推荐精品英语高三一轮复习系列外研学案导学版文档：第二部分 重

教育教学咨询

第七讲 主谓一致

第一课时 知识过关课

主谓一致

?????????????????

三个原则

?

????????

??②many a＋单数名词（许多）/more than one（不止一个）作主语，谓语用单数。

语法一致?③anyone，somebody，everything，nothing，each，either等作主语，谓语用单数。

?? （neither，none作主语，口语或非正式语中用复数，正式书面语用单数）

①主语是单数，谓语动词用单数；主语是复数，谓语动词用复数。

意义一致

?????

①形式单数但意义为复数的people，the police，cattle等谓语用复数。②表示一类人的the poor/rich/dead/injured/wounded等谓语用复数。③表示某国人的总称的the Chinese，the British，the Irish等谓语用复数。④形式复数但意义为单数的news，maths，physics，politics等谓语用单数。

⑤单复数同形的名词sheep，deer，means，works等作主语，谓语应与实际意义一致。⑥表示时间、距离、金额等复数名词作主语，看作一个整体时为单数。⑦集合名词family，class，group，audience依具体意义而定。

?由not only...but also；neither...nor；either...or；whether...or，not...but等连接主语。

就近原则?

?there be后有多个并列名词时。

几个难点

???????

①不定式、动名词、从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

②A＋together with，along with，with，except，but，as well as＋B作主语，谓语动词与A一致。③先行词＋which/who/that（作主语）引导定语从句，从句谓语与先行词一致。④one of＋复数名词＋关系代词作主语引导的定语从句，从句谓语用复数。⑥all/some/half/any/part/the rest＋of＋名词或代词作主语，谓语与of后的词一致。

⑤the （only） one of＋复数名词＋关系代词作主语引导的定语从句，从句谓语用单数。⑦a （large） number of＋复数名词作主语，谓语用复数。⑧the number of＋复数名词作主语，谓语用单数。⑨quantities of...作主语，谓语动词用复数。

⑩a day or two（一两天）之类的短语作主语，谓语用单数。 （比较：one or two days作主语，谓语用复数）

读语篇，悟语法。反复朗读下列短文。领悟画线黑体部分。思考：主谓一致包括哪些原则？分别在什么情况下使用语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近原则？ My seatmate James, whose parents have been teaching[1] English in Guangzhou for ten years，comes[2] from the United States, which is[3] one of the most developed countries in the world.He as well as his parents enjoys[4] living in Guangzhou because neither James nor his parents find[5] it difficult to adapt to the life in China.In their

教育教学咨询

教育教学咨询

opinion, many a custom here is[6] easy to understand and ten years is[7] enough for them to get used to all the customs.

I, together with James, extremely like[8] English but physics seems[9] rather difficult for us.Besides，both he and I are[10] very fond of reading story books, and the Arabian Nights is[11] one of the most interesting books that have been read[12] by us.Our class is[13] united as a big family.Now the class are[14] preparing for the coming sports meet, so large quantities of our recent time have been spent[15] on it.What we need is[16] a qualified coach because being trained properly is[17] of great importance.We each are all aware that each of us plays[18] an important role in our class.We have decided to hold a celebration if getting a good result but when and where we are going to hold it hasn’t been decided[19].

1.语法一致原则，复数主语用复数谓语动词。 2.语法一致原则，单数主语用单数谓语动词。

3.意义一致原则，若主语形式上为复数，而意义上是单数，动词要用单数。本句中的the United States虽然形式上是复数，但指的是一个国家，替代它的which作主语，谓语用单数。

4.语法一致原则，“A as well as/together with/with B”结构在主语位置时，主语是A，因此，谓语动词与A保持一致。

5.就近原则，由or，either...or，nor，neither...nor，not only...but also，not...but连接的并列主语，通常按照就近一致原则，谓语动词的单、复数形式依照靠近它的主语而定。

6.语法一致原则，“many a(很多)/more than one(不只一个)＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

7.意义一致原则，表示时间、距离、金钱、重量、度量、容量、温度等的复数名词作主语时，通常看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。

8.语法一致原则，主语后面接说明主语的修饰语together with，谓语动词不受修饰成分的影响，仍保持同主语一致的关系。

9.意义一致原则，以－ics结尾表示学科的名词作主语时，通常表示单数意义，谓语动词用单数形式。

教育教学咨询

教育教学咨询

10.语法一致原则，当主语是both...and连接的并列结构，如果主语指的是两个或两个以上的人或物，则谓语动词用复数。

11.意义一致原则，复数形式的专有名词(表示国家、城市、机构、组织以及书籍、报纸、杂志等)作主语，通常作为整体看待，谓语动词用单数。

12.语法一致原则，one of＋复数名词＋定语从句，之前有the only，the very，the just等限定词时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式，如没有这些限定词和修饰语，定语从句的谓语动词采用复数形式。

