欧洲风能协会 《全球风能展望2030》报告

欧洲风能协会 《全球风能展望2030》报告

Green GrowthThe impact of wind energy on jobs and the economyA report by the European Wind Energy Association - April 2012

欧洲风能协会 《全球风能展望2030》报告

Green GrowthThe impact of wind energy on jobs and the economya report by the European Wind Energy Association

Text and analysis: Athanasia Arapogianni, Jacopo Moccia (European Wind Energy Association) Data collection and data analysis: Deloitte Contributing author: Justin Wilkes (European Wind Energy Association) Revision and editing: Sarah Azau (European Wind Energy Association) Design coordination: Raffaella Bianchin (European Wind Energy Association) Cover photo: LM Glasfiber Design: Print: www.artoos.be

EWEA has joined a climate neutral printing programme. It makes choices as to what it prints and how, based on environmental criteria. The CO2 emissions of the printing process are then calculated and compensated by green emission allowances purchased from a sustainable project.

Published in March 2012

ISBN: 978-2-930670-00-3

欧洲风能协会 《全球风能展望2030》报告

“Wind energy is a pivotal element in the necessary transition to a green growth economy. The way I see it, decarbonisation is a prerequisite to growth. Investments in energy system transformation will drive growth and employment in a wide range of sectors. Every euro spent on the green transition is an investment in European jobs.”Danish Energy and Climate Minister Martin Lidegaard in Wind Directions magazine, April 2012

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Green Growth– The impact of wind energy on jobs and the economy

欧洲风能协会 《全球风能展望2030》报告

ContentExecutive summary .......................................................................................................................4 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 10 2. Current status of wind energy and growth forecasts ......................................................... 12 3. Direct impact of wind energy sector on EU economy ........................................................ 163.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 Direct contribution to GDP ......................................................................................................... 17 Wind industry sub-sectors’ contribution to direct GDP ..................................................................... 21 Wind energy sector exports and imports ....................................................................................... 31 Direct impact on employment ....................................................................................................... 34 Tax balance ................................................................................................................................ 37 Avoided fuel costs ....................................................................................................................... 38

4. Indirect impact of the wind energy sector on the EU economy ........................................ 404.1 Indirect contribution to GDP .......

................................................................................................... 41 4.2 Indirect employment .................................................................................................................... 43

5. Overall impact of the wind energy sector on the EU economy ......................................... 445.1 Total impact on GDP .................................................................................................................... 45 5.2 Total employment ........................................................................................................................ 48

6. Economic effort in R&D ........................................................................................................ 50 7. Forecast to 2020 and 2030 ................................................................................................. 547.1 Total contribution to GDP .............................................................................................................. 55 7.2 Employment ................................................................................................................................ 58

8. EU wind energy sector– the global leader .......................................................................... 608.1 Activity of European energy players in non-EU countries .................................................................. 61

9. Annexes .................................................................................................................................. 64Annexe Annexe Annexe Annexe Annexe I. Methodology ...................................................................................................................... 65 II. Calculating the wind energy sector’s direct contribution to GDP .............................................. 66 III. Calculating the wind energy sector’s indirect contribution to GDP ........................................... 69 IV. Activity of European wind energy players in third countries ..................................................... 73 V. Contribution to GDP and employment by MW/MWh ................................................................ 91

Green Growth– The impact of wind energy on jobs and the economy

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欧洲风能协会 《全球风能展望2030》报告

Photo: Siemenns

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

欧洲风能协会 《全球风能展望2030》报告

The wind energy industry: a driver for economic growthThe wind energy industry is a proven recessionbusting industry and investment in the wind power sector should be seen as a way to restore Europe’s economy to health. Putting in place stable legislative frameworks which encourage the building, installing and operating of wind turbines has resulted in economic growth since the financial and economic crisis, and will continue to lead to economic growth. Governments and the European Commission should therefore see wind energy as not only a solution to climate change and a way to improve energy security, but also a way to boost ec

onomic growth and competitiveness. As such, investment in the wind industry should be seen as a strategy to deliver economic growth, and stable legislative frameworks to promote the development of the wind industry should be maintained and enhanced, even in times of austerity. In 2010 the wind energy sector– both directly and indirectly– contributed

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