高考英语阅读理解技巧_2013高分突破复习

2013年高考英语阅读专题

解题技巧与方法指导

概述

高考阅读理解题选材，一般遵循三个原则： 1. 文章一般为5篇（含信息匹配题），阅读量在2500单词左右； 2. 题材广泛，包括科普、社会、文化、政治、经济等多方面内容；

3. 体裁多样，包括记叙文、描写文、说明文、应用文、论述文等。因此，学会分析体裁的能力对我们做好阅读理解来说是非常重要的。由于不同的文体有不同的段落组织方式和脉络层次，所以我们可以根据这种特点来快速分析文章的体裁： ? 记叙文往往按时间顺序展开段落，文章有明显表示时间先后的词语。阅读时抓住时间这

条主线，弄清who、what、where、why与how。

? 描写文通过细节的描写以画面的方式来反应事物的特征、性质。对这种文章要迅速弄清

其主题，主题词往往出现在各个句子里，贯穿文章的始末；紧围绕这个主题进行阅读，找到文章与之有关的信息，并确定信息与主题的关系。

? 说明文多见于科普文章，用以解释或揭示事物的状态、特征、演变、结果及其相互之间

的关系，这类文体的文章，首句往往是主题句，开门见山，说明文章的关注对象：弄清作者的思路和段落组织的方式；把握次要信息及其与主题的关系。 ? 论述文的阅读难在这种文章处处都渗透作者的个人观点、态度。阅读论述文应该从文体

的写作和结构特点入手。

★ 文章的结构往往很容易把握，用主题句开门见山。作者往往通过信号词(signal words或transitional words)和关联词(referents来组织段落、文章.对信号词的迅速反应和对关联词的准确判断是至关重要的；要特别注意区分作者的观点与文章里所提到的人物的观点，同时注意作者所使用的表示赞同、反对等感情色彩的词汇。

常见问题

1. 关于文章主旨和大意的问题

此类考题主要针对段落(或短文)的主题，主题思想，标题或目的，一般提问方式如下：

1) Which is the best title of the passage?

2) Which of the following is this passage about? 3) What is the main topic of the passage？ 4) The subject discussed in this text is _____

5) Which of the following best states the theme of the passage？ 6) The passage tells us that______. 7) The passage is meant to ….

8) This passage mainly talks about_______. 9) The passage is mostly about ____．

10) The passage is mainly concerned about ____．

11) The general/main idea of the passage is about ____．

12) The purpose of this article is to …

13) In this passage the writer tries to tell us that______. 14) In this passage the author discusses primarily ____． 15) The author’s main purpose in writing the passage is to …

2. 关于文章事实和细节的问题

此类考题主要针对文章的细节，一般提问方式如下：

1) Which of the following is right?

2) Which of the following is NOT true according to the information in the passage?

3) Which of the following statements is correct according to the passage? 4) Which of the following is Not True in the passage? 5) Which of the following is not mentioned?

6) Which of the following is mentioned in the passage? 7) The author mentions all of the following except . . .

8) The writer mentions all of the items listed below except ______. 9) What is the example of . . . as described in the passage? 10) Choose the right order of this passage. 11) According to the passage, when (where, why, how, who, etc. ) ... 12) The reason for . . .is . . . 13) From this passage we know that ________. 14) In the passage, the author states that ______.

3. 猜测词义的问题

此类考题目要求考生能根据上下文确定某一特定的词或短语的准确含义。一般提问方式如下：

1) The word “ABC” in the passage probably means ________.

2) The underlined word “ABC” in the passage refers to/means _______. 3) Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the second paragraph？

4）The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means ____． 5) The word \（them）\．

4. 关于对全篇逻辑关系的理解、对文章各段、各句间逻辑关系的理解的问题

此类考题主要考查句语句之间，短语短之间的逻辑关系，一般提问方式如下：

1) Many visitors come to the writer’s city to ________.

2) Some shops can be built Dongfeng Square so that they may _____. 3) Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution because _____. 4) Why did the writer get off the train two stops before Vienna station?

5. 关于推理和判断的问题

此类考题一般针对短文内容和考生应有的常识，文章中虽然没有明确的答案，但考生在理解全文的基础上可以进行推理和判断其答案。一般提问方式如下：

1) We can guess the writer of the letter may be a ______. 2) We can infer from the text that _______. 3) It can be inferred from the text that ______.

4) From the letters we’ve learned that it’s very ___ to know something about American social customs.

5) From the story we can guess ______. 6) From the text we know that ______. 7) What would be happy if …?

8) The story implies that ______.

9) The paragraph following the passage will most probably be ___. 10) The writer’s attitude toward...is ______. 11) The author implied（suggested）that．．． 12) It may be concluded from the passage that．．．

13) Which of the following statements does the passage support？ 14) With which of the following does the author agree？

6. 关于作者意图、观点或态度的问题

此类题目的主要提问方式是一般提问方式如下：

1) How did the writer feel …?

2) The author seems to think that ______.

3) The writer writes this text to ______. 4) The writer believes that ______. 5) The writer suggests that ______. 6) The author wants to appeal to _______ .

7) The writer is trying to present a point of view in ______. 8) The author’s style is ______ .

9) The author’s tone would be best described as _______ . 10) What is the author’s opinion of ______?

11) What is the author's main purpose in the passage? 12) In the author's opinion_________?

题目类型

A类题：可以直接从原文中找到答案的题目

A类题为拿分题 丢分原因：

1）凭印象做题，准确率低。

2）时间把握最容易出问题：忘记内容的时候往往会回到文章中去找答案，一篇文章往往要读好几遍。

A类题解题技巧：看清题目所问的内容之后，要在原文中划出原句，并标上题号。 这样做的目的：

1）做到万无一失，保证把该拿到的分数拿到手。 2）减少阅读文章的次数，争取宝贵的时间。

B 类题：不能够从原文中直接找到答案的题

需要经过分析、判断、推理之后才能解答的题。该类题是失分题，往往是出题人用来拉开学生梯度和层次的题。

B类题包括：文章主题和中心大意等，一般都是主旨题。 B类题解题技巧：

1、以原文为依据，不参杂个人意见，要客观不要主观。 2、答案是比出来的。答案不选对的，只选最好的。

因为，有时候四个答案都是对的。所以，当看到第一答案是正确的时候，也要

看后面的答案。遇到这种情况，往往有学生钻牛角尖。老师给学生解释的时候，也可以这样说：你的答案没错，但是另一个答案更好，更全面。答案不选对的，只选最好的。

比答案的原则是：好的>不知道的；不知道的>不对的。 3、注意绝对化的词。

如果答案选项中出现绝对化的词，比如：all，always，never，nothing，every 等等，除非文章当中使用了该类词汇，否则，一般都要排除。

比如，原文中出现了这样一个句子：Almost everyone likes the music. 答题时，要你判断如下这个句子正误（True or False）：Everyone likes the music. <——该句子应该是错误的。

4、答案要避免以点带面，以偏盖全。

尤其是多个选项都有道理，难以挑选正确答案的时候，要注意选择最符合题目

要求的一个。

5、“傻瓜”原则。

文章中没有提到的就当时不知道，不要枉自猜测，自作聪明。一切以文章内容

为准。

阅读理解解题步骤

1、第一步：先读题 2、第二步：读文章

3、第三步：解题

实战阅读方法

1 巧用主题句并依据主题句确定短文的中心

最有效的办法是找出主题句。一篇文章(或一段文章) 通常都是围绕一个中心意思展开的。而这个中心意思往往由一个句子来概括。这个能概括文章或段落中心意思的句子叫做主题句。因此，理解一个段落或一篇文章的中心意思首先要学会寻找主题句。主题句一般具有三个特点：(1) 概括性强：表述的意思比较概括。(2) 结构简单：句子结构较简单，多数都不采用长、难句的形式。(3) 受它支撑：段落中其他的句子是用来解释、支撑或发展该句所表述的主题思想。在一篇短文或一个段落中，大部分主题句的位置情况有三种： 主题句在段首或篇首

主题句在段首或篇首的情况相当普遍，其后的句子则是论证性细节。一般新闻报道、说明文, 议论文、科技文献等大都采用这种格式，即先总述，后分述的叙事方法。

例文1： All living things on the earth need other living things to live. Nothing lives alone. Most animals must live in a group, and even a plant grows close together with others of the same kind. Sometimes one living thing kills another, one eats and the other is eaten. Each kind of life eats another kind of life in order to live, and together they form a food chain(食物链). Some food chains become broken up if one of the links disappears.

