视听说电子文稿

Unit 1 Nine to five

Inside view Conversation 1

Janet What a wonderful view！This is such a great city. Do you ever get tired of living in London, Andy?

Andy \that life can afford.\

Janet This is a quotation by Samuel Johnson, isn't it?

Andy Correct! So do you have any plans when you finish at Oxford? Janet I've got another year to go, and then I suppose I'll go back home. Andy And will you find a job?

Janet I think I'll have to do my Masters before I look for work. But I must admit London is very special. Do you think you would ever leave London?

Andy Sure!I'd love to come to China one day, and I like traveling. But I think I'll always come back here.

Janet Well, your roots are here, and there are so many opportunities. Andy But have you ever thought of living in London for a year or two?

Janet Yes,but what could I do here? I had planned to become a teacher. But I've often thought if there was a job I could do here in publishing, maybe as an editor, I'd go for it.

Andy That sounds like a good idea. I think that would really suit you.

Janet Maybe I should update my CV and send it to one or two publishers. Andy Don't make it look too good! Janet Why not?

Andy Well,if you enjoy working with London Time Off, we don't want you working with anyone else!

Janet Oh, working with you and Joe, it's great fun, and really interesting. I couldn't think of a better way to find out about a city.

Andy So, maybe you should think about applying for a job with us.

Janet But do you think I'd stand a chance? I mean, I'm not sure if Joe likes me. Andy Don't even think about it! Joe is very straight talking, and I promise you that you'd know if he didn't like you!

Janet Perhaps we should both update our CVs and look for jobs together. Andy Hey,right! That would be fun.

珍妮特多么美妙的景色！这是一个伟大的城市。你曾经住在伦敦，刘德华累吗？刘德华“当一个人厌倦了伦敦，他是累的生活;有能够负担得起在伦敦的生活。”这是珍妮特·塞缪尔·约翰逊的报价，是不是？安迪更正！所以你有任何计划，当你在牛津大学完成的呢？珍妮特·我有一年去，然后我想我会回家。安迪和你会找到一份工作吗？珍妮特·我想我必须找工作之前，我做我的主人。但我必须承认，伦敦是很特别的。你认为你会永远离开伦敦吗？安迪当然，我很愿意到中国来的一天，我喜欢旅游。但我想我会经常回来这里。珍妮特好了，你

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的根在这里，有这么多的机会。安迪，但你有没有想过在伦敦的生活，为一年或两年？珍妮特是，但我能在这里做什么？我曾打算成为一名教师。但我常想，如果有一个工作在这里我可以做出版，也许作为一个编辑，我会去的。安迪这听起来像一个好主意。我认为，真正适合你的。珍妮特也许我应该更新我的简历，发送到一个或两个出版商。安迪不要使它看起来太好了！珍妮特·为什么不呢？安迪好了，如果你喜欢伦敦时间工作，我们不希望你与其他人的工作！珍妮特噢，你和乔的工作，这是非常有趣，真有趣。我想不出更好的方式来了解一个城市。安迪因此，也许你应该想想与我们的工作申请。珍妮特，但你觉得我有机会吗？我的意思是，我不知道如果乔喜欢我。安迪甚至不要去想它！乔很直说，我答应你，你就会知道，如果他不喜欢你！珍妮特或许我们都应该更新我们的简历，并一起找工作。安迪嘿，没错！这将是有趣。

Conversation 2

Janet Talking about future plans, how do you see your career developing?

Andy My career? Will,I like working for London Time Off. It's part of a larger media company called Lift Of USA, so there are lot's of opportunities. But? Janet But what?

Andy It's not always very easy working with Joe. I mean, I think of he has a different agenda.I like his work, but sometimes I don't think his heart's in his job. Janet How did he end up in London?

Andy He did media studies in the States, and then found a work as an gofer at Lift Off in New York.

Janet What's an gofer?

Andy Go for this, go for that. It's a word for the least experienced person in the film and TV industry. Then he came to London and get a proper job as an researcher at Lift Off UK, and then after a few years he got the producer's job on London Time Off. Janet He's good at his job, isn't he?

Andy Yes. He's confident and very competent at what he does, so the people who work with him rate him quite highly. Janet Except you?

Andy No,I rate him too. And I get on with him quite well, although we're not best buddies or anything like that. It's just that?I what his job!

Janet Now we know your little secret. I promise I won't tell anyone!

Andy It's OK,I suspect he knows it too. But if I can't be a producer on London Time Off, then I guess I'll find something elsewhere. Janet, there was something I was going to ask you.

Janet Sure, what is it?

Andy I was wondering?oh, it's nothing. Anyway, all this talk about your future career is making me thirsty. Let‘s do for a drink. Janet Whose round? Andy Yours!

珍妮特·关于未来的计划时，你怎么看你的事业发展？

安迪我的职业生涯？ ，我喜欢伦敦时间关闭工作。这是一个更大的媒体称为美国的电梯公司的一部分，因此有很多机会。但是......

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珍妮特，但什么？

安迪这并不总是很容易的工作与乔。我的意思是，我认为他有一个像他的作品不同agenda.I，但有时我不认为他的心脏在他的工作。 珍妮特他是如何结束在伦敦吗？

安迪，他在美国的媒体研究，然后发现在纽约提起gofer工作。 珍妮特是什么一个gofer？

安迪去，去试试。这是一个至少在电影和电视行业有经验的人的话。然后，他来到伦敦，并得到合适的工作，作为电梯关闭英国的研究员，然后几年后，他在伦敦时间关闭了生产者的工作。

珍妮特他是在他的工作，是不是？

安迪是。他的自信，很能干，在他做什么，所以与他共事的人相当高度评价他。 除非你的珍妮特？

安迪没有，我也评价他。 ，我对他非常好，虽然我们不是最好的哥们或类似的东西。它只是......我说什么他的工作！

珍妮特现在我们知道你的小秘密。我发誓我不会告诉任何人！

安迪这是确定的，我怀疑他知道了。但如果我不能在伦敦休假的生产者，那么我想我会在其他地方找到。珍妮特，有一件事我要问你。 珍妮特当然，它是什么？

安迪我不知道......哦，这是没有的。无论如何，这一切对你将来的职业生涯的谈话使我渴了。让我们做的饮料。 珍妮特·谁圆？ 安迪你的！

Outside view Part 1

Samantha Graduation. What a day! Your life is about to begin! And then your

parents say…

Mother Get a job.

Samantha I tell you! Looking for your first job out of college can be pretty hard.

Reading all the job listings is so annoying. Even trying to figure out what the actual job is can be difficult. Searching through the want ads can be so boring. And writing your resume is really hard work.

Samantha I don‘t have that day open.

Samantha Getting a job interview, and than going on it– the whole process is

pretty tough .

Interviewer Sorry to keep you waiting. Uh, have a seat. I have your resume here,

and you‘re interested in the assistant‘s position.

Samantha Yeah. Yeah, I am.

Interviewer Well, the right candidate for this job has to be very outgoing and

sociable. After all, it is a sales position.

Samantha Well, I‘m a real extrovert. Definitely.

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Interviewer And the right candidate has to have great self-confidence. Customers

need to fell that you know what you‘re talking about.

Samantha Well, I‘m really self-confident. Um, I know what I‘m talking about

and I think I can project that.

Interviewer So, what skills would you bring to this job?

Samantha Well, I realize that I‘m completely overqualified for the position. I

mean, um, in my last job, I was running the whole place.

Interviewer Oh, so you‘ve supervised people?

Samantha Yep. Five of them. So, obviously I could do this job, no problem. I

also have really good computer skills. Um, what else do you want to know about me?

Interviewer Uh …

Samantha Even though I was trying really hard, even though I had sent out

about 300 resumes, even though I asked all my friends and relatives if they knew of anything, I wasn‘t getting anywhere! Despite all my best efforts, I was still unemployed.

Part 2

Mother Please, why don‘t you see a career counselor? I‘ll pay for it. Anything

to help you get a job!

Phyllis Samantha, I‘m Phyllis Stein. Welcome. Samantha Oh, hi, Phyllis. Nice to meet you.

Samantha So. I figure, heck, why not? I met with Phyllis Stein, a professional

job coach.

Phyllis Interviewing is vital to getting the job that you want.

Samantha She showed me how to prepare for an interview by doing research on

the position and the company. And later, she coached me on my interviewing skills.

Phyllis I am going to pretend to be your interviewer, and then we‘ll stop it

and replay it and look at the video and see what we could learn from that. OK?

Phyllis I don‘t think that you should go into an interview having not

practiced with some of the questions that are pretty standard.

Phyllis Tell me about yourself.

Samantha Well, my parents – my mom is a social worker, and my dad is an

engineer.

Phyllis Your preparation is really important.

Phyllis What do you know about our organization?

Samantha Well, I saw on, um, the Internet that you do business publishing?

Right?

Phyllis There‘s a whole range of things that have to do with how you present

yourself.

Phyllis Why should I hire you?

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Samantha Oh, well, um, I‘m a really outgoing person, and I like, I like people a

lot. I‘m responsible and nice.

Phyllis You need to think about what the interviewer is actually looking for. Phyllis Samantha, what was a major problem that you‘ve encountered and

how did you solve it.

Samantha I haven‘t really had any problems to deal with.

Phyllis Thank you. Now, let‘s look at your mock interview on videotape.

Phyllis I think it boils down to preparation, presentation, and understanding

what the interviewer is looking for.

Phyllis Tell me about yourself.

Samantha Um, well, my name is Samantha Green and, um, I grew up in

Cambridge and, um, I went to Boston College.

Phyllis Another way of answering it is not telling about yourself, but telling

about yourself in relationship to the job. So, they don‘t care so much about your parents and that your want to live in Cambridge. They may need you to be able to be a troubleshooter. You use some examples in your life from being a troubleshooter.

Samantha I haven‘t really had any problems to deal wit.

Phyllis One of things that someone who is an assistant in a trade show is doing,

is dealing with problems.

Phyllis You need to be sure that you stay, sourt of, on target with

presenting…presenting yourself in the strongest possible way.

Part3

Samantha This time I felt a lot more confident when I went in for interview.

Samantha I have developed strong communication skills. In college I worked on

the school paper, and I‘ve brought some writing samples to show you. I also worked every summer at a bed-and-breakfast. I worked a lot with our guests. I booked reservations over the phone, got them what they need, and handled any complaints.

Samantha Well, I feel like I didn‘t really well, We‘ll see.

Speaker 1 Making a good first impression is the most important part of a job

interview.

Speaker 2 Arriving on the important parts of a job interview.

Speaker 3 It‘s very important that you are being confident and you‘re being clear

in your answers and listening carefully.

Speaker 4 Not fidgeting and being confident are the most important things in a

job interview.

Speaker 5 Writing a thank-you note is the most important thing you want to do

after a job interview.

Speaker 6 And go in there with a firm handshake.

Listening in

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Passage 1

―It‘s not enough to ask what successful people are like…It is only by asking where they are from that we can unravel the logic behind who succeeds and who doesn‘t.‖

This is the basic idea of an intriguing book called Outliers, by the American journalist Malcolm Gladwell. The book explores the factors which contribute to people who are extremely successful in their careers, for example, the role that family, culture, and friendship play.

Gladwell examines the causes of why the majority of Canadian ice hockey players are born in the first few months of the calendar year, what the founder of Microsoft Bill Gates did to achieve his extraordinary success, and why the Beatles managed to redefine the whole of popular music in the 1960s.

Gladwell points out that the youth hockey league in Canada recruits from January the first, so that players born early in the year are

bigger, stronger and better athletes than others born later in the year. And because they have this advantage at the start of their sports career, they‘re given extra coaching, and so there‘s a greater chance that they‘ll be picked for an elite hockey team in the future.

He calls this phenomenon accumulative advantage, a bit like the idea that the rich get richer and poor get pooer. Success depends on the process by which talented athletes are identified as much as it does on their own abilities.

Another aspect which contributes to success is the 10,000 hour rule. Great success demands an enormous amount of time for practice and Training. For example, the Beatles performed live in Hamvurg Germany

more than 1,200 times over four years, much more than the 10,000 hours Gladwell

claims is necessary for great success. So by the time they returned to England, they had developed their talent and sounded completely different from any other group. In the same way , Bill Gates had thousands of hours’ worth of programming because he had access to a computer at his high school. He also became a teenager just at the right time to take advantage of the latest developments in computer technology.

All through the book, Gladwell repeats his claim that it’s not just talent or genius which determines someone’s success, but opportunity, advantage and even simple good luck.

