CATIA V5培训教程中

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5.4 Dress-Up Features工具栏

装饰特征(Dress-Up Features)可以在完成简单实体的基础上,不改变整个零件的基

本轮廓下进行修饰操作,此类修饰包括圆角(Fillet)、倒角(Chamfer)、拔模角(Draft Angle)、薄壳(Shell)、厚度(Thickness)和攻螺纹(Thread/Tap)等6类功能。

1. 圆角Fillet

使用此功能可以进行各种圆角的生成操作,右基本边线圆角(Edge Fillet)、变半径圆角(Variable Radius fillet)、面与面的倒圆角(Face-Face Fillet)和Tritangent Fillet等方式。

其工具条如下所示:

(1) 边线圆角Edge Fillet

边线圆角操作步骤:

的功能可以在实体的边线进行倒圆角的操作。

I. 点击边线圆角按钮,进入“Edge

Fillet Definition”,选择需要倒圆的边,或选择需要倒圆的面(系统自动寻找与面相关的边线);

II. 在Radius栏中填入圆角半径值,注意

不可超过厚度;

III. 选择圆角延伸方式(Propagation):

Tangency和Minimal。Tangency方式可以将所有与选择边线相切的边线倒圆

角;Minimal只会沿最近的边线倒圆角;

IV. 在Tangency方式下,选择“Trim ribbons”则系统自动将两重叠的圆角消去。

(2) 变半径圆角(Variable Radius fillet)

与边线圆角的功能基本相同,但可以使圆角的半径在一条边线上进行变化。选择圆角对象时只能选择边,不能选择面。

操作步骤:

I.

一般步骤与上“边线圆角”相同,直接在Radius中输入倒角半径,则会导出两端等半径的圆角,这与边线圆角相同。

II. 若需要两端半径不同,则可

以用鼠标左键双击边线两端的圆角标识(橙色圆点),则弹出“Parameter Definition”对话框,在对话框中填入所需的半径值

即可。

III. 若需要再增加圆角半径变化的数目,则在“Variable Edge Fillet”对话框中点击

Points项,再在欲增加的控制点的边线位置上单击一点,然后双击此点,弹出“Parameter Definition”对话框,在框中填入此位置的半径值即可。

IV. 对话框中的Variation项中可以选择圆角半径过渡的方式:Cubic和Linear方式。

(3) 面与面的倒圆角(Face-Face Fillet)

在两个面之间作倒圆角操作。

点击“面与面间倒圆角”按钮径即可。

注意:圆角的半径不能超过曲面的高度,且不能小于两面最短距离的一半。

,选择两个之间需要倒圆的面,填入倒圆半

(4) Tritangent Fillet

此功能可以将零件的某一面用倒圆角的方式改变成一个圆曲面。

I.

点击Tritangent Fillet按钮

II. 在对话框中点击Face to Fillet栏,选择与想通过圆角的方式变成圆曲面相连接的两面;

III. 选择想变成圆曲面的平面,填入

“Face to Remove”栏。 IV. 点击“OK”,完成操作。

2. 倒角Chamfer

利用“倒角Chamfer”功能可以将尖锐的直角边磨成光滑的斜角边线。 选择步骤:

(1) 点击倒角按钮

,弹出对话框(Chamfer Definition);

(2) 单击想倒角的平面或边线

填入对话框中的“Object(s)to Chamfer”栏; (3) 单击平面时,整个平面的

边线都会被倒角; (4) 选择倒角的模式。在对话

框中中“Mode”栏中选择倒角方式,Length/Angle选项需指定倒角边长与倒

角的角度;Length1/Length2选项要求分别选择边线两侧去除材料的距离。欲改变倒角的方向可以单击图中的箭头。

3. 拔模斜角Draft Angle

拔模斜角(Draft Angle)可以在实体上实现放置各种拔模斜特征(Drafts),包括拔模角(Draft Angle)、拔模反射线(Draft reflect line)与变化拔模(Variable Draft)等3种方式。

单击按钮右图示)。

下的黑色三角形,即可得到Drafts的工具栏(见

(1) 拔模角Draft Angle

利用拔模角(Draft Angle)提供的功能,可以把零件中需要拔模的部分向上或向下生成拔模斜角。此功能非常易于操作和实现,具体操作步骤如下:

I.

设计出一个需要拔模的实体

模型; II. 点击拔模角按钮

按钮;

III. 在“Angle”栏中填入拔模斜角的度数。

IV. 选择需要拔模的面,填入“Face(s)to Draft”中。

V. 单击拔模的基准面(即拔模后不改变大小的平面)填入“Neutral Element”的“Select”

栏中。

VI. 单击“OK”,即可以得到具有拔模角的零件。

对于拔模角还有一项特殊功能,用在决定拔模的基准面,其操作如下:

I.

