性，模块化，可重复使用及互换性等特点。因此，用户可根据自己的需要，选用不同厂家的产品,使仪器系统的开发更为灵活，效率更高，缩短系统组建时间。

传统的仪器是以固定的硬件和软件资源为基础的specific系统， 这使得系统的功能和应用程序由制造商定义。这些仪器都是复杂的系统，因此它们变得昂贵而且难以操作和管理。个人电脑在许多科技领域的广泛应用使其为测量仪器的执行搭建了一个理想的硬件和软件平台，通过增加一个简单的数据采集系统，个人计算机可以仿真任何仪器。因为它们没有独自占有和访问硬件和软件资源，所以以这种方式产生的仪器被称为虚拟仪器。不同的仪器只要对该软件重新编程就可以在同一硬件中实现。虚拟仪器呈现了大量的优势，其中最重要的就是由于硬件和软件资源的重用性降低了成本。上述特点及虚拟仪器的不断发展和个人电脑降价使虚拟仪器成为传统仪器的一个有价值的替代。

然而，也有两个主要因素限制了虚拟仪器的应用。一方面，数据捕获的减少将放缓速度，因为一般用途的电脑普遍常用的操作系统并不面向实时应用。另一方面，数据采集系统不是应用导向系统而是一个通用的系统。因此，我们建议的重点是由通用硬件更换可重构数据采集系统来加强虚拟仪器，它如图1所示。通过这种方式，一些数据的处理过程可以通过减少计算机上硬件数据流和上升的最大采样率来实现。

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LabVIEW

LabVIEW is a highly productive graphical programming language for building data acquisition an instrumentation systems.With LabVIEW, you quickly create user interfaces that give you interactive control of your software system. To specify your system functionality,you simply assemble block diagrams - a natural design notation for scientists and engineers. Tis tight integration with measurement hardware facilitates rapid development of data acquisition ,analysis,and presentation solutions.LabVIEW contains powerful built -in measurement analysis and a graphical compiler for optimum performance. LabVIEW is available for Windows 2000/NT/Me/9x, Mac OS, Linux, Sun Solaris, and HP-UX, and comes in three different development system options.

Faster Development

LabVIEW accelerates development over traditional programming by 4 to 10 times! With the modularity and hierarchical structure of LabVIEW, you can prototype ,design, and modify systems in a short amount of time. You can also reuse LabVIEW code easily and quickly in other applications.

Better Investment

Using a Lab VIEW system, each user has access to a complete instrumentation laboratory at less than the cost of a single commercial instrument. In addition, user configurable LabVIEW systems are flexible enough to adapt to technology changes, resulting in a better bong-term investment.

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Optimal Performance

All LabVIEW applications execute at compiled speed for optimal performance. With the LabVIEW Professional Development System or Application Builder, you can build stand-alone executables or DLLs for secure distribution of your code. You can even create shared libraries or DLLs to call LabVIEW code from other programming languages.

Open Development Environment

With the open development environment of LabVIEW, you can connect to other applications through ActiveX, the Web, DLLs, shared libraries, SQL(for databases), DataSocket, TCP/IP,and numerous other protocols.Use LabVIEW to quickly create networked measurement and automation systems that integrate the latest technologies in Web publishing and remote data sharing. LabVIEW also has driver libraries available for plug-in data acquisition, signal conditioning , GPIB,VXI,PXI, computer-based instruments,serial protocols, image acquisition, and motion control. In addition to the LabVIEW development systems, National Instruments offers a variety of add-on modules and tool sets that extend the functionality of LabVIEW .This enables you to quickly build customizable, robust measurement and automation systems.

LabVIEW Datalogging and Supervisory Control Module

For high channel count and distributed applications, the LabVIEW Datelogging and Supervisory Control Module provides a complete solution. This module delivers I/O management, event logging and alarm management, distributed logging, historical and real-time trending, built-in security, configurable networking features, OPC device connectivity, and over 3,300 built-in graphics.

LabVIEW Real-Time

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For applications that require real-time performance, National Instruments offers LabVIEW Real-Time. LabVIEW Real-Time downloads standard LabVIEW code to a dedicated hardware target running a real-time operating system independent from Windows.