Outliers has met with extraordinary success, matched only by Gladwell’s own career over 25 years in journalism. As a result, many critics have seen it as an autobiography, in which the writer appears to be apologizing for his own personal achievements. But the idea that you have to be born at the right moment, in the

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right place and in the right family, and then you have to work really hard is a thought-provoking way of revisiting our traditional view of genius and great

achievement. It’s certainly worth reading, as long as you don’t take it too seriously. “这是不够的，问有什么成功的人都像......这是只有通过问他们在哪里，我们可以解开背后谁的逻辑成功，谁没有。“这是一个有趣的书称为离群的基本思路，由美国记者马尔科姆·格拉德威尔。这本书探讨的因素而贡献的人在其职业生涯非常成功，例如，家庭，文化和友谊发挥的作用。 格拉德威尔检查的原因，为什么大多数加拿大冰曲棍球球员都出生在日历年的头几个月，微软创始人比尔·盖茨没有实现他的非凡成功，为什么披头士重新定义了整个流行在20世纪60年代的音乐。 格拉德威尔指出，在加拿大新兵青年冰球联赛从一月的第一，所以在年初出生的球员更大，更强，更好的运动员比在今年晚些时候出生的人。和因为他们有这个优势，在其运动生涯的开始，他们给予额外的教练，所以这是一个更大的机会，他们将被拾起曲棍球队在未来的精英。 他称这种现象的累积优势，有点喜欢这个主意，富者愈富，穷人得到pooer。成功取决于过程有天赋的运动员被认定为多，因为它自己能力。 这有助于成功的另一个方面是10000小时规则。巨大的成功需要大量的时间和实践培训。例如，披头士现场演出Hamvurg德国四年超过1200倍以上，远远高于10,000小时格拉德威尔声称取得巨大成功是必要的。这样的时候，他们回到英格兰，他们制定了自己的才华，并从任何其他组听起来完全不同。 比尔·盖茨以同样的方式，价值数千小时的节目，因为他在他的高中一台计算机的访问。他也成为小将只是在合适的时间采取利用计算机技术的最新发展。 所有通过这本书，格拉德威尔重复他的说法，它不只是人才或天才，决定一个人的成功，但机会，优势甚至是简单的运气好。 离群会见了非凡的成功，只有在新闻超过25年，格拉德威尔自己的职业生涯匹配。因此，许多评论家看作是一本自传，作家似乎要为自己的个人成就道歉。但是，你有出生在合适的时机，在正确的地方和正确的家庭，然后你必须非常努力的想法是一个发人深省的方式，重新审视我们的天才和伟大成就的传统观点。这当然值得一读的，只要你不要太认真。

Passage2

Presenter : Hi we’re talking about typical working hours in the US and in Brazil. Eric…um… you’re from the States, tell me what are the typical working hours in the States?

Eric : Er…traditionally people go to work at 9 o’clock in the morning and they finish at about 5,so sort of a 9 to 5.

Presenter : And, and Penny I…I know you’re English but you work in Brazil, what are the hours in Brazil?

Penny : Um varies slightly, sometimes you can start um on an earlier shift, say, 8 o’clock in the morning to 5 um or 9 until 6. But in Brazil often people will work longer hours than this.

Presenter : Right, right, OK. And what kind of clothes do you wear? I mean do you, do you dress up formally or in a relaxed way?

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Eric : It used to be that you would wear a jacket and a tie to work for…for men but er nowadays an open shirt is OK. You don’t necessarily have to wear a tie and sometimes on a Friday you can wear a pair of jeans to work. Presenter : Oh right, the dress down Friday? Eric : The dress down Friday ,that’s right. Presenter : Does that still happen? Eric : Yes, yes sure it does. Presenter : And how about in Brazil?

Penny : Um it’s fairly casual, quite informal, um I mean you need to look neat and tidy obviously, but you, you have your own choice really on what you would wear, there are no rules and regulations. It’s important to look smart but be comfortable. Presenter : Right, yeah and do you have meal breaks or is that… you just fit in meals when you can or…?

Eric : Lunch, lunch is usually an hour, sometimes a little shorter if you have to do a lot of work from your desk. Presenter : Yeah. How about Brazil? Penny : That’s the same, about an hour.

Presenter : And, and with overtime, I mean, if you… I mean you’re obviously

contracted to do a certain number of hours. What happens if you do more than the hours that you… that’s in your… that are in your contract?

Eric : I have to make a fairly strict record of my hours so if I go beyond 5 o’clock on most days I put in for overtime. Presenter : Right.

Eric : And it’s… the first hours is one hour of overtime and then there’s I think 15 minute periods after that. So I could work an hour and a quarter. Presenter : And you’d be paid for the quarter hours? Eric : That’s right, by the quarter hour. Presenter : How about in Brazil?

Penny : It’s, it’s a lot looser in Brazil actually. We, we often end up doing overtime but unfortunately not paid.

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Presenter : Fine. That’s hard luck. And what about holidays, what about in the States? You don’t have much holidays in the States, do you?

Eric No, when you, when you start at a company you get two weeks

holiday or two weeks vacation as we say…

Presenter Yeah

Eric Um then it‘s usually not until you‘ve been at the company for about

Presenter Penny Presenter Penny Presenter Penny Presenter Penny Presebter Eric Presenter Eric Presenter Penny Presenter Eric Presenter Penny Presenter Eric Presenter Eric

five years that they give you another week. So you get three weeks after you‘ve been there for five years.

And, and, and what about in Brazil? Um it‘s quite good actually—30days. Sounds very generous.

Yeah I can,I can pop back to…

Is that 30 working days or 30 days in total? That‘s 30 working days. Wow that‘s….

Yes yeah it‘s a good deal.

What about retirement？I know it‘s a long way off?When do you

retire?

Generally speaking it‘s at 65. And,and the same for women?

Um,I think a little sooner than that for women. Women I think 62 or

63.

Right, good. And, and in Brazil is it similar?

Similar to the states. It‘s um after 60 for women,65 for men,or um

if you‘ve clocked up about 30 or 35 years of service then you can retire after that.

Right.And when…do you have a pay day? When is pay day?

Um well we get paid, er, twice a month, so we get paid at the

beginning of the month and then we get paid in the middle of the month at the 15th give or take.

Yeah, and what about Brazil、

I think it all depends which company you‘re working for .For the

one I am working for right now I get paid twice a month but when I began ,with a different company that was once a month so,it varies.

And are there any company benefits that you have in the states?

Do you have a company car or a pension？

Yean we get a company car.We‘re able to…we lease a car in effect

but it‘s a company car that we get for 18 months to two years and then we ,er…we can move on to another model from that. There is a fairly good pension scheme, that‘s still working, and hospitalization as well.

Oh that‘s important.

Yeah,a health plan through work is very important.

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Presenter Right.And what about in Brazil?

Penny Yean excellent benefits like that. Well I mean it does depend on

the company and the status of you ,of your job but um you might get a car ,un living accommodation ,um school for the children ,um they‘ll pay for your lunch ,travel passes ,um gasoline ,health insurance ,all sorts of benefits actually it‘s very good.

Presenter Sounds very good, with the holiday and all those benefits it

sounds a great place to work..

主讲人：嗨，我们约在美国和巴西在典型的工作时间。埃里克......嗯......你是从美国，告诉我在美国的典型工作时间是什么？ 艾瑞克：呃......传统的人去上班，上午9点钟，他们5时左右结束，所以有点9 5。 主讲人：，竹篙我......我知道你的英语，但你在巴西，在巴西的时间是什么？ 竹篙：嗯略有不同，有时你可以开始UM较早的转变，说，在早上5微米或9 8点钟，直到6。但在巴西人们往往会比这更长的时间。

主讲人：右，右，确定。和你穿什么样的衣服？我的意思是你，你打扮正式或在一个轻松的方式呢？

埃里克：它曾经是，你会为男人穿一件夹克和领带，工作......，但ER当今开放的衬衫是确定的。你不必打领带，有时上周五你可以穿牛仔裤上班。 主讲人：哦，右，下周五礼服？

埃里克：下周五的礼服，这是正确的。 主讲人：这是否依然发生？ 埃里克：是的，是确保它。 主讲人：如何在巴西？

竹篙：嗯，这是相当随意，相当非正式，嗯，我的意思是你需要寻找整洁明显，但你，你真的有自己的选择，你会穿什么，有没有规则和规例。这一点很重要，看起来聪明，但很舒服。

主讲人：权，耶和做你有用膳时间，或者是......你只适合在正餐时可以...？ 埃里克：午餐，午餐通常是一个小时，有时短一点，如果你有做了很多工作，从你的办公桌。

主讲人：是啊。巴西怎么样？

竹篙：约一个小时，这是相同的。

主讲人：和与加班，我的意思是，如果你......我的意思是你明显收缩，做了若干小时。会发生什么，如果你做多小时，你......在你......在你的合同？ 埃里克：我要了我的时间相当严格的记录，所以如果我超出5点钟去大部分时间，我在加班把。 主讲人：权。 埃里克：它的第一个小时是一小时的加班，然后还有我认为经过15分钟的时间。这样我就可以工作一个小时，一个季度。 主讲人：你会支付该季度小时？ 埃里克：这是正确的，由刻钟。 主持人：如何在巴西？

彭妮：它，它在巴西的宽松其实很多。我们，我们往往最终加班，但不幸的是没有支付。

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主讲人：好的。那是很难的运气。什么假期，在美国大约是什么？你没有在美国的许多假期，你呢？

埃里克没有，当你，当你在一家公司开始你两个星期的假期或两个星期的假期，我们说...... 主讲人呀

埃里克嗯，那么它通常不会，直到你在该公司一直为五年左右，他们给你一个星期。所以，你得到三个星期后，你已经五年。 主持人和，并在巴西约？

竹篙嗯，它是相当实际30天。 主讲人听起来非常慷慨。

竹篙呀，我可以，我可以弹出回...

Presenter是30个工作日内或在总共30天呢？ 的竹篙这是30个工作日。 主持人哇这....

竹篙是啊，这是一个很好的协议。

presebter退休？我知道这是一个很长的路要走呢？你什么时候退休？ 埃里克一般来说它在65。 主持人和和妇女一样吗？

埃里克·嗯，我觉得有点早于妇女。妇女，我认为62或63。 主持人权，不错。和，是在巴西的类似吗？

美国竹篙类似。它的UM妇女60后，65为男性，或UM如果你主频高达约30或35年，那么你就可以退休后。

主持人Right.And时......你有一个发薪日？当付天？

埃里克庵以及我们得到报酬，呃，每月两次，所以我们在本月初得到支付，然后我们在15月中支付给或采取。 主讲人呀，什么巴西，

一分钱，我觉得这一切都取决于你的工作为哪家公司，现在我每月支付两倍，但是当我开始用不同的公司，这是一次一个月所以，对于我，它不同。

演示以及是否有任何公司的好处，你在美国有吗？你有一家公司的汽车或退休金？

埃里克沅得到公司car.We'再能......我们租用一辆汽车中的作用，但它是一个汽车公司，我们为18个月至两年，然后我们，呃......我们可以从该移动到另一个模型。有一个相当不错的退休金计划，还是工作，以及住院。 主持人哦，这很重要。

埃里克是啊，通过工作的健康计划是非常重要的。 主持人Right.And什么有关在巴西？

竹篙沅这样优秀的好处。好，我的意思是它依赖于公司和你的地位，你的工作，但你可能会得到一辆汽车的UM，联合国居所，这个孩子的学校，嗯，他们将支付你的午餐，旅游通行证，这个汽油各种利益，健康保险，实际上它是非常好的。 主讲人听起来非常好，假期和所有这些好处听起来一个伟大的地方工作......

Unit 2 A good read

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Inside view Conversation 1

Joe Ok,when you‘ve finished chatting ,let‘s get down to work. Andy Ok,sure.

Jenet Fine by me .What‘s on the agenda?

Joe First up today is Read all about it!Now .I assum everyone has read all

the books

for the feature ？Has anyone read any of books?

Andy Well, Joe, there are over 20 new books, coming out next month,so… Joe I‘m sorry, I really think that‘s quite unacceptable. It‘s your job! What

about you, Janet?

Janet I‘m sorry but this is the first time I‘ve worked on Read all aboput

it, and I didn‘t know I was meant to read all the books.

Andy Have you read them？

Joe No, but that‘s why you‘re my assistant. You‘re meant to assist me. Andy It‘s true that we need to read the books, Joe, but we haven‘t… Joe Ok, here you go. You‘re always making excuse!

Andy And what‘s more, we haven‘t even chosen the book yet. Joe OK, let‘s get on with it. What‘s on the list?

Janet I suppose we‘re looking for books with a London angle? Andy Not necessarily

Janet Is it OK to look for non-fiction too? Joe Absolutely.

Janet OK, here‘s an idea. There‘s a new biography of Charles Dickens which I‘m

reading

Andy Sounds good-his books are always on TV.

Janet You see I‘m studying Dickens at university, and I noticed it in the bookshop

last week.

It‘s really interesting. Joe OK, tell us more.

Janet Well, it‘s a description of the London locations where he set many of his

books, like Oliver Twist and David Copperfield.

Andy Sounds right up your street!

Joe Well done, Janet. Maybe you can show Andy how to plan the feature. OK,

that‘s it everyone. Let‘s get to it! 乔好了，当你完成聊天，让我们踏踏实实地工作。安迪好了，肯定。jenet罚款我。议程是什么？乔今天就首先是阅读所有关于它！现在我assum大家已经读过所有的书功能？有没有人读任何书吗？安迪好吧，乔，有超过20个新的书籍，下月，所以......乔我很抱歉，我真的认为这是完全不能接受的。这是你的工作！你怎么样，珍妮特？珍妮特·对不起，这是我第一次就阅读所有aboput吧工作，我不知道我的意思是读所有的书。安迪有你读吗？乔没有，但是这就是为什么你是我的助手。你的意思，以协助我。安迪这是真的，我们需要阅

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读的书籍，乔，但我们没有...乔好了，在这里你去。你总是借口！安迪和什么更重要的是，我们甚至没有选择这本书还。乔确定，让我们用它。名单上的是什么？珍妮特·我想我们正在寻找伦敦角的书籍吗？安迪不一定珍妮特是确定非小说显得太？乔绝对。珍妮特确定，这里是一个想法。我读狄更斯有一个新的传记安迪听起来不错，他的书总是在电视上。珍妮特，你看我在大学学习狄更斯，我注意到，在上周的书店。 这真的很有趣。乔确定，告诉我们更多。珍妮特·嗯，这说明了他在那里设置雾都孤儿“和大卫·科波菲尔，他的许多书籍，如伦敦的位置。安迪听起来是正确的您的街道！乔干得好，珍妮特。也许你可以展现安迪如何规划功能。 OK，这是每个人。让我们开始吧！

Conversation2

Janet What‘s the matter with Joe today?