设计一个零件,要拔模的面与一平面处相交位置(如下图所示);

,弹出如下所示的对话框,在“Draft Type”中选择“Constant

II. 进入“拔模角对话框”,选择侧面为“Face(s) to Draft”,选择平面为“Neutral

Element”的“Selection”,再填入拔模角度Angle,确定后得到具有拔模斜度的零件,但注意:拔模后作为Neutral Element的平面所在的截面大小不变。 III. 进入“拔模角对话框”,点击“more>>”,得到如下对话框,按上面的选择后,

在“Parting Element(部分拔模)”项中选择“Define parting element”,单击“Selection”,选择拔模的底面(即此面以下不拔模),选择平面作为拔模的底面,单击“OK”,可以得到平面以上拔模,而以下的不变。(注意:保证Neutral Element与底面一致。)

IV. 若在“Parting Element”项中选“Parting=Neutral”及“Draft both sides”,则

产生在拔模基准面上下的反方向拔模的零件(即以拔模基准面作为镜像)。

(2) 拔模反射线Draft Reflect Line

拔模反射线(Draft Reflect Line)可以将零件中的曲面按某条反射线为基准线(neutral line)来进行拔模。

I. 设计一个有曲面的零件 II. 单击“拔模反射线”按钮

III. 选择要拔模的曲面填

入“Face(s)to Draft”中。

IV. 填入拔模角(即与

Pulling Direction的夹角),注意:Pulling Direction(图中箭头的方向),且拔模角与曲

面相切才能完成曲面的部分拔模。 V. 单击“OK”。

“拔模反射线”还有另一项功能,可以在圆柱曲侧面上进行拔模。

如果圆柱与其它实体相交,则可以直接操作;

如果圆柱与实体不相连,可以在“More>>”中Parting Element中的Define parting element,选择一个平面(概念与上一部分相同),可以设置拔模的终止面。单击“OK”即可完成圆柱体的延伸拔模。

(3) 变化拔模Variable Draft

变化拔模功能可以在实体上放置变化斜度的拔模角特征。 操作步骤如下: I. II.

单击“变化拔模”按钮

,再单击要拔模的面;

单击基准面,填入“Neutral Element”的Selection中,单击“Preview”,欲拨模面的左右两端会出现拔模角数值,鼠标左键双击数据,则可以更改此处的拔模角数值;

III. 单击“Points”框,在基准面与拔模面的共同变上单击一点,即可增加拔模斜度的变化点;

IV. 设置好各个变化点的角度,单击OK,即可完成有变化拔模特征的操作。

4. 薄壳Shell

薄壳功能致。

可以实现将实体零件中空和薄壳化,其操作方式与UG中的方式基本一

进入“Shell Definition”对话框;

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对话框中的“Default Inside Thickness”和“Default Outside Thickness”分别表示薄壳的内部厚度和外部厚度,外部厚度是向外的增厚,内部厚度是指从表面向内部所延伸的厚度。

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“Faces To Remove”表示想镂空的面(即薄壳厚去除的面)。 “Other Thickness faces”可以指定某面在薄壳厚的厚度。

5. 厚度Thickness

厚度Thickness可以在实体或坯料上挤出厚度,而保持图形的基本轮廓不变。

指定提升的厚度值Default Thickness和想要提升厚度的面(Default thickness faces)即可。

可以对不同面提升不同的厚度(“Other thickness faces”指定提升不同厚度的面)。

6. 螺纹Thread/Tap

利用螺纹功能可以在圆形实体或圆孔上标示螺纹符号,但它只在实体旋转和绘制工程图时才会有作用。

整个操作与钻孔中的螺纹生成相似。

在“Thread/Tap”对话框中:

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需要选择进行螺纹标注的工作面“Lateral Face”;

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螺纹的起始面“Limit Face”,“

Thread

Diameter”为螺

纹直径,“Thread Depth”为螺纹深度,“Patch”为螺距。

5.5 Surface-Based Features工具栏

此功能是以曲面为基础,建构新的实体零件,它包含了分割(Split)、厚度曲面(Thick surface)、封闭曲面(Close Surface)和缝合曲面(Sew Surface)等4个功能。

1. 分割Split

利用分割(Split)功能可以通过平面或曲面切除相交实体的某一部分。步骤如下:

(1) 点击分割按钮

,选择平面或曲面;

(2) 出现对话框,在“Split Element”中已选

择的平面或曲面,图中的箭头代表着保留实体的方向,单击箭头,可以将箭头方向反向。

(3) 单击“OK”即可。 2. 厚度曲面Thick surface

厚度曲面(Thick Surface)可以让曲面(可以是实体的表面)沿其法矢方向拉伸变厚。步骤如下:

