Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are知识

Unit 3 Could you tell me where the restrooms are?

语法

宾语从句的用法：

1.定义：动词后的句子叫宾语从句。

I think我认为I wonder我想知道He said他说或He said to me 他对我说

He asked他问或He asked me他问我He told me他告诉我

2.语序：宾语从句用陈述语序（陈述语序=引导词+肯定句的构成）

①一般现在时的陈述语序是：引导词+主语+ is/are/are +其他。或引导词+主

语+ 动词原形/三单+其他

②一般过去时的陈述语序是：引导词+主语+was/were+其他。或引导词+主

语+动词的过去式+其他。

③现在进行时的陈述语序是：引导词+主语+ is/am/are+ 动词-ing +其他。

④过去进行时的陈述语序是：引导词+主语+ was/were+ 动词-ing +其他。

⑤一般将来时的陈述语序是：引导词+主语+is/am/are going to+动词原形+其

他。或引导词+主语+will+动词原形+其他。

⑥过去将来时的陈述语序是：引导词+主语+was/were going to+动词原形+

其他。或引导词+主语+would+动词原形+其他。

⑦现在完成时的陈述语序是：引导词+主语+have/has+动词过去分词+其他。

⑧过去完成时的陈述语序是：引导词+主语+had+动词过去分词+其他。

3.引导词：宾语从句的引导词有三类：

①that可省略，不翻译。He says (that) he will study hard next term.

②if/whether是否I wondered if/whether he would come here.

③特殊疑问词：如what,where,how,when等。

My teacher asked me where I lived.

4.时态：当主句是一般过去时时，宾语从句必须用过去的某种时态（如一般

1

Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?知识点

过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）

①He does his homework every day.→His mother said that he did his homework

every day.

②He is listening to tapes. →His mother said that he was listening to tapes.

③He will return here next Friday. →His mother said that he would return here

the next Friday.

④He has already finished reading the book. →His mother said that he had

already finished reading the book.

注意：当宾语从句是客观事实或普遍真理时，永远都用一般现在时。

The earth goes around the sun. →The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.

必背：

I don’t know what I can do.=I don’t know what to do.我不知道我能做什么。

I didn’t know what I could do.=I didn’t know what to do.我不知道我能做什么。

I wonder if/whether he will come here.我想知道是否他将来这儿。

I wondered if/whether he would come here.我想知道是否他将来这儿。

练习题:

1. The girls asked if they some food and drink with them.

A.could take

B.can take

C.takes

D.will take

2. The police asked the man __________.

A.where did he live

B.where does he live

C.where he lived

D.where he lives

3. Tina said she __________ to the meeting the next Tuesday.

A. won’t go

B. isn’t going

C. wouldn’t go

D. wasn’t go

4. I told my classmates Uncle Wang __________ the TV set for us.

A.will mend（修理）

B. would mend

C. is mending

D. can mend

5. They said they __________ a birthday party at 9:00 last night.

2

Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?知识点

A. were having

B. are having

C. had

D. have

6. I said to my daughter,“Don’t make any mistakes in it.” = I __________ my

daughter __________any mistakes in it.

A. asked; don’t make

B. ordered; didn’t make

C. told; not to make

D. told; to not make

7. —The earth goes round the sun.

—What did he say? I couldn’t hear him. — _____________.

A.He says the earth goes round the sun.

B.He said the earth goes round the sun.

C.He said the earth went round the sun.

D.He says the earth went round the sun.

8. Tom says he_____ wash hands before a meal.

A. must to

B. will has to

C. has to

D. have to

9.I said I (can not)hear him clearly.

10.They said they (watch)TV at this time yesterday.

11.She said that she (return) here the next Friday.

Section A

1. “问路”时为了使语气委婉、有礼貌，要经常使用Excuse me以及表示委婉

语气的Can/Could/Will/Would you please do sth.句型。（please可以省略），这样会更容易从对方那里得到消息。

Can/Could/Will/Would you please do sth? 意为“你能……吗？”

肯定回答用Sure./Of course./Certainly/With pleasure.愿意效劳/No problem/OK.否定回答用Sorry.I can’t,I have to…/I’m afraid I can’t等

Can/Could/Will/Would you please not do sth? 意为“你能不……吗？”

回答一般是Sorry, I won’t do that/it again

练习:

(1)—Could you please help me choose an MP4 player online?

—.My computer doesn’t work.

3

Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?知识点

A.I don’t care

B. I hope so

C.I’m afraid I can’t

(2)—I can’t find my seat.Could you show me,sir?

—.May I see your ticket,please?

A.Sure

B.I agree

C.Good idea

D.It doesn’t matter

(3) you wait a few more minutes? It’ll be your turn soon.