Andy No idea. He‘s a bit like that sometimes. He gets annoyed with me, but I don‘t

really know why.

Janet He wasn‘t being at all fair. How often does he get like this?

Andy Well, I suppose it‘s not very often. But sometimes he really gets on my

nerves.

Janet Don‘t let it get to you. He‘s probably got too much work, and he‘s stressed. Andy Well, he should keep his problems away from the studio. Anyway, you‘re

the expert on Dickens, tell me something about him.

Janet Well, Charles Dickens was one of the most popular novelists in 19th century

Britain. Many of his novels first appeared in magazines, in short episodes. Each one had a cliffhanger at the end that made people want to read the next episode.

Andy And was he a Londoner?

Janet He was born in Portsmouth but his family moved to London when he was ten

years old.

Andy And he set most of his stories in London, didn‘t he? Janet That‘s right. He knew the city very well. Andy Whereabouts in London are his stories set?

Janet Around the Law Courts in the centre of London. He worked as a court

reporter and many of the real life stories he heard in court inspired some of the most famous characters in his novels.

Andy I think some of his stories take place south of the river?

Janet That‘s right, especially around Docklands. The thing was…Dickens was a

social commentator as much as he was a novelist-his stories describe the hardship, the poverty, and crime which many Londoners experienced in the 19th century. It makes me want to read some Dickens again. Maybe I‘ll just go shopping for a copy of Great Expectations.

Andy Anyway, you did me a huge favor. That was a real brainwave to suggest the

new biography.

Janet Cherr up, Andy. It wasn‘t your fault.

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Andy No, it‘s OK. I‘ll get over it. Go on, off you go and enjoy your shopping!

珍妮特·什么是今天的问题与乔？

安迪没有想法。他有时是有点类似的。他被惹恼了我，但我真的不知道为什么。 珍妮特他没有在所有公平。他这样多久？

安迪：嗯，我想这不是很经常。但有时他确实打动了我的神经。 珍妮特不要让它给你。他可能得到太多的工作，他强调。

安迪嗯，他应该保持他的问题，远离工作室。无论如何，你对狄更斯的专家，告诉我关于他的东西。

嗯，珍妮特·狄更斯是19世纪英国最受欢迎的小说家之一。他的许多小说，首次出现在杂志，在短节目。每一个在年底扣人心弦，使人们想读的下一集。 安迪和他是伦敦？

珍妮特，他出生于朴茨茅斯，但他的家人搬到伦敦时，他是10岁。 安迪和他的故事，他在伦敦，他没有？

珍妮特这是正确的。他知道这个城市非常好。 安迪在伦敦的下落，他的故事集？

珍妮特左右在伦敦市中心的法院。他曾担任法庭记者和现实生活中的故事，他在法庭上听到许多启发一些最著名的人物，在他的小说。 安迪：我觉得他的一些故事发生在河以南？

珍妮特这是正确的，特别是围绕港区。事情是......狄更斯是一个社会评论员，他也同样是一个小说家，他的故事，描述了许多伦敦在19世纪经历的困难，贫困和犯罪。这让我想再次读一些狄更斯。也许我只是去购物远大前程的副本。 安迪无论如何，你帮了我一个大忙。这是一个真正的脑电波，建议的新传记。 珍妮特Cherr起来，安迪。这是不是你的错。

安迪没有，这是确定的。我会挺过来的。去，你去享受购物关闭！

Outside view Part1

British people read a lot. They read books,Newspapers and magazines. And of

course they read text messages on their mobile phones. Sixty-five percent of British people list “reading for pleasure” as a major hobby. A quarter of the population reads more than 20 books each year. So where do these books come from? Well, there are bookshops where you can buy books. And there are lots of public libraries where you can borrow books for free.

Part2

In this library you can borrow books but you can also buy a cup of coffee, look at an

art exhibition, sit in a quiet study area or connect to the Internet. You can also now borrow CDs, videos or DVDs of films and television programmes. Some libraries even let you borrow computer games. There are often reference rooms where you can go to look something up or go to study. Many libraries have also got special rooms with books and photographs about the history of the area. Libraries are very important in schools and

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universities both for reading for pleasure.

Part3

The British Library is one of the world’s greatest Libraries. The Queen opened it’s new building in 1998.It receives a copy of every book published in Britain and adds three million new items every year. It’s got books of course, but also sound recordings, music, maps, newspapers and magazines. People predicted that radio ,then television, then the internet would kill reading, but it is still a very popular activity.

英国人读了很多书。他们阅读的书籍，报纸和杂志。当然他们阅读自己的手机短信。英国作为一个主要的业余爱好的人的名单“快乐阅读”的65％。有四分之一的人口读取每年超过20本书籍。所以这些图书来自哪里？嗯，有书店，在那里你可以买书。并有大量的公共图书馆，在那里你可以免费借阅书籍。 第二节

在这个库中，你可以借阅图书，但你也可以买一杯咖啡，看艺术展览，坐在一个安静的学习区域或连接到互联网。你现在还可以借CD，录像或电影和电视节目的DVD。一些图书馆，甚至让你借电脑游戏。经常有参考室，在那里你可以去看看的东西了，或者去学习。许多图书馆也得到了有关该地区历史上的书籍和照片的特别室。图书馆是非常重要的，在学校和大学都为乐趣阅读。

第三节

大英图书馆是世界上最大的图书馆之一。女王打开它1998.It新大楼收到一个在英国出版，并增加了3万个新的项目，每年每本书的副本。它有书，当然，也录音，音乐，地图，报纸和杂志。有人预言，广播，电视，互联网会杀死阅读，但它仍然是一个非常受欢迎的活动。

Listening in Passage 1

Mike So how long has your book group been running ?

Chris Well , let me see, it’s over 20 years now. I think it’s actually one of the oldest

book groups around , because it was only about 20 years ago that they started to become fashionable in the UK.

Mike And how often do you have meetings ?

Chris We meet about once every four or five weeks , although we try to avoid

meetings in the summer holidays, and during the run-up to Christmas when we all start to get busy with other things.

Mike And how many members do you have?

Chris We’re ten in all .although it’s rare that everyone can attend. Mike And what happens during the meeting?

Chris Well,we usually meet at one of our homes ,and we start fairly late, around

8.30 ,and the host prepares dinner, and sometime during the meal , someone asks “So what did you think of the book ?” and that’s when the discussion starts.

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Mike It sounds quite informal.

Chris It is , yes , and sometimes if we haven’t enjoyed the book , the meal

becomes more important than the discussion. But it’s fairly rare that no one likes the book, and it gets quite interesting when opinions about it are divided

Mkie and what sort of books do you read?

Chris Oh, all kinds, actually, not just novels, although I must admit that being a member of the club makes me read more modern fiction than I might do otherwise. But we also read the classics, you know the novels we all read or should have read 30 years ago, and it’s quite good fun to revisit them, to see if our views of the books have changed. We re-read Thomas Hardy recently, and whereas I used to love it when I was a student, this time I thought it was exasperatingly dull. And we read non-fiction, quite a lot of history and travel writing. A couple of the members like poetry, which I don’t, but you know, we’re tolerant of each other’s choice, and it gives us a chance to try things we wouldn’t usually read Mike And how do you choose the books?

Chris Well,at the end of the evening the person who hosts the dinner-basically, the cook-Has the right to choose the next book. Mike And that works OK?

Chris Yes, although there’s quite a lot of stress on choosing something that will earn everyone else’s respect. And we’ve got one member who likes science fiction, so we try not to goto his place too often!

迈克所以你的书有多久组已经运行？

克里斯嗯，让我看到，它现在已有20多年。我认为它实际上是一个最古老的书，因为它只有大约20年前，他们开始在英国成为时尚。 迈克和你经常开会吗？

克里斯我们满足大约每隔四，五个星期，但我们尽量避免在夏季假期的会议，并在运行到圣诞节时，我们都开始忙其他的事情。 迈克和多少成员，你有吗？

克里斯，我们在所有10个。虽然这是罕见的，每个人都可以参加。 迈克和什么发生在会议期间？

克里斯嗯，我们通常满足于我们的家园，和我们开始比较晚约8.30，，和主机准备吃晚饭，和一段期间用餐，有人问“所以什么没有你觉得这本书吗？”和这当讨论开始。

麦克听起来很正规。

克里斯它是，是，有时，如果我们不喜欢的书，吃饭变得比讨论更重要。但它是相当罕见的，没有人喜欢的书，关于它的意见分歧时，它变得很有趣 mkie什么书你读？

克里斯哦，，其实，不只是小说，但我必须承认，作为一个俱乐部的成员，让我读更多的现代小说比我可以做，否则。但是，我们也读经，你知道我们都读过或30年前应该已经读过的小说，它是相当不错的乐趣，重温他们，如果我们的书籍的看法已经改变。我们重新读托马斯·哈代最近，而我喜欢它，当我还是一个学生，这个时候我还以为是exasperatingly沉闷。和我们读非小说，很多很多的历史和旅游写作。几个成员喜欢诗歌，我不知道，但你知道，我们容忍对方的选择，它使我们有机会尝试的事情，我们通常不会读

16

迈克和你是怎么选择的书籍？

克里斯嗯，在晚上结束的人主持的晚宴，基本上，厨师，有权利选择下一本书。 迈克，工程确定的？

克里斯：是的，虽然有不少很大的压力，选择的东西会赢得别人的尊重。 ，我们已经有一个人喜欢科幻的成员，所以我们尽量不要转到他的地方，往往！

Passage 2

Well, thank you for your kind welcome, and for giving me the opportunity to give this brief tour of Literary England. I can’t claim it’s an authoritative tour, as I’m not a professional literary specialist. However, I have two amateur passions: one is travel and the other is reading, and English literature in particular. And this lecture is a description of different visits I have made to places in Britain and Ireland, chosen specifically for their close links with well-known writers of what we call the classics of English literature. Just to give you an overview of the lecture, I’m going to start in my home town of London, which is also the home of many well-known writers. But I think that the picture we have in our mind of London has been largely fashioned by the work of Charles Dickens and Shakespeare. Dickensian London illustrated most clearly by his book Oliver Twist, and Shakespeare’s London brings to mind the plays written and performed here, such as Romeo and Juliet. We’ll also have a look at the memorial of great British writers, Poets’ Corner in Westminster Abbey.

Then off we go to Oxford, another city rich in its literary history. I’m going to focus on the greatest of Oxford’s literary alumni, JRR Tolkien, the professor of English who wrote Lord of the Rings, which is now famous throughout the world because of the recent series of films.

Then we turn south towards the gentle countryside of Hampshire, home of Jane Austen, where her various novels, including Pride and Prejudice are set. She also spent a period of her life in the magnificent Georgian city Bath.

Then we turn north to the hills of West Yorkshire where we find Bronte country, so called because it was the home of the three sisters, Charlotte, Emily and Anne Bronte. Perhaps the two best known novels are Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre, and Emily Bronte’s Wuthering Heights, also made into successful films.

Then up to the northwest, to the stunning land of mountains and Lakeland poets. Perhaps its most famous son is William Wordsworth, whose poem “I wandered lonely as a cloud” has been learnt by generations of school children not just in Britain, but around the English-speaking world. So that’s the basic route Literary England, although I’ll be taking several days to visit other famous writers whose work contributes to the glory which is English literature. Let’s start?

很好，谢谢你的善意表示欢迎，并给我这个机会给这个参观英国文学。我不能说，它是一个权威的旅游，因为我不是一个专业的文学专家。不过，我有两个业余的激情：一个是旅游和其他正在读，尤其是英语文学。这个讲座是我曾经的地方，在英国和爱尔兰，专门选择与我们所说的英国古典文学名著的知名作家的密切联系，说明了不同的访问。只是给你一个概述的讲座，我要开始在我的家

17

乡伦敦，这也是许多知名作家的故乡。但我认为我们在我们的头脑伦敦的照片已很大程度上是由查尔斯·狄更斯和莎士比亚的作品塑造。狄更斯的伦敦说明最清楚他的书雾都孤儿“，莎士比亚的伦敦带来介意在这里写和执行的戏剧，如”罗密欧与茱丽叶“。我们还必须看看在纪念伟大的英国作家，诗人在西敏寺角。 然后关闭我们去牛津大学，在文学史上的另一个城市丰富。我打算把重点放在最大的牛津大学文学的校友，托尔金，是谁写的，因为在最近的一系列电影指环王，这是目前在世界各地著名的英语教授。 然后我们打开南向温和的新罕布什尔州的农村，简·奥斯汀的家，她的小说，包括“傲慢与偏见”设置。她还花了一段时间她的生活，在宏伟的格鲁吉亚城市巴斯。 然后我们把北部西约克郡的山丘，在那里我们发现勃朗特的国家，所谓的，因为它是，夏洛特，艾米莉和安妮·勃朗特三姐妹的家。也许两个最知名的小说是夏洛蒂·勃朗特的“简爱”，艾米莉·勃朗特的“呼啸山庄”，也成功的电影。 然后向西北，以惊人的山区和湖区诗人的土地。其最著名的儿子也许是华兹华斯的诗：“我孤独”一直学到的不只是在英国学童的后代，但英语世界各地游荡，像一朵云。 所以，是文学英格兰的基本路线，虽然我将采取数天访问其他的著名作家，其工作的荣耀，这是英国文学的贡献。让我们开始...

