电力系统职称英语题库

单项选择

1. pumps are widely used in coal-fired power palnt to transport carious liquids 。 2. what magnificent the Changjiang Bridge is!

3. “Welcome to Beijing‖, Mr. Li said to the foreign friends.

4. Whatever you decide to take up, you should try to make it a success.

5. thanks to his expert driving,we reached the airport on time,despite the heavy traffic. 6. given their inexperience,they’ve done a good job. 7. What is the price of that t-shirt.

8. An average Japanese has 30.6 square meters living space. 9. By way of an excuse he said he was tired.

10. Considering his age, he is unable to take the job. 11. Contrary to your prediction, they lost the game. 12. “Enjoy yourselves, children,‖ Mother urged the guests at out party. 13. Followed by his students, the teacher entered the classroom.

14. For all his knowledge and academic background, he is basically stupid. 15. For what reason did she quarrel with you ?

16. Far from admiring his paintings, I dislike them intensely. 17. Grown-ups should be responsible for their own behavior. 18. Hundreds of students attended the party last night. 19. 9. It seems that he has formed a good idea. 20. Look after the children for me while I’m out.

21. Look back into history, and we’ll see Chinese people have achieved a great deal 22. Take it easy, we have got plenty of time and money.

23. Seeing that nobody was very enthusiastic about it, they decided to cancel the trip. 24. Since you have to stay home, why don’t you do some shopping? 25. To be honest , I didn’t agree with what you said. 26. Take your time. There is no hurry at all. 27. The rains have started early this summer. 28. Whatever you decide to take up, you should try to make it a success.

29. There’s something wrong with the thermometer. Don’t worry . I’ll make it work 。 30. Now people can learn huge amounts of information from the computer。 31. The expeart you saw at the liaison meeting is a friend of mine 。

32. You have worked more carefully this week, for there are few mistakes in your calculation 。 33. Although the three workers got very tired in repairing the boiler, none of them would give it up。34. Now computers can work out problems much faster than human beings。 35. There is too much cream on the cake。

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36. Don’t worry. It is not difficult for us to treat the fault。

37. Ms,Chang doesn’t look well today . What is wrong with her?

38. I’d like to lend you my electrical engineering handbook, but you’d better not lend it to others。 39. I think English is quite different from Chinese。

40. — Excuse me, is this the way to Shanghai power Company?

— No, I’m afraid it isn’t 。 You’ve got the wrong road。 41. —Can you tell me where Shanghai power Company is?

—sure, go down the street and turn left at the first crossing。 42. My wife is always busy with the housework 。 43. Engineer Zhou has learned English for five years 。 44. It is true that light travels faster than sound 。

45. The old man was so exited that he could hardly believe his eyes. The underlined part mesns almost not 。

46. —How can I get to your office?

—You can take a taxi instead of walking there 。

47. Technicians are interested in the interesting introduction of advanced technology 。 48. Would you mind me using your calculator for a while?

49. The thermocouple thermometers are used for temperature measurement 。

50. When we run a plastic comb through our dry hair the comb and the hair may have static electricity 。 51. Do not touch anything that runs electricity with your wet hands。 52. The sun is one of thousands of stars in the sky。

53. The equipment in substations protecting against direct thunder strikes is called lightning arrestor 。 54. The power transformer is used to change the voltage of the power grid for the purpose of power

transmission 。

55. According to distribution equipment location ,it can be divided into indoor power distribution

equipment and outdoor ones 。

56. The control panel of the steam turbine must be kept cleam every day 。

57. In respect of environment protection the emission of dust, NO×，SO×etc must be limited。 1. Mr. Chen missed the bus, so he failed to get to his office on time. The underlined part means wasn’t able to. 2. Last night I didn’t leave the laboratory until the test ended. 4. It’ s important for us to keep the air clean. 5. This hydraulic power station was built 50 years ago. 6. I’ll visit my friend and stay with him for some time next week. 7. The coordination meeting for the transmission line construction is held once a week. 8. By the year 2000, the had worked in the power station for twenty years . 9. Next week I will fly to U.S.A to attend an important meeting. 11. There have been great changes in Shanghai since 1978. 12. The government didn’t allow them to build that factory so as not to make the water dirty. 13. Many problems were talked about yesterday.

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14. He left his mobile phone in the meeting room yesterday. 15. All the desks in the room are covered with dust. 16. From then on, she was never late for going to office. The underlined part means after that. 17. Look at the lady at the door, could you tell me who she is? 18. Which is heavier, iron of copper? 19. China is famous for the great wall. 20. This chimney is as high as that one. 21.You are not allowed to fly kite near the power line, It’s dangerous. 22. The instrumental panel of the generator must be kept clean every day. 23. The power plant was built in 1990. 24. The repairing of the switchgear must be finished in two hours. 25. The steam turbine parameters should match with that of the boiler. 26. A generator is a machine to convert mechanical energy into electric energy. 27. In the past decade, the installed capacity of generating units in China has been doubled. 28. A co-generation power plant not only generates electricity but also supplies steam to heat users. 29. The basic types of heat transfer is conduction, convection an radiation. 30. In centigrade temperature scale, the ice point water is defined as 0℃ , the boiling point is 100℃. 1. You have only 100 words in which to sum up his speech. 2. The jury must weigh the evidence before they reach a verdcict. 3. Scientists have spent years reserarching into the effects of certain chemicals on the human brain with no result.

4. The firm will have to stop up production if it is to defeat its competitors. 5. You’ll never finish that job unless you forget everything else and get down to it. 6. The American company whose chemical factory in India exploded will have to compensate for the loss of human lives.

7. Many new opportunities will be opened up in the future for those with a university education. 8. The manager promised to keep me informed of how our business was going on. 9. John regretted not going to the meeting last week. 10. The above mentioned reactions are bound to proceed smoothly. 11. The meeting drew to a close late in the afternoon. 12. the meeting broke up at midnight and we all went home. 13. From his appearance we may safely conclude that he is heavy smoker. 14. Someone must have left the tap on, for the water was running over and flooding the bath0room. 15. We plant and care for trees in proportion the many benefits they give us. 16. I am tired of your stupid conversation. 17. The appearance of the book has marked a new era in the history of the question. 18. The shopkeeper is facing fierce competition from supermarkets. 19. They are building the railway in association with another company. 20. I found the little boy sitting on the steps, crying bitterly. 21. The students will put off the outing until next week, when they won’t be so busy.

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22. In his speech he referred to the great help that the club received from supporters. 23. Carbon is an element, while carbon dioxide is a compound. 24. When I arrived in this country, I had to start learning the language from scratch. 25. After being rescued from the wrecked ship, the people agred that they had much to be thankful for. 1.

2. accuracy is fundamental to the programming of computers. 3. although the family trusted her,she let them down badly. 4. before moving to another city,Brenda disposed of the house and the furniture. 5. Egypt is famous for the nile river .so we often associate Egypt with the nile. 6. under certain conditions of stress,some people reveal qualities they had never known they possessed. 7. I had to stand in a queue for four hours to get tickets for the film. 8. I gave him a present but he gave me nothing in return. 9.

10. I’ve a nice little sum of money put aside for a rainy day. 11. I promise you shall see her again before long. 12.

13. it’s up to us to give her all the help we can. 14. it is not easy to rid o neself of a bad habit. 15. it is reported that approximately over 1000 factories……. 16. it was so hot that the workmen just marked time. 17.

18. jack almost fell off the cliff,but managed to hang on until help came. 19. can we hold out for another day without water. 20. good work deserves good pay.

21. he came to inspect the house with a view to buying it . 22. he decided to attend the conference in person. 23. he didn’t live up to what had been expected of him. 24. he did it out of gratitude for all she had done for him.

25. he has kept up a correspondence with his friend in new york for over a year now.

26. he intends to replace the secretary he has dismissed by a less glamorous but rather more efficient one. 27. he made up his mind not to speak a word. 28. he supplies them with food and clothing. 29. he was finally convinced after a heated debate.

30. he was saving as much as possible in order to repay jennie eventually. 31. his job was to sort out the good apples…… 32. john comes to visit me every now and then. 33. people had lined up in front of the theater.

34. teaching as a career appeals to many people because of the long holidays. 35. the building was named ford hall in memory of a man named james ford.

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36. the children were eagely looking forward to the party. 37. the company puts out 13 new machines every month. 38.

39. the department is fortunate in having the most up-to-date…… 40. the story the film based on derived from an old legend. 41. the vice-president talked ay the meeting in place of the president ,because the president was sick. 42. This is the very factory I worked in ten years ago. 43. tomato soup that is usually sold at twelve cents a can is now on sale for ten cents. 44. you can rub out pencil marks by rubbing them with a rubber.

45. you may think you can get away with neglecting your responsibilities,but events will pay you back. 46. we reached the station too late ,just as the train was pulling out. 47. montanelli took no part in the diacussion.

48. my father was born in germany and still speaks English with a german accent. 49. my golf is not too good just now.i’ve been busy and I’m out of practice. 50. one of oue water pipes has burst.we must send for the plumber.

51. American school children should learn lincoln’s Gettysburg address by heart. 52. as winter gave way to spring the days began to lengthen. 53. Although many young people are keen on going ab road, he prefers to stay and work in his own country 54. The orange is too high on the tree. It’s out of my reach .I need someone to help me. 55. the town erected a monument to its heroes who had lost their lives during the war. 56. the government has a very bad image because it continues……. 57. The high school graduated 300 students this summer. 58. roger gave me some beautiful Japanese stamps in exchange for two sets of 1968 british special issues.

59. A baby learns to creep before it learns to walk. 60. I don’t know how I’d react to a situation like the one you have described. 61. our principal has already placed an order with the …… 62. you are really running a risk to drive at such a high speed.

63. we tried to confine our conversation to arguments relevant to the topic. 64. when he writes,he always keeps a dictionary at hand.

65. When Tom was doing his French translation, he left blanks for all the words he did not know. 66. when the king appeared in the crowd,the people cheered and made away for him.

67. The soldier was badly hurt.

68. the judge sentenced the burglar to two year’s imprisonment. 69. the glass will crack if you pour boiling water into it. 70. If mary is aware of all the dangers,she should change her mind.

71. He hurried to the railway atetion in the hope of catching the early train. 72. her deeds are worthy of being praised. 73. The students failed in the experiment again ,but they didn’t lose heart. 74. Have you heard about mr.johnson? yes,I heard about him in a newspaper.

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75. She likes wearing boots at home,for they are very comfortable. 76. That is a building about thirty feet high . 77. The plane was arriving in half an hour.