A.Must

B.Should

C.Could

D.Might

(4)—Would you please ______ football near my home? —____________.

A. not to play, No

B. not play, Yes, I will do that again

C. not play, Sorry, I won’t do that again

D. don’t play, Sorry, I won’t do that again

(5)—Could you please make me a kite? —_____ .

A. Sorry, no problem

B. Certainly, no problem

C. Excuse me, I can' t

D. No, can' t

2.在英语中，疑问词+to do形式如：how to get to the park可以作宾语，相当

于how I can get to the park（宾语从句）如：

I don’t know how to solve the problem.=I don’t know how I can solve the problem.

Can you tell me when to leave? =Can you tell me when I will leave?

背：I don’t know what to do=I don’t know what I can do?

—I will go to Harbin for my summer vacation.What about you?

—I haven’t decided where_____ .

A.go

B.went

C.going

D.to go

3.常用的问路句子：

①Excuse me.Is there a post office near here?

②Excuse me.Which is the way to the post office?

③Excuse me.Could you tell me how to get to the post office?

④Excuse me.Could you tell me how I can get to the post office?

⑤Excuse me.Could you tell me where the post office is?

4. get 意为“得到、买、到达”

4

Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?知识点

在英语中，有三个词可以表示“到达”，但用法不同

(1)arrive是不及物动词,后面需接介词at 或in,再和表示地点的名词连用.

arrive at常跟一个较小的地方;arrive in常跟一个较大的地方.

He arrived at the village at 7:30.

I will arrive in Beijing tomorrow.

(2)reach是及物动词,后面直接跟宾语

I will ring you as soon as I reach Beijing.我一到北京就给你打电话

(3)get是不及物动词,后面需加介词to,再跟表示地点的名词.

Please write to us when you get to Beijing.

注意:get和arrive后跟表地点的副词时,则不需接介词.

My father often gets home early.我父亲经常回家早.

5. get sb sth=get sth for sb意为“为某人买/拿来某物”

Why don’t you get her a scarf? = ?

Get me a cup of tea.=Get a cup of tea for me.

6.与buy有关的常用句型

(1)buy sb.sth=buy sth for sb意为“给某人买某物”

She buys her friend a present.= .

(2)buy sth from…意为“从某处买某物”She buys a present from the store.

练习：I want to buy a shirt _______ my father. A. to B. on C. for D. in

7.sell sb sth =sell sth to sb.意为“把某物卖给某人”

I sold my car to my younger brother.= .

8.turn left向左转turn right向右转

9.go past the bank=pass the bank 经过银行动词是pass，常用短语pass by.

On my way home,I pass by a bank.

10.区分between和among

(1)between指在两者之间，常用短语between … and… “在……和……之间”

Lily is between Ann and Tom.

(2)among意为“在……之间”指在三者或三者以上之间

5

Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?知识点

He sits among the children.

The workers will build a new railroad the two cities.

A.since

B.between

C.as

D.during

11.go along=go down=go up意为“沿着……向前走”，多指沿街、道路、河边

或堤坝向前走。

Go along this road,and you’ll find the bank at the end.

12.on the right/left,表示“在右边、左边”

on one’s right/left意为“在某人的右边、左边”There is a park on your right. 13.beside介词，意为“在旁边；在附近”They lived in a small village beside a river.

14.a pair of意为“一双、一对、一副、一条”用来修饰由两个部分构成的物

体。如trousers,jeans,glasses,shoes,socks等。

a pair of shoes一双鞋.two pairs of shoes两双鞋

this pair of shoes这双鞋.these pairs of shoes 这些双鞋

注意：这些词组的中心词是pair,谓语动词用单复数取决于pair (1)—Would you like to have a look at some pants? They may fit you well.

—Well,I’d like to try those blue .

A.pairs

B.one

C.pant

D.pair

(2)A pair of shoes under the bed.The shoes mine.

A.is;are

B.is;is

C.are;is

D.are;are

15.on the third floor.在三楼

There is a bank the second floor.

A.at

B.on

C.in

D.with

16. a woman teacher一个女老师two women teachers两个女老师

17.区分through,across和past

(1)through指“从物体的空间或内部穿过”穿过forest(森林)、window(窗户)和

cloud(云)时用through

They walked through the forest yesterday.

(2)across指“从物体表面穿过”穿过road(马路)、street(街道)和江河湖海时

6

Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?知识点

用across.

We walked across the street.

(3)past表示从……旁边经过、路过。

The man is walking past a shop.

(1)—Can a plane fly the Atlantic Ocean?

—Yes,but it needs to go the clouds for hours.

A.across;through

B. through;across

C.across;across

D. through;through

(2)You can go (cross) the street when the traffic lights turn green.

(3)I think it’s exciting to trek the jungle. Do you think so?