Unit 3 Fashion statements Inside view

Conversation 1

Tanya Hey! That looks good on you! You should try it on! Janet No thanks. I’m just looking.

Tanya Go on, try it on. I can tell it suits you.

Janet You seem to want to me to buy something. And I’m not sure I want to buy anything at all.

Tanya Well, yes, I’m pretty sure you want to buy something. Janet How do you know?

Tanya Well it’s my job to know what women want to wear. Janet How do you know what I want to wear?

Tanya I can just tell. Most women don’t hold things up like that unless they know they want to buy it, but either they haven’t got the money or they are nervous about impulse buying.

Janet So what type of women am I then? Tanya No money!

Janet Yeah! You’re right, but how do you know?

Tanya If you were nervous about impulse buying, you’d try it on. That way you’ll feel good that you’ve made a careful decision.

Janet That’s pretty smart. What is your job then?

Tanya I’m a buyer for a store in New York City. I’m here for London Fashion Week. Hey, do you want to go? I have some free tickets for the catwalk show this afternoon. Janet Well, I’m not sure. I’m waiting for a friend, actually, and… Joe Hi Janet!

Janet Joe! What are you doing here? Joe Why the surprise?

Janet It’s just… I didn’t expect to see you. That’s all. Er, this is..

Tanya Hello, I’m Tanya Feinstein. Is this the friend you were waiting for..

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Janet No. Yes!

Tanya So would you both like to come this afternoon?

Janet Tanya has invited us to the catwalk show this afternoon.

Tanya Look at this. Oh, it’s perfect. I’ll just try it on. I’ll leave you two to make up your minds. 陈淑庄嘿！看起来你们好！你应该尝试一下！珍妮特没有感谢。我只是随便看看。陈淑庄去，试试吧。我可以告诉它适合你。珍妮特，你似乎想给我买东西。和我不知道我想买什么。芳姐嗯，是的，我敢肯定，你想要买的东西。珍妮特·你怎么知道？芳姐好这是我的工作，知道女人想穿。珍妮特·你怎么知道我想穿什么？芳姐，我就可以告诉。大多数妇女不装东西，这样，除非他们知道他们想要买它，但他们要么没有拿到了钱，或者是神经冲动购买的。珍妮特因此，什么类型的女性，我然后呢？芳姐没有钱！珍妮特是啊！你说得对，但你怎么知道？陈淑庄，如果你是神经冲动购买的，你想尝试它。这样，你会感觉良好，你犯了一个慎重决定。珍妮特这是非常聪明的。你的工作是什么呢？芳姐，我在纽约市商店买家。我在这里为伦敦时装周。嘿，你想去吗？我走秀一些免费门票今天下午。珍妮特·好吧，我不知道。我等待着一个朋友，其实，...乔喜珍妮特！珍妮特·乔！你在这里做什么？乔为什么惊喜？珍妮特这只是...我没想到会看到你。这一切。呃，这是......芳姐，你好，我是丹娘范因斯坦。这是你在等待的朋友......珍妮特号是！芳姐那么，你都喜欢来这个下午？珍妮特芳姐已邀请我们的时装秀今天下午。芳姐看在此。哦，这是完美的。我就试试。我会离开你们两个来弥补你的头脑。

Conversation 2

Joe Who is she? Is she a friend of yours?

Janet No, she just came up to me and started talking about fashion. She’s a buyer for some New York fasion store. Joe But why has she invited us to a catwalk show? Janet She’s giving out free tickets. Part of her job I think. Joe So, do you want to go?

Janet I suppose so. Haven’t got any money for shopping, so why not? Tanya OK, you guys made up your mind?

Joe You sure you got a couple of tickets for us? Tanya sure!

Joe Thanks. So what‘s your take on the London fashion scene then?

Tanya As far as I‘m concerned, the clothes shops in London are some of the best

in the world . The way I see it, if I want haute couture I can go to Paris or Milan, But if I want street fashion that will look good in New York too, I come to London .The kids here all have this unique style.

Joe But they can‘t afford designer prices.

Tanya In London the fashion tends to start on the streets. It gets popular among the

kids, and then the designers come and pick up on their style, turn it into designer clothes. Whereas, in Paris or Milan, it‘s more of a top-down process.

Janet Top down?

Tanya Sure. The big name designers create these wonderful clothes but they‘re

really only for a few rich people.

Joe So you thank it‘s different in London ?

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Tanya I sure do. And, if you ask me, New York as well. Anyway, you ready? Joe Sure. Why not? Janet?

Janet Will…Oh well, it‘s getting late. So, I suppose so. Tanya OK, follow me. Let‘s get a cab. 乔她是谁？她是你的朋友吗？ 珍妮特不，她刚刚向我，并开始谈论关于时尚。她是一个买方的一些纽约FASION商店。

乔但为什么她邀请我们到时装秀？

珍妮特，她的免费门票。我认为她的工作的一部分。 乔所以，你想不想去？

珍妮特·我想是这样。购物没有得到任何钱，为什么不呢？ 丹娘OK，你们下定决心？

乔你确定了我们的门票的情侣吗？ 芳姐肯定！

乔感谢。那么什么是伦敦时装舞台上起飞，然后呢？

芳姐就我而言，在伦敦的服饰店是一些在世界上最好的。我看到它，如果我想的是高级时装，我就可以去巴黎或米兰，但如果我想将看在纽约的街头时尚，我来到伦敦。这里的孩子们都有这样的独特风格。 乔但是，他们买不起名牌的价格。

丹娘在伦敦时装往往开始在街道上。它得到深受孩子，然后设计师来接自己的风格，变成设计师的衣服。然而，在巴黎或米兰，它是一个自上而下的过程。 珍妮特自上而下？

芳姐肯定。大牌设计师创建这些美妙的衣服，但他们真的只为少数富人。 乔所以你感谢它在伦敦的不同？

芳姐我肯定做。而且，如果你问我，以及纽约。无论如何，你准备好了吗？ 乔肯定。为什么不呢？珍妮特？

珍妮特·请问......哦，它天色已晚。所以，我想是这样。 丹娘“确定”，跟着我。让我们获得了一辆出租车。

Outside view

London has always prided itself on being a little bit different when it comes to fashion.

At the catwalk shows, designers showcase the hottest new trends for journalists and buyers from all over the world.

But away from the glamour of designer collections, what do London girls actually wear? How do they create the affordable, personal style they are famous for?

Hannah, who works for a fashion magazine, says London‘s unique style is all about mixing and matching.

―One day you can be punk.. Next day you can be really girlie. It‘s kind of choosing what you want in your wardrobe. Maybe taking an expensive piece but mixing it with something cheaper or second-hand. I thank that‘s what London girls are really good at doing.‖

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Portobello Road, in the trendy Nothing Hill area, is home to one of the most famous markets in London. Here, you name it and people wear it-anything from market stall bargains to to-die-for designer labels sold in trendy shops. But how de the capital‘s women view their style? ―Eclectic. My style is certainly eclectic.‖

―It‘s from Tesco. It‘s the Catherine Kidston range from Tesco. ‖

Sam‘s matched her outfit today with a bag she bought in a supermarket. Angela is a fashion stylist.

―So tell me a little bit about your style. What are you wearing and what would you say your style is? ‖

―My style tends to change week by week. Today I‘m wearing some jeans from Uniqlo. I‘ve discovered Uniqlo jeans and bought about five pairs‘cause they fit really well. The boots are by Aldo. My T-shirt is from Topshop. The jacket is a really old jacket that I bought in the States a few years ago. But um, year I mean, it just…it does tend to change a lot.‖

Over to New Bond Street, London‘s designer shopping mecca and the style stakes have gone up a little. Some of the most famous and expensive shops in the world can be found here.

Shops where you have to ask the price of that handbag…orpair of shoes…then you kown you can‘t really afford it.

Natatie, a student form the city, says being laid back is what gives London style its edge.

―Er…I don‘t know…Everyone says like…French is like so fashionable and stuff but I think we‘re quite trendy, we‘re a bit more casua, but I think we‘re still got a good style going on and everyone still looks cool.‖

Seylia works in a jewellery shop. No shabby chic here.

―Cashmere scarf from Louboutin, because it‘s clod. Black coat from Prada and a Valentino bag, which is probably as colourful as it gets.‖

Katie is a model and loves how people dress in London because everyone has their own individual style.

―I love London, it‘s so unique. And like everyone‘s got their own fashion. I love it here. Because you can wear whatever and just fit in, it's great. I love London for that.\

Laura is a student and says she doesn't really put any thought into what she's wearing.

\what I'm comfortable in.\

Camden is known for its grungy, daring and sometime outrageous styles.

Here fashion is whatever you want it to be. Teenagers don't hold back when it comes to choosing clothes, they just want to make a personal statement. \

\It's more making a statement, some people.\\

伦敦一向引以为傲的一点点不同，当谈到时尚。在时装秀中，设计师，记者和来

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自世界各地的买家展示最热门的新趋势。但远离设计师系列的魅力，什么伦敦女孩居然穿吗？他们是如何创造的实惠，个人风格，他们是著名的吗？汉娜说，伦敦的独特风格，为某时尚杂志工作，所有关于混合和匹配。“有一天，你可以是朋克......第二天，你就可以真正的娘娘腔。这是一种选择你想要在你的衣柜。也许昂贵，但混合在一起的东西便宜，或二手。我感谢这是伦敦女孩是真正做好。“波多贝罗，在时尚没有山景区，是在伦敦最著名的市场之一。这里，你的名字，人们穿上它，任何从市场摊主讨价还价死亡时髦的商店出售的名牌。但资本的妇女如何去查看自己的风格？“兼收并蓄。肯定是我的风格不拘一格。““这是从易购。这是凯瑟琳基德斯顿来自乐购的范围。 “山姆的匹配今天她的衣服，她在一家超市买了袋。安吉拉是一个时装设计师。“所以，告诉我一点关于你的风格。你穿什么，你的风格是，你会说什么？ ““我的风格趋于每周改变。今天我穿的优衣库的一些牛仔裤。我发现优衣库的牛仔裤，并购买了约五pairs'cause他们适应得很好。靴子是由阿尔多。我的T恤是从Topshop的。这件夹克是真的老了的外套，我在美国几年前买的。但是，嗯，今年我的意思是，它只是......它往往发生很大的变化。“以上新邦德街购物圣地，伦敦的设计师和风格的赌注已经涨了一点点。一些在世界上最著名，最昂贵的商店，可以在这里找到。商店，你要问的鞋，手袋的价格... orpair ......那么，你权良淑，你真的不能负担得起。natatie，城市学生的形式，说悠闲，是什么让伦敦风格的边缘。“呃......我不知道......大家都说像法国是像这样的时尚和东西，但我觉得我们是很时髦的，我们多一点casua，但我认为我们仍然有一个好的作风大家仍然看起来很酷。“seylia工程在一间珠宝店。没有在这里破旧的别致。“羊绒围巾从Louboutin，因为它的土块。从Prada，这可能是丰富多彩的，因为它得到的是Valentino包的黑色大衣。“凯蒂是一个模型和爱的人如何在伦敦的打扮，因为每个人都有自己的个人风格。“我喜欢伦敦，它是如此独特。 ，得到大家的喜欢自己的时尚。我喜欢这里。因为你可以穿什么，只是适应，这是伟大的。我喜欢伦敦。“ 劳拉是一个学生，说她并没有真正投入任何想法，她穿什么。“时尚，我不会真的把它时尚，它只是一种分块一起，基本上，我感到轻松自在。”卡姆登被称为其蹩脚的，大胆的和某个离谱的风格。这里的时尚，无论你希望它是。青少年不退缩，当谈到选择衣服，他们只是想发表个人声明。“我们只是疯了！”“我们不憋了这么多，这不是优雅或类似的东西，它更重要的是一份声明中，有些人。”“我们不在乎。”

Passage 1

Presenter How often do you change your clothes during the day?

Penny Um I think it all depends on what I'm going to do. Um it might be as many as three times if... Presenter Three times.

Penny Yes, if I was going to go to the gym, for instance, having dropped the children off at school, I'd be wearing an outfit for... just a causal outfit for doing the school run , then I'd go to the gym and, and get changed and er, and then if I was going out in the evening I'd change again. Presenter Yeah, How about you ?

Eric Yeah um I think it depends what happens during the day. Most of the time though I just put on my clothes for work. I go to work, I come home. Um maybe, maybe take something off, like er my shoes and change into a pair of

22

slippers or something, just a pair of sneakers. Um but there are times when if I go to the gym, like penny said ,or if we're going out, my wife and I are going out for some occasion, I have to change into something a little nicer.

Presenter And, and so what would, what would be the occasion when you changed into something nicer ? It would be different from a work...?

Eric Yeah like going to someone's house for dinner or going out for dinner, or going to some kind of event.

Presenter Yeah,yeah, Would that be the same for you ?

Penny Definitely. Going to the theatre,um or meeting, meeting friends for a drink, yes.

Presenter So you'd always change for a social circumstances ? Penny Definitely makes it feel more of occasion.

Presenter Ok,and what about the clothes you are wearing at the moment, how would you...you know,how...what made you choose these clothes this morning ?

Penny Well. I'm going for an interview in an hour's time so I've got to look quite smart and presentable so that‘s why I‘m looking smarter than I normally would do in the day.

Presenter I think you‘ve got a head start here because you look very presentable. Penny Ah thank you. Presenter How about you?

Eric I‘m able to go to work in fairly casual clothes so, um you know it‘s fairly relaxed, nice and easy, anything I‘m comfortable with, but as it‘s clean and the boss says it‘s all right.

Presenter And so you dress for comfort or do you think you're fashion conscious as well?