例文2：People have different tastes in food. Some feel that they haven't eaten a meal unless they have had steak or other red meat. Some prefer chicken or fish and eat one or the other at every meal. Others prefer vegetables and fruits or grains and would enjoy a meal of spaghetti, eggplant,

and fresh fruit. Others could live on what were called fast--foods: a hamburger or hot dog, French fries and a soft drink.

主题句在段末或篇末

主题句也会出现在段尾，即作者先摆出事实依据, 层层推理论证, 最后自然得出结论 - 段落的主题。这种位于段末或篇末的主题句往往是对前面细节的归纳总结或者所得出的结论。因此，在阅读这种文章时，要注意表述细节的句子通常在前，概述性的句子在后，并以此结尾。

例文1：If you buy some well-made clothes, you can save money because they can last longer. They look good even after they have been washed many times. Sometimes some clothes cost more money, but it does not mean that they are always better made, or they always fit better. In other words, some less expensive clothes look and fit better than more expensive clothes. 例文2：Some students prefer a strict teacher who tells them exactly what to do. Others prefer to be left to work on their own. Still others like a democratic discussion type of class. No one teaching method can be devised to satisfy all students at the same time.

主题句在段落中间

当主题句被安排在段中间时, 通常前面只提出问题， 文中的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出, 而后又作进一步的解释, 支撑或发展. 例文：Nothing is as useful as a flashlight on a dark night if a tire goes flat. Few inventions are so helpful to a child who is afraid of the dark. In fact, the modern flashlight brings light to many dark situations. Finding something in the back of a closet is easy with a flashlight in hand. A camper also needs one after the light of the campfire has been out.

无主题句

有时，一篇文章里并没有明显的主题句。这时我们应该怎样来确定文章的主题或中心意思呢？其实这也不难。我们可以首先找出每一段的中心意思，各段的中心意思往往都是围绕一个中心来展开的，或者说是来说明一个问题的。这个中心或这个问题就是这篇文章的主题或中心意思。

例文：Killer bees started in Brazil 1957. A scientist in Sao Paulo wanted

bees to make more honey(蜂蜜). So he put forty-six African bees with some Brazilian bees. The bees bred(繁殖) and made a new kind of bees. But the new bees were a mistake. They didn’t want to make more honey. They wanted to attack. Then, by accident, twenty-six African bees escaped and bred with the Brazilian bees outside.

Scientists could not control(控制) the problem. The bees increased fast. They went from Brazil to Venezuela. Then they went to Central America. Now they are in North America. They travel about 390 miles a year. Each group of bees grows four times a year. This means one million new groups every five years.

Why are people afraid of killer bees? People are afraid for two reasons. First, the bees sting(叮) many more times than usual bees. Killer bees can sting sixty times a minute nonstop for two hours. Second, killer bees attack in groups. Four hundred bee stings can kill a person.

Already several hundred people are dead. Now killer bees are in Texas. In a few years they will reach all over the United States. People can do nothing but wait.

找出主题句后，再依据主题句定短文的中心

任意一篇文章通常是围绕一个中心展开并且由段落组成的；段落之间有着内在的紧密联系，而表达段落主题的句子叫主题句，通常置于段落的开头，有时在段落末尾和中间；其它的句子是用来说明和阐述主题句的；若把一个个主题句加以整理，你能悟出其中心思想，同时还可以回避、排除个别生词、难句（等困难信号）所带来的干扰，但也有一些文章的中心思想常贯穿在全文中，因而要综观全文，对全文有一个透彻的理解才行。例如：

例题：My friend Matt and I arrived at the Activity Centre on Friday

evening. The accommodation wasn’t wonderful, but we had everything we needed (beds, blankets, food), and we were pleased to be out of the city and in the fresh air.

On Saturday morning we met the other ten members of our group. Cameron had come along with two friends, Kevin and Simon, while sisters Carole and Lynn had come with Amanda. There were some other members I didn’t know. We had come from different places and none of us knew the area.

We knew we were going to spend the weekend outdoors, but none of us was sure exactly how. Half of us spent the morning caving while the others went rock-climbing and then we changed at lunchtime. Matt and I went to the caves (岩洞) first. Climbing out was harder than going in, but after a good deal of pushing, we were out at last. Though we were covered with mud, we were pleased and excited by what we’d done.

This passage mainly talks about ______________. A. the writer’s friends at the Activity Center B. the writer’s experience at the Activity Center C. outdoor sports at the Activity Center D. how to go rock-climbing and caving

在解主题大意时，以下方法可供参考。

1) 认真阅读文章的第一段或每段的第一个句子。

2) 文章的主题作者往往有意识地反复论述。抓住反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫

做主题词。

例文：If you are a recent social science graduate who has had to listen to jokes

about unemployment from your computer major classmates, you may have had the last laugh. There are many advantages for the social science major because this high-tech \灵活的) and who have good communication skills.

There are many social science majors in large companies who fill important positions. For example, a number of research studies found that social science majors had achieved greater managerial success than those who had technical training or pre-professional courses. Studies show that social science majors are most suited for change, which is the leading feature (特点) of the

kind of high speed, high-pressure, high-tech world we now live in.

Social science majors are not only experiencing success in their long-term company jobs, but they are also finding jobs more easily. A study showed that many companies had filled a large percentage of their entry-level positions with social science graduates. The study also showed that the most sought-after quality in a person who was looking for a job was communication skills, noted as \important\by 92 percent of the companies. Social science majors have these skills, often without knowing how important they are. It is probably due to these skills that they have been offered a wide variety of positions.

Finally, although some social science majors may still find it more difficult than their technically trained classmates to land the first job, recent graduates report that they don' t regret their choice of study. 3).文章或段落的主题句常常会出现在一些标志性的提示后。

例如：On the whole, in short, in a word, in brief, to sum up, to conclude therefore…

I agree with the opinion that…

Given all these points above, I would support the idea that… For all the reasons mentioned above, I would prefer…

掌握了找主题句的方法后，就可以依据主题句归纳主题。但归纳主题容易出现以下三种错误，需要同学们注意。

1) 以偏概全。即只抓住了主题的一个侧面就误以为是主题。 2) 过于笼统。即归纳的主题太泛，与细节脱节或是没有对细节加以充分论证。 3) 把观点强加给作者。读者往往根据自己的常识对文章进行判断而忽视了作者的见解。

2 掌握具体事实和重要细节：

做细节事实题的方法

在阅读理解题目中，有相当一部分是考查细节和事实的题目。细节理解题就是我们常见的wh-题，它们大多是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。有些问题可以在文章中直接找到答案，有些则要我们在理解的基础上将有关内容系统化才能找到，比如计算、排序、是非判断、图形比较等。做此类题的方法一般是先用寻读法找出与问题相关的词语或句子，再对相关的部分进行细读，排除干扰项，找出正确答案。

2.1).是非题出题形式： a.三正一误：

Which of the following is true except…?

Which of the following is mentioned except…

b.三误一正：

Which of the following is true?

这种做题方法主要与三正一误的下列问法相联系：

Which of the following is mentioned except… Which of the following is not mentioned…?