(1) 点击厚度曲面按钮

(2) 点击欲变厚的曲面,填入到对话框的

“Object to offset”,并在对话框中填入所需的尺寸。Offset为箭头方向所增加的曲面厚度,Second Offset为箭头方向相反方向上的厚度。

(3) 单击“OK”,完成操作。

3. 封闭曲面Close Surface

封闭曲面(Close Surface)可以将曲面构成的封闭体积(Close Volume)转换为实体,若为非封闭体积CATIA也可以自动以线性的方式封闭。

4. 缝合曲面Sew Surface

缝合曲面(Sew Surface)可以将实体零件与曲面连结在一起。

与分割操作基本一致,只是“缝合曲面”之后曲面继续保持在操作之后的实体中,且曲面必须完全放置在实体中;而分割操作只是得到分割后的实体,曲面不一定要放在曲面之中。

5.6 Transformation Features工具栏

提供对实体零件进行移动(Translation)、镜像(Mirror)、样式(Patten)和比例(Scale)

等操作,进而修改或产生新的实体。它的功能按钮如下图所示。对于Translation和Patten来说,它本身还有几种类型。

1. 位置转换Translation

此类变换用于改变实体零件的位置,包括移动(Translation)、旋转(Rotate)和对称(Symmetry)等3种方式,单击“Translation Features”中按钮的黑三角形,则出现Transformation 工具条。

在具体操作之前,系统出现提示框:

(1) 移动Translation

可以移动实体零件的位置。

(2) 转动Rotate

可以使零件绕某一轴进行转动。

(3) 对称Symmetry

能够使零件相对于平面作对称的移动。

2. 镜像Mirror

可以使实体对某一基准面产生镜像,即可以产生与基准面左右对称的两个实体。

操作步骤: I.

选择要镜像的实体,点击“镜像” 按钮

II. 选择镜像基准面,填入对话框的“Mirroring Element”中; III. 单击“”即可完成操作。

3. 样式Pattern

选择一个特征作为参考样式,以多种数组的方式重复应用这些样式,样式分为

矩形、环形和用户自定义等3种方式(You may need to duplicate the whole

geometry of one or more features and to position this geometry on a part. Patterns

let you do so.)。单击按钮下的黑三角形,即可得到Pattern工具栏。

(1) 矩形样式Rectangular Pattern

矩形样式(Rectangular Pattern)以选择的特征为样式,以矩形排列的形式确定它的排列方式。

操作步骤:

I.

单击

按钮,弹出“Rectangular Pattern

Definition”对话框。

II. 选择要阵列的特征对象,填入对话框中

“Object to Pattern”的“Object”中。 III. 点击作为参考方向的对象填入对话框中

“Reference Direction”的“Reference element”中(一般选择特征对象所在的平面);

IV. 对话框中“First Direction”项代表矩形的

横排,“Second Direction”项代表矩形的列,Instance为复制的数目,如果方向不对,可以点击“Reverse”按钮,或在图形中点击表示方向的箭头;

V. 在“first Direction”和“Second Direction”

中有Parameters栏,用于选择排列参数的方式:

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Instance(s)&Spacing:设置样式的数量和间距;

Instance(s)&Length:设置样式的数量和总长度; Spacing&Length:设置样式的间距和总长度。

注:使用鼠标点击复制样式的中心点,可以除去或添加此复制样式。

(2) 环形样式Circular Pattern

圆形样式(Circular Pattern)可以使用户以选择的特征为样式,以圆形数组的方式重复应用这个样式。

操作步骤如下:

I. 选择出要阵列的特征对象; II. 单击环形样式按钮

,弹出“Circular Pattern”对话框,则系统自动选择

已选定的对象为“Object to Pattern”中的Object;

III. 在“Reference Direction”中选定旋转的参考元素(Reference element),

一般选择一条轴线作为旋转轴(此轴线可以事先设计好);

IV. 对话框中的“Axial Reference”表示设置环形特征阵列的数目与排列情况;“Crown Reference”设置环形排列有几圈及每圈之间的间距。 V.

Axial

Reference”选项中的Parameters可以设置环形样式排列的设置,分别是:

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Inst

ance(s) & Angular spacing:环绕的个数和样式之间的角度值;

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Instance(s) & total angle:环绕样式的格数和总的角度值; Angular spacing & total angle:各个样式之间的角度和总角度值; Complete crown:每圈的样式个数。

对话框中“Crown Definition”项中的Parameters中有3个功能选项:

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Circle & circle

spacing:对话框中Circle(s)填入想要围绕的圈数;Circle Spacing填入每圈间的距离;