Eric Maybe a little bit fashion conscious, yeah. You don't want to stand out like a sore thumb and people make fun of you, you know for some reason, but at the same time you want to have your own bit of individuality. Presenter I think you're discreetly fashion conscious, would you agree with...?

Penny Yes, and, and another... a good trick I always do is carry um my high heels in my hand bag and go in my traines you see, and then I can charge along and jumpon the bus and then, and then look… Presenter: And you manage high heels?

Penny: Yes, once I‘m there and haven‘t got to move around too much.

Presenter: Very impressive, very impressive. What do you think your clothes say about your, your mood or your personality? Do you change depending…if you get up in the morning do you put on certain clothes depending how you feel?

Penny: Definitely, yes .I f I‘m if I‘m feeling maybe a bit down I do not want to wear black because it‘s quite draining and also as you get older it‘s draining too, so I might I might put on some um warm colours or…which um, I don‘t know , sort of make your skin look lighter and your eyes sparkle a little more. Um I, I change…I would say I‘ve got a lot of different colours clothes according to my mood.

Presenter: Yeah, and what about you? Do you change dramatically in the evening when you go out on town on the razz you know?

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Eric: Well not really. Um yeah I might put on a nicer pair of shoes or maybe er get out of my jeans and put on a nicer pair of pants, something like that. But um for the most part it‘s a young organization that I work for and the boss is fairly young so we all dress um with a …with a youthful thought in mind. Presenter: Think you .

主持人你经常改变你的衣服，白天呢？ 竹篙嗯，我觉得这一切取决于我什么都做。嗯，它可能是多达3倍，如果... 演示三倍。 是一分钱，如果我是去健身房，例如，在下跌学校的孩子，我会穿着一个装...只是一个装做学校运行的因果关系，那么我会去健身房，并获得改变和ER，然后如果我在晚上，我再次改变。主讲人呀，你怎么样？埃里克是嗯，我认为这取决于白天发生的事情。大部分时间，虽然我只是把我的衣服工作。我去上班，我回家。嗯也许，也许需要的东西，像呃我的鞋，变成了一双拖鞋或什么，只是一双球鞋。嗯，但如果我去健身房的时候，像Penny说，如果我们走出去，我和妻子都去一些场合，我有一点点更好的东西变成有次。主持人和等什么，会是什么场合，当你改变到的东西更好？这将是从不同的工作吗？埃里克呀，像吃饭或去别人的房子，走出去吃饭，或将一些事件。主持人啊，是啊，这是相同的你吗？竹篙肯定。去剧院，um或会议，满足了饮料的朋友，是的。主讲人，所以你随时改变社会的情况？竹篙肯定使得它感觉更多的场合。主持人好，和有关的衣服，你穿的那一刻，你怎么会......你知道，如何...是什么让你选择这些衣服今天上午？竹篙嘛。我要在一个小时的时间采访，所以我有看起来相当聪明和像样的，所以这就是为什么我看比我聪明，通常会在当天。主讲人，我想你了头从这里开始，因为你看上去很像样。竹篙阿感谢你。演示如何你呢？埃里克·我能去工作相当休闲服，所以，嗯，你知道这是相当轻松，美观大方，容易，我很舒服的事情，但因为它是干净的，老板说，这是所有权利。主持人和让你穿着舒适，或你认为你是时尚意识以及？埃里克也许有点时尚意识，耶。你知道你不想屹立突兀和人民取笑你，由于某种原因，但在同一时间，你想拥有你自己的个性位。主持人，我觉得你谨慎的时尚意识，你会同意吗？竹篙是，和其他...我总是做一个很好的伎俩进行嗯我在我的手包高跟鞋去我的traines你看到，然后，我可以收取沿jumpon公交车，然后，再看看...主讲人：你管理的高跟鞋吗？竹篙：是的，一次我在那里并没有得到太多走动。主讲人：令人印象深刻，非常令人印象深刻。你觉得你的衣服你，你的心情或你的个性说？你改变取决于......如果你在早晨起床，你把某些衣服取决于你感觉如何？彭妮：肯定，是I F我，如果我感觉也许有点下来，我不想穿黑色，因为它是相当排水，也可以作为你变老了，它是太排水，所以我可能我可能把一些UM之类的暖色调......嗯，我不知道，让你的皮肤看起来更轻，你的眼睛闪闪发光多一点。嗯我，我......我会说我有很多不同颜色的衣服根据我的心情。主讲人：是啊，你怎么样？你在晚上显着改变，当你去出城上的非难，你知道吗？艾瑞克：这不是真的。嗯我可能会更好一双的鞋子，也许呃走出我的牛仔裤和一条裤子一双更好，这样的事情。但是，恩在大多数情况下，我的工作，老板是相当年轻，所以我们用一记青春的思想与所有礼服UM ...这是一个年轻的组织。主讲人：想你。

Passage2

Organizers of the London Fashion Show have confirmed today that they will not be following the ban on size zero models which was introduced during similar events in

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Madrid and Milan.

Faced with a disturbing increase in the number of cases of the slimmer‘s disease , anorexia, city authorities in Milan and Madrid decided to take action against the appearance in fashion shoes of models whose Body Mass Index was less than 18.5-the level below which a person‘s health is considered to be at risk.

The ban follows the death of a Mexican model who ate salads and drank Coke for three months. She had been told by her model agency that she would be extremely successful in the fashion world ,but only if she lost weight. A short while after finishing her catwalk display, she complained of feeling unwell ,and later died of heart failure.

The London Fashion Show was expected to introduce a similar ban on its own size zero models—which is a UK size 4, or a European size 32. In recent years, there has been an increasing tendency by designers to use only the slimmest of models who show off their clothes to the best advantage. Critics claimed that the size zero models encourage young women of all sizes to reduce their weight to unhealthy levels.

The Body Mess Index is measured by taking your weight in kilos divided by your height in metres squared. It‘s considered to be a more accurate measurement of a person‘s health than the dress size they wear.

But it appears that contributors to the London Fashion Show are nervous about Milan and Madrid‘s concern for the health of their fashion models. A spokesperson said,“We refuse to comment on or interfere in the creativity of the designers displaying their collections at our show.”Others claimed that designers were not uncaring, and would use their common sense.“It‘s an obvious choice not to use a model who is clearly unhealthy,”said one industry insider.

One unnamed designer said that he couldn‘t afford to design dresses in sizes which are more realistic for the average woman. He said that if he made them any bigger, no one would use them in photo shoots for magazines. It‘s not the designers who are promoting size zero models. It‘s the fashion magazines and ultimately, it‘s the customers—the people who buy the magazines—who decide what we design and promote in fashion shows.

To explore the different sides of the debate we‘ve invited a couple of leading fashion specialists into the studio…

伦敦时装展的组织者今天证实，他们不会被禁止零模型大小期间推出类似的事件在马德里和米兰。 面对1，苗条的疾病，厌食案件的数量令人不安的增加，在米兰和马德里市当局决定对外观的车型，其身体质量指数小于18.5的水平以下其中一个人的时尚鞋采取行动被认为是健康风险。 禁令如下死亡的墨西哥模式，谁吃了沙拉和喝可口可乐三个月。她曾告诉她的模特经纪公司，她将在世界时装界非常成功的，但只有当她失去了重量。一会儿后整理她的走秀显示，她抱怨身体不适，后死于心脏衰竭。 伦敦时装展预计将推出类似的禁令对自己的大小零模型，这是英国4大小，或欧洲尺寸32。近年来，已有增加的趋势，由设计师只使用最薄的车型炫耀自己的衣服，最好的优势。批评者声称，大小为零模型，鼓励各种规模的年轻妇女，以减轻他们的体重不健康的水平。 美体会所指数来衡量，在你的体重公斤除以你的高度（米）的平方。它被认为是一个人的健康比他们穿的衣服尺寸测量更准确。 但现在看来，伦敦时装展的贡献者是米兰和马德里的的时装模特健康的关注神经。一

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位发言人说，“我们拒绝以评论上或干涉，在我们的节目显示自己的藏品设计师的创造力。”其他人声称，设计师均不能漠不关心，并会使用常识。“这1显而易见的选择不使用一位业内人士说，“显然是不健康的模型。 一位不愿意透露姓名的设计师说，他不能负担的大小对于普通女性来说，更现实的设计礼服。他说，如果他让他们大，没有人会在拍照使用杂志。这不是设计师们正在推动大小为零模型。这是时尚杂志，最终，它的客户的人买的杂志，谁决定我们的设计和推广时装表演。 探索不同的侧面，我们已经邀请了夫妇引领时尚专家进棚辩论

Unit4 Money talks Inside view Conversation1

Andy So what happened then?

Janet I saw some wonderful clothes, and had a wonderful day.

Andy But what were you doing there with Joe? I thought you were meeting me. Janet You were late.

Andy Ah, yes. You‘ve got me there.

Janet Joe is right you know. You are late quite often. Andy OK.

Janet I didn‘t know what to do because I didn‘t know you were on your way, and Tanya offered me the free tickets and then Joe just turned up.

Andy Oh well, look I‘m really sorry I didn‘t…Oh, I‘d better take this. Hi Andy speaking…Oh, yes of course. Hi, Mr Pearson. Are we still on for today? It‘s the guy we‘re meeting today. Yes, we‘re already here. Something unexpected has come up. Ok. Sure, we‘ll have to make another arrangement to meet. That‘ fine, no problem. So when it would be convenient for you? I think that‘s OK, but can I just check my schedule? Can you hold on a moment, please? He can‘t make it this morning. Are we clear this afternoon? Janet I think so, yes.

Andy That‘s OK. Could we make it at 2:30 rather than 2? Well, let me think, how about at our local, the Duck of York? Would that be OK with you? ...Sure no problem. See you this afternoon. Bye!

Janet What‘s he coming to talk about?

Andy The City. The financial capital of the world… next to New York, of course. I‘d better tell Joe about the change of plan.

安迪因此发生了什么事？

珍妮特·我看到了一些漂亮的衣服，并有一个美好的一天。 安迪，但你在那里做与乔？我还以为你满足我。 珍妮特，你是迟到了。 小宝啊，是的。你有我有。

珍妮特·乔是你知道的权利。你迟到了很多。 安迪确定。

26

珍妮特·我不知道该怎么做，因为我不知道你对你的方式，和芳姐给我提供的免费机票，然后乔刚满。

安迪哦，看我真的很抱歉我没有......哦，我会更好地利用这个。您好安迪讲......哦，是的，当然。嗨，皮尔森先生。仍然是我们今天呢？这是我们今天开会的家伙。是的，我们已经在这里。意想不到的事情上来。确定。当然，我们将不得不另作安排，以满足。这罚款，没有问题。所以当它会为你方便吗？我觉得这没什么，但我只可以检查我的时间表？你可以等一等，好吗？他不能让这个早晨。我们清楚今天下午吗？

珍妮特·我想是这样，没错。

安迪这没关系。我们可以使下午2时30分，而不是2吗？好吧，让我认为，在我们当地，纽约鸭？会是这样，你还好吧？ ...当然没有问题。你今天下午见。再见！

珍妮特·什么是他来谈谈？

安迪的城市。纽约世界金融资本，当然。我会更好地告诉乔改变计划。

Conversation 2

Janet So what does the world of high finance have to do with our website?

Joe Well, I thought we could do something on the Bank of England Museum – it‘s really quite interesting.

Janet So who exactly is Tim Pearson?

Joe He works there and he‘s coming along today to plan an interview and a tour round the museum.

Janet So we‘re not actually doing any filming?

Andy No, just asking him more about the Bank and the museum. Tim Hi.

Joe Hi , Tim. Andy Hi, Tim.

Janet Hi, I‘m Janet.

Tim Hi, Janet. Right, so where do you want to begin.

Joe I‘ve got a plan of the museum. Can we go though it with you?

Tim Fine. Basically, the Bank of England Museum tells the story of the Bank of England. There‘s also a collection of bank notes and gold bars. Andy Any free samples?

Tim Sorry, no chance! Now, you come in here or the left, past the museum shop. Then the first room you enter is a reconstruction of a late 18th century banking hall. Janet And moving through to this room, on the top right hand side?

Tim That‘s the story of the early years at the Bank from when it was founded in 1694.

Janet What about this room on the left?

Tim That‘s the Bank‘s collection of silver goods, a pile of gold bars. And this room here below contains a description of how the modern economy works. Janet So is our paper money always backed by its value in gold?

Tim Yes, the notes they gave or received were originally receipts for the loans in

27

gold. But gradually these paper receipts replace the gold and became bank notes. Janet So is the Bank was given its independence in 1997.

Janet And why didn‘t the Bank help the economy during the credit crunch in 2008?

Tim Well, it‘s a bit difficult to explain…

Andy Take your time, Tim we‘d really like to know. Tim Well, uh…

珍妮特那么，什么是高金融世界与我们的网站做？

乔好了，我想我们可以做一些银行对英国博物馆 - 它真的很有趣。 珍妮特那么，到底谁是蒂姆·皮尔逊？

乔他的作品出现，他沿着今天来策划的采访和旅游的一轮博物馆。 珍妮特因此，我们实际上没有做任何拍摄？

安迪没有，只是要求他更多的有关银行和博物馆。 添喜。

乔嗨，蒂姆。 安迪嗨，蒂姆。

珍妮特·你好，我是珍妮特。

添喜，珍妮特。正确的，所以你要开始。

乔我已经有了一个博物馆的计划。虽然我们可以去你吗？

蒂姆精细。基本上，英国博物馆的银行告诉英格兰银行的故事。还有一个收集钞票和金条。

安迪任何免费样品吗？

蒂姆·对不起，没有机会！现在，你在这里或在左边，过去博物馆商店。然后你进入第一个房间是一个18世纪后期的银行大厅的重建。 珍妮特和移动到这个房间，顶部右侧？

添，这是在银行成立于1694年，当它被从早年的故事。 珍妮特这左边的房间怎么样？

蒂姆·这是银行的银货收集，一堆金条。和下面这里这个房间，包含现代经济是如何工作的说明。

珍妮特所以一直支持我们的纸币黄金的价值？

蒂姆是，他们放弃或收到的票据原本黄金贷款的收益。但渐渐地，这些纸收据代替黄金成为钞票。

所以，珍妮特是该银行在1997年，其独立性。

珍妮特和为什么没有银行帮助经济在2008年的信贷紧缩？ 添好了，这是一个有点难以解释......