78. How about staying at home if we meet with a stormy day?

79. If you were in my position,you would have some idea how I feel. 80. it isn’t much a car,but at any rate a pound since it was not expensive. 81. There were quantities of rain last year. 82. Poor quality goods won’t sell easily. 83. Don’t quarrel about amall things .

84. No one questioned his theory for almost 800 years.

85. There are quite a few new magazines and books in the bookstore.

86. our ship sailed through the strait between the two islands and went straight to rome without ataying in paris.

87. Although her marriage was very unhappy, Mrs. Stephens remained with her husband for the sake of the children.

1. American blacks were denied equal rights with the whites until the 1970s after many years of hard

struggle.

88. After my mother finished cleaning up the house, she went on read today’s newspaper. 2 . Although my friends disliked Jenny, I insisted on her coming with us. 89. Although she was disabled when she was only six years of age, yet she aimed high, for which her

friends spoke highly of her. 90. After the lecture, the students participating in it had a heated discussion on it. 91. All those expensive shoes are made by hand. 92. Anybody who has broken the law won’t escape being punished. 2. As a result, he succeeded reaching the castle but failed to find the way to enter it. 3. As a result of the neglect of all safety rules, the workers were exposed to considerable

danger.

4. As they crossed Broadway, he came face to face with a new problem. 5. After Tom passed his driving test he filled out an application for his driver’s license. 6. Apart from blue eyes, blonde hair is also characteristic of Swedish people. 7. As soon as his party came into power , he changed the law. 8. A dog was run over by a bus and killed.

9. Anything that is dropped falls towards the centre of the earth because of the pull of gravity. 10. A really powerful speaker can work up the feeling of the crowd to a fever of excitement. 11. An argument was inevitable because they disliked each other so much. 12. A(n) desperate man will stop at nothing to get what he wants. 13. After flying across the Atlantic, Charles Lindbergh became famous overnight. 14. All the workers in the factory are provided with protective hats. 15. Baby-sitting is part of an off-camp job. 16. But, because Barbary is all that matters to me for the time, I don’t suggest going away.

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17. Because he stammered slightly, the other boys made fun of him. 5 By improving his learning habits a（n）average student can be a top one. 18. Children are very curious by nature.

19. Camping facilities include a tent, a sleeping bag, a rucksack, a stove, and so on. 20. Can you run off 200 copies of this notice before the post goes? 21. Candidates who wish to withdraw from the examination must notify the secretary

immediately.

22. Can you tell me who can best handle the problem? 23. Chinese brown medicine has little side effect. 24. Do you enjoy reading about the adventures of the great explorer in the African forests? 25. Despite all the heated arguments they had, they remained the best of friends throughout their lives. 1. 8 Don’t quarrel about small things. 8 .Do you like these shoes? ---No, show me some other

2. Don’t eat anything that will spoil your appetite for dinner. 3. Don’t judge a crime until you know all the circumstances. 4. Do you enjoy listening to records? I find records ate often as good as or better than an actual

performance.

1. Do you know when and where the sports meeting was to be held. 2. Don’t make fun of her, John. Can’t you see she is in tears? 26. Einstein was a mathematical genius 27. Everyone seemed to turn a blind eye to the rubbish on the floor. 28. Every evening after supper, my parents would go out for a walk. 29. Every government that refuses to meet the needs of its people must accept the consequences. 30. The infected girl was isolated from the rest of the family. 31. Failure to communicate resulted in the high divorce rate. 32. From his appearance we may safely conclude that he is a heavy smoker. 33. Five years ago the pox wiped out the population of the island. 34. First the curtain caught fire and then the bedclothes. 35. For almost an hour the workers were just hanging about waiting for materials to arrive. 36. Fruit in best and cheapest when it is in season. 37. George left in such a hurry that I hardly had time to thank him. 38. He is always kind, never cruel, either to people or to animals. 39. He slipped and broke his leg. As a result he would have to away from school for two weeks. 40. he has been studying the problem in his study for a long time 41. He was very near-sighted, almost helpless without glasses. 42. He said the situation there was not so bad as had been painted. 43. he touched on many points without enlarging on any of them . 44. He said it in such clear terms that nobody was in any doubt about what was meant. 45. His business is growing so fast that he must take on more workers.

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46. He is the manger of the company. He’a in charge on it. 47. He said he had every confidence in his secretary; she would do the right thing. 48.

49. His failure to pay his debts confirmed their suspicion that he was not to be trusted. 50. Her husband wasn’t content with what he gained and wanted to get more. 51. Handwriting is how you present yourself on paper. 52. His heart stopped beating just when we reached the hospital 53. His parents couldn’t get through to him on the telephone, so they decided to go to his school and see what's wrong.

54. His ambition had always been to become an architect. 55. Look!the flowers in the garden are growing lovely.

-How I wish I had a small piece of ground when I could plant some flowers of my own 56. How can I have put on a pound since yesterday?i’ve eaten nothing! 5. His father paved the way for him to climb to the top. 6. He read a book on the plane to while away the time. 7. He has a peculiar habit of biting his lips when he is puzzled. 8. Her family sympathized with her desire to be a lawyer. 9. His honesty is out of question: nobody can doubt it.

10. He was very ill but a good doctor and careful nursing brought him through. 11. He is said to be generous with his money.

12. He considers himself a great singer, and in a way he is justified. 13. He restricts himself to smoking two cigarettes a day.

14. He is an expert at making himself understood in foreign languages. 15. He shot at the bird, but it flew away. 16. His fatness renders him unable to touch his toes. 17. He’s taken to drink and never does a stroke of work. 18. His failure in the examination is fatal to the plan. 19. He was only too willing to accept the proposal. 20. Her father flew into a passion when he learned that she wanted to get married before she graduated from the university.

21. How abut staying at home if we meet with a stormy day? 22. He rose early the next day , finding the river had risen one foot. 23. He shows no respect for at this rules. 24. ---How about Jim? ----He came home with safety. 1. He left out an important detail in his report of the accident.

2. Harris turned a page to two and the title of a poem caught his eye. 3. He is always respectful to older people.

25. He had hoped to get ＄120 for his old bike but had to settle for ＄100 26. How is Mary getting on with her study? 27. His father is very busy every day. He can’t help complaining of the rapid pace of modern life.

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28. He is the best candidate to carry out the plan. 3. His energetic efforts met with only partial success. 4. He’s a nice person, to be sure, but not very competent as a manager. 5. How can you avoid mistakes when you’re in such a hurry? 6. He lay awake all night, thinking over the problem. 57. His total income of a year is ＄500. His yearly income totals ＄500. It reached a total of ＄500 a year. 29. He hoped the firm would transfer him to the Paris branch. 30. It is encouraging to note that in recent years,cigarette smokers have been on the

decline,especially among olded people.

31. A good dictionary is indispensable to the study of a foreign language. 32. Ice and water are the same substance in different forms. 33. If you really understood the difficulties facing the government, you wouldn't be so critical of its

spending reductions.

34. I have tried in vain to account for the riddle. What a pity! 35. It is unwise to show off your greater knowledge in front of the director 36. I wanted to make a dress, but I didn’t know how to set about it. 37. In this job you must face up to the problems and not run away from them.. 38. In contrast to his brother, he was always considerate in his treatment of others. 39. It will cost you very little to give the boy a pat on the back once in a while; he needs encouragement. 40. If you were in my position, you would have some idea how I feel. 41. I was learning my lessons on the radio when she called me up. 42. I would rather have noodles than rice. 43. I received the invitation to the conference, but have no idea if I should accept it. 44. I recognized him the moment I saw him. 45. I tried to remember to put everything in good order, but I sometimes forgot to do so. 46. I can still remember us walking hand in hand through the street together. 47. I ran across her in the public library yesterday. . 48. I have been to Beijing scores of times. 49. It was a good game, and at the end the score was Argentina 3, Germany 2. 15. I had my shoes shined just before I came. 17. It is four years since he left home. 20. It is a personal taste whether you like western classic music or Chinese folk music. 29. In order to improve his spoken English, he practiced talking to others in English. 93. It’s starting to rain; we had better hurry home. 94. It’s not safe to carry so much money with you. You’d better deposit the money in the bank. 95. I will have him come and keep me company. 96. Industrial countries consume a great amount of raw materials. 97. I must admit my whole heart is set on being a medical biologist. 98. I am very sleepy because I stayed up late last night. 99. Ice and water are the same substance in different forms.

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100. If you really understood the difficulties facing the government, you wouldn't be so critical of its

spending reductions.

101. I recommended buying this dictionary but he could not afford it. 102. I often look back on my stay in England as a happy period in my life. 103. I much prefer factual books such as biographies to fiction of any kind. 104. I had not even a vague idea of what was going to happen. 105. If this is the case, how is he justified in blaming her? 106. It has been decided that measures should be taken to bring down the costs of the projects. 107. I disapproved of the way he behaved at the meeting.

108. In the preface to this book, we are given the reason why it has been republished. 109. I didn’t expect that these few books would come to so much.

110. I speak for my colleagues as well as myself when I thank you all for your great kindness. 111. “I’ve been away a long time, and that name is not familiar to me.” 112. It’s no use ringing me at the office this week because I’m on holiday. 113. It is very difficult to keep the trains running on time in winter.

114. It is only by accident that you see me here. I ought to be in the office. 115. It is encouraging to note that in recent years, cigarette smokers have been on the decline,

especially among older people.

116. I must count up how much money I’ve spent today.

117. If George cannot earn money for a bicycle, he will have to do without. 118. If you can make friends with her, so much the better. 119. I was told that this sweater would not shrink in the wash but it has.

120. cent years, cigarette smokers have been on the decline, especially among older people. 121. I have tried in vain to account for the riddle. What a pity! 122. It is unwise to show off your greater knowledge in front of the director 123. I wanted to make a dress, but I didn’t know how to set about it. 124. In this job you must face up to the problems and not run away from them. 125. It’s not quite certain that he will be present at the meeting. 126. It was natural that he count the days before going home. 127. It took millions of people several years to build the Great Wall 128. .When she saw the clouds she went back to house to fetch her umbrella. 129. It was difficult to guess what her reaction to the news would be. 130. If I take this medicine twice a day, it should cure my cold. 131. I have always considered you my best friend. 132. If you have a house full of children and rubbish, you will next keep it clean. 133. I was ashamed of when I lived. 134. It is impossible to know in advance what will happen. 135. It is considerate of you to turn down the radio while your sister is still ill in bed. 136. I long for an opportunity of seeing you.