这种问题的正确选项所包含的信息通常连续出现在同一段，而且往往无列举标志词，

如first，second，third等。做题时只需阅读有关段落，根据一个选项中的关键词在其前后找其他两个正确先项，剩下一个原文中未提到的，为正确答案。 2.2) 例证题

对举例的考查为高考阅读理解的常见考点之一，这类题的基本结构为:

The author provides in line…(或Paragraph…)an example in order to…

意思是问文中举出某现象或例子的目的。

文章中举出一些例子无非是为了说明一定的道理。关键在于这个例子在原文出现的位置，但不管如何，这个例子之前或之后不远处通常都有一句总结说明性的话，这句话就是答案，即举例的目的。如果例子与全文主题有关，则例证主题，答案为主题句。如果例子与段落主题有关，就例证段落主题，则答案为段落主题句；此外，答案为例子前后总结说明性的话。 2.3）年代与数字：这个考点有几种出题方式，但不管以何种形式出现，只要题干问年代与数字，答案就对应于文章中的年代与数字。 2.4）比较：比较考点的表现形式主要有：

a.比较级与含有比较意义的词汇手段和句型结构；

b.表示绝对意义的字眼：first(第一)，least(最不)，most(最)等； c.表示惟一性的词汇：only, unique等；

阅读最好能圈出表示最高级、惟一性和绝对意义的词汇，便于做题时回原文定位。 2.5）原因：

这种题的答案在原文通常有一些表示因果关系的词汇手段提示：

result, reason;

result in(结果)，result from(由于，

base…on…(以……为基础)，be due to (由于)； because, for, why;

as a result, consequently等。

阅读时对这些提示词应该予以注意。原文相关句出现的格式都是先说原因，后说结果，而在题干中通常给出结果，就其原因提问。

Invited by Mr. Ye Huixian, host of the well received TV programme “Stars Tonight”，Miss Luo Lin, Miss Asia of 1991，appeared as the guest hostess on the Shanghai TV screen last Sunday.

Born in Shanghai and taken to Hong Kong when she was only six years old， Luo Lin has never dreamed of being Miss Asia. Her childhood dream was to be an air hostess. Before she took part in the competition, she had been an airhostess in Cat Hay Airline for seven years. However，it still took her three months to learn the art of walking on the stage, dancing, singing, making-up and other proper manners, designed by the Asia TV Station.

“It’s really a hard job for me. I won’t enter for such competition any more. Anyhow, I am quite lucky. I am also glad to have had more chance to work for the social welfare since I won the title. This time, in Shanghai, I'd love to make a deep impression on my TV audience, \said Luo Lin with a sweet smile.

Which of the following is NOT true? A. Luo Lin is a native of Shanghai.

B. Luo Lin moved to Hong Kong with her parents.

C. Luo Lin won the title of Miss Asia in 1991.

D. Asia TV Station helped Luo Lin to become Miss Asia. 解析： A、C 和D都可在原文找到答案，而B项原文列的是： taken to Hong Kong可判断不是moved to Hong Kong with her parents，因此选B。

3做推理判断题的方法

所谓推断，就是根据阅读材料中所提供的信息，推断出未知的信息。即把有关的文字作为已知部分，从中推断出未知部分。据以推断的有关文字可能是词或句子，也可能是若干句子，甚至是全文。因此，解推断题时应注意：

? 不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点，要严格按照阅读材料中所提供的信息进行推

理；

? 推理的根据来自于上下文；

? 如果某选项中的内容是阅读材料的简单重复，那它就不是推论，也就不是正确答案； ? 如果某选项所表达的内容与经验相吻合，文中却没有涉及，那它属于主观臆断的结

论，也不是正确答案；

? 如果某个选项表达的内容虽在文中提到，但很片面或很不完整，那也不是正确答案； ? 文中的虚拟语气和情态动词（should, must, may, etc.）往往能流露出作者的弦外之

音，这有助于我们确定正确答案；

? 注意作者在文章中的措辞，比如作者在形容词前用了too，excessively, rather则常

带有否定的口气；

? 某些过渡词（例如：however, but, on the contrary, what’s more）后面所表达的内

容往往能反映作者的观点和态度。

当然，解推断题的方法有多种，但最主要的就是根据词义关系推断具体细节。 通常，高考英语试题中的推断题主要有以下几种： 1．事实推断

这种推断常常针对某一个或几个具体细节，是比较简单的推断。例如：

例题：Secondly, a news story has to be interesting and unusual. People don’t want to read stories about everyday life. As a result, many stories are about some kind of danger and seem to be “bad” news.

According to the passage, which of the following can you most possibly watch on TV?

A. You often play football with your friends after school. B. Your teacher has got a cold.

C. A tiger in the city zoo has run out and hasn’t been caught. D. The bike in front of your house is lost.

2．指代推断

确定代词的含义和指代对象是阅读理解题常见的题目。要确定指代词所指代的对象，关键在于对所在上下文的正确理解。指代名词的指代词，其单复数形式英语被指代的词一致，因此数的形式可作为识别指代对象第一个辅助标志。 文章中的代词it，that，he，him或them可以指上文提到的人或物，其中it, this 和that还可以指一件事。有时代词指代的对象相隔较远，要认真查找；也有时需要对前面提到的内容进行总结，才能得出代词所指代的事。 例题：In 1901, H.G. Wells, an English writer, wrote a book describing a trip to

the moon. When the explorers（探险者）landed on the moon, they

discovered that the moon was full of underground cities. They expressed

their surprise to the \expressed their surprise. \space when you don't even use your inner space？\

H.G. Wells could only imagine travel to the moon. In 1969, human beings really did land on the moon. People today know that there are no

underground cities on the moon. However, the question that the \people\seriously thinking about it.

What does the underlined word \？ A．Discovering the moon's inner space． B．Using the earth's inner space． C．Meeting the \． D．Traveling to outer space．

由此可以看出it指上句中的the question，而the question又指第一段中\月球人\所提的问题。所以根据第一段中的问题%use your inner space？\就可以判断出答案为B。

3．逻辑推断

这类题目往往是要求根据文章所提供的背景，人物的表情，动作和语言来推断出人物的态度或感觉，因此需根据文章中所陈述的事实、论点、例证等一系列论据材料进行推理，从而得出合乎逻辑的结论，而不是根据自己的经验、态度、观点或爱好去理解文章的内涵。做这类题时，应把握作者的写作思路，预测下文可能发展的内容。文章可按事件发展的经过描写，也可按因果关系, 对比关系来描写。 例题： We are in the computer age．We often see computers at work．They are especially useful in automatic control，data processing（数据处理）and solving complicated problems．And they are finding their way into the home．The part played by computers is becoming even more important with each passing day．

More and cleverer computers will continue to appear．They will run faster，have more functions and work much more skillfully．They will take over more tasks from us，helping to change the face of our world．Some people even think that sooner or later computers will replace us．

However．．．

Which of the following statements will best continue the third paragraph？ A． Computers will soon stop developing． B． Many people like computers very much． C． Computers are as clever as man．

D． I do not think computers will replace us completely．

解析 本文采用了对比关系法来描写，前面描写了计算机的长处，但作者用However一词预示着将引出相反的观点，故答案为D。

4．对作者的意图和态度的推断

这一类考题大都要求考生就作者对论述对象持什么样的态度做出推断，如作者对所陈述的观点是赞同、反对，还是犹豫不定，对记述或描写的人、物或事件是赞颂、同情、冷漠，还是厌恶。作者的这种思想倾向和感情色彩不一定直接表述出来，而往往隐含

在字里行间。因此，进行这种推断时，我们既要依靠短文的主题思想作为推力的前提，又要注意作者的措辞，尤其是形容词一类的修饰语。 确定作者态度，可以有两种思路：

1、问全文主体事物的(包括主题)，可以根据阐述主题或有关主体事物的相关句中的形容词、副词或动词确定作者的态度；

2、如果问的是对某一具体事物的态度，则可以定位到具体相关句，然后确定答案。

因此，在阅读文章时，应能够辨认和记忆具体事实、重要细节。具体事实、重要细节是主题句的扩展、补充、说明或例证，是用来支持和说明中心思想的，而且是阅读理解测试的重要组成部分。例如：

例题1：If someone asks me: “Do you like music?” I’m sure I will answer him

or her: “Of course, I do.” because I think music is an important part of our lives.

Different people have different ideas about music. For me, I like rock music because it’s so exciting. And my favorite rock band, the “Foxy Ladies” (酷妹) is one of the most famous rock bands in the world. I also like pop music. My classmate LiLan loves dance music, because she enjoys dancing. My best friend, Jane, likes jazz music (爵士乐). She thinks jazz is really cool.

“I like dance music and rock very much.” says my brother, “because they are amazing.”