安迪把你的时间，添我们就真的想知道。 添好了，呃...

Outside view

Part1

Voiceover So you want to win a million dollars. Who doesn‘t, right? Everyone has fun thinking about how they would spend all that money.

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Speaker1 If I won a million dollars, I would take a vacation around the world. Speaker2 If I won a million dollars, I would feed the hungry children in Africa. Speaker3 I would buy a Learjet and get out of here.

Speaker4 If I won a million dollars, I would buy a cabin and live in the woods. Speaker5 If I won a million dollars, I would take a trip around the world, and the rest of it I would give to charities.

Voiceover Winning a million dollars is a nice fantasy. But for many people, their fantasy can get them in trouble. Criminals called con artists, scam artists, or frauds, take advantage of people‘s dreams of winning it big.

Maria My dad told my mom, ―Don‘t do that, because you don‘t know if they‘re going to trick you or not!‖

Voiceover Scam artists trick Maria Ellan‘s mother out of thousands of dollars. These criminals told Maria‘s mother that she had won part of a million-dollar jackpot. But, they said ,since she was not a US citizen, she was not allowed to claim the prize. They promised to collect the prize for her if she gave them thousands of dollars.

Maria $15,000, uh, at 5 o‘clock in the Lottery Texas Department . That‘s what they told her. And my mom said, ―OK, I‘ll be there at that time.‖

Voiceover Police at the Dollars Lotto Claims. Office say that dozens of people have been tricked out of their money in this latest fraud. Fraud is a common crime. Hoping to win millions, people make poor decisions and lose their money. But people who really do win millions can make poor decisions too. Bob Kenny works for an organization called More Than Money. More Than Money helps who come into large amounts of money make good decisions about how to manage their unexpected wealth.

Bob What‘s really important to me? My family . The health of my family . The education of my family .The long-term care of my family . These are the things that are important to me. These are the things I‘m going to use my money to get in the world.

Prt2

Voiceover Albert Miller and Dorothy Adams who won a whopping $40 million had many choices to make on how to spend their new wealth.

Albert I was finally able to afford some health insurance, so?? Voiceover And you didn‘t have it before this?

Albert No I didn‘t , and I worked every, every day of my adult life.

Bob That‘s a great decision, buying health insurance . He knows his health is important to him. His family‘s health is important to him. He knows he‘s important to his family. So it‘s a really easy decision. I have the money. I need the health insurance. I‘m going to buy it.

Voiceover Now Albert can afford almost anything he wants. He bought an everyday car, a top of the line Infinity.

Albert It‘s low-key?it‘s a low-profile car for me.

Voiceover His other new one is not. It‘s a special edition Rolls-Royce. There are fewer than two dozen like this in the world. With a cognac bar, a twelve-cylinder

29

engine, and one smooth ride.

Albert You fly a Rolls, you don‘t drive a Rolls. So, you know, you just fly along.

Bob He decided to buy one car that was practical,that he could use every day. And then he decided to buy another car that he knows is not practical, that‘s been a fantasy of his. It‘s something that, in some ways, he‘s always wanted. And having a little fun with money while he‘s trying to make these decisions is a perfectly normal thing to do

Voiceover Last time we talked, you were talking diamonds. What happened? Dorothy Uh, well I got diamonds! Voiceover Big ones.Eleven carats in all.

Bob I think that was a very sweet thing to do. He had his fantasies, she had hers, and having diamonds is something she always wanted.

Voiceover A few weeks after the big win, the couple closed their restaurant, called Bentley‘s.Now they have more time to travel, golf and play on the boat Albert just bought.Still,a lot‘s the same. They live in the same house, in the same neighborhood where they both grew up.

Albert’s son We try to keep everything pretty much the same as it was before. You know, we tried not to let money change us.

Part3

Bob Our culture wants us to believe that if we‘re not happy,if we had more money,we would be happy.And the research shows that that‘s just not true.You‘ll still wake up some mornings with a headache.You‘ll still wake up sometimes in a bad mood.You‘ll still have fights with your friends sometimes.It won‘t make all of that better.Having more money will not necessarily improve the quality of your relationships or the happiness that you actually have in your life.What money does is allow us to make more choices.And making wise choices is what will make us happy. Voiceover Despite every man‘s dream come true,Albert still thinks about money. Albert The money pressures not there, but other pressures of having the money come then, so, you know,I mean,you‘re never totally free of something to worry about Bob Albert‘s a pretty wise guy. He understands that the money is going to create another set of issues for him.

Voiceover I still think.most of us would trade our money problems for Albert‘s any day.

Bob I think most of us think that the problems that we have in life would get solved if we had more money. But what I‘m suggesting is that isn‘t necessarily so that money gives us more choices, but it doesn‘t give us the blissful answer.

第一节画外音所以，你要赢得一百万美元。谁没有，对不对？每个人都有有趣的思想，他们将如何度过所有的钱。speaker1如果我赢了一百万美元，我想借此在世界各地度假。speaker2如果我赢了一百万美元，我会养活在非洲的饥饿儿童。speaker3，我会买一个里尔，并离开这里。speaker4，如果我赢了一百万美元，我会买一间小木屋，住在树林里。speaker5如果我赢了一百万美元，我会在世界各

30

地旅行，我想给它的其余部分给慈善机构。画外音胜出一百万美元，是一个很好的幻想。但对许多人来说，他们的幻想，可以让他们陷入困境。罪犯被称为骗子，骗子，或诈骗，采取优势获胜，大人们的梦想。玛丽亚·我的爸爸告诉我的妈妈，“不要那样做，因为你不知道他们是否打算欺骗你或不！”画外音诈骗者招玛丽亚Ellan的母亲了数千美元。这些罪犯告诉玛丽亚的母亲，她赢得了一百万美元的奖金的一部分。但是，他们说，因为她是不是美国公民，她是不允许领奖。他们答应为她收集的奖金，如果她给了他们几千块钱。玛丽亚15000美元，呃，在在彩票得克萨斯部5点钟。这就是他们告诉她。和我妈妈说，“好吧，我当时。”画外音警方美元乐透索赔。办公室说，数十人已被骗的钱，在这个最新的诈骗。欺诈是一个共同犯罪。希望赢得百万，人们做出决策失误，失去他们的钱。但真正做到双赢百万的人可以作出糟糕的决定。鲍勃·肯尼一个叫做比金钱更为重要的组织工作。比金钱更帮助到大量资金，使良好的决策，如何管理他们意想不到的财富。鲍勃·什么是真正重要的是我吗？我的家人。我的家人的健康。我的家庭教育。我的家人长期照顾。这些都是对我很重要的事情。这些事情我会用我的钱，得到世界。prt2画外音阿尔伯特·米勒和多萝西·亚当斯，谁赢得了高达$ 40万美元的有许多选择，就如何度过他们的新财富。伟业我终于能够买得起一些医疗保险，所以......VoiceOver和你没有在此之前呢？伟业不，我没有，我的工作每天，我的成年生活的每一天。鲍勃，这是一个伟大的决定，购买医疗保险。他知道他的健康，重要的是他。重要的是他的家人的健康。他知道他的家庭很重要。所以这是一个很容易的决定。我的钱。我需要的健康保险。我打算买它。伟业配音现在可以买得起几乎任何他想要的。他买了一个日常用车，行无限的顶部。阿尔贝它的低调......这对我来说是低调车。画外音他的其他新不。这是一个特别版的劳斯莱斯。有少于两个这样在世界上十几个。干邑酒吧，十二缸发动机，以及一个平稳。阿尔贝你飞劳斯莱斯，你不开车的劳斯莱斯。所以，你知道，你只是飞沿。鲍勃，他决定买一辆车，是可行的，他可以每天使用。然后，他决定购买另一辆车，他知道是不实际的，这一直是他的幻想。这件事情，在某些方面，他总是想。和用钱的小乐趣，而他试图使这些决定是完全正常的事情画外音最后我们聊的时候，你说钻石。发生了什么事？多萝西嗯，我的钻石！画外音的大ones.Eleven克拉所有。鲍勃，我认为这是一个很甜蜜的事情。他有他的幻想，她有她的，并有钻石，是她一直想要的东西。画外音几周的重大胜利后，夫妇俩关闭了他们的餐厅，叫宾利的，现在他们有更多的时间去旅行，高尔夫和玩艇伟业只是bought.Still，很多是相同的。他们住在同一所房子，在同一街区，他们都长大了。艾伯特的儿子，我们尽量保持一切都非常像从前那样的相同。你知道，我们试图不要让金钱改变我们。第三节鲍勃·我们的文化，希望我们相信，如果我们不幸福，如果我们有更多的钱，我们将happy.And的研究表明，这只是不true.You仍然会唤醒了一个headache.You有些早晨还是会醒来坏mood.You'有时会与您的朋友sometimes.It仍然有打架不会使所有该better.Having更多的钱并不一定会改善你的人际关系质量的幸福，你确实有在您life.What钱，让我们能够更多choices.And作出明智的选择是什么会令我们高兴的。画外音尽管每个人的梦想成真，阿尔伯特仍然认为钱。伟业的资金压力不存在，但钱从哪里来，那么其他方面的压力，所以，你知道，我的意思是，你从来没有完全免费的东西，不用担心鲍勃·阿尔伯特是一个非常聪明的家伙。他明白，这些钱是要为他创造另一套问题。画外音我仍然think.most我们将艾伯特的任何一天交易我们的钱的问题。鲍勃·我想我们大多数人认为，我们在生活中的问题会得到解决，如果我们

31

有更多的钱。但我的建议是，不一定是让钱为我们提供了更多的选择，但它不会给我们幸福的答案。

Listening in Passage1

Presenter With me today is Tara Black,author of the History of Money.Tara,before we had money,we exchanged things,didn‘t we?

Tara Yes,that‘s right.In the Stone Age,people exchanged things like salt or cattle.But of course the problem is that the things you exchange don‘t last.And so money was introduced as a more permanent way of paying for things.And of couse,money‘s also a lot easier to use.You can carry it around with you very easily. Presenter So when did people start changing from exchanging goods to paying for things with money?

Tara Well,as far back as 5000BC,people in China and the Middle East were exchanging metals for goods. Presenter As long ago as that? Tara Yes.The first silver ingots… Presenter Silver bars?

Tara Yes-they appeared around 2200BC in Europe and were used as currency.Coins then appeared in Lydia around 700BC. Presenter Lydia?

Tara Lydia was a country in what‘s now known as Turkey.Then other countries followed their example and started producing them.A Greek coin,the drachma,became standard form of money in large of Aisa and Europe. Presenter And the first paper money?

Tara Paper money was first used in China around 960AD. Presenter It‘s always China,isn‘t it? Tara Quite often,yes.

Presenter So as well as being long-lasting and convenient,a big advantage of coins

and paper money is that they have a standard value.

Tara Yes.They‘ve what‘s known as representative money.Every coin or paper

note has a certain value that doesn‘t depend on the actual value of the paper or metal.

Presenter And how did banks start?

Tara Both the early Persians and tne Ancient Egyptians had storehouses

where they kept their country‘s grain- we ?re talking about 3000 BC. They exchanged the grain for promissory notes.This meant a written promise to pay back a sum of money to someone.Really,these storehouses can be seen as the first banks.

Presenter I see.

Tara So over a great many centuries banks became places where money was

deposited and lent.And they guaranteed that a note of a certain value could be exchanged for a certain amount of silver.

32

Presenter And then there was the gold standard,wasn‘t there?

Tara Yes,the gold standard was applied all over the world from 1870 to

1915,but it was slowly abandoned.

Presenter When did it become easier…

今天是我演示，作者历史Money.Tara，塔拉黑之前，我们有钱了，我们交换的东西，没有我们？

塔拉是，这是right.In石器时代，人们的问题是，你交换的东西不last.And因此货币作为支付的东西更持久的方式介绍类似盐或当然cattle.But的，交换事情。和淡然，钱也是要容易得多use.You可以随身带着它很容易。

主持人所以什么时候人们开始改变从交换货物支付的钱用的东西吗？ 塔拉好，早在5000BC，在中国和中东的人们对商品交换金属。 主持人由于不久前因为这？ 的塔拉Yes.The第一银元宝... 主持人银酒吧？

塔拉是他们在欧洲各地出现了2200BC，然后在丽迪雅出现约700BC currency.Coins使用。 主持人沈殿霞？

塔拉丽迪雅是一个国家在什么现在被称为Turkey.Then其他国家以他们为榜样，并开始生产them.A希腊的德拉克马硬币，成为大艾萨和欧洲标准的货币形式。 主持人和第一篇文章的钱吗？

塔拉纸币首次在中国使用960AD左右。 演示它总是中国，是不是？ 塔拉常常是。

主持人因此以及长期和方便，硬币和纸币的一大优势是，他们有一个标准值。 栅门同一路边塔拉什么作为的代表money.Every硬币或文件说明已经具有一定的价值，不依赖于纸张或金属的实际价值。 主持人和没有银行如何启动？

塔拉两个早期的波斯人和TNE古埃及人的仓库，在那里他们保持自己国家的粮食，我们再谈论公元前3000年。他们交换了为承兑notes.This的谷物意味着一个书面承诺，要回了一笔钱到someone.Really，这些仓库可以被看作是第一银行。

主持人我看到的。

塔拉因此成为一个伟大的许多世纪以来，银行的钱存放的地方，lent.And他们保证，一定值的注释，可以用于交换一定数量的银。 主持人和有金标准，是不是有吗？

塔拉是，黄金标准适用于从1870年到1915年的世界各地，但它慢慢地放弃了。 主持人什么时候变得更容易...