LabVIEW Vision Development Module

The LabVIEW Vision Development Module is for scientists, automation engineers,and technicians who are developing LabVIEW machine vision and scientific imaging applications. The LabVIEW Vision Development Module includes IMAQ Vision, a library of vision functions, and IMAQ Vision Builder, an interactive environment for vision applications. Unlike any other vision products, IMAQ Vision Builder and IMAQ Vision work together to simplify vision software development so that you can apply vision to your measurement and automation applications.

Countless Applications

LabVIEW applications are implemented in many industries worldwide including automotive, telecommunications, aerospace, semiconductor, electronic design and production, process control, biomedical, and many others, Applications cover all phases of product development from research to design to production and to service. By leveraging LabVIEW throughout your organization you can save time and money by sharing information and software.

Test and Measurement

LabVIEW has become an industry-standard development tool for test and measurement applications. With Test Stand, LabVIEW-based test programs, and the industry's largest instrument driver library, you have a single, consistent development and execution environment for your entire system.

Process Control and Factory Automation

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LabVIEW is used in numerous process control and factory automation applications.Many scientists and engineers look to LabVIEW for the high speed, high channel count measurement and control that graphical programming offers.For large, complex industrial automation and control applications, the LabVIEW Data logging and Supervisory Control Module provides the same graphical programming as LabVIEW, but is designed specifically for monitoring large numbers of I/O points, communicating with industrial controllers and networks, and providing PC-based control.

Machine Monitoring and Control

LabVIEW is ideal for machine monitoring and predictive maintenance applications that need deterministic control, vibration analysis, vision and image processing, and motion control. With the LabVIEW platform of products including LabVIEW Real-Time for real-time deterministic control and the LabVIEW Data logging and Supervisory Control Module, scientists and engineers can create powerful machine monitoring and control applications quickly and accurately.

Research and Analysis

The integrated LabVIEW measurement analysis library provides everything you need in an analysis package. Scientists and researchers have used LabVIEW to analyse and compute real results for biomedical, aerospace, and energy research applications, and in numerous other industries. The available signal generation and processing, digital filtering, windowing, curve-fitting, For specialized analysis, such as joint time-frequency analysis, wavelet,and model-based spectral analysis, LabVIEW offers the specially designed Signal Processing Toolset.The Sound and Vibration Toolset offers octave analysis, averaged and nonaveraged frequency analysis, transient analysis, weighted filtering, and sound-level measurement, and more.

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Draw Your Own Solution

With LabVIEW, you build graphical programs called virtual instruments (VIs) instead of writing text-based programs. You quickly create front panel user interfaces that give you the interactive control of your system. To add functionality to the user interface, you intuitively assemble block diagrams- a natural design notation for engineers and scientists.

Create the Front Panel

On the front panel of your VI, you place the controls and data displays for your system by selecting ob jects from the Controls palette, such as numeric displays, meters, gauges, thermometers, LEDs, charts,and graphs.When you complete and run your VI,you use the front panel to control your system whether you move a slide, zoom in on a graph, or enter a value with the keyboard.

Construct the Graphical Block Diagram

To program the VI, you construct the block diagram without worrying about the syntactical details of text-based programming languages. You do this by selecting objects (icons) from the Functions palette and connecting them together with wires to transfer data among block diagram objects. These objects include simple arithmetic functions, advanced acquisition and analysis routines, network and file I/O operations, and more.

Dataflow Programming

LabVIEW uses a patented dataflow programming model that frees you from the linear architecture of text-based programming languages. Because the execution order in LabVIEW is determined by the flow of data between nodes,and not by sequential lines of text,you can create block diagrams that execute multiple operations in parallel. Consequently, LabVIEW is a multitasking system capable of

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running multiple execution threads and multiple VIs in parallel.

Modularity and Hierarchy

LabVIEW VIs are modular in design, so any VI can run by itself or as part of another VI. You can even create icons for your own VIs, so you can design a hierarchy of VIs that serve as application building blocks. You can modify, interchange, and combine them with other VIs to meet your changing application needs.

