初中英语语法 - 感叹句，讲解，练习和答案

感叹句

感叹句的六种句式

一般说来，感叹句是由 what 或 how 开头的，它有两个类型，六种句式。

1.用 what 引导的感叹句有三种句式，此时，what 为形容词，用作定语，修饰它后面的名词或名词词组（即感叹部分是名词性短语）。

1）. What +a / an + 形容词＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！ e.g.: What a fine day it is！ 多么好的天气啊！（辅音音素前用a）

What an old building that is！那是一栋多么破旧的楼房啊（元音音素前用an） 2）. What + 形容词＋可数名词复数形式＋主语＋谓语！ e.g.: What good teachers they are！ 他们是多么好的老师啊！

What beautiful flowers these are！ 这些是多么美丽的花啊！ 3). What + 形容词＋不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！

e.g.: What thick ice we are having here！ 我们这儿的冰多厚啊！

What round bread it is！ 这是一块多么圆的面包啊！

2.用 how 开头的感叹句也有三种句式，此时， how 是副词，用作状语，修饰后面的形容词、副词或动词。

4). How ＋形容词＋主语＋谓语！ （即谓语动词是连系动词）

e.g.: How hot it is today！ 今天天气多热啊！ How beautiful the flowers are！ 这些花多么美丽啊！ 5). How ＋副词＋主语＋谓语！

e.g.: How hard he works！ 他工作多么努力啊！ How well she sings！ 她歌唱得多好啊！ 6). How + 主语＋谓语！（即谓语动词是行为动词） e.g.: How she dances！ 她跳舞跳得多好啊！

★注意： what 和 how 引起的感叹句，在口语中常可以省略主语、谓语或其它句子成分。 e.g.: How cold （ it is ） ！ What a good girl！ What delicious fish！

（三）陈述句变感叹句全解

如何确定使用what还是使用how？

一般可以这样来确定：位于主语之前的是名词短语时用what，是形容词或副词短语时用how。但这种格式例外: how + adj. + a/ an + N

e.g.: What a cool bike you are riding!（a cool bike 名词短语）

How fast he is riding!（fast 副词）

How cool a bike you are riding!（how + adj. + a/ an +N）

如何判断是否使用冠词、使用什么样的冠词？

名词的复数形式和不可数名词之前不使用冠词，以元音音素开头的词语之前用an，以辅音音素开头的词语之前用a。

e.g.: What beautiful sunshine it is today!（sunshine 不可数名词）

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What a useful book this is!（useful 以辅音音素开头） What an old house that is!（old 以元音音素开头） 口诀

名词之前用what，形副之前how先行。 复数名词无冠词，事先分析莫轻心。 如果名词不可数，摒弃a, an不留情。 冠词a, an要分明，清音辅音是标准。

练习 一、选择题

1. _______ girl she is!

A. What bright a B. How a bright C. How bright a D. What bright 2. _______ weather we have today!

A. A fine B. What a fine C. How a fine D. What fine 3. ________ careless he is! A. What B. How 4. ________ from Beijing to London!

A. How long way it is B. What a long way is it C. How long way is it D. What a long way it is 5. Oh, John, _________ you gave us!

A. How a pleasant surprise B. How pleasant surprise C. What a pleasant surprise D. What pleasant surprise 6. ___________ useful work they have done!

A. What B. How C. What a D. What an 7. __________ nice picture you gave me!

A. How B. What C. What a D. What an 8. exciting news! We will have long holiday after the exam. A. What an, a

B. what, a

C. How an, the D. How; the

C. So much D. How much

9. – An earthquake hit Indonesia yesterday. -- terrible news! A. How a

B. What a

C. How

D. What

10. –Dad, do you like my picture? -- ! It’s the nicest one I’ve ever seen! A. What a strong boy B. How careful

C. How wonderful D. What a brave boy

11. —Jacky, look at that Japanese sumoist (相扑手). —Wow, ! A. How a fat man B. What a fat man C. How fat man D. What fat man 12. What it is! A. nice day

B. nice weather C. a nice weather

13. Mrs Smith is!

A. How kind woman B. What a kind woman C. What kind woman D. How a kind woman

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二. 把下列句子改为感叹句：用what与 how填空

1. His handwriting is good. → _____________ good his handwriting is! 2. These photos are nice. →______________ nice these photos are! 3. Betty sings well. → ____ ____ well Betty sings! 4. They are working hard. →__________hard they are working!

5. Jenny was very disappointed when she saw this.

→______________disappointed Jenny was when she saw this. 6. It is a wonderful concert →____________a wonderful concert it is! 7. They looked worried. → __________ worried they looked!

8. The young man speaks English well. →____________well the young man speaks English! 9. They are beautiful flowers. →_____________ beautiful flowers they are! 10. It is a difficult problem. →____________a difficult problem it is !

三、 把下列的句子改为感叹句。

⒈ A: Jill is drawing a beautiful picture. B: ______________________________________________ ⒉ A: Mr. Wang is a busy man. B: ______________________________________________ ⒊ A: The cat is very happy. B: ______________________________________________

⒋ A: The tractor is going very slowly. B: _______________________________________________ ⒌ A: He is very lucky. B: _______________________________________________ ⒍ A: It is a wet day today. B: _______________________________________________ ⒎ A: They started early. B: _______________________________________________ ⒏ A: They waited a long time. B: _______________________________________________ ⒐ A: He is wearing a large shirt. B: ______________________________________________ ⒑ A: The dolphin is playing happily. B: ______________________________________________

答案 一1—5：CDBDC 6—10：ACBDC 11—15：BBB

二1. How. 2. How. 3. How 4. How 5. How 6. What 7. How 8. How 9. What 10. What

三、把下列句子改为感叹句：

⒈ What a beautiful picture Jill is drawing!/ How beautiful a picture Jill is drawing! ⒉ What a busy man Mr Wang is!/ How busy a man Mr Wang is !

⒊ How happy the cat is!/ What a happy cat it is! ⒋ How slowly the tractor is going!

⒌ How lucky he is! ⒍ What a wet day it is today!/ How wet a day it is today! ⒎ How early they started! ⒏ What a long time they waited

⒐ What a large shirt he is wearing!/ How large a shirt he is wearing! ⒑ How happily the dolphin is playing!

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