But my mother thinks rock is boring. “I like some relaxing (轻松的) music,” she says. That’s why she likes country music, I think. ①The writer likes music because he thinks ____________. A. it’s an exciting part of our lives B. it’s an amazing part of our lives C. it’s an important part of our lives

②What kind of music does the writer like?

A Rock and pop music. B Rock and dance music. CJazz and country music.

③Who likes dancing?

A. The writer. B. Li Lan. C. Jane.

④The writer’s mother thinks that country music is __________. A. amazing B. boring C. relaxing

⑤ How many people’s ideas about music are talked about in this passage?

A. 4. B. 5. C. 6.

例题2：One day a man walked into a pet shop and said to the shop assistant，“I need two small mice and about five dozen roaches (蟑螂) and two spiders.”

“What do you need these things for?” the shop assistant was very surprised.

“Well，”replied the man，“I’m moving out of my apartment and the landlord insists that I should leave the house in exactly the same condition as I found it.”

The passage suggests that when the writer moved into the house, it was ______.

A. very clean B. just cleaned by the landlord C. tidy and comfortable  D. dirty and full of insects

解析：他要搬出所租的房子，而房东要求房屋必须是他租进来时的原样，所以他须买些老鼠和蟑螂等昆虫对房屋进行“恢复”，因此推出答案为D。

例题3：Some people are never right. They never have good luck. They

usually do the wrong thing and say the wrong thing. And even if what they say or do is OK，they as a rule say it or do it at the wrong time. So these people always have problems. They often break dishes. They sometimes miss buses and airplanes.

Mr. Neff is different. He is always right. He is never wrong. He usually has good luck. He seldom has problems. He never breaks dishes. He never misses buses or airplanes. Even if he does miss them，it is always the fault of the buses or air planes. Mr. Neff knows almost everything. He doesn’t ask questions；he answers questions. He never says，“I don’t know.” Which of the following best describes the writer’s attitude to Mr. Neff? A. He finds Mr. Neff hard to understand. B. He thinks Mr. Neff wonderful. C. He feels pity for Mr. Neff. D. He does not like Mr. Neff.

解析：从作者的语气中我们可以体会他的态度，特别是Even if he does miss them，it is always the fault of the buses or the airplanes. 误了车或飞机本该是人的失误怎能归咎于车或飞机呢？明显是讥讽，也是暗示他对Mr. Neff的讨厌之情。答案为D。

例题4： Why isn’t your newspaper reporting any good news？All I read

about is murder， bribery（行贿），and death．Frankly，I’m sick of all this bad news． This author’s attitude towards the newspaper reporting is to ______ ． A． complain B． apologize C． amuse D． inform

解析：作者一是向读者说明这份报纸上只登载坏新闻，如凶杀、行贿受贿和死亡等；二是在字里行间流露出自己的抱怨情绪 （对坏新闻厌恶透了），故应选A。

4 运用构词法、语境线索等帮助来推测关键词义

在阅读中，我们或多或少会碰到一些生词和不熟悉的短语，这些生词和短语会妨碍我们对文章中心的理解，因此，如能理解文章，我们应掌握猜测词义的能力。一般来说，生词所在的句子、段落会提供很多的暗示和线索，依据这些暗示和线索（例如同义词反义词线索；解释性线索；例证性线索；标点符号线索）就可以理解生词的词义了。例如： This material is unreadable.

The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.

Like her younger sister who is gregarious, Alice also likes to make friends.

猜测词义的常用方法：

1）根据构词法（合成、派生、转化）进行判断

英语中，有很多词可以在前面加前缀，后面加后缀，从而构成一个词，乍看起来，这个词可能是生词，但掌握了一定的构词法知识，就不难猜出它的词义。如： 例文：Market research shows that Gold and others who buy organic food can

generally give clear reasons for their preferences--but their knowledge of organic food is far from complete．

2）根据定义或解释猜测词义

Skimming means looking over a passage quickly to get the main idea before you begin to read it carefully．

The harbor is protected by a jetty—a wall built out into the water．

例题：A bag is useful and the word “bag” is useful. It gives us some interesting phrases(短语). One is “ to let the cat out of the bag”. It is the same as “to tell a secret”….

Now when someone lets out (泄漏) a secret, he “lets the cat out of the bag.”

John “lets the cat out of the bag” means he ______. A. makes everyone know a secret B. the woman bout a cat C. buys a cat in the bag D sells the cat in the bag

3）根据情景和逻辑进行判断

例题：As they go around town, the police help people. Sometimes they find lost

children. They take the children home. If the police see a fight, they put an end to it right away. Sometimes people will ask the police how to get to a place in town. The police can always tell the people which way to go. They know all the streets and roads well.

In the text, “put an end to” means “______”. A. stop B. cut C. kill D. fly

4）根据并列或同位关系猜测词义

．．．，and other Germanic and Nordic peoples，who spoke what we now call Anglo-Saxon（or Old English），a Germanic language．

The \Chunnel\，a tunnel（隧道）connecting England and France，is now complete．

例题：There is a place on our earth where hot water and steam come up under the ground. It is on a large island in the Pacific Ocean. The island is North Island in New Zealand.

What does the word “steam” mean in Chinese? A. 自来水 B. 大气 C. 冰川 D. 蒸汽

5）根据背景和常识判断

The old man put on his spectacles and began to read． The door was so low that I hit the head on the lintel．

The doctor is studying glaucoma and other diseases of the eye． Mr. Smith always arrives home punctually，neither early nor late．

例题1：The following morning when I went to see how my captive (被捕获的, = caged) bird was doing, I discovered it on the floor of the cage, dead. I was

terribly surprised! What had happened! I had taken extremely care of my little bird. Arthur Wayne, the famous ornithologist, who happened to be visiting my father at the time, hearing me crying over the death of my bird, explained what had happened. “A mother mockingbird, finding her young in a cage, will sometimes bring it poison berries(毒莓). She thinks it is better for her young to die than to live in captivity.”

An ornithologist is probably a person who ______.

A studies birds B loves creatures C majors in habits D takes care of trees

例题2：Water is all around us. Water is in the ocean. Water is in the lakes and rivers. Water is in the air. There is more water than land on the earth. All living things must have it. We must have it, too. We cannot live without drinking water. Sometimes, we do not have all the water that we need. The land will dry up without water. Sometimes, there can be too much water in the land. If it rains very, very hard, the rain water will run down the hill. It takes some of the land with it when it runs down the hills. It is called erosion when the water takes the land away. “Erosion” in the passage means ____________.

A. 地震 B. 雪崩 C. 侵蚀

6）根据标点符号和提示词猜测词义

D. 霜冻

One of the obstacles to false reading is vocalizing—saying the words to themselves in a low voice．

The early scientific study of chemistry，known as alchemy，grew up in Egypt in the first few centuries A．D．

7根据转折或对比关系进行判断

根据上下句的连接词，如：but，however，otherwise等就可以看到前后句在意义上的差别，从而依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。分号（；）还可以表示转折、对比或不相干的意义。

He has been getting better，but during the night his condition deteriorated．

8根据因果关系进行判断

根据原因可以预测结果，根据结果也可以找出原因。

The biggest power failure happened yesterday. All of our ice-cream and frozen foods melted．

后一句承接前一句，前一句的原因导致后一句的结果。根据因果关系，停电很可能导致冰淇淋和冷冻食品溶化，所以melted的词义应为\溶化\。

猜答案能力

绝对词否决法;答案项中有绝对语气词的一般不是正确答案项。这些语气词有: must, always, never, the most, all, only, have to, any, no, very, completely, none, hardly等。 例题1：One of the great changes brought about by the knowledge society

is that _____ .

A. the difference between the employee and the employer has become insignificant.

B. people's traditional concepts about work no longer hold true. C. most people have to take part-time jobs.

D. people have to change their jobs from time to time.

(分析：四个选项中，C、D两项中都含有\，语气太绝对化，一般被排除。考生在剩下两项中进行选择，就大大降低了难度。)

例题2：The main idea of this passage is that _____ .

A. better use of green space facilities should be made so as to improve the quality of our life.

B. attention must be directed to the improvement of recreative possibilities. C. the urban environment is providing more recreation activities than it did many years ago.

