Exercise of Word Formation打印版

Word-formation exercises

I. Affixation

1. Pick out the affixed words from the following sentences and state the meaning of the affix in each case:

1) It’s a novel about a nonhero.

2) Don’t let the meat defrost too quickly.

3) In his long and danger-attended career he had known nothing like this supercrisis which now confronted him.

4) He was neither anti- nor pro-slavery.

5) Robert sat down far off, and began nervously to reconsider his position.

2. Rewrite with words and expressions formed from, or related to, the underlined words in the given version, so as to tell the same story in different words but without changing the meaning. Example: Jane dances beautifully. Answer: Jane is a beautiful dancer.

Ever since I was a child, I have wanted to go on the stages and act, like my elder sister. She’s less pretty than I am, and I hoped that with luck, I, too, would have the chance to perform three or four times a week at our little local theatre. “You’re able to do it,” she told me, “but you may not have the patience. It takes a lot of hard work to succeed.” Then she would describe in detail how confused and embarrassed she’d been when the man who was directing the play told her that she spoke and moved too slowly in one scene. She was supposed to run across the stage that, after hesitating for a moment, say “welcome!” to an old woman who was entering from the other side, “but be careful not to slip,” he said. There was no doubt that the stage was very slippery, but she would probably have reached the other side safely if she had not fallen over her long skirt, which was fashionable that year, and tumbled right off the stage. The audience was astonished.

II. Compounding

1. Express the following term in one compound word: 1) someone who writes songs 2) a mine for gold 3) to bathe in the sun 4) as cheap as dirt 5) tanned by the sun

2. The compounds in each of the following pairs are similar in structure; please indicate the different relations of the elements of the two compounds in each pair by syntactic paraphrases: Example: duty-free: free from duty 1) raindrop flowerbed

2) a well-meant remark a well-behaved person 3) war-ruined houses country-bred boys 4) silkworm gaslight

5) language teacher baby-sitter

3. Translate the following into English adjective compounds of the “noun+adjective” type: 1) 深可没膝的 2) 栩栩如生的 3）全国性的 4）齐肩高的 5）漆黑的 6）无忧无虑的 7）隔音的 8）终身的

III. Conversion

1. Change the construction of the following sentences by converting the verbs into nouns

according to the model:

Example: Will you please label your luggage?

Will you please put a label on your luggage?

1) He nailed a lid on a box.

2) They surprised us with a visit.

3) Mrs. Smith coaches students for English examination. 4) I am completely disgusted with the food at the restaurant. 5) He was crippled in an accident.

2. Pick out the converted words and state (1) the word-class of the converted words and their meanings; (2) to what word-class the base of each of the converted words belongs: 1) They are going to summer in Gulin.

2) You have to round your lips in order to make the sound /u:/. 3) They are great sillies.

4) She dusted the furniture every morning.

5) It is good buy.

IV. Clipping

1. Give clippings for the following:

1) sergeant 2) gasoline 3) handkerchief 4) comfortable 5) influenza

2. Use one of the above clippings in writing the responses for the following questions: 1) child to mother: “ Why are you giving me these pillows?” 2) mother to child: “Do you wipe your nose on your sleeve?” 3) Mary to her brother: “Why doesn’t the car work?”

4) Tom to hid classmate: “Why were you absent yesterday?” 5) sergeant to private: “Get these windows cleaned, solider.”

V. Initialisms and Acronyms

Tell meanings of the following initialisms and acronyms, then use some of them in the sentences: 1) ID 2) VIP 3) TEFL 4) TOFEL 5) IELTS 6)GRE

7) My sister passed ___________ successfully before going abroad for advanced study.

8) A well-designed _________ curriculum is indispensable to the section of Service English. 9) A real ____________ doesn’t need a/an _________ card.

VI. Blending

1. Explain the formation and the meaning of these blends:

1) sci-fi 2)smog 3)workaholic 4)slimnastics 5)stagflation 2. Fill the blanks with words that have been blended:

Example: travelog: a diary or log about one’s travel or trip.

1) brunch: a meal which serves as both _______ and _________. 2) lunarnaut: an _________ who explore the _________.

3) beautility: the combined qualities of ________ and ________. 4) comsat: a ________ service involving artificial ___________.

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