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Circle & Crown

thickness:填入围绕的

Circle(s)圈数和Crown Thickness最里圈到最外圈的距离;

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Circle spacing & crown thickness:每圈之间的距离和最里到最外圈间的距离值。

(3) 用户自定义样式

为用户提供自己定义样式的排列方式的功能,排列的位置点必须用户在草图中预先定义好(作为Instances中Positions的位置点),还要指定一点为Anchor点,以便于确定“Object to Pattern”的参考点。

4. 缩放Scale

缩放(Scaling)的功能可以对原来对象作等比例缩放。

Reference为选择的参考基准;Ratio为放大或缩小的比例。

5.7 体Body

所代表的所有操作(可以包括草图、实

体(Body)就是在树形图上的绿色齿轮符号体等)的结果。

当用户无法利用一个单体(Body)内的操作完成一个完整的零件实体时,可以在同一个零件设计文件内单击组件按钮

(在主菜单“Insert”中),建立一个新的体(Body),

再利用布尔操作(Boolean Operation)通过“Body”之间的布尔运算,完成复杂实体零件的建立。

一个零件中有多个“Body”,可以通过单击鼠标右键,在弹出菜单中选择“Define In Work

Object”确定当前工作实体,接下来的构建操作都是在“当前工作实体”中进行的,即隶属于新体(Body)。

不同的“体”之间可以没有关联性,用户可以单独移动或修改任一个“体Body”而不会影响其它组件。

欲移动不同的“体”需使用指南针工具,使用鼠标将指南针拖拉至欲移动的“体”上,即可移动此“体Body”。(注意:不同的之间不能有关联关系,若有关联关系,例如,一个体的草图是建立在另一个体的面上的,则它们之间就存在有关联关系了。)

操作步骤:

(1) 将指南针移到指定的“体”上; (2) 点击要移动的“体Body”;

(3) 点击指南针坐标轴或表示面的弧及其它,用鼠标的MB1拖动指南针的相关轴或

弧,即可实现“体”的移动、旋转。

注:建议在建立不同的“体”之时,利用已有的“体”的面或其它关系,建立新建“体”的草图,这样在进一步进行布尔运算时,可以方便地建立不同“体”之间的位置关系,而不利用指南针进行确定。

5.8 Boolean Operations工具栏

在有两个以上的“体”存在时,可以利用布尔运算功能,进行“体”之间的布尔运算,

通过这些运算将不同的“体”联结在一起。这些运算包括联结(Assemble)、布尔加(Add)、布尔交(Intersect)、布尔差(Remove)、联结修剪(Union Trim)和Remove Lump等不同的运算操作。其工具栏如上图所示。

1. 联结Assemble

联结(Assemble)功能可以将不同组件组合成单一组件,彼此之间有层级关系。

操作步骤如下:

(1) 单击联结按钮

(2) 如果Body2想加入Body1,则先选择Body2

到对话框的Assemble项,再选择Body1到After项中,意思是将body2联结在Body1之后。

(3) 点击OK,则此操作可以将Body2加入Body1组合成一个“体”。 2. 逻辑运算Boolean Operation

单击Boolean Operations工具栏中的按钮的黑色三角形,即可得

到逻辑运算工具栏,它包括联集(Add)、差集(Remove)和交集(Intersect)3种运算功能。下面进行详细叙述:

联集Add

联集(Add)即是add a body to another body. Adding a body to another one means uniting

them. 步骤:

(1) 点击联集按钮

(2) 先选择相加入另一个Body中的Body到对话框的Add栏中; (3) 再选择上一Body要加入的目的Body到对话框的After栏中; (4) 选择OK。

注意:By default, the application proposes(建议)to add the selected body to Part

Body.

You will note that:

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the material common to Part Body and Body.1 has been removed。 both pads keep their original colors.

You cannot re-apply the Assemble, Add, Trim, Intersect, Remove and Remove Lump commands to bodies already associated to other bodies.(对于已经与其它Bodies建立关联的Bodies不能再使用Assemble, Add, Trim, Intersect, Remove 和 Remove Lump 命令)。 However, if you copy and paste the result of such operations elsewhere in the tree you can then use these commands.(但是对此操作的结果且可以在树的任何地方使用布尔运算进行拷贝和裁剪)

Avoid using input elements that are tangent to each other since this may result in

geometric instabilities in the tangency zone.(避免使用相互相切的元素,因为这样可能在相切区域引起几何不稳定性的后果).

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差集Remove

差集(Remove)可以在某一“体”内移除某一“体body”与另一体相交的材料部分,即是remove a body from another body.