Graphical Compiler

In many applications, execution speed is critical. LabVIEW is the only graphical programming system with a compiler that generates optimized code with execution speeds comparable to compiled C programs. You can even use the LabVIEW profiler to analyse and optimize time-critical operations. Consequently, you increase your productivity with graphical programming without sacrificing execution speed.

Measurements and Mathematics

LabVIEW includes a variety of other measurement analysis tools. Examples include curve fitting, signal generation, peak detection, and probability and statistics. Measurement analysis functions can determine signal characteristics such as DC/RMS levels, total harmonic distortion (THD),impulse response, frequency response, and cross-power spectrum. LabVIEW users can also deploy numerical tools for solving differential equations, optimization, root finding, and other mathematical problems.In addition, you can extend these built-in capabilities by entering MATLAB or HIQ scripts directly in your LabVIEW programs. For charting and graphing, you can rely on the built-in LabVIEW 2D and 3D visualization tools. 2D tools include features such as autoscaling X and Y ranges, reconfigurable attributes (point/line styles, colors, and more)and cursors, Microsoft Windows users

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创建前面板

您的虚拟仪器的前面板上，控件和数据显示为您的系统通过放置在控件调色等数字显示、米、仪表、温度计、指示灯、图表和图表中选择对象。当您完成运行您的虚拟仪器时您使用前面板来控制您的系统是否移动放大的图形，或输入用键盘的值。

构建该图形的框图

要在虚拟仪器进行编程您需要构建块关系图无需担心的基于文本的编程语言的语法的详细信息。您执行此操作的功能调色板中选择对象（图标），一起用来传输数据块关系图对象间的电线连接它们。这些对象包括先进的采集和分析例程、网络和文件I/O操作和更多的简单算法的函数。

数据流编程

虚拟仪器使用一个专利的数据流编程模型，使您得以从基于文本的编程语言的线性体系结构。因为由节点，之间的数据流和不连续的文本行，确定在虚拟仪器中的执行顺序，您可以创建并行执行多个操作的框图。 因此，能够以并行方式运行多个执行线程和多个可见的多任务系统虚拟仪器。

模块化合层次结构

虚拟仪器可见是模块化设计，本身或作为另一个虚拟仪器的一个分运行任何流。所以您可以设计VIs 和subVIs， 作为应用程序构造块的层次结构，您甚至可以创建您自己的可见，图标。可以修改、交互，并将它们与其他可见，来满足您不断变化的应用需求结合起来。

图形化编译器

在许多的应用程序执行速度至关重要。虚拟仪器是用比作已编译的C程序的执行速度优化的代码生成一个编译器只图形编程系统。甚至可以使用虚拟仪器探查器用于分析和优化时间关键操作。因此，可以提高您的工作效率，图形化编程与执行速度的前提。

测量和数学

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虚拟仪器包括许多种其他测量分析工具。示例包括曲线拟合，信号的生成、峰值检测，与概率统计。测量分析功能可以确定信号特征如RMS/DC级别、总谐波失真（THD)、冲击响应，频率响应特性及互功率谱。虚拟仪器用户还可以部署数值求解微分方程组、优化、查找，根和其他数学问题的工具。此外，您可以通过直接在您的虚拟仪器程序中输入MATLAB或HIQ脚本扩展这些内置的功能。为图表，并图表可以依靠内置虚拟仪器2D和3D可视化工具。2D工具包括功能如自动缩放X和Y范围、可重构属性（点/线条样式、颜色，及更多）和游标。Microsoft Windows 用户可以使用基于OpenGL的3D图形，然后用鼠标动态旋转、放大和移动这些图。

开发系统

虚拟仪器专业发展体系促进发展高端、精密仪器仪表系统的用户开发的可见或程序人员需要遵守严格的质量标准大型团队中工作的开发人员。职业发展制度健全的开发系统，还包括虚拟仪器应用生成器创建分发工具包及建立独立的可执行文件和共享的库（dll）的。此外，开发系统提供源代码控制工具，并提供实用程序的定量测量您的应用程序的复杂性。与图形的差异比较，您可以快速确实两个虚拟仪器应用程序的外观和功能差异。我们包括编程标准和提供一致的虚拟仪器编程方法论为指导的样式指南。该系统包含讨论虚拟仪器用户必须执行的步骤的质量标准文档以满足内部规例或其他严格的质量标准如ISO9000认证或FDA批准。职业发展制度在Windows2000/NT/Me/9x, Mac OS、Sun、HP-UX 和Linux上操作。