137. I am glad to have been given a chance to visit your country.

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138. It is impolite to stare at somebody or follow him constantly. 139. It is Japanese custom to take off one’s shoes before entering a house. 1. It was in Greece that Olympic competitions started. 2. It seems that his opinions are always different from his girl-friend. They don’t get along well. 3. If it wasn’t an accident, he must have done it on purpose. 4. It is forecast that heavy rains are threatening to flood the area in a few days. 5. In his boyhood, he was slow in learning to read and write. 6. I couldn’t find a large enough coat, and so I took this one. 7. I tried to call you up last night, but no one answered the phone. 8. If you check your paper carefully, some grammar mistakes can be avoided. 9. .—I suppose you have got the post. ---You have guessed it. 7. I happened to see him in the department store. 8. I’m sorry, sir. There’s no double room available now. 9. It’s a nice spring day. Mrs. White puts on her coat, goes out and shuts the door. 10. It was so quiet at night. We listened carefully but heard nothing. 11. It has been raining for a week. I hope it will clear up. 12. I’m going to have my car repaired tomorrow morning. 13. I heard her talking about Mrs. Handerson whom I had never heard of . 14. If the streets had been clearly marked, it would not have taken us so long to his house. 15. ---Isn’t Jane here yet? ---No. much to my surprise, she is late. 16. It was raining hard outside and John was too anxious to go 17. I never expected you to turn up at the meeting; I thought you were abroad. 18. in old times,property was usually handed down to the oldest son at his father’s death. 19. I prefer staying at home to playing outside. 20. If a person is exposed to constant noise, he may gradually suffer from a loss of hearing. 21. I am tired of your stupid conversation. 22. I found the little boy sitting on the steps, crying bitterly. 23. Intelligent people can always come up with good solutions to problems. 24. If anyone ever catches sight of the mugger anywhere, please call the police at once. 25. If you don’t give up smoking you’ll never get better.

26. ---―It’s already midnight, Why not go to bed?‖ ----―There’s still too much housework to do. 27. Jim threatened to take revenge on the shirt factory that had fired him. 28. –John wants to see you today. ---I would rather he came tomorrow than today. 29. Jimmy is the oldest boy and is taller than any other boy in the class. 30. Johnson has come down in the world since his business failed.

31. John regretted not going to the meeting last week. 10. John’s suit is old and it is high time he bought a new one . 11. John’s sudden death was a great blow to his mother and it took her a long time to get over the grief. 12. Look! T–he flowers in the garden are growing lovely.

140. Let’s begin the lesson at the place where we left off last time.

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141. Let me see all the official documents concerning the sale of this land. 142. Look out, that step is not safe!

143. Libyan demonstrators set fire to the U.S. embassy in Tripoli. 13. .Mr. White was made chairman of the committee, who was in charge of the project. 14. Milk easily goes bad in hot weather. You’d better put it into the refrigerator. 15. —Mum, why do you always make me drink a cup of fresh milk every day?

---To get enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up. 16. Ruth finally managed to find what she was looking for. 17. Many people complain of the rapid pace of modern life. 18. Mr. Black, can you spare a minute for me? I have something important to tell you. 144. Mr. Smith was asked to check out five hours before he left the hotel.

145. Mary was not promoted because she dreamed too much and fell behind in her lessons. 146. Mike thought that he could get by with the minimum of work. His tutor quickly disabused him! 147. “My mother asked after you.”“How kind of her！”

148. Since he lied to me, he will never persuade me of his sincerity or truthfulness. 1. Many petroleum products can serve as raw materials for the chemical industry. 2. My family bought a second-hand car at the price of 500 dollars. 3. my cousin submitted his playground plans to the city council. 4. Many new opportunities will be opened up in the future for those with a university education. 1. Mother had a taste of the soup to see if it was tasty. 32. May we have the pleasure of your company for dinner? 33. Mary’s parents couldn’t help worrying about her. 149. My brother was such a handsome young man that many girls like him. 34. Mr. Jones’ new job smoothed away his worry about money.

35. No matter how hard we try, we can at best do only half as much as last year. 36. No one questioned his theory for almost 800 years. 37. Now repeat the words and phrases exactly as you hear them. 38. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. 39. No matter what you do, you should put your mind into it. 40. Nearly all weather occurs in the lowest layer of the atmosphere. 150. Never trouble trouble until trouble troubles you.

151. Now that I have lost the notes, we’ll have to go without them. No matter how hard we try, we can at best do only half as much as last year 152. . Our branch stuck out and caught the rider by the hair. 153. Once he decided what he wanted, he would go after it with a single mindedness. 41. Once you understand the sentence, you will find he passage quite easy to grasp. 42. Only when the rain stopped did the sports meeting start again. 50. Our branch stuck out and caught the rider by the hair. 51. One group favors gradual integration , another demands immediate integration, and a third opposes

integration altogether.

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18 On her way to Wuhan on business, a pickpocket robbed her of her money. 19. One day, walking along the sands towards his boat, Crusoe saw in the sand the mark of a man’s foot. 20. Our neighbors always make a noise, scolding their children 21. Oceania is a separate landmass, but it is separated from Asia by very shallow water. 22. Peter’s latest book is so good that it is beyond all praise. 23. Pollution is said to cause many people to suffer from cancer. 24. Please speak loudly and clearly to make yourself heard and understood. 25. Sorry, I took your pen by mistake 26. Poor quality goods won’t sell easily

27. People throughout the country were called on to take up the struggle for their own freedom 43. Remember to turn off the gas when you go on holiday 154. She was caught spitting in public and fined ten yuan on the spot. 155. Smoking will interfere with health. 156. She was so touched by his generosity that for a moment she was at a loss for words. 157. She is very modest. Her success only stimulates her to make greater efforts. 158. She is very strict with herself in her work.

159. . State financial support given in the form of scholarships has stimulated the students

to greater efforts.

160. Sometimes his lectures are boring, but by and by I find them helpful and interesting 161. She’s the most efficient secretary I’ve ever had.

162. Sometimes you have to make a sacrifice to get what you want.

163. She told her children that they must not, on any account, play with matches. 164. Some students indicate that young children stop being creative as soon as they reach

school age because the classroom is a place where facts rather than imagination predominate.

165. Steam trains gave way to electric trains soon after the war. 166. She is 40, but I think she could pass for 25 without much trouble. 167. She told us most of the story, but kept back the bit about her uncle. 44. She got married although her parents had not given her their consent. 10. She took a glance at her watch and saw that it was already lunch time. 45. Such customs were handed down from father to son. 46. She held back, not knowing what to do or say. 52. She changes her mind so constantly that no one wants to work with her. 53. Scientists have spent years researching into the effects of certain chemicals on the human brain with no result.

54. Someone must have left the tap on, for the water was running over and flooding the bath-room 2. Since the boss of the department wasn’t in , we decided to have a meeting another day 3. She can’t eat much because she suffers from stomachaches.

4. She inherited a large amount of money from her father when he died. 28. .She took a glance at her watch and saw that it was already lunch time.

13

29. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology is changing to rapidly. 30. Smallpox left lasting scars on George Washington’s nose and cheeks but most artists kindly left out the pockmarks when painting his portraits.

31. She told us most of the story, but kept back the bit about her uncle. 32. She got married although her parents had not given her their consent. 33. She inherited a large amount of money from her father when he died. 34. She is afraid to run a risk 35. Soldiers hurried in search of the building, but they found nothing in it. 36. She stopped at the supermarket to buy some bread and then went to pick up her little girl from

school;she killed two birds with one stone. 37. They are queuing up to buy tickets for the opera. 38. The young man has conquered his fear of failure and is making great steps in his work. 39. The old man devoted himself to teaching for many years. 40. The metals which we find in the earth include iron, lead and copper. 41. The girl would rather stay alone in the classroom than play with her classmates outside. 42. These years, I am looking forward to meeting the great writer. 43. There is no easy method to physics.

44. They were listening to light music when a thunder came down.

10The synthetic fibers produced in that big plant account for one third of all the fibers turned out in the area. 1. Tom’s mother is seriously ill. He is gong to the hospital to see her. 2. Their voices are so alike that I often mistake Tom for his brother Jim on the phone. 3. They fell in love with each other, however. After a few months, they realized they did not have much in

common. 4. The photo hanging on the wall is taken by my father. 5. The thief broke into the store and helped himself to a lot of money. 6. The terrorists threatened to blow up the building if their demands were not met. 7. The government is trying test to improve the housing . 8. Their actions suggested that he shouldn’t be a bad man, and I suggested that we shuld let him go 9. .The suggestion that we should have another talk with them was of no value. 10. The film star stood there, surrounded by a lot of people. 11. The team is the best in the country. And now the team are training hard for the coming Asian Games. 12. The traveler in the desert felt thirsty. That is to say, the traveler in the desert suffered from thirst. 13. The jury must weigh the evidence before they reach a verdict. 14. The firm will have to step up production if it is to defeat its competitors. 15. The American company whose chemical factory in India exploded will have to compensate for the loss of human lives.

16. The manager promised to keep me informed of how our business was going on. 17. The above mentioned reactions are bound to proceed smoothly. 18. The meeting drew to a close late in the afternoon. 19. The appearance of the book has marked a new era in the history of the question.

14

20. The shopkeeper is facing fierce competition from supermarkets. 21. They are building the railway in association with another company. 58. The students will put off the outing until next week, when they won’t be so busy. 59. . things more important than it.

60. The woman I came across yesterday is Mrs. Black 61. The city is named after the famous president

45. The doctor has warned time and again that smoking will affect his health, but Johnny just won’t listen. 46. This new method not only saves time but also saves energy by operating on two batteries instead of four. 168. The elephant fell into the trap the hunters had set for it. 169. These envelops are so small that letters have to be folded several times before they can be put inside. 170. Then she went back to a deliver a series of lectures which she prepared over here. 47. The Smiths are too protective towards their children, they should let them see more of the world. 48. The room became completely dark when the candle went out. 49. The doctor said he would try his best to relieve her of her pain. 50. The young girl made up her mind to get rid of her bad habit. 51. The local government will offer us what we need. 52. The price of houses is going up while that of cars has been brought down only to about 80 thousand yuan.

53. This is the very house in which Mr. Zhou once lived. 54. The tallest hat would make him so tall that people would stop calling him a little man. 55. The old photo reminded him of his childhood in the countryside. 56. The sisters differ in their interests.

57. The kitten climbed the tree and couldn’t get down. 58. The city Zhangjiakou was extensively damaged in the earth-quake. 59. The case contained a lot of things, including a second-hand watch. 60. The custom goes back to the 12th century.

61. The building of the bridge has been held up by the heavy rain. 62. The train is timed to arrive at 6 o’clock. 63. Teachers ate trained in the training college. 64. The naughty boy is troublesome, and he is a great trouble to his parents.