A. past

B. across

C. over

D.through

18.already 意为“已经”，yet意为“还”都是现在完成时的标志词，区别是already用于肯定句中，yet用于疑问句和否定句中。

1.I have watered the plants already.(改为否定句)

I watered the plants .

19.suggest doing sth.建议做某事She suggested going there by bike.

suggest的名词是suggestion.

Thanks to your (suggest),I got to complete the job in time.

20.on one’s way to……意为“在某人去……的路上”

Yesterday I met a friend of mine on my way to school.

on my way home.在我回家的路上。

On my way school,I pass a fruit shop every day.

A.to ;by

B.to;past

C.in;with

D.of ;for

21.在英语中习惯使用名词所有格来表示人们生活或工作的地方；习惯使用表

示职业的名词所有格，表达该职业人员工作的场所；使用某人的名字的所有格，表达某人的家。如

at the doctor’s（office）在医务室at the barber’s (shop)在理发店

at my uncle’s (house) 在我叔叔家

Many people are waiting ________ now.

7

Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?知识点

A.at doctor’s

B.at the doctor

C.in the doctor

D.at the doctor’s

22.辨析Let’s和Let us.

(1)Let’s表示向对方提建议，包括说话方和对方在内，其反意疑问句形式是

shall we.Let’s go fishing,shall we? (包括说话方和对方在内)

(2)Let us表示请求对方允许，不包括对方在内，其反意疑问句形式是will you.

Let us go,will you?让我们去，好吗？(只指说话方，不包含对方)

23. start相当于begin后面既可以接动词不定式又可以接动名词形式。

start to do sth=start doing sth begin to do sth=begin doing sth

(1)The weekend talk will begin at 10 o’clock.(选出同义选项)

A.start

B.end

C.open

D.work

(2)Tiger Woods started __________ when he was only ten months old.

A. golf（打高尔夫球）

B.golfer

C. golfing

D.golves

24.修饰形容词比较级的词有：a lot (多),a little(有点儿),a bit(有点儿),much(多), even(甚至),等

(1)—Why do you always watch Channel 10 instead of Channel 5,Grandpa?

—The programs on Channel 10 are better.

A.more much

B. much more

C. more

D. much

(2)—What a hot day!

—The weather report says it will be even tomorrow.

A.cooler

B. hotter

C. wetter

D. colder

Section B

1. inexpensive意为“不昂贵的”，其同义词为cheap，反义词为expensive/dear The sweater is inexpensive.

注意：在英语里，我们说到things时，要用“expensive,cheap”，说到price 时，要用“high,low”

2. safe是形容词，意为“安全的”，副词是safely，意为“安全地”。名词是safety，意为“安全”。反义词是dangerous意为“危险的”

I am safe now.

8

Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?知识点

We arrived there safely.

Please fasten your seat belt for your safety.

3.动词不定式常作后置定语，意为“……的”。a good place to eat吃饭的好地方。

something to eat一些吃的东西a room to live in一个居住的房间

—Why don’t you go out to play,Rose?

—I’m afraid I can’t.I have much homework .

A.do

B.does

C.doing

D.to do

4. polite是形容词，意为“礼貌的”，politely是副词，意为“礼貌地；客气地”。

impolite是形容词，意为“不礼貌地”，impolitely是副词，意为“不礼貌地；不客气地”。

(1)Tom thinks people will help him if he asks for help (polite).

(2)We should speak to the old .

A.polite

B.politely

C.impolite

D.impolitely

5.correct可作形容词，意为“正确的，恰当的”，相当于right。副词是correctly.

correct还可作动词，意为“改正”。

I can tell you the correct answer.

He answered the teacher’s question correctly.

You must correct your mistakes.

6.direct是形容词，意为“直接的；直率的”；其反义词是indirect，意为“间

接的”；副词是directly，意为“直接地”。

This is because it is a very direct question.

7. 区分because of和because

(1)because of其后不接句子。

We didn’t go fishing yesterday because of the heavy rain.

(2)because其后接句子.He is late for shool because he gets up late

(1)Liu Xiang had to give up the race his foot.

9

Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?知识点

A. because of

B. because

C. though

D.even if

(2) M ary didn't get to the party yesterday________ she didn't feel well.

A. if

B. because

C. but

D. until

8.动词后加-or构成的名词有：visitor参观者actor男演员inventor发明家

9.区分like/such as和for example

(1)like做介词，意为“像……”，用来列举同类人或物中的几个例子，后面

不能有逗号，相当于such as

There are many kinds of fruit in the supermarket,like /such as apples,bananas and pears.

(2)for example意为“例如”，列举同类人或物中的一个例子，其后要用逗

号隔开。

I’d like to keep a pet,for example, a cat.