虚拟仪器完全开发系统

虚拟仪器系统完全发展装备您提供所有您需要开发仪器系统的工具。它包括GPIB、VISA、VXI、RS-232、数据采集， 并用于数据采集、仪器控制仪器驱动程序库。测量分析库添加DC/RMS测量、单音分析、谐波失真分析、比分析、限制测试、信号生成功能、信号处理、数字滤波、窗口、曲线拟合、统计和无数的线性代数和数学函数。开发系统还提供了功能直接访问dll、ActiveX和其

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他外部代码。系统的其他功能包括Web发布高级报表的生成工具的工具调用MATLAB和HIQ脚本、三维表面、行，轮廓图和自定义图形及动画功能。全系统发展在Windows2000/NT/Me/9x、Mac OS 、Sun、HP-UX和Linux上操作。

虚拟仪器基础产品包

使用虚拟仪器的基地打包，最小的虚拟仪器配置开发数据采集和分析、仪表控制，并基本数据演示文稿。在Windows2000/NT/Me/9x上操作的基础产品包。

虚拟仪器调用许可证

如果部署包括虚拟仪器测试试验台，所用的虚拟应用程序调用许可证可以安装在目标计算机上的虚拟仪器开发系统，以便您可以进行完整的测试调试您的测试代码单步。本许可不被供程序开发。

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、

National Instruments LabVIEW: A Programming Environment for Laboratory Automation and

Measurement .

National Instruments LabVIEW is a graphical programming language that has its roots in automation control and data acquisition. Its graphical representation, similar to a process flow diagram, was created to provide an intuitive programming environment for scientists and engineers. The language has matured over the last 20 years to become a general purpose programming environment. LabVIEW has several key features which make it a good choice in an automation environment. These include simple network communication, turnkey implementation of common communication protocols (RS232, GPIB, etc.), powerful toolsets for process control and data fitting, fast and easy user interface construction, and an efficient code execution environment. We discuss the merits of the language and provide an example application suite written in-house which is used in integrating and controlling automation platforms.

Keywords: NI LabVIEW; graphical programming; system integration; instrument control; component based architecture; robotics; automation; static scheduling; dynamic scheduling; database Introduction

Cytokinetics is a biopharmaceutical company focused on the discovery of small molecule therapeutics that target the cytoskeleton. Since inception we have developed a robust technology infrastructure to support our drug discovery efforts.

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The infrastructure provides capacity to screen millions of compounds per year in tests ranging from multiprotein biochemical assays that mimic biological function to automated image-based cellular assays with phenotypic readouts. The requirements for processing these numbers and diversity of assays have mandated deployment of multiple integrated automation systems. For example, we have several platforms for biochemical screening, systems for live cell processing, automated microscopy systems, and an automated compound storage and retrieval system. Each in-house integrated system is designed around a robotic arm and contains an optimal set of plate-processing peripherals (such as pipetting devices, plate readers, and carousels) depending on its intended range of use. To create the most flexible, high performance, and cost-effective systems, we have taken the approach of building our own systems in-house. This has given us the ability to integrate the most appropriate hardware and software solutions regardless of whether they are purchased from a vendor or engineered de novo, and hence we can rapidly modify systems as assay requirements change.

To maximize platform consistency and modularity, each of our 10 automated platforms is controlled by a common, distributed application suite that we developed using National Instruments (NI) LabVIEW. This application suite described in detail below, enables our end users to create and manage their own process models (assay scripts) in a common modeling environment, to use these process models on any automation system with the required devices, and allows easy and rapid device reconfiguration. The platform is supported by a central Oracle database and can run either statically or dynamically scheduled processes. NI LabVIEW Background

LabVIEW, which stands for Laboratory Virtual Instrumentation Engineering Workbench is a graphical programming language first released in 1986 by National

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