65. The sick boy mustn’t be left alone all night and we should take our turn at sitting up. 66. There are various techniques that have to be learnt before one can do this job properly. 67. These words are wrongly spelled, that’s to say, he spelled the words wrong. 68. These masterpieces of music can stand the test of time. 171. The true reason who Jane went fishing is as transparent as glass-she didn’t want

to have to clean the house. 172. The journey usually takes six weeks but you should allow for delays caused by bad weather. 173. The story of his adventures makes excellent reading. 174. The agree with us in principle but differ with us in terms of certain measures to be taken. 175. The other families in the apartment house weren’t friendly to them.

15

176. The reason for his success is that he worked hard. 177. The nurses there are most considerate of the patients. 178. The big difference between men and women is that men are physically stronger. 179. There is always room for improvement however much you have already done. 180. This plan must be realized by all means . 181. There are eight members in the family. She has born him six sons. 182. They met with an accident on their way to San Francisco. 183. The spectators held their breath as the two teams tried to break the tie in the last minute of the game. 184. The little girl caught her breath as she saw the man fall from the tree.

185. The city was named in honor of the first president of the U.S, who decided upon its location in the first place.

186. The aged man took a great delight in collecting stamps.

187. The inspector started off with a comment that the design seemed somewhat old-fashioned. 188. This newspaper article throws some light on the situation in the Middle East. 189. They would just drop in for a chat at any odd moment.

190. “I don’t see that I have deserved any fame and I have no taste for it,” he once said. 191. This wealthy lady has a great sympathy for the poor.

192. The newspaper published an open letter in answer to the readers’criticisms. 193. The doctor told the overweight lady to cut out meat from her diet.

194. They would be delighted to do all in their power for Dorothy, who had set them free from

slavery.

195. The actual process by which coal is extracted is well worth watching. 196. The old man held on to his job and would not retire. 197. The plane climbed steeply after take-off, and then leveled off at 25000 feet.

198. The plain occupies the west, south and central parts of the continent, though

considerable variations are to be found over so extensive an area.

199. Towards the top of the mountain the cliff was easier to climb, though rather steeper. 200. This is much inferior to the one I bought last week.

201. The building remained mostly undamaged after the earthquake, and only minor repairs were

necessary.

202. Tom lay awake all night thinking of them. 203. The cost of living is rising again.

204. There was nothing but sand as far as we could see. 205. The tiger is pacing back and forth in his cage. 206. The atmosphere in the crowded hall became so stifling that two of the women passed out. 207. The light bulb in the bath-room burned out and Father put in a new one. 208. Two soldiers are on duty guarding the gates. 209. The Palestinians who live in the occupied lands remain as determined as ever to shake

off Israeli rule. 210. The only way to get your weight down is to keep off fattening foods.

16

211. They are queuing up to buy tickets for the opera. 212. This story is not real, it is only imaginary. 213. There could have been a war over it but in the end reason prevailed. 214. Tom was not handsome and he was not brilliant, but at all events he worked hard and was loyal to his boss.

215. The old woman is too feeble to cross the street without her nephew’s help. 216. The doctor allowed him to go home on condition that he remained in bed. 217. This train ticket is valid for ten days. 218. The defeated army had to retreat hastily from the field of battle to the coast. 219. The oxford English Dictionary is the best authority on English words. 220. The door squeaks. It needs oiling. Will you please see to it? 221. The house has been vacant ever since the Johnsons moved out two years ago. 5. This story is not real, it is only imaginary. 6. There could have been a war over it but in the end reason prevailed. 7. Tom was not handsome and he was not brilliant, but at all events he worked hard and was loyal to his boss.

8. The old woman is too feeble to cross the street without her nephew’s help. 9. The doctor allowed him to go home on condition that he remained in bed. 10. This train ticket is valid for ten days. 11. The defeated army had to retreat hastily from the field of battle to the coast. 12. The oxford English Dictionary is the best authority on English words. 13. The door squeaks. It needs oiling. Will you please see to it? 14. The house has been vacant ever since the Johnsons moved out two years ago. 15. They had an accident on the road and didn’t check in at their hotel until after midnight. 16. The roof of the old mine is dangerous and could cave in at any time. 17. The fire was the worst disaster ever to hit the town. 18. The heart is one of the body’s vital organs . 19. The change was so gradual that we hardly noticed it. 20. The talk between the two countries has been conducted in a friendly, cordial atmosphere. 21. The country set up trade barriers against imported goods. 22. The doctor sat up all night with the patient. 23. The government had granted them permission to leave the country. 24. The doctor knew how to cope with an emergency like this. 25. The veteran workers are doing their best to pass their on their technical know-how to the younger

generation.

26. The company will send a representative to attend to their business in that region. 47. That was quite a large sum of money. But they were still 12000 dollars short for the project. 69. That is a building about thirty feet high. 70. The plane was arriving in half an hour. 6 There were quantities of rain last year.

17

5. There are quite a few new magazines and books in the bookstore. 6. The weather was rather worse than we had expected. 7. The manager will reply to all the letters that have been sent to him. 8. The roofs of the cottages were covered with leaves. 9. The students and teachers in the school salute the flag every Monday morning. 10. The broadcast came from America by satellite and was heard at the same time in Europe. 11. The policeman saved the children from the fire. 12. There are two score eggs in the basket 13. The policeman searched the prisoner to see if he had a gun. 14. The boy seated there is my younger brother. 15. The tickets cost so much but were sold out quickly. 16. The doctor sent for will arrive in no time.

17. The sentence was 10 years in prison and a fine of ＄1000. 18. The two sisters shared one bed for the nigh 19. The eggs laid by the hen were laid in the fridge. 20. The sea was smooth. ―Smooth‖ here means calm. 21. The sound of voices which we had heard came from the television set. 22. They went on with the experiment in spite of her so much that she was very in spite of with you. 23. The man came here to spy on us.“Spy on” here means watch. 222. The soldiers were stationed at the border. 223. The salesman scolded the girl caught stealing and let her off. 224. Unless you go by nature, you are sure to be punished by it.. 225. We will have plenty of time to go to the railway station. Take it easy! 226. . University graduates have an advantage over others in getting a job. 227. When you meet with a problem, find a way to solve it. 228. When the bike was repaired, it looked as good as new. 229. We haven’t found the missing wallet. Let’s go through the room again. 230. We should pay more attention to generation gap, for it has become a social problem. 231. with the help of the policeman, the parents got in touch with their lost child by accident. 232. Where shall I get off the train ? 233. With the country population growing fast, the government has taken the birth control policy. 234. Work is often considered to be the most important thing in our life, but in fact there are many other things more important than it.

235. Would you please do me a favor by lending me your dictionary for several days? 71. –What’s the matter? --The shoes don't fit properly. They are hurting my feet. 72. ---Where is my pocket computer? ----Here it is. 22. We plant and care for trees in proportion to the many benefits they give us. 236. When I arrived, my friends were already seated at table. We had a big dinner. 237. We took up a grammar lesson after we had a PE class. 238. Who can tell what will happen in the future?

18

239. We thought she was going to die, but the medicine pulled her through. 240. We shouldn’t lose heart in time of difficulties. 241. We say that a person has good manners if he or she is polite, kind and helpful to others. 30、We should be careful when we are doing our exercises. 31、We have lessons every day except on Sunday.

73. When Tom woke up he was in the hospital, but he didn’t know how that had come about. 74. We entered the museum, just to find a shelter from a shower. 75. With the gas cut off, I couldn’t cook dinner.

76. Would you mind if I used your dictionary? -----Go ahead. 77. Xiao Wang always comes up with wonderful ideas.

242. We got to work and succeeded, after a good deal of trial and error, in making our butter. 243. When he dines in a restaurant Mark likes to have a table to himself. 244. When the Smiths lived in the country, they had to send away for many of the things they needed. 245. What he has done is open to criticism. 246. We drive our car fast and soon overtake other cars on the road. 247. When one calls a man ―Jack‖ instead of ―Mr. Hill‖, he is on intimate terms with him. 248. We forgave his bad temper because we knew that his son’s illness had put him under great

stress.

249. We had to leave quietly so as not to disturb other people . 250. We must recover the stolen goods at all costs.

251. we were talking on the phone ,when ,all along the line went dead. Which of the following

can’tbe used here.

252. When they got back from the cinema they found their house on fire. 253. We are all indignant at the injustice done to him. 254. When the opposing player fouled John, john let anger get the better of his good sense

and hit he boy back. 255. We have to go by the rules. 256. We have to hurry up this job if we want to finish by Thursday. 257. When two people feel the same way about each other, their feelings are mutual. 258. When john was arrested for drunken driving, he expected to lose his driving license, but he was let was

let off with a fine. 259. With the introduction of the electronic computer, there are no complicated problems but can be solved.

260. .We substituted red balls for blue to see if the baby would notice. 27. .We substituted red balls for blue to see if the baby would notice. 28. When two people feel the same way about each other, their feelings are mutual. 29. When john was arrested for drunken driving, he expected to lose his driving license, but he was let was

let off with a fine. 55. We took off so smoothly that the passengers could hardly feel it. 56. What I have to say refers to all of you.

19

57. We have run out of sugar. Ask Miss Hones to lend us some . 58. Why must you persist in making fun of your disabled neighbor? 59. You’er too weak. It’s good for you to have plenty of exercise. 60. You had better not drink water that is not boiled . 61. You’d better have your car repaired at once, or you will be late for Professor’s lecture. 62. Your hair needs to be cut; would you like me to do it for you? 63. You may have difficulty in learning English at the beginning. 64. You may ask your teacher in case of difficulty. world. 65. You are very lucky, because you have a chance to study at college. 261. You’ll start working to the job after you’ve been here a week or two.

48. Young children look up to older ones, so older children should be good examples. 49. You’ll end up getting burnt if you don’t keep away from the fire.