步骤:

(1) 单击想移去的“Body”;

(2) 再单击差集按钮,则弹出差集(Remove)对话框,

系统将想移除的“体body”自动填入到Remove栏中;

(3) 选择想去除上步所选的“体body”; (4) 单击OK即可。

注意:

? You cannot re-apply the Assemble, Add, Trim, Intersect, Remove and Remove Lump

commands to bodies already associated to other bodies.(对于已经与其它Bodies建立关联的Bodies,不能再使用Assemble, Add, Trim, Intersect, Remove 和 Remove Lump 命令)。

?

Avoid using input elements that are tangent to each other since this may result in

geometric instabilities in the tangency zone.(避免使用相互相切的元素,因为这样可能在相切区域引起几何不稳定性的后果).

交集Intersect

取两个以上Bodies的相交部分(The material resulting from an intersection operation between two bodies is the material shared by these bodies.) 注意:

?

You cannot re-apply the Assemble, Add, Trim, Intersect, Remove and Remove Lump commands to bodies already associated to other bodies. However, if you copy and paste the result of such operations elsewhere in the tree you can then use these commands.

? Avoid using input elements that are tangent to each other since this may result in geometric instabilities in the tangency zone.

3. 联集修剪Union Trim

联集修剪(Union Trim)功能可以使两个以上“体”之间同时进行交集、联集和差集等操作,完成单纯使用布尔运算无法完成的操作。Applying the Union Trim command on a body entails defining the elements to be kept or removed while performing the union operation.

The following rules are to be kept in mind:

? Rule 1

REMOVE: Selected bodies ONLY are removed

? Rule 2

KEEP: selected body is kept. All other bodies are removed

? Rule 3

REMOVE is not necessary if KEEP specification exists

Concretely speaking(具体来说), you need to select the required bodies and specify the faces you wish to keep or remove.

操作步骤如下:

? ? ? ?

选择联集修剪按钮

首先单击要修剪的Body(到对话框的Trim栏中); 然后再单击与其Union的Body(到对话框中的With栏中);

再选择要保留的面到“Faces to Keep”或选去除的面到“Faces to remove”中;

4. Remove Lump

使用Remove Lump可以移除单一体内多余且不相交的实体。不相交的实体可以是一个“体Body”中绘制出的,也可以是布尔运算之后的不相交实体。

5.9批注工具栏Annotations

利用批注工具栏可以再实体上标注文字或符号,用来强调某些设计特征,

或者使观看此实体零件的用户看到其它的信息。它有两种标注方式:带箭头文字(Text with Leader)和带箭头标注(Flag Note with Leader)。

1. 带箭头文字

“带箭头文字Text With Leader”可以在零件上以箭头指向某个位置,并加上标注文字内容。

2. 带箭头的标注

“带箭头标注Flag Note With Leader”可以与一个文件、网页和图片建立器连接。

5.10 Reference Element工具栏

利用Reference Element工具栏可以建构空间的点、线、面等基本几何元素,这些元素可

以作为构建其它图形时的参考。 下面我们分别进行叙述:

1. 点Point

系统提供各种点的构建方法,单击按钮,弹出

“Point Definition”对话框,在“Point type”中选择各种建立点的方法。 坐标点Coordinate

直接输入坐标点,可以选择Reference Point坐标原点。

曲线上的点On Curve

在曲线上建立点,曲线也可以是实体的边线。建立的具体步骤如下:

I.

“On Curve”;

II. 在“Distance to reference”选项中选择

“Distance on curve”按钮,可在Length栏中输入建立点到曲线端头的距离,也可以在“Reference”项的“Point”栏中选择一点作为距离参考点,缺省是以曲线的端头作为参考点的。可以“Reverse Direction”更改计算参考点距离的方向。

III. 在“Distance to reference”选项中选择“Ratio

of curve length”,则以比例的形式来放置点,若填入的Ratio值为0.4,则表示建立点与端点的距离和线段长度的比例为0.4;

进入“Point Definition”,选择Point Type为

同样,可以另外确定Reference Point;

IV. Nearect Extremity为将计算点放置到最近的曲线端点;Middle Point为曲线的中点

建立点,用“Ratio of curve length”的话,Ratio为0.5。 V. 单击“OK”,完成点的建立。 平面上的点On Plane

在平面上建立点。

系统自动建立Reference Point,输入H、V值作为坐标;

也可以设置参考点(Reference Point),坐标值是以此点为基准的距离值。 曲面上的点On Surface 在曲面上建立点。

圆心点Circle Center

可以在圆形图中的中心位置建立点 曲线切点Tangent On Curve 在直线与曲线相切处建立点。 中间点Between

在两点的连线上建立一点,Ratio代表点与两点之间距离的倍数。

2. 直线Line

提供在空间建立直线的功能,系统提供数种具体的建立方式。 对话框中的Start与End为直线向两点以外延伸的长度。

? ? ? ? ? ?

