青岛市个人消费信贷市场现状及风险对策研究 - 图文

青岛市个人消费信贷市场现状及风险对策研究

摘要：自1978年改革开放以来，我国由计划经营逐步转型为市场经济。经过三十多年的发展，我国经济增速迅猛，居民的生活水平以及消费水平逐渐提高，因此，消费信贷作为金融信贷品种之一，也开始成为消费者的借贷途径之一。在这一大背景下，商业银行作为个人消费信贷的主体开展了各种类型的个人消费信贷业务。除了商业银行之外，其它金融机构同样在不断开拓个人消费信贷市场，不断进行金融创新。个人消费信贷的出现对于我国国民经济的发展，保持国民经济的增速，推动消费的增长有着重要的意义，对于国民的经济生活影响深远。虽然，个人消费信贷市场作为新兴信贷品种在如火如荼地发展着，但是由于在个人消费信贷上面我国起步较晚，并且还没有在消费理念、贷款种类以及信贷管控上形成完善的体系，所以在个人消费信贷市场当中存在许多风险，例如市场风险、信用风险、利率风险等等。而这些问题则需要在对个人消费信贷市场的现状做出全面而准确的分析的基础之上，针对问题的症结提出相应的准确对策，在实务操作当中对于个人消费信贷市场进行指导。

青岛市作为我国的地级市之一，在近些年个人消费信贷市场得到了充分的发展。青岛市居民的消费理念已经不同于以往，其发生了很大的改变。青岛市居民的消费能力以及消费水平相对于十年之前也有了较大提高。因此，不论是从个人消费信贷的规模上还是从个人消费信贷在信贷市场中的比重上来看都是在不断提高的。在青岛市的个人消费信贷市场当中，主要以住房贷款、汽车贷款以及助学贷款为主。虽然个人消费信贷总体上是成增长的趋势，但是笔者通过对于青岛市的消费信贷数据进行深入研究之后发现，青岛市个人消费信贷在近些年的增速实际上是逐渐缓慢的，尤其是2008年美国经济危机爆发之后，对我国的经济走势也产生了很大影响，体现在青岛市个人消费信贷市场上就是住房贷款、汽车贷款、助学贷款增长速度的下降甚至停滞。除了经济危机这一原因之外，汽车贷款以及助学贷款的违约率过高也是这一类个人消费信贷增速放缓的原因之一。 除了近几年青岛市的消费信贷数据之外，笔者还对于青岛市的个人消费信贷市场中的风险管理的现状进行了深入分析。从这些分析当中，笔者发现虽然青岛市的个人消费信贷市场是在不断地扩张的，但是现今的青岛市个人消费信贷市场却是问题重重，比如消费信贷机构种类不多，消费信贷市场的体系很不完善，金融创新跟不上消费者的消费理念等等。于是基于青岛市个人消费信贷市场当中存在的问题，笔者借鉴了国外个人消费信贷市场当中的经验，结合青岛市自身个人消费信贷市场的具体实情，提出了对于青岛市个人消费信贷市场应对风险的对策以及解决青岛市个人消费信贷市场当中的问题的路径。笔者认为，如要解决青岛市个人信贷消费市场当中的问题应当从建立消费者个人诚信档案、政府对于个人消费信贷的加强、个人消费信贷保险制度的完善入手，建立更为规范的个人消费信贷市场体系，保证青岛市个人消费信贷市场的良性发展。 关键词：个人消费；个人消费信贷市场；青岛市；风险管理

Abstract: since reform and opening up in 1978, from a planned management gradually transition to a market economy in our country. After 30 years development, our country economic growth rapidly, people's living standard and consumption level gradually improve, therefore, as one of the varieties of financial credit, consumer credit began to become one of the consumer lending way. In this big background, the commercial Banks as the main body of personal consumption credit has carried out various types of personal consumption credit business. In addition to commercial Banks and other financial institutions also continuously expand in personal

consumption credit market, ongoing financial innovation. The emergence of personal consumption credit for the development of the national economy, maintain the growth of the national economy, promote the growth of consumption is of great significance, for had a profound impact on the national economic life. Although, personal consumption credit market as an emerging varieties of credit in the raging fire

development, but due to the above personal consumption credit in our country started late, and not in consumption concept.

In recent years, Qingdao as one of the prefecture, personal consumption credit market got fully development. Qingdao city residents' consumption concept is different from the past, the great changes have taken place. Qingdao city residents' consumption ability and consumption level relative to a decade ago have greater improvement. Therefore, whether from the scale of individual consumer credit or from personal consumption credit in terms of the proportion in the credit markets are rising. In the personal consumption credit market of Qingdao, mainly for housing loans, car loans and student loans. Although the personal consumption credit is a growing trend on the whole, but the author through to conduct the thorough research to the consumer credit data of Qingdao city after found that Qingdao personal consumption credit is actually gradually slow its growth in recent years, especially the United States in 2008 after the outbreak of the economic crisis, situation has also had a great influence on our country's economy, reflect on personal consumption credit market in Qingdao. In addition to consumer credit data of Qingdao city in recent years, the author also for personal consumption credit market in Qingdao present situation has carried on the thorough analysis of risk management. From these analysis, the author found that although Qingdao personal consumption credit markets are in constant expansion, but today's personal consumption credit market in Qingdao is fraught with problems, such as consumer credit agency lacked variety, consumer credit market system is not