24. Your answer satisfied her so much that she was very satisfied with you. 11.You should not make so many mistakes.

短文判断

Passage 1 Feature of power generation

The simultaneousness of the electric power generation means that the electric power generation,

Transmission, transformation, distribution and utilization must be performed at the same instant. The electric 1. They electric power can be stored. (wrong)

2. The power system is made up of 4 parts. (right)

3. The unification of power system equipment is formed by 4 equipments. (right) 4. A power system is an undivided integer. (right)

5. The power network can operate normally without the integration of other 3 equipments.

(wrong)

6. A link line is called a transmission line. (right) 7. A link line is formed by 3 power networks. (wrong)

8. An electric power network is simply called a power network.(right) 9. The main network frame is formed by a weak EHV system. (wrong) 10. The networks are not closely linked with each other.(wrong)

Passage 2 Closed loop operation of power grid

The closed loop operation of power grid refers to the mode of connecting the substations or transformers with the same electrical characteristics into a ring system, making it operate in a single-ring or multi-ring

1. The closed loop operation is the mode which connects the substations with the same

substations into a ring system.(right)

2. A ring system is a single-ring system (wrong)

20

3. A power grid can only transmit and transform electric power each other but cannot regulate

each other.(wrong)

4. The positive effects of the closed-loop operation of power grid are formed by two

elements.(right)

5. The closed-loop operation can not raise the quality of voltage.(wrong) 6. Phase and its order cannot be uniform. (wrong)

7. The variety of elements in a loop network is not overloaded.(right) 8. The voltages of different lines must be limited in a scope.(right) 9. The stable state must meet many specified requirements.(right)

10. The relaying control can not always meet the satisfaction of closed-loop operating mode.

（wrong）

Passage 3 Types of circuit breaker

The high voltage circuit breaker is mainly composed of contactors, are-extinguishing elements, insulation material, operating mechanism. The insulation 1. Contactors, are-extinguishing elements, insulation material and operating mechanism form

the high voltage circuit breaker.(right)

2. The insulation structure is made up of 3 parts.(right)

3. The are-extinguishing medium can be divided into only 3 parts.(wrong)

4. An oil circuit breaker means a circuit breaker with oil as are-extinguishing and

insulation medium.(right)

5. A vacuum circuit breaker is not a circuit breaker with close and open contactors in high

vacuum.(wrong)

6. A pure SF6 gas is not a food are-extinguishing medium.(wrong)

7. The insulation strength of SF6 gas is higher than air and vacuum.(right) 8. An oil minimum circuit breaker is very safe in use.(right)

9. An oil minimum circuit breaker has bad heat dissipation capability.(wrong)

10. An oil minimum circuit breaker is one of the mostly used circuit breakers in the power

grid.(right)

Passage 4 Grounding of electric equipment

Connecting electric equipment with a grounded conductor in the earth is called grounding. The grounding modes of electric equipments include working grounding, 1. Grounding is based on the connection of electric equipment with a ground conductor.(Right) 2. The grounding modes are formed by 4 kinds of grounding. (wrong)

3. Working grounding is used to ensure the safe operation of electric equipment(right) 4. The resistance value for working grounding should be between 0.3Ωto 12Ω(wrong) 5. The lightning protection grounding should be more than 30Ω(wrong)

6. The lightning protection grounding is used to lead lightning current to ground safely

and reliably.(right)

21

7. The lightning protection grounding is also used to reduce the potential rise caused by

the lightning current. (right) 8. A protective ground is to make the outer shell of electric equipment reliably by connecting

the grounding conductor with a ground wire(right) 9. A grounding resistance for protective ground should be more than 10Ω if possible.(wrong) 10. The passage is about 3 groundings of electric equipment.(right)

Passage 5 Optical fiber communication 100

Optical fiber communication is a kind of information communication by optical fiber. In power system, the composite optical fiber ground wire ground wire or OPGW is widely 1. A kind of information communication is optical fiber communication.(right) 2. The composite optical fiber ground wire is seldom used in power system.(wrong)

3. One of the transmission tasks of the optical fiber main network is to transmit

administration telephones from power system.(right)

4. Optical fiber communication has been the important communication method in power

communication system.(right)

5. Large capacity of communication is not one of the advantages of optical fiber

communication.(wrong)

6. The communication capacity of optical fiber is indirectly proportion to the carrier

frequency.(wrong)

7. The carrier frequency of power line is more than 300kHz.(right)

8. The carrier frequency of microwave is between 3000Mha and 5000MHz.(wrong)

9. The main problem of the fiber-optic channel is the high price of fiber-optic

equipment(right)

10. The cables made by optical fiber are not expensive.(wrong)

Passage 6 Power plant

According to the mode of energy conversion, power plants can be classified into fossil-fired, hydraulic, nuclear, wind, solar, geothermal and tide power plants and so 1. Base on energy conversion, power plants are divided into more than 7 categories.(right ) 2. A power plant tries to transform energy source into electric power. (wrong )

3. The power plant generating electricity and supplying steam is called a co-generation

plant. (right )

4. A power net plan for short and medium term is one of factors in selecting a site (wrong) 5. Two important factors for a new plant plan are fuel supply and ash disposal.(right) 6. Environmental protection is less considered in building a new power plant(wrong) 7. Water sources and transportation conditions are not needed to consider in selecting a

new site(wrong)

8. The total capacity in a newly scheduled plant arranges from 1200MW to 3600MW(right) 9. The number of units exceeds more than six.(wrong)

22

10. The ranks of capacity should be limited within two.(right)

Passage 7 Selection of metal material for the boiler in units of 1000MW grade

Taking a general view of the 1000MW grade high-efficiency supercritical unit designed and made in China, the temperature of main steam and reheated steam are 1. The 1000MW grade high-efficiency supercritical unit is designed and made in China.(right) 2. The temperature of main steam and reheated steam reach basically between 570 to

650℃.(wrong)

3. The tube wall temperature of superheater and reheater can reach more than 600 to 650 ℃

(right)

4. The anti-high temperature steam oxidation performance at tube inner surface is highly

demanded.(right)

5. The anti-high temperature flue gas corrosion performance at tube outside surface is not

highly demanded.(wrong)

6. The temperature limit of T91 for use is about 593℃（right） 7. The temperature limit of T92 for use is less than 620℃（wrong）

8. The temperature of austenite stainless steel for normal use is about 650℃（right） 9. The temperature limit of austenite stainless steel is less than 700℃（wrong） 10. Only heat-resisting steel can be adopted for use.(wrong)

Passage 8 The role of the condenser

The condenser is a surface heat exchanger in which cooling water passing through the tubes removes the vaporization heat from the exhaust steam which is passing over

1. A condenser is a heat exchanger removing the vaporization heat from the exhaust steam

and condensing the exhaust steam into water.(right)

2. It is suggested that the water should not be cooled below the saturation temperature.( right) 3. The saturation temperature would not remove excess energy from the system and reduce the

overall efficiency.( wrong)

4. It is unnecessary to reduce the steam to water so that it can be pumped back through the

system.( wrong)

5. The condenser does not control back-pressure at the turbine exhaust.(wrong)

6. The important factor controlling the turbine backpressure is the temperature of the

cooling water passing through the condenser tubes.(right)

oo

7. The temperature of cooling water will increase its temperature between 15F and 20F as

it passes through the condenser.(right)

8. The terminal difference means the temperature difference between the cooling water and

the turbine exhaust steam.(right)

9. The temperature increase of the cooling water and the terminal difference depend on 3

factors.(wrong)

10. The exhaust steam temperature does not rely on the temperature of the cooling water which

23

enters the condenser.(wrong)

Passage 9 Hydraulic structure (P288)

The selected type dam of hydraulic power plant depends principally on topographic, geologic, hydrologic, climatic conditions, constructional materials, lay out plan, cost 1. The type of dam for hydraulic power plant depends on many factors.(right) 2. The main purpose of the dam safety monitoring is to monitor the performance indexs.(right) 3. The equipment installed inside the dam is to discover the normality of dam in time.(wrong) 4. Horizontal displacement is more important than vertical displacement.(wrong) 5. Temperature stress and strain are the two main monitoring items of dam.(wrong) 6. The monitoring method is the suitable points on the dam and its foundation.(right) 7. Some monitoring devices are movable for periodical supervision.(wrong)

8. The monitoring result result shall be analyzed and studied by computers.(wrong)

Passage 10 Heat treatment(P288)

The purpose of post-weld heat treatment is: to diminish the residual stress in the welded joints; to improve the organization and property of the welded joints. 1. The post-weld heat treatments have two main purposes.(right)

2. One of the purposes is to diminish the residual stress in the welded joints.(right) 3. The other purpose is to improve the organization of the welded joints.(wrong) 4. The welding crack can be classified into 5 categories.(right)

5. To change the internal structure of the work piece is one of purposes for heat

treatment.(right)

6. There are 5 kinds of steel heat treatment.(wrong)

7. The processes of heat treatment include 4 procedures.(right) 8. The electric resistance furnace is not widely used.(wrong)

9. Heat treatment furnaces are not composed of electric resistance furnace, combustion

furnace and surface heating device.(wrong)

10. The control device for heat treatment temperature is composed of temperature measuring

element, and control device.(wrong)

Passage 11 Business and risks(P290)

Marx once quoted a famous saying in his work capitalism, “once ther’s appropriate profit, capital will become bold. For 10% profit, it will guarantee its being fully 1. The work Capitalism is written by Carl Marx.(right) 2. For 20% profit, capital will take risks.(wrong)

3. For 100%, capital dares to break any human laws.(right)

4. For 200%, capital dares to commit any crime and even risks being hanged. (wrong) 5. The pursuit of profits forces human beings to take any risks.(right)

24

6. The pursuit of profit is much more encouraged than the pursuit of friendship.(wrong) 7. There are two ownerships existing in Chinese economy.(right)

8. Only bright manufacturer or manager can predict the future of his enterprises.(wrong)

Passage12 Electricity(P290)

Electricity may be dangerous. It always takes the shortest way to the ground. So it needs to find something like metal or water to carry it to the ground. These things are 1. Electricity is not dangerous as people think.(wrong) 2. Dry wood can carry electricity to the ground. u(wrong)

3. Conductors like metal or water can carry electricity to the ground.(right) 4. Human body is a good conductor because it has 90% water in the body.(wrong) 5. You can use a hairdryer far from bath and water.(right)

6. Wet hands are good conductors for transmitting electricity.(Right) 7. The best tool to push a shocked person away from the power is to use a non-conductor.(right)

Passage 13 Paper

Do you know the key to the following question? How much paper is used every year? Maybe it’s a little difficult for you. Let’s look at some figure. In 1900 the world 1. Paper was invented and made in ancient China.(right)

2. An ancient Chinese found that the best paper could be made from trees.(wrong)

3. America, Canada, Sweden and Japan became the most important countries in paper

making.(wrong)

4. 50% of paper is used for publishing books and magazines. (right)

5. Much more paper use means more and more forests will be cut down.(right ) 6. It is time we saved paper and forests.(tight)

Passage 14 Undersea Life (P291)

The undersea world is very mysterious. In the daytime, there is enough light. Under the sea, everything is blue and green. Today scuba diving is a new sport and many 1. Everything under the sea becomes blue and green. (right)

2. Now people can dive into the water to explore the secrets of the sea.(right)

3. You can stay in deep blue sea for a long time if you have bottles of air on your back.

(right)

4. It is warm but dark in deeper water. (wrong)

5. Under about 3000 feet, there is no light at all. (right)

6. Many fish under deep water have eyes like normal fish in water. (wrong ) 7. The sea is a dangerous place for all organisms.(right)

8. Deep sea animals must follow the rule: to eat or be eaten.(right)

Passage 15 Advice on Friendship(P292)

25

We all need friends. Without friends we may feel empty and sad. It is not difficult for most people to make friends. But you may feel shy and not want to make the first 1. People can’t live well if they have no friends. (right)

2. If you want to keep a friend forever, you should greet him with a smile.(right)

3. Cooking some soup for a sick neighbour makes you’re the sick neighbour feel much

better.(right)

4. If you have a close friend, It doesn’t matter to be rude to him.(wrong )

5. If you want to be a loyal friend, you should understand their ideas and learn from them.

(right)

Australia(p292)

Australia is a vast continent,the sixth largest in the world.