D. priority must be given to the development of obligatory activities.

怀疑词判断法：

选项中含有不十分肯定的语气词一般是正确答案项。这些语气词有can, could, may,

should, usually, might, most(大多数), more or less, relatively, be likely to, possible, whether or, not necessarily 等。

例题1：It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes _____ A. Americans are more ambitious than people in other countries B. in many countries success often depends on one's social status

C. American businesses are more democratic than those in other countries D. businesses in other countries are not as competitive as those in America

(分析：选项B中often 一词，语气委婉，不十分肯定，故为答案。而其它三项中所表达出的语气都明显绝对化。)

例题2： According to the passage the problems of college education partly

arise from the fact that _____ .

A. society can't provide enough jobs for properly trained college graduates B. high school graduates do not fit the pattern of college education? C. too many students have to earn their own living

D. college administrators encourage students to drop out 分析：答案项C中有have to, 语气太绝对化，故被排除。而A项中can't 的语气则不十分绝对化，故为答案。

★ 此外，在作者态度题中，象中立态度(neutral)一般不是选项。在四个选项中，忽然有一个选项特别长或特别短，则此选项往往是正确选项。在两个选项中，如果除个别字外，其他部分完全一样，其中往往有一个是正确选项。\往往是用作干扰项。) 关键词对应法

(ABC=ABC法; ABC=A’B’C’法; ABC=CBA法; ABC≠ABD法) 选项中照抄原文的一般不是答案项，而同义替换的一般是选项。

锅盖法：较全面、有针对性地表达文章中心思想的，选项一般是答案项。

A. to be more successful in his career B. to solve technical problems

C. to be more specialized in his field D. to develop his professional skill

B“解决技术问题”；C“深化专业”；D“发展职业技能”。这三项表达的意思都比较具体，而A项则概括地有深度，包括了B、C、D三项内容。选项中表达意义较具体的、肤浅的（字面意思）一般不是答案项，而概括性的、抽象的、含义深刻的是答案项。 其他技巧：

1. 如果文长题少，则以略读的方式先读一遍，而后带着问题去查阅，求得要找的答案。 2. 如果文短题多，则应先仔细阅读该短文，再去做题。遇到某个题答不来时，可带着该问题去查阅某些细节。

3. 重点读段首句和段未句，看是否有主题句 4. 问题要求解答案数字、人名、地名、时间 5. 抓关键词的办法 6. 画下不懂的难句

沈阳吴军高分英语家教

地址：铁西区启工街地铁口旁第一城A组团3号一层 网址: www.sypeterwu.com 电话：

2013高考英语翻盘逆转押题预测

必考点知识清单

主讲人：吴军

第一部分：单项选择

定语从句出题思路预测 先行词 n./pron ---被定语从句修饰的,根据先行词选择连接词 物：which/that//whose 人：who/whom/that/whose 当先行词与连接词后面的名词n存在所属关系时（…的）

〖2012定从预测1〗My friend showed me round the town, was very kind of him. A. which B. that C. where D. it 〖2012定从预测2〗The road conditions there turned out to be very good, ______was more than we could expect.

A.it B.what C.which D.that

〖2012定从预测3〗I‘ve become good friends with several of the students in my school ____I met in the English speech contest last year.

A. who B. where C. when D. which

〖2012定从预测4〗The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of left their village homes for a better life in the city. A. whom

B. which

C. them

D. those

〖2012定从预测5〗A person ______ e-mail account is full won‘t be able to send or receive any e-mails. A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever 〖2012定从预测6〗In china, the number of cities is increasing ______development is recognized across the world. A. where

B. which

C. whose D. that

effects 〖2012定从预测7〗Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from the people are still suffering. A.that

B.whose

C.those

D.what

as与which均可替代整个主句

在非限制性定语从句中，均可替代整个主句. 如从句在主句之后，两者皆可用；如从句在主句之前，用as。 介词/逗号后, 永远不用that!

They failed in the exam，as/which is natural. As is known to all，the earth moves around the sun. He passed the College Entrance Examination, made his parents very happy. A. as B. which C. that D. it 〖2012定从预测8〗_____is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.

A. It B. As C. That D. What 比较：___is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month. 〖2012定从预测9〗Jim passed the driving test, A.which

B.that

surprised everybody in the office.

D.it

C.this

〖2012定从预测10〗____ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress.

A. It B. As C. That D. What

〖2012定从预测11〗Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, ______, of course, made the others envy him.

A. who B. that C. what D. which 〖2012定从预测12〗____ has been announced, we shall have our final exams next month. A. That B. As C. It D. What

地点：where/which /that 时间：when/which/that

〖2012定从预测13〗The Science Museum, we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London‘s tourist attractions. A.which

B.what

C.that

D.where

〖2012定从预测14〗I can think of many cases _____ students obviously knew a lot of English

words and expressions but couldn‘t write a good essay.

A. why B. which C. as D. where

〖2012定从预测15〗Occasions are quite rare .I have the time to spend a day with my kids. A.who

B.which

C.why

D.when

〖2012定从预测16〗We are living in an age ______ many things are done on computer. A. which B. that C. whose D. when

〖2012定从预测17〗The film brought the hours back to me_______I was taken good care of in that far-away village.

A. until B. that C. when D. where

怎么确定关系代词前用什么介词?

（1）定语从句中动词和什么介词搭配

Gun control is a subject _____ Americans have argued for a long time. (about which--- argue about sth)

There is no one _____ she can turn when in trouble

(to whom----turn to sb for help)

（2）先行词常和什么介词搭配。

The reason _________ he was late was that he got up late. (for which----- the reason for)

〖2012定从预测18〗Wind power is an ancient source of energy we may return in the near future.

A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which 〖2012定从预测19〗Gun control is a subject Americans have argued for a long time. A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which

〖2012定从预测20〗For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, New York is an example. A.for which

B.in which

C.of which

D.from which

〖2012定从预测21〗By nine o‘clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, appeared a rare rainbow soon. A.of which

易错点:插入语和定语干扰!

〖2012定从预测22〗She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction had taken more than three years. A．for which

B．with which

C．of which

D．to which

B.on which

C.from which

D.above which

〖2012定从预测23〗The newly built café, the walls of_______ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, specially after hard work.

A. that B. it C. what D. which

〖2012定从预测24〗Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, , of course, made all the others upset.

A. who B. which C. what D. that

〖2012定从预测25〗She brought with her three friends, none of I had ever met before. A. them B. who C. whom D. these

〖2012定从预测26〗Last week, only two people came to look at the house, wanted to buy it. A.none of them

B.both of them C.none of whom

定语从句真题练习

D.neither of whom

〖2009辽宁〗They‘ve won their last three matches, ________I find a bit surprising A. that B. when C. what D. which 〖2007辽宁〗Eric received training in computer for one year, he found a job in a big company. A.after that

\\B.after which

C.after it

D.after this

Chinese in the school,

〖2006辽宁〗I was told that there were about 50 foreign students most were from Germany.

B.study;of them

C.studying;of them

A.study;of whom D.studying;of whom

〖2004辽宁〗The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% ______ are sold abroad.

A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that

DBDA

名词性从句出题思路预测 区别什么从句应看主句，主句不完整时从句肯定是名词性从句。主句完整时，从句可能是定语从句，状语从句，或者同位语从句。

I have forgotten ∧where we went yesterday.

Where we went yesterday∧ is covered with all kinds of flowers. Oh! This is ∧where we came yesterday. This is the place where we came yesterday. Here, he made the promise that he would come here 10 years later. I will make a mark where he made the promise. where unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the

former.

需要用什么引导词看从句。名词性从句中缺什么意思用什么意思的引导词; 缺名词性成份时，指人用who/whom，指物用what; 不缺意思和成份时用that。That只有在宾语从句中可以省略。

〖2011江西卷〗The villagers have already known we‘ll do is to rebuild the bridge. A．this

B．that

C．what

D．which

〖2011四川卷〗Our teachers always tell us to believe in we do and who we are if we want to succeed.