两点连线Point-Point 起点与方向Point-Direction

与曲线垂直或倾斜Angle/Normal to curve 与曲线相切Tangent to curve 与曲面垂直Normal to surface 平分线Bisecting

3. 平面Plane

提供建立不同于XY 、YZ、ZX的平面,来作为绘制图形或实体的参考。平面的建立方式有许多种,在下面一一讨论:

? ? ?

偏移平面Offset from plane

平行某一面且过一点Parallel through point 与平面垂直或倾斜Angle/Normal to plane

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

三点成面Through three points 两线成面Through two lines 点与直线成面Through Point and line 过平面曲线Through Planar Curve 与线垂直Normal To Curve 与曲面相切Tangent to Surface 方程式Equation(Ax+By+Cz=D) 多点的平均面Mean Through Points

5.11 Advanced Replication Tools工具栏

PowerCopy的用途在于将一群相关的特征组成一个集合,这个集合可以用在不同的零件文件中。PowerCopy能进一步修改每一个特征的值,并采用参数化设计的概念,比起样本只能单纯复制特征,PowerCopy的功能更为强大。

1. PowerCopy命令

2. Instantiate From Document命令

5.12坐标轴系统Axis System

This task explains how to define a new three-axis system locally. There are two ways of defining it: either by selecting geometry or by entering coordinates.

1. Select the Insert -> Axis System... command or click the Axis System icon . The Axis System Definition dialog box is displayed.

注意:选择对话框中的“Current”按钮,则当前建立的坐标系为当前坐标系。

2. An axis system is composed of an origin point and three orthogonal axes. For instance, you can start by selecting the vertex as shown to position the origin of the axis system you wish to create. The application then computes the remaining coordinates. Both computed axes are

then parallel to those of the current system.一个坐标轴系统是由一个原点和三条直

角轴组成。例如,可以选择一个顶点作为所希望建立坐标轴系统的的原点,则系统自动计算其余的坐标轴,缺省的是所计算的轴与当前系统的坐标轴平行。

I. 原点Origin

Instead of selecting the geometry to define the origin point, you can use one of the following contextual commands available from the Origin field:

? Create Point: for more information, refer to Points

? ? ?

Coordinates: for more information, refer to Points

Create Midpoint: the origin point is the midpoint detected by the application after selection of a geometrical element. Create Endpoint: the origin point is the endpoint detected by the application after selection of a geometrical element

II. 坐标轴系统类型Axis System Type

You can choose from different types of axis system:

? Standard: defined by a point

of origin and three orthogonal directions (by default the current directions of the ccompass).通过一个原点和三条

直角方向(缺省与指南针方向相同)

Here only the point was selected and nothing specified for the axes.在这里,只

选择了一个点,没有指定轴。

? Axis rotation: defined as a standard axis system and a angle

computed from a selected

reference.定义方式如同标准轴系统(Standard Axis System),并且利用一个选定的参考来计算一个角度。

Here the Y axis was set to the standard axis system Y axis, and a 15 degrees angle was set in relation to an edge parallel to the X axis. 这里Y轴的设置方式如同标准轴系统Y轴

的设置方式,15度表示绕X轴转动的角度。

(操作方式:选定一轴;然后选定过此轴的面作为参考;在设定围绕此轴的转角即可。)

? Euler angles: defined by three

angle values as follows.

Angle 1= (X, N) a rotation about Z

transforming vector X into vector N. Angle 2= (Z, W)

a rotation about vector N transforming

vector Z into vector W. Angle 3= (N, U)

a rotation about vector W.

3.If you are not satisfied with x axis, for instance click the X axis field and select the edge as shown to define a new direction for x axis. The x axis becomes colinear with this edge.

4.Check the Reverse option to reverse the x axis direction. Clicking the axis reverses its direction too.

Note that there are two types of axis systems, right-handed and left-handed. The dialog box indicates the type close to the Current option.

5.The application also lets you define axes through coordinates.

Right-click the Y Axis field and select the Coordinates... contextual command. The Y Axis dialog box appears.

6.完成原点与坐标轴的建立之后,点击OK。

The axis system is created. It is displayed in the specification tree. When it is set as current, it is highlighted as shown below.(当它设置为当前坐标系的话,它在树中显示的亮的。)

设置的局部坐标系时固定的,如果项约束它,则先要使它与系统的其它要素隔离开,否则会过约束。(Local axes are fixed. If you wish to constrain them, you need to isolate them (using

Isolate隔离 contextual command) before setting constraints otherwise(否则) you would obtain over-constrained systems.)