1. Australia is a large country and has a relatively large population.(W) 2. the majority of people living in Australia are city dwellers.(r)

3. the delivery of education services to people living in remote areas in unimaginable for almost a century(w)

4. the attempt to provide educational services to distant dwellers did not take place until 1916.(r)

5. the schoolwork was delivered and returned through sealed roads,regular bus routes and air services in the beginning.(w)

biomass(p293)

biomass is a cost-effective source of energy.it helps to generate electricity by wood. 6. as a source of energy,biomass can bring the best possible profits for the lowest possible costs(r)

7. one of the advantages of using biomass is that it is a convenient medium to store energy(r)

8. biomass doesn’t produce enough carbon dioxide and is harmless to the environment(w) 9. despite its advantages,biomass is not suitable for commercial uses.(r) 10. only trees and crops can be used as biomass-fuels.(w)

nuclear radiation(p294)

nuclear power’s danger to health,safety,and even to life itself can be summed up in one word:radiation.

11. 1 the mystery about nuclear radiation may come from the fact that it cannot be detected by human senses.(r)

12. we cannot sense radio activity without a radio receiver(w)

13. common radio waves are harmless to human being and other things.(r)

14. even at the lowest levels,radiation will cause cancer by killing the healthy cells(w) 15. victims of nuclear radiation may die of cancer years later.(r)

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livestock’s long shadow(p294)

when you think about the growth of human population over the last century or so,it is all too easy to imagine it merely as an increase in the number of humans?

16. with the increase of human population over the last century,every thing around us is increasing.(w)

17. it was not until the publication of a few report,called”livestick’s long shadows”,that we know how big the number of livestock is (w) 18. rain forest are decreasing ??(r) 19. the global livestock??(r) 20. according to the passage??(w)

pain management(p295)

years ago,doctors oftensaid that pain was a normal part oa life.in particular,when?? 21. pain is a natural part of aging and the older patients have to live with it.(w) 22. today ,it is believed that??(r) 23. to provide a comprehensive ??(r)

24. our respect for pain management has ??(w)

25. the drugs which helped patients relieve ??(r)

the obama administration’s bank rescue proposal(p296)

among the criticisms of the obama administration’s bank rescue proposal is that the government will orivide up to $1 trillion in financing for big private investors to buy up banks’bad assets??.

26. the obama administretion’s bank rescue ?(w) 27. the word “float”means?(w) 28. according to the author ,?(r) 29. the bailout plan is so ?(w)

30. the last paragragh indicates?(r)

The Earth(p366)

The earth is the home for us all. The earth turns round itself once every day,that’s why some people see sunrise and others see sunset at the same time。

58. The earth turns itself once a week 。 B. Wrong

59. The people all over the world can see sunrise at the same time 。 B. Wrong 60. The earth moves round the sun 。 A. Right

61. As the earth goes round the moon, we have our four seasons 。 B. Wrong

62. The seasons in some places on the earth is relatve to their distance from the sun。A. Right

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Great Inventions(p366)

Thomas Edison was a great inventor. A hundred years ago, he stood by a strange machine and said the following words,“May had a little lamb .‖ Then he was surprised by something . that is, the machine talked. 63. phonograph (留声机)was invented two hundred years ago. B. Wrong

64. The computes was a great invention before the helicopter was invented . B. Wrong 65. Nylon greatly influenced the type of clothes . B. Right

66. The inventions for get ting over illnesss has nothing to do with the health of human being . B. Wrong 67. Thomas Edison was a great doctor . B. Wrong

Passage1(p386)

For centuries, in the countries of south and Southeast Asia the elephant has been an intimate part of the culture, economy and religion. And nowhere more so than in Thailand. Unlike its African cousin, the Asian 26. What can we know about African elephants from the passage? (It is hard to tame them.) 27. Thailand was once called ―Land of the White Elephant‖ because white elephant was a national symbol until the 1920s

28. Why is the Thai elephant ―out of work‖, according to the author? Because the elephant are no longer useful to their owners. 29. Which of the following statements is true about the elephant population at various times? Today the elephant population is estimated at 5 150. 30. The passage is most probably from a research report.

Passage 2(p387)

The communications explosion is on the scale of the rail, automobile or telephone revolution. Very soon you’ll be able to record your entire life electronically-anything a microphone or a camera can sense you’ll be 31. By saying that he takes may images of his children, the author wants to display the infuence of communications on life

32. The author most probably thinks the communications dust is amazing.

33. Which of the following statements abut the low-orbit satellites is true? The low-orbit satellites would replace towers and poles functionally.

34. According to the passage, an optical-fiber audio-video link can enable us to talk and see each other no matter where we are.

35. The phrase ―each one‖ (Line 2, Para.5) can be best replaced by each car.

补全短文

Passage1 Functions of power transmission(p299)

The function of （1）power transmission is to send power from power plants to load center or to exchange power between networks in order to attain the generation-consumption balance

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or the supply-demand balance between（2）power networks. Power transmission is completed by step-up substations,（3）step-down substations and connected transmission equipment. The transmission line mainly consists of the transmission conductors (4)transmission at high voltage can reduce the line loss and the voltage drop, ensure the power quality, raise the economy of （5）power network operation. The increase of transmission line voltage can not only raise the amount of transmitted power, but also reduce the line loss and line voltage drop, and improve the voltage quality.

Passage 2 The applications of power electronics for T&D

Power electronics has been applied to power transmission and distribution （1）

In a number of ways over the past thirty years. From providing continuously variable and dynamic reactive power compensation to providing high voltage direct current (HVDC) power transmission, the techniques are continuously developing. Until recently the thyristor has provided the main component for this, for the losses in IGBT being too great to challenge it. Even so the IGBT is now （2）in use at distribution power levels for harmonic filtering and power factor control for several years.

The IGBT based voltage source convert (VSC) HVDC transmission system has growing (3) in its capacity and is soon expected to reach ratings of more than 500MW. VSC HVDC transmission is able to transmit power into areas where no synchronizing power source is available, such capability is not inherent (4) in any other available solution. Silicon carbide based semiconductor devices with high voltage withstand capability and very much reduced power losses are expected to appear very soon. This promises to revolutionize the manner (5) in which power electronics is applied to transmission and distribution and this manner will ultimately threaten the existence of conventional methods.

Passage 3 Substation misoperation and its preventing(p299)

The misioeration that can lead to (1) accidents in the electrical operation of the substation mainly are: 1on-load switching of isolating switch; ○2connecting (2) the grounding wire (closing the grounding switch) ○

3closing the circuit breaker (isolating switch)with ground lines (ground switch) earthed. with power on; ○

1preventing the The ―five preventings‖ for (3) preventing the misoperation in substation includes: ○

2preventing the on load opening and closing of isolating wrong opening or closing of circuit breaker; ○

3 preventing (4)the closing of grounding switch with power on; ○4preventing the closing of circuit switch; ○

5preventing(5)the persons from illegal entering the lived bay. breaker with grounding wire connected; ○

Passage4 Functions of instrument transformer

Instrument transformer can be classified into current transformer and potential transformer. The functions of a current transformer are: According to a definite ratio, it (1)transforms large current into small current for the use of various instruments, protective relay and automatic control devices. Also, it (2)isolates the secondary system from high voltage. The accuracy class of current transformer is the percentage value of its current ratio error. The commonly used current transformers are divided into 0.2, 0.5, 1, 3, 10 five

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accuracy classes.

According to a fixed ratio, potential transformer transforms the high voltage into low voltage and (3)keeps a definite phase relation. The functions of a potential transformer are: transform high voltage into low voltage suitable for the (4)secondary equipment; isolate high voltage for keeping the (5) personnel and equipment safe. The accuracy class of potential transformer is the percentage value of its voltage ratio error. It is also the ―error class‖ indicated on the name plate. Generally, the accuracy class of potential transformer is divided into four classes‖ 0.2,0.5,1.0,and 3.0.

Passage 5 Automation system of power grid dispatching

The power grid dispatching automation (1) takes generation and transmission of power system as the control and management object. It is a computer controlled system with the function of data acquisition and monitoring, generation planning and control as well as network analysis. The basic constitution of power grid dispatching automation (2) contains control center, plant and station terminal and information channels.

According to function, the dispatching automation system can be divided into information acquisition & execution subsystem, information transmission subsystem, information processing subsystem and man-machine interface subsystem:

(1)The function of information acquisition and execution subsystem is to collect real-time information (3)as well as receiving and executing operation, regulation and control commands sent by superior dispatching control center;

(2)The function of information acquisition and execution subsystem is to provide a bridge for the information exchange between dispatching control center and information acquisition acquisition and executing subsystem, with the data channel as its core;

(3)The information processing subsystem is (4)the core of dispatching automation system; (4) The function of the man-machine interface subsystem is to (5)process and handle various information which is transmitted to the dispatching center for the purpose of providing a completely useful real-time information of power system to dispatchers who send out telecontrol and teleregulation commands.

Passage 6 A brief introduction on the development of supercritical boilers and their main

advantages(p299)

In (1) some advanced countries such as U.S.A, Japan and European countries, the supercritical boiler has been developed since the 60s of last century. It has been proved by data and experience, the supercritical unit has (2) great advantages on economy and environmental protection. As for its reliability, because the steam-water flow passages in supercritical boiler is same as that in the (3) subcritical once-through boiler, there isn’t anything special, But as far as hydraulic characteristic, a symbol of reliability, is concerned, in a supercritical boiler, under supercritical condition, medium is of single phase which has a (4) good homogenization of distribution . so that the problem caused by unever distribution of steam phase and water phase can be avoided. It is admitted that, if (5) whole process management is strengthened, both supercritical and subcritical units can get an excellent reliability index.

Passage 7 Steam generation and use (p300)

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Steam is one of man’s dependable servants. More and more in the background, steam is doing more and more work for man. In (1)an electrically heated home steam may be seen only at the teakettle, but the electricity used may be generated by burning coal or gas and producing steam to turn the generator rotors in the power plant. Even if (2) the fuel is uranium and the heat is supplied by nuclear fission, the generation of electricity is still accomplished by(3) first generating steam.