(1)Many heroes are ready to help others,Lei Feng, .

A.such as

B. like

C. for example

D. example

(2) Many girls like red, Ann and Lucy.

A. that is

B.for example

C. namely

D. such as

10.include是动词，意为“包括，包含”。including可用作介词，意为“包括”

。

The price includes both the house and the furniture in it.

There are seven people in my family,including my grandparents.

11.区分spend,pay,cost和take

(1)人+ spend(spent)+时间/金钱+(in)doing sth或on sth

I spent five dollars (in)buying the book.I spent five dollars on the book.

(2)人+pay(paid)+金钱+for sth I paid five dollars for the book.

(3)物+cost(cost)+人+金钱The book cost me five dollars.

(4)It takes(took)+人+时间+to do sth.

It took me five hours to finish homework.

(1)I’m afraid it’ll you much time to work out the problem.

A.spend

b58dcbd2d7bbfd0a79563c1ec5da50e2524dd10de

C.need

D.take

10

Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?知识点

(2)I ＄300 for the bike.

A.took

B.spent

C.cost

D.paid

(3)You look really cool in the new dress, dear. How much did you ________ it?

A. ask for

B. think about

C. find out

D. pay for

(4) —Do you take exercise every day?

—Yes.I always thirty minutes walking after supper.

A.spend

B.cost

C. take

D. pay

(5)—The T-shirt looks nice on you! How much does it ?

—I just ten dollars for it.

A.take,afforded

B.cost;paid

C.cost;spent

(6)It took me two hours ___ my homework last night.

A. to finish

B. finishing

C. finish

D. for finishing

12.thank sb for (doing) sth.＝thanks for (doing) sth.意为“因（做）某事而感谢

某人”

Thank the boy for his advice.

Thank you for(=Thanks for) teaching us so well.

Thanks very much for i me to your birthday party.

13. would like“想要”= want后面接三种形式

(1)would like sth“想要某物”I’d like some dumplings.

(2)would like to do sth“想要做某事”They’d like to play football after school.

(3)would like sb to do sth.“想要某人做某事”

She’d like me to go shopping with her.

(1)I’d like them _____（stay）for dinner with us.

(2)They want some green tea.（同义句）

They _____ ______ _____ green tea.

(3)My brother would like______ a friend of ______.

A. to see, him

B. seeing, him

C. to see, his

D. seeing, his

14. Would you like sth?用于委婉的提出建议，或征求对方意见。

11

Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?知识点

肯定答语：Yes, please. 否定答语：No, thanks.

—Would you like some tea? —Yes, please. /No, thanks.

15.Would you like to do sth?用于委婉的提出建议，或征求对方意见。

肯定答语：Yes, I’d like/love to

否定答语：I’d like/love to,but +不能去做某事的理由。或Sorry, +不能去做某事的理由。

—Would you like to go swimming with us?

—Yes, I’d love to/Sorry,I have too much homework to do.

注意: 带would like和Could you please的句子, 用于委婉的提出建议，或征求对方意见。所以变成疑问句时some不变成any,something不变成anything.

(1)—Would you like a cup of tea? — _______.

A. I’d like milk

B. Yes, I would

C. You’re welcome

D. Yes, please

(2)She’d like some rice. （改为一般疑问句）

______ she _____ _____ rice?

(3)—Would you like some bread? -________.

A. No, I wouldn’t

B. That’s all right

C. Yes, please

D. Yes, I would

(4)—Would you like camping with me?

—I’d like to.But I’m busy my homework.

A.to go;to do

B. to go;doing

C. going;to do

D. going;doing

(5)Would you like to come to my birthday party?______.

A. Yes, I would

B. Yes, I’d love to

C. No, I wouldn’t

D. No, I wouldn’t to

16. look forward to doing sth意为“期盼做某事”

I’m looking forward to seeing you again.

—I’m looking forward to my parents soon.What about you?

—Me too.

A.seeing

B.see

C.saw

D.to see

17. on time意为“准时，按时”; in time表示“及时”，at times=sometimes

有时at the same time同时all the time“一直，总是”

12

Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?知识点

Please don’t be b58dcbd2d7bbfd0a79563c1ec5da50e2524dd10de here on time.

The man was just in time for the plane.

At times I make mistakes when I speak English.

The twins always go to bed at the same time.

Kitty works hard all the time.

Don’t worry,We still have ten minutes to reach there .

A.at times

B.by the time

C.all the time

D.on time

18. one of+the +形容词最高级+名词复数意为“……之一”

China is one of the biggest countries in the world.

Xi’an is one of capital in China.

A.older;city

B. the older;city

C. oldest;cities

D. the oldest;cities

13

Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?知识点

本文来源：https://www.bwwdw.com/article/00ol.html