Passage 2

Speaker 1 As a student, you are probably living on a very limited amount of

money,so here are our top useful tips to help you make your money go further.

33

Speaker 2 One. Say no to credit cards! Bands may encourage you to use their cheap

credit card facilities where you buy now and pay later. It looks great but it‘s so easy to get into debt. If you do have a credit card, hide it and get it out only when you absolutely have on.

Speaker 1 Two. Look for bargains! You can look great in second-hand clothes and

you can find real bargins in second-hand shops and charity shops. Learn to love eBay and look there first rather than in shop windows. It could make all the difference.

Speaker 2 Three. Stick to a budget! Work out exactly how much you have coming

in each month and your necessary expenditure – what you absolutely must spend, like rent, bills and food before you look at your disposable income – this means what you‘ve got left for any extras and treats. Think first – do you really need that pair of shoes and can you afford to go to a restaurant this month?

Speaker 1 Four. Give up your bad habits (or at least keep them under control!) If

yo smoke, drink,buy expensive coffee or regularly eat out,giving it up or at least reducing the amount you spend on these things will save you more money than you‘d think.

Speaker 2 Five. Find ways to save money! If you go to the supermarket at the ehd

of the day you may find some fresh produce like meat and vegetables marked down in price. If you go to afternoon shows at the cinema or theatre you will save money while still going out and enjoying yourself.

Speaker 1 Six.Beg and borrow before you buy! If you need a book for an essay, has

anyone else got it?Try and borrow it rather than buy it.

Speaker 2 Seven.Pllan ahead!A lot of unnecessary spending occurs because

people fail to plan ahead and have to spend a lot of money at the last moment. Check your diary. When will you need those books for the essay you have to write in June? Can you borrow them now? Or you need to make a trip. Can you buy the ticket in advance rather than at the last moment at a higher price?

Speaker 1 The economical habits you develop now while you‘re at college will

help you in later life. Don‘t think ―I‘m poor and miserable‖ but instead tell yourself,‖I‘m developing a highly important life skill.‖And it‘s absolutely true.

1音箱，作为一名学生，你可能生活在非常有限的钱，所以这里是我们最有用的技巧来帮助你让你的钱去进一步。扬声器2之一。说没有信用卡！带可能会鼓励你使用他们的便宜信用卡设施，现在你在哪里买后付款。这看起来不错，但它很容易陷入债务。如果你有一张信用卡，它隐藏，只有当你完全有把它弄出来。喇叭1两。看看便宜货！你可以看看伟大的二手衣服二手店和慈善商店，你可以找到真正的bargins。学会爱，eBay和先看看那里，而不是在商店橱窗。它可以使所有的差异。扬声器2三。坚持预算！制定出到底你有多少每月的必要支出 - 你绝对必须花，像租金，票据和食品之前，你看看你的可支配收入 - 这意味着你得留下任何额外和对待。首先想到的 - 你真的需要那双鞋，你能承受，去餐馆

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吃饭，这个月吗？喇叭1四。放弃你的（或至少让他们控制之下！）坏习惯，如果哟烟，饮料，买昂贵的咖啡或经常在外面吃饭，放弃它，或者至少降低你在这些事情上花费的金额会为您节省更多的钱比你倒是觉得。扬声器2五。想方设法省钱！如果你走在EHD的一天，在超市，你会发现一些新鲜的农产品，如肉类和蔬菜价格下跌标志着。如果你在电影院或剧院表演下午您将节省的钱，同时还走出去，享受自己。扬声器1 Six.Beg和借钱之前，你买！如果你需要一本书的一篇文章，任何人都得到了什么？尝试和借鉴，而不是购买它。扬声器2 Seven.Pllan前进！很多不必要的开支，因为人们未能未雨绸缪，花了很多钱，在最后时刻发生。检查你的日记。当您将需要在6月份写的文章，你有这些书吗？现在你可以借用他们吗？或者你需要做一个行程。你可以提前购买，而不是在最后时刻以更高的价格的票？喇叭1经济的发展，现在当你在大学的习惯，将有助于你在以后的生活。不要以为“我是穷人和悲惨的”，而是告诉自己，“我发展的一个非常重要的生活技能。”这是绝对正确的。

Unit5 Gender studies Inside view Conversation 1

Andy I loved the question you asked Tim Pearson about the financial crisis. Janet well, I shouldn‘t have asked it. After all, he‘s an expert.

Andy there you go again, you‘re always putting yourself down. You don‘t know how to take a compliment.

Janet true, I never find it easy to accept praise. Do you think woman have been conditioned to accept criticism?

Andy Well, I think that‘s gender stereotyping .Do you think that men are good at accepting compliments?

Janet Well, they seem to be able to deal with criticism much better. Andy Don‘t you believe it!

Janet Anyway, thank you, I accept your compliment.

Andy Not only that, but I think you‘d make a really good TV presenter. Janet I‘m not so sure. I haven‘t seen many women in television here.

Andy Well, in the media in general, I can assure you that there are lots of women in presenting and management.

Janet Well, maybe, but I‘m Chinese as well. I don‘t think I‘ll be accepted as a presenter on a British TV program.

Andy Gender AND racial stereotyping. I mean, it depends on what job and sometimes where you work in London, of course, but generally, Londoners are proud of their multi-ethnic community. Especially the Chinese , because you cook great food!

Janet Now who‘s doing the stereotyping! But seriously, look at all these smart women walking to work. Are they all secretaries or managers?

Andy OK, it‘s a good point. I think that many women manage to get middle

35

management jobs in most professions. But it‘s true that a lot of them talk about the glass ceiling.

Janet What‘s the glass ceiling?

Andy It‘s the situation where a woman is successful in a company, but then she hits the glass ceiling-this invisible barrier which stops her going any higher in her career. 安迪：我爱你问蒂姆·皮尔逊金融危机的问题。珍妮特很好，我不应该问它。毕竟，他是一个专家。安迪在那儿你又来了，你总是把自己打倒。你不知道如何采取一种恭维。珍妮特的真实，我从来没有觉得很容易地接受赞美。你以为女人已经习惯于接受批评？安迪，我认为这是性别定型。你认为男人是善于接受赞美吗？珍妮特，他们似乎能够对付批评好得多。安迪你不相信它！珍妮特无论如何，谢谢你，我接受你的赞美。安迪不仅如此，但我认为你会做一个很好的电视节目主持人。珍妮特，我不敢肯定。我还没有看到电视中的许多妇女在这里。安迪好了，在一般的媒体，我可以向你保证，有许多妇女在展示和管理。珍妮特·嗯，也许，但我是中国人以及。我不认为我会接受作为一个在英国电视节目主持人。安迪性别和种族成见。我的意思是，它依赖于什么工作，有时你在伦敦工作，当然，但一般来说，伦敦是他们的多种族社会而自豪。尤其是中国，因为你煮美味的食物！珍妮特现在谁做的刻板印象！但严重的是，在所有这些聪明的女性步行上班。他们是所有秘书或经理吗？安迪确定，这是一个好点。我认为许多妇女的管理，以得到最专业的中层管理人员的工作。但它是真实的，他们中的很多谈论“玻璃天花板”。珍妮特·什么是“玻璃天花板”？安迪这是一个女人在一个公司的成功的情况，但后来她碰到玻璃天花板“，这无形的屏障，停止她在她的职业生涯任何更高。

Conversation 2

Janet So what do you think causes the glass ceiling?

Andy It‘s partly prejudice by men about women‘s abilities in management. But it‘s also when women take time off to have children, they don‘t always recover the same power when they return to work. Janet It‘s not fair.

Andy You‘re right, it‘s not fair. I read here that only five to ten per cent of the top companies in America and British are run by women.

Janet That‘s extraordinary ! In China there appears to be more women in top jobs, but I may be wrong.

Andy And look, here are some more statistics. About 60 percent of university graduates in Europ and North America are women.

Janet So the percentage of women in the total workforce is growing.

Andy You got it! But women in the UK are in a slight majority-there are more women than men.

Janet Do you think it‘s especially bad in the UK, and in London especially?

Andy Not really. Some jobs which were traditionally done by women, like nursing, are now also done by men, and there are traditional job‘s, like engineering, which are done by women. And there are plenty of women‘s football teams! Janet Women‘s football! We have women‘s football in China too.

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Andy Mind you, their matches don't get many spectators! Janet I give up. What else has changed?

Andy I think father spend more quality time with their children today. But I bet you it‘s still the women who spend most time looking after the children and the home. Janet I guess that‘s true everywhere.

Andy Anyway, I‘m going home to watch the match on TV. The local women‘s

team, of course.

Janet It‘s typical of you men! You always bring it back to football!

Andy And that‘s typical of you women! You always bring it back to gender

stereotyping.

珍妮特那么你认为造成“玻璃天花板”？

安迪这部分损害有关妇女在管理方面的能力的男人。但它也当妇女需要时间要孩子，他们总是不恢复相同的功率，当他们重返工作岗位。 珍妮特这是不公平的。 安迪你说得对，这是不公平的。我读到这里只有五到在美国和英国的顶尖企业的百分之十是由妇女经营。

珍妮特·那非凡的！在中国似乎有更多的妇女在高层职位，但我可能是错误的。 安迪和看看，这里有一些更多的统计数据。 EUROP和北美的大学毕业生中，约有60％是妇女。

珍妮特因此，妇女在劳动力总量的百分比增长。

安迪，你得到它！但在英国的妇女是在微弱多数，有女性多于男性。 珍妮特·不要认为这是在英国，尤其是坏，尤其是在伦敦吗？

安迪不是真的。一些传统上由妇女完成的工作，像护士，现在也做了男子，并有传统的工作，如工程，这是由妇女完成。并有大量的妇女的足球队！ 珍妮特·女子足球！我们有过妇女在中国足球。 安迪提醒你，他们的比赛没有得到许多观众！ 珍妮特·我放弃了。什么改变了呢？

安迪：我认为父亲与子女更优质的今天。但我敢打赌，你仍然是花费大部分时间照顾孩子和家庭的妇女。

珍妮特·我想这是真的无处不在。

安迪无论如何，我要回家在电视上观看比赛。当地妇女的队伍，当然。 珍妮特这是你们男人的典型！你总是把它带回来的足球！ 安迪和那是你们女人的典型！你总是把它带回性别定型。

Outside view

In South Korea, women are participating more in the economic and political

sectors than they were a decade ago.

But career aspirations for female students in South Korea still tend to be based on the

traditional division of gender roles. They are accustomed to thinking of such jobs as teaching and nursing, whilst their male counterparts aim to

become scientists and judges.

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Many of these young women are aware that if they want to be independent they

need to train so they can have their own source of income.

―In the previous generation, women did not have the right to speak, because

they did not have their own financial support. Therefore, our generation of women must work to be financially independent.‖ The growth in the number of women who work has caused the typical Soutn Korean household to change. For example, there are more women living alone. This is because the they can make their own money rather than depend on a man to support them.

There has also been a rapid rise in the number of families in which both parents work. Married women increasingly want to participate in society but they need to balance family life and work.

―After marriage, we all struggle with how to take care of our children and work.‖ The introduction of day care centres at

some work places, such as the Chohung Bank, has helped to make it possible for mothers to work.

Whilst there women are at work, their children are in the day care centre. There they are usually very well looked after, receiving a balanced diet, playing lots of game and doing plenty of exercise.

Day care centres are increasingly popular all across the world because they enable parents to work. Women employees at Chohung bank find it a big help, although the system is far from perfect.

―So far, my children have been well taken care of by our day care centre. However, it will be difficult when my children go to elementary school because I often have to work late. Who will take care of them? Our family recently decided to live together with our grandparents who might be able to take care of my children. Mothers also face other problems when they go to work. Women have traditionally been responsible for raising their children and often feel a strong sense of guilt when they put their children into day care. Some worry that it will have a negative impact on their children and that they may fail as a parent.

On top of this, South Korean women often end up being less well paid than men with the same education.

―Korean women‘s status in the labour market has not been much improved in spite of a continuing rise in their presence in the labour force and the level of their education. The majority of working women are still crowded in low status job; many of which are found in the secondary market.‖ So there are still lots of issues facing women going to work- they are still having to choose between their families and their careers. What can be done to ensure that women are rewarded for their valuable contribution to the working world?