A. why B. how C. what D. which

〖2011陕西卷〗I‘d like to start my own business –that‘s I‘d do if I had the money. A.why

B.when C.which D.what

易错点:插入语干扰!

〖2012名词性从句预测1〗The companies are working together to create they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century.

A. which B. that C. what D. who

〖2012名词性从句预测2〗 was most important to her, she told me, was her family. A.It B.This C.What D.As

〖2012名词性从句预测3〗The shopkeeper did not want to sell for he thought was not enough.

A.where B.how C.what D.which

[1] In my eyes, _______ is known to all _____ Chinese economy has taken off. [2] ______ is known to all, Chinese economy has taken off. [3] I took some medicine for the bad cold, but _____ didn’t help. [4] I took some medicine for the bad cold, ______ didn’t help. [5] I find ______ is a pity that he failed in the driving test. A. which B. that C. it D. As

〖2012名词性从句预测4〗 is known to us all is that the 2014 Olympic Games will take place in L.

A.It B.What C.As D.Which

Whether是解!

不充当从句的任何成分，表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性。不可以省略。

通常，引导主语从句、表语从句和引导同位语从句时，要用连词whether，不用if；习惯上也只能说whether or not，而不说if …or not。

____ the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet. A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That 试题中的从句位于句首，不难知道这是一个主语从句，所以答案是C。但是在宾语从句中表达―是否‖既可用if也可用whether。

主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,只能用 whether 引导，不能用 if . 主语从句Whether it is true remains a problem. 这件事是否真实还是个问题。 表语从句What the doctors really doubt is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.医生真正怀疑的是我母亲能否很快从重病中恢复过来。

同位语从句I am in doubt whether I should agree to the plan. 〖2012名词性从句预测5〗We‘ve offered her the job, but I don‘t know______ she‘ll accept it. A. where

B. what

C. whether

D. which

〖2012名词性从句预测6〗Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and it is

rough or smooth.

A./ B.whether C.how D.what

〖2012名词性从句预测7〗What the doctors really doubt is _____my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.

A. when B. how C. whether D. why

名词性从句真题练习

〖2006辽宁〗 makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services. A.What B.Who C.Whatever D.Whoever

A

状语从句出题思路预测 转折关系:but,however,Altough,Though,什么时候选? 〖2011四川卷〗Frank insisted that he was not asleep I had great difficulty in waking him up. A. whether B. although C. for D. so

〖2009湖南〗______ the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not arrest him.

A. Although B. As long as C. If only D. As soon as

〖2007全国Ⅰ〗Between the two generations, it is often not their age, their education that causes misunderstanding.

A.like B.as C.or D.but

〖2007湖南〗Reality is not the way you wish things to be, nor the way they appear to be, _______ the way they actually are.

A.as B.or C.but D.and

〖2012状从预测1〗Excuse me for breaking in, _______ I have some news for you. A.so B.and C.but D. yet

[1] It was in this city ______ he was born. [2] It was this city ______ he was born. [3] It was in 1989 ______ he was born. [4] It was three days _____ he was born. [5] It is three days _____ he was born.

A. where B. which C. that D. before E.since

〖2010陕西〗John thinks it won‘t be long he is ready for his new job. A. when B. after C. before D. since 〖2008北京〗I‘m sorry you‘ve been waiting so long, but it‘ll still be some time ___ gets back. A. before

B. since

C. till

D. after

〖2011四川卷〗 As it reported, it is 100 years Qinghua University was founded. A. when B. before C. after D. since

〖2012状从预测2〗The field research will take Joan and Paul about five months; it will be a long time we meet them again.

A.after B.before C.since D.when

〖2012状从预测3〗He was told that it would be at least three more months he could recover and return to work.

A.when B.before C.since D.that

〖2012状从预测4〗That was really a splendid evening. It‘s years I enjoyed myself so much.

A.when B.that C.before D.since

Brian

but,however, although

didn’t Unless/if ...not

never Without 接名词,主句有would或could until

so, therefore, as a result, accordingly because, since, as, for

前后两句一肯一否，除了转折关系,2009-2011年考的更多的是因果关系,until和unless. However和 instead同时出现在选项中时，容易选instead ；However和otherwise同时出现在选项中时容易选otherwise；but和so同时出现在选项中时容易选so（therefore） ；but和because同时出现在选项中时容易选because（as,since），具体结合语境。

〖2008北京〗—Did you return Fred‘s call?

—I didn‘t need to ____ I‘ll see him tomorrow.

A. though B. unless C. when D. because

〖2006北京〗He found it increasingly difficult to read, his eyesight was beginning to fail. A.and B.for C.but D.or

〖2007天津〗It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life______we‘ve actually had that lesson. A.until B.after C.since D.when

〖2006广东〗―You can‘t have this football back_____you promise not to kick it at my cat again.‖ the old man said firmly. A.because

B.since

C.when

D.until

〖2010上海〗 our manager objects to Tom‘s joining the club, we shall accept him as a member.

A. Until B. Unless C. If D. After 〖2010全国Ⅰ〗The little boy won‘t go to sleep ______ his mother tells him a story. A. or B. unless C. but D. whether

so that(宾语从句后面有can)是解!

〖2005北京〗I‘d like to arrive 20 minutes early A.as soon as

B.as a result

I can have time for a cup of tea.

D.so that

C.in case

〖2004全国I〗Roses need special care ______ they can live through winter. A. because B. so that C. even if D. as

〖2003安徽春〗Sally worked late in the evening to finish her report ______ her boss could read it first thing next morning.

A. so that B. because C. before D. or else

〖2002 NMET〗John shut everybody out of the kitchen _________ he could prepare his grand surprise for the party.

A. which B. when C. so that D. as if

in case (万一, 以防)是解!

〖2011山东卷〗He had his camera ready_____ he saw something that would make a good picture. A. even if B. if only C. in case D. so that

〖2010浙江〗I guess we‘ve already talked about this before but I‘ll ask you again just . A．by nature B.in return C．in case D．by chance

〖2007北京〗Leave your key with a neighbor you lock yourself out one day. A.ever since B.even if C.soon after D.in case

While

◆主句从句主语不同,表示―而?‖

I do every single bit of housework __ my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then. A. since B. while C. when ◆While置于句首可表示As long as 或 Although While I admit his good points, I can see his bad ones. much time on it.

A. If B. While C. Because D. As

〖2011四川卷〗 volleyball is her main focus, she‘s also great at basketball. A. Since B. Once C. Unless D. While

〖2010全国Ⅰ〗Mary made coffee ________ her guests were finishing their meal . A. so that B. although C. while D. as if

〖2008湖南〗 the Internet is of great help, I don‘t think it‘s a good idea to spend too much time on it.

A.If B.While C.Because D.As

〖2008四川〗In some places women are expected to earn money men work at home and raise their children.

A.but B.while C.because D.though

where

〖2010重庆〗Today, we will begin _____we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out. A. when

B. where C. how D. what

D. as

（2008湖南)______ the Internet is of great help, I don‘t think it‘s a good idea to spend too

〖2009江苏〗 __ unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.

A. Before B. Where C. Unless D. Until

〖2009山东〗The little girl who got lost decided to remain _____she was and wait for her mother. A.where B.what C.how D.who 〖2004全国III〗There were dirty marks on her trousers ____ she had wiped her hands. A. where B. which C. when D. that

as long as

〖2010江西〗— Our holiday cost a lot of money.

— Did it? Well, that doesn‘t matter______ you enjoyed yourselves. A as long as B unless C as soon as D though

However \\ Whatever However 接形容词或副词!

However (=No matter how) expensive it may be, I’ll take it.无论它有多贵，我也要买下它。

_______, I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week. A. However the study is amusing C. However amusing the story is

B. No matter amusing the story is D. No matter how the story is amusing

Whatever 接名词或从句谓语动词少宾语!

Whatever (=No matter what) I say or how I say it, he always thinks I’m wrong. 无论我说什么或怎么说，他总认为是我错。 The old tower must be saved, A.however

〖2010上海〗 you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge. A. However a serious problem B. What a serious problem C. However serious a problem D. What serious a problem

〖2008全国Ⅰ〗The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit______the season. A.whatever B.wherever C.whenever D.however

什么情况下When是答案？

the cost.