perfect, financial innovation to keep pace with consumer's consumption concept, and so on. Then based on the problems of personal consumption credit market, Qingdao city, the author draw lessons from the foreign experience of personal consumption credit market, on the basis of the truth of Qingdao city their own personal

consumption credit market, put forward for Qingdao personal consumption credit market countermeasures against risks and solve the problem of Qingdao of personal consumption credit market of the path. The author thinks that, if want to solve the problem of Qingdao of personal credit consumption market should be from establishing the consumer.

Key words: personal consumption; Personal consumption credit market. Qingdao city; Risk management

目录

第一章 引言 ..................................................................................................... 6

1.1选题背景 ................................................................................................ 6 1.2研究的目的和意义 ................................................................................... 7 1.3理论综述 ................................................................................................ 7 1.4论文的研究思路和方法 ............................................................................ 9 1.5论文的研究内容和基本框架...................................................................... 9 第二章 个人消费信贷风险理论概述 .................................................................. 10

2.1个人消费信贷风险概念的界定 ................................................................ 10

2.11消费信贷 ..................................................................................... 10 2.12消费信贷风险 ............................................................................... 11 2.2个人消费信贷风险的产生 ....................................................................... 12

2.21 个人消费信贷市场中的博弈分析 .................................................... 12 2.22个人消费市场中的道德风险 ........................................................... 13 2.23个人消费市场中的选择风险 ........................................................... 13

第三章 青岛市个人消费信贷市场及风险管理现状 ............................................... 14

3.1青岛市个人消费市场现状 ....................................................................... 14

3.11市民消费观念发生转变 .................................................................. 14 3.2青岛市个人消费信贷市场发展现状 .......................................................... 17

3.21青岛市个人消费信贷范围不断扩大 ................................................. 17 3.22青岛市个人消费信贷发展速度下降 ................................................. 18 3.23青岛市个人消费信贷在总体信贷中的比例不断加大 .......................... 19 3.24青岛市个人消费信贷主要贷款品种为住房贷款 ................................. 19

3.25汽车贷款在青岛市个人消费信贷中规模逐年下降 .............................. 20 3.26助学贷款在青岛市个人消费信贷中发展滞后 .................................... 20 3.3青岛市个人消费信贷市场资产信用质量现状 ............................................. 21

3.31青岛市助学贷款信用质量逐渐降低 ................................................. 21 3.32青岛市汽车贷款信用质量较差 ........................................................ 21 3.33青岛市住房贷款信用质量最好 ........................................................ 22 3.4青岛市个人消费信贷市场风险管理中存在的问题 ...................................... 22

3.41青岛市人消费信贷市场监管体系不健全 ........................................... 22 3.42青岛市个人消费信贷机构过于简单 ................................................. 23 3.43青岛市个人消费信贷品种过于单一创新性不高 ................................. 23

第四章 国际个人消费信贷市场风险管理的经验 .................................................. 24

4.1美国个人消费信贷市场风险管理的经验及金融危机的教训 ......................... 24 4.2德国个人消费信贷市场风险管理的经验 ................................................... 25 4.3日本个人消费信贷市场风险管理的经验及教训 ......................................... 25 4.4新加坡个人消费信贷市场风险管理的经验 ................................................ 26 4.5香港个人消费信贷市场风险管理的经验及教训 ......................................... 27 第五章 青岛市个人消费信贷市场风险管理评估 .................................................. 28

5.1青岛市个人消费信贷市场的政策风险 ...................................................... 28 5.2青岛市个人消费信贷市场的信用风险 ...................................................... 29 5.3青岛市个人消费信贷市场的利率风险 ...................................................... 30 5.4青岛市个人消费信贷市场的市场风险 ...................................................... 30 5.5青岛市个人消费信贷市场的流动性风险 ................................................... 31 5.6青岛市个人消费市场的抵押物风险 .......................................................... 31 第六章 应对青岛市个人消费信贷市场风险的对策 ............................................... 32

6.1通过建立个人信用档案防控个人消费信贷市场中的信用风险 ...................... 32 6.2通过政府监管加强个人消费信贷市场的风险防控 ...................................... 32 6.3通过发展和完善保险制度防范个人消费信贷市场中抵押物风险 .................. 33 6.4通过建立消费信贷担保保证制度防范个人消费信贷市场中的市场风险 ......... 33 6.5通过调整信贷结构防范个人消费信贷市场当中的利率风险 ......................... 34

6.6通过建立信贷消费二级市场防控个人消费信贷市场中的流动性风险 错误！未定义书签。

结论 ................................................................................................................ 34 参考文献 .......................................................................................................... 35

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