在韩国，妇女参与经济和政治领域超过10年前。

但在韩国女学生的职业生涯的愿望仍然倾向于传统的性别角色分工的基础。他们习惯于思考教学和护理等工作，而她们的男性同行的目的 成为科学家和法官。

这些年轻的女性，许多人都知道，如果他们想独立，他们需要培训，使他们

38

可以有他们自己的收入来源。

“在上一代，妇女没有发言权，因为他们没有自己的金融支持。因此，我们一代的女性必须工作在财政上独立。“中的妇女工作所造成的典型的Soutn韩国家庭改变数量的增长。例如，有更多的妇女独居。这是因为他们可以使自己的钱，而不是依赖于一个人支持他们。

同时也出现了在家庭中父母双方的工作数量的迅速崛起。已婚妇女越来越多地参与社会，但他们需要平衡家庭生活和工作。 “结婚后，我们所有的奋斗，如何照顾 我们的孩子和工作。“日间护理中心介绍

一些工作场所，如朝兴银行，有助于使人们有可能对母亲的工作。

虽然有妇女在工作，他们的孩子在日间护理中心。在那里，他们通常是很好的照顾，接收均衡的饮食，很多玩游戏和做大量的运动。

日间护理中心都在世界各地越来越受欢迎，因为它们使家长工作。朝兴银行女性员工觉得这是一个很大的帮助，虽然该系统是远远不够完善。

“到目前为止，我的孩子们已经很好的照顾我们的日间护理中心。然而，这将是困难的，当我的孩子去上小学，因为我经常工作到很晚。谁将照顾他们呢？我们家最近决定与我们的祖父母，他们也许能够采取照顾我的孩子一起生活。 母亲还面临着其他问题，当他们去上班。妇女传统上一直负责抚养子女，并经常感到强烈的愧疚感，当他们把他们的孩子日托。有些人担心，这将有一个作为父母对自己的孩子的负面影响，他们可能会失败。

在此之上，韩国妇女往往最终被不如男性相同的教育支付。

“韩国妇女在劳动力市场中的地位没有受到很大的改善，尽管在他们的存在持续上升的劳动力和他们的教育水平。广大劳动妇女仍然拥挤在低地位的工作，其中有许多是在二级市场上发现“，因此，仍有大量的妇女所面临的工作，他们仍然有他们的家庭和事业之间选择的问题。有什么可以做，以确保妇女工作的宝贵贡献奖励？

Listening in Passage 1

Presenter Has feminism gone too far in the way men are shown in advertisements?

Do you think there are too many ads now in which men are shown as stupid or weak?

Speaker 1 Definitely, yes. I can think of three ads right now where men are shown

as stupid. The one that annoys me most is the one where this guy is doing this DIY job and he‘s no good at it, and his girlfriend is standing by waiting to do the job herself. Fine, if it was one ad, but it‘s not, it‘s a whole attitude now to men, It‘s not good for us, it‘s not good for women either.

Speaker2 Um, well, yes, I do feel that feminism has gone too far. I mean, great,

women have made a lot of progress in the last 40 years, but it shouldn‘t

39

mean we treat men as inferior, which is what we see in quite a few ads these days. So no,I don‘t really like the way men are portrayed in advertisements.

Speaker 3 Has feminism gone too far in advertisements? No way! Feminism has only

just begun,there‘s no real equality of pay in this country, men still have all the top jobs.Women continue to be shown as objects in ads rather than as real people, and until that stops I really don‘t think we can say that feminism has gone too far. I agree that in advertisements these days men aren‘t always shown as supermasculine, but that‘s good and much nearer the truth.

Sperker 4 Ads are about selling and I guess selling the idea that men are weak

makes people laugh. And if people laugh at an ad they‘re more likely to remember it and therefore more likely to buy the product. But on the whole, I‘d disagree. I think men are still shown driving expensive cars and working, you know, looking powerful. Then coming home to their wives who look after the children.

Speaker 5 Well I find the way men are shown in ads annoying.There‘s that one

where this woman is angry with her partner for his choice of car insurance. The idea is that she‘s smart and he‘s dumb.

Speaker 6 I‘ve never really thought about it. I think it‘s just to make people luagh,

isn‘t it? To show the guy as a bit of an idiot and the woman as the boss. It‘s just a joke.I don‘t really know much about much about feminism.I don‘t think so,no.

主持人有女权主义的男子在广告中所示的方式走得太远？你觉得有太多的广告现在在哪个男人是愚蠢或弱？

喇叭1肯定，肯定的。我能想到现在男人愚蠢显示三个广告。我最苦恼的是，这家伙是这样做的DIY工作，他是没有好，和他的女朋友站在等待自己做的工作。罚款，如果它是一个广告，但它不是，它是一个整体的态度，现在的男人，这不是对我们有好处，这不是为妇女好。

speaker2嗯，嗯，是的，我觉得女权主义已经走得太远了。我的意思是，大，妇女在过去40年来取得了很大的进步，但它并不意味着我们当作劣质的男子，这是我们在相当多的广告看到这些天。因此，没有，我不很喜欢的男子在广告中描绘的方式。

议长3已经走得太远，在广告中的女性主义？没办法！女权运动才刚刚开始，在这个国家的薪酬有没有真正的平等，男性仍然有所有的顶级jobs.Women继续在广告中的对象，而不是真正的人，直到停止，我真的不认为我们可以说，女权主义已经走得太远了。我同意，在广告中，这些天男人并不总是显示为supermasculine，但是，那好，更接近真理。

sperker 4广告，销售，我想卖的想法，男人是弱势让人笑。 ，如果人们嘲笑的广告，他们更容易记住，因此更有可能购买产品。但就整体而言，我不同意。我觉得男人仍然显示驾驶昂贵的汽车和工作，你知道，寻找强大的。然后回家看后的孩子他们的妻子。

扬声器5嗯，我觉得男人在广告中所示annoying.There的方式，这个女人与她的合作伙伴为他选择汽车保险的愤怒。我们的想法是，她很聪明，他是哑巴。

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电视机，电脑，家具和在南安普敦货柜码头toys.here，他们卸载超过一个半万个集装箱，每个years.so海仍然起着非常重要的一部分 - 生活英国。

Listening in Passage1

Just as Chinese children learn about the emperors of China,English children learn about Englands history through its kings and queens.there have been many more kings than queens but one of the greatest and most loved rulers of England was a woman,Queen Elizabeth I.during her reign in the second half of the 16th centuryElizabeth made England rich from international trade and also defeated one of the most frightening invasions England ever faved.

Elizabeth Father,King henry VIII,had six wives he divorced two of them and execute two.Elizabeths mother ,Queen Anne boleyn ,was henrys second wife and one of those whom he execute,when Elizabeth was three years old.

Elizabeth,who was born in 1533,was very intelligent talented,and, education.however,for much of her early life she was afraid that she would be execute like her mother.but after the death of her halfbrother and half sister,she become Queen in 1588 at the age of 25.all the rulers of Europe wanted to marry her and Elizabeths advisors also wanted her to marry and have a son.but Elizabeth never did ,because she was afraid a husband would try to control her.

one of Elizabeths greatest problem Was her Cousin,Mary,Queen of Scots.Mary believed she should have been ruler of England. believing that her Cousin was a danger to her as long as she remained alive,Elizabeth imprisoned Mary in 1568 and finally execute her in 1587.

theKing of Spain,Philip II had once wanted to marry Elizabeth but the two countries then became enemies .Mary,Queen of scots shared the same religion as Philip,and her death gave the King an excuse to go to War with England,At the.same time Spain was the most powerful country in Europe and in 1558 Philip assembled a huge.navy called the Spanish armada.it sailed for England with the intention of invading it.Queen Elizabeth made a famous speech to her soldiers,in which she said. i konw i have the body of a weak and feeble woman,but i have the heart and stomach of a King ,and of a King of England too .the Spanish armada was defeated.

by the time she died in 1603,Elizabeth was ruler of one of the most powerful and richest countries in the world.

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正如中国孩子了解中国的皇帝，少儿英语学习Englands历史通过其国王和queens.there的的多了很多比王后的国王，但英国最大和最喜爱的统治者之一，是一个女人，英国女王伊丽莎白一世她在下半年的16 centuryElizabeth的统治期间，从国际贸易中击败英格兰丰富，也最可怕的入侵英国有史以来faved之一。国王亨利八世，伊丽莎白的父亲，有六个妻子，他离婚两年执行two.Elizabeths母亲，英国女王安妮·博林，亨利的第二任妻子和他的执行，当伊丽莎白三岁之一。伊丽莎白，谁是在1533年出生，是非常聪明有才华，并education.however，她早期的生活，她害怕，她将像她mother.but执行她halfbrother和同父异母的妹妹去世后，她成为在1588年女王25.all年龄在欧洲的统治者想和她结婚，伊丽莎白顾问也想向她求婚，并有1 son.but伊丽莎白从来没有，因为她怕丈夫会尽量控制自己的。伊丽莎白的最大问题之一是她的表哥，玛丽，对Scots.Mary女王认为她应该是英格兰的统治者。相信她的堂兄她只要是一个危险的，因为她仍然活着，伊丽莎白被囚禁在1568年玛丽和她终于在1587年执行。theKing，西班牙的菲利普二世曾经想嫁给伊丽莎白，但两国成为敌人。苏格兰女王玛丽，共享相同的宗教，如菲利普，她的死给了一个借口去打仗，在与英格兰的国王。同时，西班牙是欧洲最强大的国家，并在1558年，菲利普组装称为西班牙armada.it 1 huge.navy航行英国打算，入侵it.Queen伊丽莎白提出了著名的演说，她的士兵，她说。我所知道的，我有一个薄弱和软弱的女人的身体，但我有一个国王的心脏和胃，一个英国国王。西班牙无敌舰队被击败。她在1603年去世的时候，伊丽莎白是统治者在世界上最强大和最富有的国家之一

Passage2

Presenter

Nature disaster happen everywhere in the world and more of the most famous.

natural disasters is the volcanic that destroyed ompeii,a town in thesouth of Italy,almost 2,000years ago.I'm with me is Rebecca Young,a guid to the town.She's going to tell more about what happened on that terrible day So,what did happen,Rebecca?

Rebecca Well -turn around -what do you see?

Presenter A mountain,a smoking mountain ,it must be the volcano, Vesuvius.So is it still active?

Rebecca Yes,it could erupt again. And almost 2.000 years ago on August 24th,in AD79,that volcano suddenly erupted. People weren't expecting it, they were just doing what they normally do, walking through he streets, buying food at the market. And suddenly, there was this terrible noise and huge rocks and hot ash started raining down on the town. Lava was pouring down the mountain and - people died where they stood. Look over there. What do you see? Presenter A man and woman, lying with their arms around each other, And what's this man doing with his hands? Is he praying or something?

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Rebecca Yes, he was praying?

Presenter They look so real! How long did the eruption last?

Rebecca Two days. And by the time it had finished, the city had completely disappeared, buried by ten meters of ash.And everyone forgot about it. Presenter So when was it discovered again?

Rebecca Not until 1748.People started excavating and they found Pompeii again.The ash had preserved it and everything exactly as it was on that day in AD 79.There was a forum,four public baths,26public fountains? Presenter Twenty-six public fountains? Rebecca Yes! Two theaters,a hotel?? Presenter A hotel?

Rebecca Yes.Let's go into this house here.This is the entrance courtyard. Presenter What kind of person owned it?

Rebecca There two owners - they had a small business. Look at the floor.Can you see some kind of writing?

Presenter Yes. So what does it say?

Rebecca It says,\Presenter \

Rebecca I'm going to take you to another hose, belonging to a wealthy man this time.

Presenter All these beautiful paintings on the walls!

Rebecca Yes,they covered their walls with these frescoes, which is wonderful for archaeologists. Look at this woman. Isn't she beautiful? Presenter Yes! What's she holding?

Rebecca We think it was a mirror although we haven't had?

主持人自然灾害的发生无处不在世界上最有名的。自然灾害的火山摧毁ompeii的，在意大利thesouth镇，近2000年的状态：离开与我的米丽贝卡年轻，一个GUID的town.She的打算告诉那可怕的一天发生了什么事，什么发生，丽贝卡？丽贝卡好调头，你看到了什么？演示一座山，烟山，它必须是火山，Vesuvius.So它仍然是积极的吗？丽贝卡是，它可能再次爆发。和几乎2.000年前的8月24日，在AD79，该火山突然爆发。人没想到，他们只是在做他们通常做什么，通过他的街道行走，在市场上购买食品。突然，有这种可怕的噪音和巨大的岩石和滚烫的火山灰镇开始下雨。熔岩被倾泻而下，山 - 人死亡，他们站立的地方。你看那边。你看到了什么？演示一个男人和女人，他们的胳膊躺在彼此附近，有什么人用双手做？是他祈祷什么呢？丽贝卡是的，他祈祷？主讲人，他们看起来如此真实！多久？最后喷发？丽贝卡两个天。和它已经完成的时间，全市已完全消失了，大家都忘记了它10米ash.And埋葬。演示因此，当它再次发现？丽贝卡不，直到1748.People开始挖掘，他们发现庞贝的again.The灰保留这一切，这一天正是因为它是在公元79.There是一个论坛，4个公共浴池，喷泉26public主讲二十六个公共喷泉吗？丽贝卡是的！两个剧院，酒店......演示一个酒店？丽贝卡Yes.Let的进入这所房子在这里。是入口庭院。主讲人是什么样的人拥有它吗？瑞贝卡有两个业主 - 他们有一个小的业务。看看你看到某种写作的floor.Can？主讲人是。因此，它说什么了？瑞贝卡说，“欢迎钱。”在拉丁美洲，当然。主持人：“欢迎，钱。”这是美妙的呢？瑞贝卡，我要带你到另一个软管，属于一个富有的人这一次。演示所有这些美丽的画作，在墙壁上！丽贝卡是，他们覆盖着这些壁画的墙壁，这是考古学家精彩。看看

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这个女人。她不漂亮吗？主讲人是！她抱着什么？瑞贝卡我们认为它是一面镜子，虽然我们还没有...

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