C.whichever

D.wherever

B.whatever

◆be about to do…. When …

= be on the point of doing … when…

◆Was/were doing … when…

It was raining when we arrived.(指时间点) 〖2004上海〗Jasmine was holidaying with her family in a wildlife park _____ she was bitten on the leg by a lion. A. when B. while C. since D. once When we were at school, we went to the library every day.(在一段时间内) 〖2007北京〗—Where‘s that report?

—I brought it to you you were in Mr. Black‘s office yesterday.

A.if

◆Had just done… when… hardly / scarcely … when…和no sooner … than … 〖2009福建〗She had just finished her homework her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday. A. when

B. while

C. after

D. since

◆受思维定势看到so容易错选that，符合逻辑应该是when！

〖2009重庆〗Peter was so excited _______he received an invitation from his friend to visit Chongqing.

A. where B. that ks5u C. why D. when

〖2008福建〗Nancy enjoyed herself so much she visited her friends in Sydney last year. A.that

〖2010四川〗Because of the heavy traffic, it was already time for lunch break she got to her office.

A. since B. that C. when D. until

〖2009福建〗She had just finished her homework her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday.

A. when B. while C. after D. since 〖2007北京〗—Where‘s that report?

—I brought it to you

A.if

B.when

you were in Mr. Black‘s office yesterday.

D.before

B.which

C.when

D.where

B.when

C.because

D.before

C.because

〖2006湖南〗I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busy drying myself with a towel I heard the steps.

A.while B.when C.since D.after

〖2004上海〗Jasmine was holidaying with her family in a wildlife park _____ she was bitten on the leg by a lion.

A. when B. while C. since D. once

状语从句真题练习

〖2010辽宁〗The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair_ _he wanted to sit next to his wife.

A．although B．unless C．because D．if

〖2008辽宁〗______hungry I am. I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread. A.Whatever B.Whenever C.Wherever D.However

〖2008辽宁〗I used to love that film I was a child, but I don‘t feel it that way any more. A.once B.when C.since D.although 〖2007辽宁〗We had to wait half an hour we had already booked a table. A.since B.although C.until D.before

〖2006辽宁〗He was about halfway through his meal a familiar voice came to his ears. A.why B.where C.when D.while

CDBBC

非谓语出题思路预测 有宾语主动,无宾语被动

He seats himself at the back of the classroom.（做谓语） Seating himself at the back of the classroom, he can‘t see the words on the blackboard clearly.（做状语）

He is seated at the back of the classroom. （做谓语） Seated at the back of the classroom, he can‘t see the words on the blackboard clearly. （做状语）

Dressed (dress) in a new beautiful dress, she feels more confident. Compared to /with cars, bicycles have some advantages. Judging from his expression / look on his face, he is far from satisfactory. Seen from space, the earth looks blue. Tasting good, the food was soon sold out.

【2011重庆卷】Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself of his own dreams.

A. reminding B. to remind C. reminded D. remind 【2011陕西卷】Claire had her luggage an hour before her plane left. A.check B.checking C.to check D.checked

【2011陕西卷】More highways have been built in China,_ it much easier for people to travel form one place to another.

A. making B. made C. to make D. having made

【2011全国卷II】Sarah pretended to be cheerful,_ nothing about the argument. A. says B. said C. to say D. saying

【2011天津卷】 into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order. A. Translating B. Translated C. To translate D. Having translated 【2011上海春招】Mike found his missing car in the street outside his house, newly cleaned and polished.

A. looked B. to look

C. looking

D. to be looking

【2011上海春招】 in 1955, Disneyland in California is regarded by many as the riginal fun park.

A. Opened B. Having opened C. Opening D. Being opened 【2011全国卷II】The island, to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to. A. joining B. to join C. joined D. having joined

【2011湖南卷】The players from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game .

A selecting B to selece C selected D having selected

【2011江西卷】On receiving a phone call from his wife she had a fall, Mr. Gorden immediately rushed home from his office.

A. says B.said C.saying D.to say

【2011浙江卷】Bats are surprsingly long-lived creatures, some a life span of around 20 years.

A.having B had C. have D. to have

不及物动词做状语只有working 和to work两种形式,相当于及物动词后面有了宾语doing sth/to do sth. 没有worked形式!

【2011全国卷】The next thing he saw was smoke from behind the house. A.rose B.rising C. to rise D.risen

〖2010安徽〗He had a wonderful childhood, _____with his mother to all corners of the world A. travel B. to travel C. traveled D. traveling

〖2010湖南〗Dina, for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.

A. struggling B. struggled C. having struggled D. to struggle

have sth to do

the only (best,first等)way to do

be done to do sth

【2011重庆卷】 More TV programs, according to government officials, will be produced people‘s concern over food safety.

A.to raise B.raising C.to have raised D. having raised

【2011天津卷】Passeagers are permitted only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane. A.to carry B. carrying C. to be carried D. being carried 〖2010上海〗Thai is the only way we can imagine the overuse of water in students‘ bathrooms. A. reducing B. to reduce C. reduced D. reduce 〖2007全国I〗—The last one _________ pays the meal.

—Agreed!

A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arriving

接双宾动词少一个宾语即被动done做状语!

【2011四川卷】 an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous. A.Offer B.Offering C.Offered D.To offer

〖2009江西〗_____ the right kind of training , these teenage soccer players may one day grew the international stars.

A. Giving B. Having given C. To give D. Given 〖2005福建〗When_______ help, one often says―Thank you. ‖ or ― It‘ s kind of you. ‖ A．offering B．to offer C．to be offered D．offered 〖2003北京〗____ time,he‘ll make a first-class tennis player. A .Having given B.To give C. Giving D. Given

非谓语真题练习

【2011辽宁卷】 around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people. A. Gather B. To gather C. Gathering D. To be gathering 〖2010辽宁〗Alexander tried to get his work _______in the medical circles. A. to recognize B. recognizing C. recognize D. recognized 〖2009辽宁〗______, you need to give all you have and try your best.

A Being a winner B To be a winner C Be a winner D Having been a winner 〖2008辽宁〗He was busy writing a story, only once in a while to smoke a cigarette. A.to stop B.stopping C.to have stopped D.having stopped

〖2007辽宁〗You can‘t imagine what difficulty we had ______ home in the snowstorm. A. walked B. walk C. to walk D. walking

〖2007辽宁〗The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang, who was reported ______ the world record in the 110-meter hurdle race.

A. breaking B. having broken C. to have broken D. break

〖2004辽宁〗 by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm.

A.Attracting B.Attracted C.To be attracted D.Having attracted.

CDBBDCB

情态动词 can be 可表示―有时候会‖，猜测时，can/could用于疑问句和否定句； must be 只用于肯定句/表示很有把握的猜测/翻译成―肯定/一定‖； may/might be 用于肯定句/表示没有把握的猜测/翻译成―可能也许‖.

〖2011湖南卷〗No one ________ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball. A. can B. need C. must D. might

〖2008福建〗It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it be rather cold sometimes. A.must B.can C.should D.would

〖2009安徽〗Some people who don‘t like to talk much are not necessarily shy；they just be quiet people.

A. must B. may C. should D. would

〖2008四川〗Although this sound like a simple task, great care is needed. A.must B.may C.shall D.should

〖2005浙江〗The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it be very slow.

A.should B.must C.will D.can

〖2004上海〗Children under 12 years of age in that country be under adnlt‘s supervision when in a public library.

A. must B.may C.can D.need

very strange___quite pleasant taste.

A. besides B. but C. and D. or 五、根据常识和文化背景的角度来选择 The amount of usable water has always been of great interest in the world. 36(Owning) springs and streams sometimes means control , particularly in the 37 areas like the desert.

A．dry

B．distant C．deserted D．wild

六、从语法角度来解题 I went into a café and asked for a coffee . 21 I was waiting for my drink, I realized that there were other people in the place , but I sensed 22 (loneliness). A．Before B．Since C．Although D．While Have you ever shouted at a teacher, told someone you were lonely, or said you were in love, and then 23 later you had kept your mouth shut? 23. A. wished B. hoped C. blamed D. shared 解题思路：利用语法分析解题，选项中的动词都是过去式，其后句宾语从句had kept是过去完成时，故判断是虚拟。 七、从惯用法和固定搭配方面来解题 1) He was only fourteen and was not good at swimming__1_.So he shouldn‘t have gone into that place.