The display mode of the axes is different depending on whether the three-axis system is right-handed or left-handed and current or not.

Right-click Axis System.1 and select the Set as current contextual command. Axis System.1 is now current. You can then select plane xy for instance, to define a sketch plane.

III. 编辑一个坐标系统Editing an Axis System

You can edit your axis system by double-clicking it and entering new values in the dialog box that appears. You can also use the compass to edit your axis system. For more about the compass, refer to CATIA- Infrastructure User's guide Version 5.

Note also that editing the geometrical elements selected for defining the axes or the origin point affects the definition of the axis system accordingly.

Right-clicking Axis System.X object in the specification tree lets you access the following contextual commands:

? Definition...:redefines the axis system

? Isolate: sets the axis system apart (分开)from the geometry

? Set as Current/Set as not Current: defines whether the axis system

is the reference or not.

IV. Creating an Axis System when Creating a New Part

An option lets you create an axis system when you are creating a new part. To know how to access this option, refer to Customizing a CATPart document.

5.13测量Measuring

测量工具条Measure Toolbar,包括三种测量类型:

Measure Minimum Distances and Angles: Click this icon, set the

desired measure type, the measure mode and select a surface, edge or vertex.

Measure Properties: Select the desired item and click this icon. Measure Inertia: Click this icon and select the desired item

1. 测量距离和角度Measuring Distances & Angles between Geometrical

Entities

This task explains how to measure minimum or

maximum distances and, if applicable, angles between geometrical entities (points, surfaces, edges, vertices and entire products).

(1) 测量类型measure

type:

? Between (default type):

between selected items. ? Chain

measures distance and, if applicable, angle

: lets you chain measures with the last selected item becoming

the first selection in the next measure. ? Fan

: fixes the first selection as the reference so that you always

measure from this item.

(2) Defining Selection 1 & Selection 2 Modes:

Any geometry (default mode): measures distances and, if applicable, angles between defined geometrical entities (points, edges, surfaces, etc.). Note: The Arc center mode is activated in this selection mode.

(3) Defining the Calculation Mode:

? Exact else approximate (default mode): measures access exact data

and wherever possible true values are given. If exact values cannot be measured, approximate values are given (identified by a ~ sign).

? Exact精确: measures access exact data and true values are given. Note

that you can only select exact items in the geometry area or specification tree.

In certain cases, in particular if products are selected, a warning dialog box informs you that the exact measure could not be made.

? Approximate近似: measures are made on tessellated objects and

approximate values are given (identified by a ~ sign).

(4) Customizing Your Measure

You can, at any time, customize the display of the results in both the geometry area and the dialog

box.

To do so, click Customize... in the Measure Between dialog box and set your display in the Measure Between Customization dialog box.

Note: Measuring minimum distance, maxium distance and maximum distance from 1 to 2 are mutually exclusive options. Each time you change option, you must make your measure again.

Point 1 and point 2 give the coordinates of the two points between which the distance is measured.

2. 测量Measure Item

用于测量选择元素的特性。This task explains how to measure the properties

associated to a selected item (points, edges, surfaces and entire products).

(1) 定义Selection 1

模式(Defining the Selection 1 Mode)

? Any geometry

(default mode): measures the properties of

the selected item (point, edge, surface or entire product). ? Point only: measures the properties of points. Dynamic

highlighting is limited to points.

? Edge only: measures the properties of edges. All types of edge

are supported.

? Surface only: measures the properties of surfaces.

In the last three modes, dynamic highlighting is limited to points, edges or surfaces depending on the mode selected, and is thus simplified compared to the Any geometry mode.

(2) 定义计算模式Defining the Calculation Mode

? Exact else approximate (default mode): measures access exact data and

wherever possible true values are given. If exact values cannot be measured, approximate values are given (identified by a ~ sign).

? Exact: measures access exact data and true values are given. Note that you

can only select exact items in the geometry area or specification tree.

In certain cases, in particular if products are selected, a warning dialog box informs you that the exact measure could not be made.

? Approximate: measures are made on tessellated objects and approximate

values are given (identified by a ~ sign).

Click Customize... in the Measure Item dialog box to see the properties the system can detect for the various types of item you can select. By default, you obtain:

3. 测量惯性距Measure Inertia

This task explains how to measure the inertia properties of an object.

You can measure the inertia properties of both surfaces and volumes, as well as retrieve the density or surface density if valuated from V4 model type documents. You can also retrieve inertia equivalents set in Knowledgeware formulas. The area, density, mass and volume (volumes only) of the object are also calculated.

Measures are persistent: a Keep Measure option in the Measure Inertia dialog box lets you keep the current measure as a feature in the specification tree.