In the U.S.A. the demand for electricity doubles every ten years. For the most part water resources suitable for power generation are already in service, except for emergency standby and peak-load units; approximately 90% of (4) the new generating capacity being installed utilizes steam. The (5) use of steam for electric power generation is expanding in most countries of the world except for the countries where available water power resources are greater than power needs.

Passage 8 Circuit breaker(p300)

Circuit breakers are automatically operated high voltage (or high current) switches. Circuit breakers are required (1) to control electrical power networks by switching circuits on, by carrying load and by switching circuits off under manual or automatic supervision. Their duty is as follows: In closed position the circuit breaker must be a good conductor for the normal load current. In operating the circuit breaker must be able contacts shall have full insulation level. At operation the circuit breaker must close be able (2) to switch the current which can be from a few amperes to many thousands of amperes, and independently of the characteristics from purely inductive to fully capacitive. At closing operation the circuit breaker must close fast and be safe also against full short circuit conditions. They must, therefore, be effective instantaneously when are called upon (3) to perform any switching operation after long periods without movement. As the circuit breaker is the last link in the chain of protective equipment, the circuit breaker reliability is (4) of the highest importance for high reliability of the total electric power system. So the importance (5) of the circuit breaker cannot be over emphasized.

Passage 9 The ration of distance to height of pumped-storage power plant (p301)

For pumped-storage power plant, generally the ratio of distance to height (1) is used to evaluate topographic condition of power plant. Distance-height ratio (2)is the ration of horizontal distance between upper and low reservoir to the drop between upper and low reservoir that is L/H. The head of simple pumped-storage power plant consists of two parts, they are natural topographic elevation difference and elevation difference formed by dam. Of course, the head derived from topographic elevation difference(3)is most economic, so in selecting plant site, the condition that not only a height difference is available but also no very high dam of upper reservoir is necessary should be considered. Smaller L/H value indicates a shorter water transportation line, then the engineering construction cost can be saved. But in many circumstances, topographic condition (4)is not desirable, so we can’t say the smallest L/H value (5) is the best. In newly constructed three large capacity pumped-storage power plants in our country, the L/H value respectively are: 7.12 in Guangzhou, 4.12 in Shisanling, 2.40 in Tian huangping.

Passage 10 Fuel cells(p301)

Fuel cells are devices that when a fuel such as hydrogen or hydrogen-rich compounds and oxygen are

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supplied to materials arranged like the anode and cathode of a conventional battery, combine to convert chemical energy directly into electrical energy. Unlike conventional batteries where the conversion of chemical to electrical energy requires only the closing of a circuit between the cathode and anode to produce and electrical current, (1) there is no storage capacity in a fuel cell. These cells require the fuel and oxygen that will produce the chemical reactions that produce an electrical output. Fuel cells have been made that will supply power in the megawatt range, and (2) further development is under way. Such cells are not yet widely used on power systems, but (3) as they are being developed there have been some applications to supply fuel cell power to isolated loads. As the voltage output of a cell is in the order of to 2.5V, (4) many cells are operated in series to obtain voltages and power out put in ranges that are normally required. Inverters are used to (5) supply alternating current from fuel cells when and AC output is desired.

Passage 11 Substations pace into the Digital Age (p302)

Substations constitute the main part of power transmission and distribution in a power grid. The substations (1) composed of a large number of primary and secondary equipments, with the responsibility for the electric power transmission and distribution in the grid. Over more than a decade of development, (2) substation automation technology has reached a certain level. In the rebuilding and constructing of power grid in rural and urban areas, automation technology is not only used in low-voltage substations to realize unattended operation, but also in the 220kV and above extra-voltage substations, thus greatly enhancing the level of modernization of power grid construction, strengthening the power transmission and distribution and the possibility of power grid dispatching and reducing the total cost of substation construction, (3)all of which has become an indisputable fact. However, the development of technology is never-ending, and the increasing maturation of technology like intelligent switches, photoelectric current and voltage transformers, online condition monitoring of primary equipments,(4)simulation training technology for substation operation, as well as the development and application of high-speed network in real- time system, is bound to have a profound impact upon the existing substation automation technology, and (5)a full-digital automation system is about to emerge.

Passage 12 Overcoming the Problem of Waste

Many large cities are anything but beautiful. Streets are littered with trash. In this trash, however, (1) there is still something that can be useful. If people want to solve the problem of waste, (2) there is no time to be lost. They must work out ways of making use of good things which are just thrown away as waste. When a car gets too old, it may not run any more. But if the metal that the car was made of is still good,(3)it can be put on use again. When a bottle ia empty,it goes out in the trash.But bottle glass can be ground into sand and used to pave streets. Besides, garbage from food can be changed into fertilizer. But first you have to pick out all the glass and metal.

Furthermore, garbage can also be a good source for making building blocks, which are then covered with concrete. Now, (4)more and more machines are designed for this purpose. Some day, people will watch films in a great cinema which has been built out of garbage. Future buildings, roads, and cities may be made from garbage. But so far, (5)building beautiful cities out of garbage is only a dream.

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Passage 13 Hibernation(p303)

The weather in winter can be very cold. Some animals sleep during the winter, for it’s difficult for them to find food then. (1)They can sleep for a long time. For example, their sleep can last from autumn to spring. (2)We call this kind of sleep in wintertime “hibernation”. Animals need food in winter to keep them warm and alive. If they move about more, they need eat more. (3)Hibernating animals don’t need to eat much because they don’t move. Their heart beats slowly. And they breathe slowly. They find a safe place to sleep. (4)So they don’t need to worry about bad weather and other dangerous animals.

In warn winter some animals like bears may wake up. If they see thick no\\\\snow on the ground, they will get back to their sleep. (5)As it gets warmer and warmer in spring, the sleeping animals begin to wake up and look around for food.

Passage 14 Friends

Everyone needs friends. We all like to feel close to someone. (1)It is good to have a friend to talk to, laugh together and do things with. We also need time to be alone. We don’t always want people around. But we may feel lonely if we don’t have any friends.

No two people are the same. Sometimes, people don’t get along well. (2)But they can still like each other. Many places are named after men and women if they are friendly to people in that place. (3)Some libraries and school are also named in this way.

It’s good to be people with friends. They live longer than people without friends. Why? (4)Possibly they are happier. Being happy keeps you healthy. It’s also possible that in this way you know someone cares about you.(5)As a result, you take care of yourself better.

Passage 15 Satellites(p303)

The body that is neatest to the Earth is the moon. (1)It circles the Earth and is therefore know as a satellite of the Earth. This satellite is called natural satellite. Man –made spacecraft which circle the Earth are called artificial satellites. Natural as well as artificial satellites circle the planets in a definite path or orbit. (2)A satellite stays in orbit because the planet gravitational force keeps pulling it into a circle.

All the bodies in space like the moon, the planets and the stars also exert an attractive force on objects.(3)The bigger and heavier a body is ,the greater is its force of gravity. The moon’s gravitational force is only one-sixth that of the Earth’s. The Earth’s gravitational force of pull keeps us and everything else on Earth from floating away to space.

(4)To get out into space we have to overcome the Earth’s gravitational pull. There are many artificial satellites orbiting around the Earth. Some artificial satellites have been sent up to orbit the moon and even the planet Mars.(5)Artificial satellite can be used for various purposes.

Passage 16 Secondary equipment in power system(p304)

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The secondary equipments in power system are 1. the equipments that provide protecting, monitoring, measuring, regulating, controlling primary equipments, the equipments that supply information, working condition for the operator or maintenance persons, and 2. the equipments that send the command signals. The electric circuit connected with the secondary winding of CT or PT is called secondary circuit. The secondary equipment and secondary circuit belong to secondary system.

The voltage and 3.current values in secondary system are: 110V, 22V, DC operating voltages, 100 V rated voltage of the potential transformer secondary winding and 4.5A rated current of the current transformer secondary winding. The related parameter values of secondary system after weak electrification are: 24V, 48V, 60V DC operating voltages, 5.50V rated voltage of PT secondary side, 0.5A rated current of CT secondary side.

Passage 17 Regulation of power grid frequency

The purposes of automatic generation control (AGC) are 1.automatically performing real-time regulation of the active power output of the joined generating units, keeping the system frequency or link line power within the required scope under 2.the precondition of 1 fixed optimized generation cost. AGC includes three control modes:○frequency control mode,

2 fixed power exchange control mode; ○3 frequency and link line power deviation control ○mode.

AGC system is 3.a closed loop control system that is composed of main station, AGC software, data transmission channel, remote data receiving terminal, coordination control system of generating unit and 4.related active power measuring devices, etc. The three key sub-systems of AGC are the generation dispatch control system in general dispatch control center, 5.the intermediate data transmission system and the coordination control system of generating units and power plants.

Passage 18 Switching overvoltage (p304)

A sudden change in the configuration of transmission network caused 1.by the operation of a circuit breaker or by the appearance of a fault can cause a rapid surge known as switching overvoltages, which propagates throughout the network. It is these switching overvoltages which in general 2 determine the insulation requirements of transmission lines. Limitating these overvoltages is of extremely importance, because they have an important effect on both 3.the cost of transmission and line failure rate. These switching overvoltages can occur 4.at both opening and closing of circuit breakers. If non-restriking circuit breakers is not used, it is at the instant of closing, and above all, This switching overvoltage is usually limited 5.by means of circuit breaker closing resistor in 500kV system.

Passage 19 Transmission line and distribution line(p304)

The high voltage power line through which power is (1) transmitted from power plant’s step-up substation to step-down substation is called power transmission line. The voltage classes of 35kV and above are generally used. High voltage distribution line is (2) the power line that transmits the power from step –down substation to distribution transformers.

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Low voltage distribution line is the line that transmits power from distribution transformer to the users. The normal voltage of power distribution line is 380V.

The special sections of (3)the overhead transmission line refer to the sections with large spanning, serious pollution, (4)lightning frequency happening and heavy raining. The overhead line section whose span is 1000m and longer or the height of the pole or tower is 100m and higher is called (5) large spanning line section.

Passage 20 Transformer insulation(p305)

The insulation of a transformer can be categorized into internal insulation and external insulation. (1)The internal insulation refers to the insulation of various parts inside the oil tank. The external insulation is the insulation between the upper part of bushings and the ground and the insulation among the bushings. The internal insulation of transformer can be further subdivided into main insulation and longitudinal insulation.(2)The main insulation refers to the insulation between windings and grounding parts and the insulation between windings. The longitudinal insulation refers the insulation between different parts

of the same winding, such as insulation between different sections, layers and turns of the same winding.