13.意义一致原则，集体名词class如果作整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式。 14.意义一致原则，集体名词class如果作个别成员看待，谓语动词用复数形式。 15.当“(large)quantities of＋可数或不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 16.当what引导主语从句，或由and连接两个动词不定式或动名词作主语时，谓语动词的数应根据意义一致的原则来决定。

17.语法一致原则，非谓语动词(动词的－ing形式、不定式)作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。

18.当“each＋of＋名词/代词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 19.语法一致原则，从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。

Ⅰ.单句填空(用所给词的正确形式填空)

1.Either you or the headmaster is (be) to hand out the prizes to those gifted students at the meeting.

2.The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class，was visiting (visit) a museum when the earthquake struck.

3.Two fifths of the land in that district is(be) covered with trees and grass. 4.Nowadays, a large number of women，especially those from the countryside，work (work) in the clothing industry.

5. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth are being washed ( wash ) away each year.

6.He is the only one of the students who has been (be) a winner of scholarship for three years.

教育教学咨询

教育教学咨询

7.Every possible means has been used( use ) to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear.

8.When and where to go for the on－salary holiday has not been decided(not, decide) yet.

9.She has set a new record, that is, the sales of her latest book have reached(reach) 50 million.

10.Professor Smith, along with his assistants，is working (work) on the project day and night to meet the deadline.

11.He was pretending ( pretend ) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. 12.“Your father has at last decided to stop smoking.”Jane was informed(inform). Ⅱ.单句改错(下列每句中有一处错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改，请指出并改正。)

1.Tom have been reading that book all the morning so he is tired now.have→has 2.As everybody knows, politics are now taught in all schools.are→is 3.Kate, one of my good friends, come from Guangzhou.come→comes 4.As we all know, people speaks English all over the world.speaks→speak 5.The teacher, together with his students, are planting trees on the street.are→is 6.Not only the students but also the teacher wish for a holiday.wish→wishes 7.It is the parents and their son that wants to buy the bicycle.wants→want 8.Many a student have been sent to plant trees.have→has 9.Bill was standing at the side of the car, talking to two men who was helping him to repair it.第二个was→were 10.To read English aloud every morning do you a lot of good.do→does Ⅲ.语篇填空(阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。)

Our school library，along with many other buildings, is very different from

other schools’.There 1. (be) two computer rooms，three art rooms, a meeting room and a reading room in the library building.The number of the books 2. (be) large, and maybe there are 100, 000 books in it.It is said that all the books cost our

教育教学咨询

教育教学咨询

school 200，000 dollars.Maybe 200，000 dollars 3. (be) large to every student.In the era of knowledge explosion, the number of the students who 4. (have) a thirst for knowledge is increasing day by day.Nowadays, our library has been developed into a multifunctional building.There are 50 computers in it.Many a student 5. (like) to surf the Internet at weekends here，and now you can see that my classmates, Mike and John 6. (play) computer games there.When you turn to another room, you will find that a professor and writer 7. (deliver) a speech.Each boy and each girl 8. (focus) on his interesting speech.Every time there is a wonderful speech, the audience always 9. (cheer) up.You are entering our art exhibition.A teacher with his students is at the room.On the wall 10. (be) 100 pictures, which attract many students.An expert and teacher is explaining something important to us.

【语篇导读】 本文主要介绍了学校图书馆的功能室以及学生周末在里面的活动情况。

1.are [因there be...句型中be动词常与离其最近的主语保持一致。] 2.is [主语是the number of＋名词的复数时，谓语动词用单数形式。] 3.is [时间、金钱、距离、重量等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。]

4.have [关系代词who，that，which等在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数保持一致。]

5.likes [many a＋名词作主语时，中心词是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式。] 6.are playing [两个名词由and连接作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数。] 7.is delivering [当and连接的两个名词是指同一人时，谓语动词应该用单数形式。“a professor and writer”意思是“一个教授兼作家”。]

8.is focusing [用and连接的单数主语，前面有each，every，no等修饰时，谓语动词要用单数形式。]

9.cheer/cheers [集体名词group，class，family，army，audience等作主语时，如果强调集体，谓语动词用单数形式；如果强调个体，谓语动词用复数形式。] 10.are [在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语保持一致。]

第二课时 高考研究课

教育教学咨询

本文来源：https://www.bwwdw.com/article/95ka.html