附录1

The following list contains all possible document types (in alphabetical order):

1. All Bitmap Files: Lets you browse BMP files from within a

session, without having to use another application.

2. All CATIA V4 Files :Lets you open V4 documents such

as .model, .session or .library files.

3. All CATIA V5 Files:Lets you open V5 documents such

as .catalog or .CATAnalysis files, for example.

4. All CATIA CAA Files:Lets you browse CAA files such

as .CAABsk or .CAADoc files. 5. All Standard Files:Lets you browse files such as .igs, .wrl, .step

or .stp files.

6. All Vector Files :Lets you browse files such as .cgm, .gl, .gl2

or .hpgl files.

7. 3dmap:Lets you browse 3dmap (i.e. spacemap representation)

files.

8. Act:Lets you browse process libraries which contain a number of

different classes or types of activities interactively defined by the user. For more information, see \with Process Libraries\DELMIA – DPM Process Planner User's Guide.

9. Asm:V4 Assembly Modeling document saved as an Assembly

Design document i.e. CATProduct. For more information, see the CATIA - Assembly Design User's Guide.

10. Bdf:Allegro specific format. For more information, see CATIA -

Circuit Board Design User's Guide.

11. Brd: Mentor Graphics specific format.

12. Catalog:Catalog documents. For more information, see Using

Catalogs.

13. CATAnalysis:Analysis document. For more information, see

CATIA - Generative Structural Analysis User's Guide.

14. CATDrawing:Generative Drawing or Interactive Drafting

document. For more information about the Generative Drafting and Interactive Drafting workbenches, see the CATIA -

Generative Drafting User's Guide and CATIA - Interactive Drafting User's Guide.

15. CATfct:Feature Dictionary and Business Knowledge Template

files. Refer to Starting the Feature Dictionary Editor and to the CATIA - Business Process Knowledge Template User's Guide.

16. CATMaterial :Material library. For more information, see the

CATIA - Real Time Rendering User's Guide.

17. CATPart:Part Design document. For more information about the

Part Design workbench, see the CATIA - Part Design User's Guide.

18. CATProcess :Process document. For more information, see the

CATIA - Prismatic Machining Users Guide. 19. CATProduct :Assembly Design document. For more information

about the Assembly workbench, see the CATIA - Assembly Design User's Guide.

20. CATSystem:Functional system management file. For more

information, refer to the CATIA - Product Function Definition and CATIA - Product Function Optimization User's Guides. 21. Cdd:CATIA-CADAM file.

22. Cgm:ANSI/ISO standardized platform-independent format used

for the interchange of vector and bitmap data. 23. DenebProcess 24. dbnzip

25. dxf/dwg:Autocad DXF and DWG formats. Creates a

CATDrawing document. For more information, see \a CATDrawing into a DXF/DWG File\CATIA - Generative Drafting

User's Guide.

26. Idf:Document generated by an IDF application. For more

information, see CATIA - Circuit Board Design User's Guide. 27. ig2:2D IGES file, saved as a CATDrawing document. For more

information, see \the CATIA - Data Exchange Interfaces User's Guide.

28. Igs:IGES file saved as a Part Design document, i.e. a CATPart

document. For more information, see \Importing an IGES File\the CATIA - Part Design User's Guide.

29. Jpg:Lets you browse JPEG files from within a session, without

having to use another application. 30. Ldf

31. Library:V4 library document storing objects such as details,

symbols, NC mill and lathe tools and beam sections. For more information, see the CATIA - V4 Integration User's Guide.

32. Model:V4 model document. For more information about the V4

Integration workbench, see the CATIA - V4 Integration User's Guide.

33. Pdb:PDB files.

34. Picture:Lets you browse CATIA Version 4 picture files from

within a Version 5 session

35. Rgb:SGI format for pixel images

36. Sdnf

37. Session:V4 session document containing several CATIA V4

models converted to a CATProduct document. For more

information about the V4 Integration workbench, see the CATIA - V4 Integration User's Guide.

38. Stbom:Imports a SmartBOM (Bill Of Material) Briefcase in

Version 5. For more information, refer to \Version 5 \in the CATIA - Product Structure User's Guide.

39. step, STEP, stp and STP:Creates a CATProduct document. For

more information, see \the CATIA - Data Exchange Interfaces User's Guide.

40. Stl:Lets you browse stereolithography documents. For more

information, see the CATIA - STL Rapid Prototyping User's Guide and to \ in the CATIA - Data Exchange Interfaces User's Guide. 41. tdg and TDG:STRIM/STYLER files.

42. Tif:Lets you browse TIFF files from within a Version 5 session,

without having to use another application.

43. Wrl:Lets you browse VRML (Virtual Reality Modeling Language)

files.

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