1.A.after all B. in all C.at all D. for all 八、从词语辨析的角度来解题 When, two weeks later, I 38 this same boy, I was more aware of my position in Nigerian society. I should 9(enjoy) this country as the son of a minister. A. ran after

B. ran into C. ran over D. ran to

九、同义近义复现来解题 I believe that a mixture of friends is equally advantageous. One can ___7___

from various sorts of friends in three aspects. First, frequent contacts with

different friends broaden my world outlooks. Just as various kinds of nutriments

keep you healthy, making a __8__ of friends keep you lively. … Secondly, I have found that different friends can not only lead to new adventures but also show me new avenues to success in life. …

7. A. obtain B. benefit C. suffer D. earn 8. A. range B. series C. quantity D. variety

完型填空实战四招：

抓首——抓住首句,预测全文。

完形填空所选短文多没有标题,但一般首句是一个不设空(或较简单)的完整的句子,往往用以点明短文的体裁,如议论、说明或叙述等。因此,我们在解题时一定要注意以首句的时态、语态及表述方式为立足点来进行逻辑思维,判断文章体裁,找出文章中心。

捕眼——捕捉题眼,寻找契机

所谓―题眼‖,就是指那些在短文中起重要作用的关键词以及能够帮助我们解决问题问题的特定的语境。捕捉题眼,就是要迅速找到语篇中的特殊的内在联系——那些表示因果、递进、转折、指代等意义的连接词及动词、形容词、副词、同位语等,还有那些明确具体的事实(如时间、地点、人物、形状、色彩、顺序),以及它们之间的关系等。

跳身——避难就易,节省时间

在解题过程中,我们应该遵循―先易后难‖的原则,遇到少数疑难问题时不可徘徊不前。为了不影响做题速度,我们可以暂时跳过难点,去解决那些靠上下文能确定的、比较直接具体的问题。或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或明确的表示,或许一个在前面不能解的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。一般说来,固定词组、习惯搭配、常见句型及明显的语法结构等易于判断。

扫尾——复读全文,解决残敌

到了这时,借助已经补全的空白,我们应该对全文有了更清楚的理解,可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题,如采用排除法逐步缩小包围圈等方法。对于实在无从下手的个别题目,我们则完全可以凭语感来确定：

把几个选项逐一放在空格内念两遍,哪个念起来顺口、舒服就选哪个。注意：凭语感选

定的答案不要轻易改动,因为最初的感觉很可能是正确的。

在各空都已填出后,再复读全文。我们必须重视这最后的弥补疏漏,改正错误的扫尾机会,以争取最好成绩。

真题实战演练 （2011·全国新课标卷）完形填空（ 共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分 ） In our discussion with people on how education can help them succeed in life, a woman remembered the first meeting of an introductory__36__（同义复现）course about 20 years ago.（记叙文，回忆、人物、时间、事件education）

The professor __37__the lecture hall, placed upon his desk a large jar filled with dried beans（豆）, and invited the students to _38_（同义复现）how many beans the jar contained. After __39__shouts of wildly wrong guesses the professor smiled a thin, dry smile, announced the __40__ answer,（与前面wrong 相对应）and went on saying, ‖You have just __41__an important lesson about science. That is: Never__42__ your own senses.‖

Twenty years later, the __43__（上文提到的人物）could guess what the professor had in mind. He __44__himself, perhaps,as inviting his students to start an exciting __45__(概括的是答案)into an unknown world invisible（无形的）to the 46 ,which can be discovered only through scientific 47 .But the seventeen-year-old girl could not accept or顺接关系）even 48 the invitation. She was just 49 to understand the world. And she 50 that her firsthand experience could be the 51 .The professor, however, 与小女孩的观点相反的said that it was 52（与51相对）.he was taking away her only 53 for knowing and was providing her with no substitute. ―I remember feeling small and 54 ,‖（找and）the women says, ―and I did

the only thing I could do. I 55 the course that afternoon, and I haven‘t gone near science since.‖（找否定词） 36．A. art

B. history

C. science C. got through D. math D. marched into 37．A. searched fo B. looked at 38．A. count 39．A. warning 40．A. ready 41．A. learned 42．A. lose 43．A. lecturer 44．A. described 45．A. voyage

46. A. professor 47. A. model 48. A. hear 49. A. suggesting 50. A. believed 51. A. growth 52. A. firm 53. A. task 54. A. cruel 55. A. dropped B. guess C. report B. giving C. turning away B. possible C. correct B. prepared C. taught B. trust C. sharpen B. scientist C. speaker B. respected C. saw B. movement

C. change

B. eye C. knowledge B. senses C. spirit B. make C. present B. beginning C. pretending B. doubted C. proved B. strength C. faith B. interesting C. wrong B. tool C. success B. proud C. frightened B. started C. passed D. watch D. listening to D. difficult D. taken D. show D. woman D. served D. rush

D. light D. methods D. refuse D. waiting D. explained D. truth D. acceptable D. connection D. brave D. missed

【要点综述】本文是记叙文。二十年前，在第一节理科实验课上，一位教授做了一个实验，这个实验告诉学生们，不要相信自己的判断。正是这个实验让一位妇女以后远离了理科。 36. C 联系下文an important lesson about science我们知道，这是一节理科实验课。

37. D 从空后的placed upon his desk a large jar filled with…我们可以知道，老师走进了教室。 38. B 联系空后的how many beans the jar contained我们可以知道，教授让学生们猜一下，这个坛子能装多少豆子。

39. D 联系空后的shouts of wildly wrong guesses我们知道，学生们喊出了各种错误的推测，

教授听了他们喊出的答案。

40. C 联系空前的announced和空后的answer我们知道，教授向学生们公布了正确答案。 41. A 联系空后的an important lesson about science我们知道，教授认为他们学到了一堂非常重要的理科课程。

42. B 学生们的推测都是错误的，因此教授说，“不要相信你们的意识。”

43. D 联系下文But the seventeen-year-old girl could not accept…我们知道，这个妇女能够推

测教授心里是怎么想的。

44. C 前文有提示：The professor 37 (marched into) the lecture hall，由此我们可以得出答案。 45. A 联系空后的into the unknown world我们知道，教授的目的是带学生们进行一次激动人心的知识旅行。

46. B 联系后文which can be discovered only through scientific 47 (method)我们知道，这个世界是眼睛看不到的，只有通过科学方法才可以看到。

47. D 联系前文的invisible to the eye我们知道，这个世界只有通过科学的方法才可以看到。 48. A 联系空前的could not accept我们知道，她不能接受，甚至听到这个邀请。or在这里表

达前后为顺接关系，因此其他选项可以排除。

49. B 联系前文的the seventeen-year-old girl我们可以推断，这个小女孩年龄很小，只是刚刚开始认识这个世界。

50. A 空后的her firsthand experience could be the 51 (truth)是她的认识，因此我们选

believed。

51. D 联系前文我们知道，教授想告诉学生的是第一手经验并不一定是事情的真相，我们要通过科学实验来验证真相，但是小女孩的想法与之相反。

52. C 联系前文我们可以知道，教授认为小女孩认识世界的方式是错误的。 53. B 显然空前提到的her first-hand experience就是她认识世界的工具。

54. C 联系下文的haven‘t gone near science since我们知道，她对理科产生了恐惧。

55. A 联系空后的haven‘t gone near science since我们知道，那天下午她就放弃了理科。D有

一定干扰性，miss意思是“错过”，因此可以排除。

高考英语完型填空实战演练二 （ 共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分 ）

Sometimes people call each other ―scared-cat‖, but have you ever thought about this expression? When a cat is frightened, its heart starts beating faster, its muscles get tense, and there are changes in the chemicals in its blood- stream.

Although the cat doesn‘t 16 this, its body is getting ready for action. If the danger continues, this animal will do one of the two things. It will 17

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