(3)The main insulation materials inside transformer are transformer oil, insulating pressboard, cable paper, corrugated paper, etc. The oil in transformer has two functions, one is insulation, and the other is cooling, (4) The degradation of insulating properties of insulation materials under long period of influence by the factors such as temperature is called insulation aging. (5)If the winding temperature is within the scope of 80-140℃, for every 6℃ temperature rise the insulation life time of the paper used in transformer will decrease by half.

Passage 16 the electricity market(p305)

The aim of introducing market mechanism is to bring various parties more economic benefit through equitable competition ,thereby promote economic development.

Like other markets, it needs B a wholesale market where the sellers and buyers(suppliers) can trade electricity ,and needs D a retail market where the suppliers can sell electricity to final custpmers.as in othert markets ,the participants need A to argee on the price and quantity to be trade.competition is introduced into generation and retail supplied to customers. customers.are free E to choose electricitysuppliers .if a cuseomer chooses to buy electricity in the ratail market ,he should be able to choose electricity supply from one of several competing retailers.if a customer decides to purchase directly from the wholesale market,he will need C to register a market customer.power generation is disaggregated into separate companies to ensure adequate competition.

Passage 17 electric power(p306)

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electric power is a most concenient,clean,safe,and useful form of energy which supplies the major portion of energy needs of a modern society.at the present time C the lack of electricity(a blackout) is newsworthy . electric power is so vital to the lives of people that B its unavailability causes inconvenience ,loss of production,and danger to many individuals who are in operation (such as cardiac operation) in hospital.a prolonged blackout,which is inevitable when a growing load is combined with no generation additions,could lead to D social disorder,and even national tragedy .with the developing of industy and improving in living standed,the electric power demand is growing continuously and A its growth rate is much greater than that of all other forms of energy.now E high electric powerconsumption per capita has been one of the indications of modernization of a country.

Passage 18 copyright paracy(p306)

There are numerous examples of what has become known as copyright paracy .the American chemical giant do pont,for example ,recently introduced into one asian country its famous londax herbicide,which kills weeds in rice fields.the company invested millons of dollars in B the research and development of this product abd ploughed another us $25 million into opening a local production plant.less than one year later,however very cheap bottles of londax were openly on sale.the only difference between D the fake and real items –other than the price—was that the fake was called rondex and came in a blue rather than a green bottle .however as it was so much cheaper than the original,it effectively destroyed du pont’s investment.it also made the company less willing to invest in R&D of A new chemicals .the “recipe”for londax should have been theated as E the intellectual property of dupont.other companies making illegal use of it are atealing just as surely as if they stole dupont’s machines or any other C physical property of the inventing company.

Passage 19 electrical energy(p307)

electrical energy is the presence and flow of an electric charge.the energy of electricity is found in a variety of phenomena such as D static electricity,electromagnetic fields and lightning .humans have found the ability to harness these phenomena and store the E electrical charge for later use.the concept of B electrical energy is defined using a variety of different terminologies such as charge ,current and potential.

electrical energy is the result of the interaction of subatomic particles with electromagnetic force.within an atom,electrons and protons create a charge.this charge can be transferred between bodied using direct contact with a conductive material like a wire.

The current refers to the movement of the charge.with direct current,this occurs when the electricity is stored in a battery and travels in one direction out of the battery. A alternating current occurs when the current changed direction repeatedly within an alectrical system.the alternating current form is usually used to power larger objects such as residences and building.

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C electrical potential is essential to the range and power of electrical energy.when an electric charge exists within an object ,a force is exerted from its electrical field.this accelerates the object in a direction either towards or away from the charge ,depending on the electromagnetic polarization.generally,positively-charged electricity pushes the object away,while negatively-charged electricity pulls the object towards the field.

阅读理解

Passage 1(p311)

Have you ever seen a moon that looks unbelievably big? It hangs over the horizon like a huge, pale hot-air balloon. Many people think of the right full moon of autumn or the harvest moon that way-like a huge, pale

1. To what do we compare the size of the harvest moon? (all of these) 2. The main purpose of the article is to inform. 3. The author knew most people find the moon mysterious. 4. The moon looks bigger if it is near the horizon 5. The autumn moon helps farmers see as they harvest their crops.

Passage 2(p311)

Strange thing happens to time when you travel. Because the earth is divided into twenty-four time zones one hour apart, you can have days with more or fewer than twenty-four hours, and weeks with more or fewer 1. The best title for this selection is How Time Changes Around the World. 2. The difference in time between zones is one hour. 3. From this selection it seems true that the Atlantic Ocean is divided into five time zones. 4. The international date line is the name for the point where a new day begins.

5. If you cross the ocean going east, you set you clock ahead one hour in each new time zone.

Passage 3(p312)

Holidays in the United States usually occur at least once a month. Most months have a national holiday that has been arranged to be celebrated on a Monday. The holidays have all been decided to be celebrated on a

1. The government of the United States makes it a rule for workers to have a 3-day weekend almost once a month.

2. Workers in the United States sometimes work from Tuesday to Sunday. 3. Which statement is NOT true according to this passage?

All the workers have a half-month vacation. 4. The reason why someone has to divide his vacation into several parts is that

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no one can be found to take his place . 5. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?

Something about the holidays and Vacation in the U.S.

Passage 4(p313)

Sarah Winchester was a very rich woman. She didn’t buy many jewels or fancy clothes. Instead, she spent million of dollars to build a house. The strange thing about Sarah’s house was that it was never finished. Work

1. What did Sarah keep doing to her house? Making it bigger. 2. The story says that Sarah’s house had 7 floors.

3. Who did the work on Sarah’s house? Carpenters and plumbers and other workers. 4. How long did the work on the house continue? For 38 years. 5. Sarah’s house was finally finished when she died.

Passage 5(p314)

The diner is only a humble restaurant, but it has a special place in American life. Diners appear in our novels, plays, poems, poems, and movies. Many artists have used diners as scenes for their paintings. Why are

1. What’s the main idea of paragraph 2? The attraction of different people. 2. The purpose of the last paragraph is to give a summary of the whole passage. 3. Why do truck drivers like a diner? It’s a haven against loneliness. 4. Diners attract many different kinds of people. 5. Diners are fascinating.

Passage 6(p315)

In the past two years, millions of Americans have suddenly embraced the bicycles as if it were a startling new invention. Annual bike sales doubled between 1960 and 1970, and there are nearly 70 million bikes in the

1. The word ―embrace‖ in the first sentence is closest in meaning to make use of. 2. It can be concluded that if people continue to concern themselves with air pollution and physical fitness,

bicycle sales will continue to rise. 3. The bicycle is enjoying a strong revival.

4. The reader can also conclude that Americans are concerned with the quality of their lives . 5. In the sentence ―?and this isn’t America’s first bicycle boom.‖ The word ―boom‖ means a rapid increase in sale.

Passage 7 (p315)

Doctors have known for a long time that extremely loud noises can cause hearing damage or loss. The noise can be the sound of a jet airplane or machines in factories or loud music or other common sounds found

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1. Doctors have long known that one may lose his hearing when he hears a terribly loud noise.

2. This passage suggests that one’s hearing will be damaged even if he has heard a loud noise for only little more than one second.

3. According to this passage, one conclusion you can draw is that aspirin makes hearing damage from loud noise worse. 4. Millions of Americans are in danger of suffering hearing loss because they take too much aspirin.

5. The purpose of the experiment the American scientist did was to find whether aspirin would increase the temporary hearing damage from loud noises.

Passage 8(p317)

Just two months ago, Ana, a teenager, was preparing for an important exam. Winners receive scholarships and be able to study in the United States. Ana knew her grades were excellent, but she must do well on the

1. Ana realizes that she must do well on the exam . 2. Ana has been studying English for seven years.

3. Ana experiences difficulty with the professor’s lectures. 4. Ana tells the interviewers about her family.

5. The best main idea for the first paragraph is Ana comes through with flying colors

Passage 9(p317)

Any mistake made in the printing of a stamp raises its value to stamp collectors. A mistake on one inexpensive postage stamp has made the stamp worth a million and a half times its original value. 1. A postage stamp’s value to collectors is raised if a mistake is made in the printing. 2. In 1847 most countries of the world were not yet using postage stamps. 3. In 1847, the mistake on the locally printed postage stamps was in the wording 4. ＄16800 is the collector’s value of the Twopenny Blue. 5. The valuable stamps were designed by British printers.

Passage 10(p318)

In the English educational system, students take three very important examinations. The first is the eleven-plus, which is taken at the age of eleven or a little past. At one time the ability or aptitude shown on the

1. The purpose of this passage is to D describe the three tests that the English educational system is based on . 2. The exam for the Ordinary Level of the General Certificate of Education is administrated at the age of

A fifteen. 3. We may conclude from the passage that A the exam that is taken at age eighteen is narrower than the other two exams. 4. The passage suggests that B schooling is very closely controlled in England. 5. As used in the last sentence, the word “venture” means A to take the rise

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Passage 11(P319)

For centuries, in the countries of south and Southeast Asia the elephant has been an intimate part of the culture, economy and religion. And nowhere more so than in Thailand. Unlike its African cousin, the Asian 1. What can we know about African elephants from the passage? B It is hard to tame them. 2. Thailand was once called “Land of the White Elephant” because B white elephant was a national symbol until the 1920s 3. Why is the Thai elephant “out of work”, according to the author? A Because the elephants are no longer useful to their owners.

4. Which of the following statements is true about the elephant population at various times? D Today the elephant population is estimated at 5150. 5. The passage is most probably from C a research report.

Passage 12(P320)

The communications explosion is on the scale of the rail, automobile or telephone revolution. Very soon you’ll be able to record your entire life electronically-anything a microphone or a camera can sense you’ll be 1. By saying that he takes may images of his children, the author wants to C display the influence of communications on life . 2. The author most probably thinks the communications dust is B amazing. 3. Which of the following statements about the low-orbit satellites is true? C The low-orbit satellites would replace towers and poles functionally. 4. According to the passage, an optical-fiber audio-video link can enable us to A talk and see each other no matter where we are. 5. The phrase “each one”(Line2, para.5) can be best replaced by B each car.

Passage 13(P322)

Many private institutions of higher education around the country are in danger. Not all will be saved, and perhaps not all deserve to be saved. There are low-quality schools just as there are low-quality business. We

1. According to the author’s opinion, schools are bad businesses because of D their characteristics. 2. The author used the phrase ―go under‖ in Para. 3 to mean A “get into difficulties.” 3. We can reasonably conclude from this passage that the author made an appeal to the public in order to

support B private schools. 4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned about private schools? D Private schools are more profitable than public schools.

5. Which of the following ways could possibly save private schools? C National awareness and support.

Passage 14(P323)

Japan is getting tough about recycling-and not in the paper and plastic kind of way. Recently, the

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