高考英语疑难问题解析1

高考英语疑难问题解析 (4)

高考英语：只能后接不定式的35动词和短语 (4)

只能接-ing形式的35动词和短语 (5)

英语名词作定语的三种形式 (6)

非谓语动词的时态和语态问题 (6)

非谓语动词作主语和表语的比较 (8)

ago习惯上不与现在完成时连用 (9)

英语中哪些词常与现在完成时连用 (10)

英语疑难问题精选详解 (13)

be about to do sth的用法 (14)

高考英语形容词与副词考点归纳 (14)

高考英语代词考点专项训练.附详解 (18)

复合不定代词的用法与考点 (22)

some与any的用法区别 (24)

each与every的用法区别 (25)

(a)little(a)few,a bit用法区别 (25)

人称代词使用宾格的五点注意 (26)

表示推测情态动词的用法 (27)

倍数的三种基本表达法 (31)

比较等级考题小练 (32)

such as 与as such (35)

such as用法详解 (35)

【英语语法分类汇总】同位语从句 (38)

people与peoples (41)

季节名词可用复数形式吗 (41)

如何用英语表示“一两个” (41)

to doing sth用法归纳 (41)

to do 还是how to do (42)

very=很？ (43)

drink and food还是food and drink (43)

陈述句由直接引语变间接引语 (44)

独立主格结构的用法 (44)

So far永远要连用现在完成时吗 (45)

祈使句易错题分析 (45)

feel pain还是feel painful (45)

feel可用于被动语态吗 (46)

连接副词用法说明 (47)

焦点副词用法说明 (48)

形容词比较等级的构成方法 (48)

副词比较等级的构成方法 (49)

as...as 结构用法详解 . (50)

几个含有than的常考结构 (51)

such...as与such...that (53)

基数词的表示法 (54)

基数词的复数用法 (54)

日期的表示法 (55)

序数词的表示法 (55)

定冠词的类别用法 (56)

既可序数词也可用基数词的场合 (57)

序数词与冠词 (57)

分数的表示法 (58)

小数与百分数的表示法 (58)

倍数的表示法 (58)

独立主格结构的七种形式 (59)

使用独立主格结构的几点注意 (59)

直接引语变间接引语的时态变化 (60)

疑问句由直接引语变间接引语 (60)

直接引语变间接引语的特例 (61)

祈使句由直接引语变间接引语 (61)

a variety of 与the variety of (62)

head for还是head to(towards) (62)

英语时刻的表示法 (62)

不定冠词的省略与重复 (62)

误用不定冠词的几种情形 (63)

冠词在句中的几个特殊位置 (63)

year after year 与year by year的区别 (64)

如何用英语表示汉语的“打九折” (64)

if you wish用法一例 (64)

“the+形容词”表单数还是表复数 (65)

succeed后接不定式还是动名词 (65)

It's fun to do sth与It's funny t (65)

over the years通常连用什么时态 (65)

also, too一定不用于否定句吗 (66)

如何表示汉语的数量词“副” (66)

be but是什么意思 (67)

not a few与quite a few是反义词吗？ (67)

who还是whoever (67)

如何理解when and where (68)

taste good还是taste to be good (68)

that that还是what what (69)

date from通常连用什么时态 (69)

hair可数吗？beard可数吗？ (70)

是can be还是could be (70)

I'd rather后的句子用何时态 (71)

I'm sorry, but...还是I'm sorry, . (71)

insist后宾语从句何时用虚拟语气 (71)

强调句难题分析 (72)

回答do you mind...有技巧.. (73)

地点名词一定要用where引导定语从句吗 (74)

地点状语从句考题透析 (75)

look sad还是look sadly (77)

涉及定语从句干扰的陷阱题 (78)

这个介词要接不定式 (79)

异类同质比较与同类异质比较 (80)

是状语从句还是宾语从句 (81)

当心定语从句惹祸 (82)

当心这样的定语从句 (83)

have sth to do还是have sth to be done (84)

这是考查强调句吗？非也！ (84)

what he could to do考题的应对策略 (85)

tear可数吗？newspaper可数吗？ (87)

独立主格结构妙题赏析 (87)

very impossible还是quite impossible (89)

接不定式和动名词含义相同的动词 (89)

现在进行时表示将来意义 (89)

习惯后接动名词作宾语的英语动词 (90)

英语名词可数性的三个易错点 (91)

一般现在时表将来的若干情形 (91)

谈谈―动词+宾语+不定式‖结构 (93)

名词所有格的用法 (95)

seem to be后to be的省略问题 (97)

谈谈–ed形容词和–ing形容词的用法区别 (98)

动词接动名词还是不定式 (100)

whatever,whoever,whichever引导名词性从句 (103)

for sb to do sth的用法 (104)

由―介词+关系代词‖引导的定语从句 (105)

由关系副词when, where, why引导的定语从句 (106)

限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别 (107)

为什么不能说although...but. (108)

must 的用法 (109)

and的用法 (110)

other, the other, another与others用法区别 (111)

英语时间副词的用法 (111)

英语名词复数的构成方法 (112)

谈谈英语名词的可数性 (114)

谈谈英语的焦点副词 (115)

习惯后接不定式作宾语的动词 (116)

英语定语从句关系代词的用法与区别 (116)

三组将来时间表示法的用法比较 (118)

不定式省略to的九种情况 (119)

使用宾语从句应注意些什么 (121)

陈述句与疑问句由直接引语变间接引语的方法 (122)

既可接不定式又可接动名词作宾语的动词 (125)

使用英语被动语态应注意什么 (126)

定语从句关系词省略的6种情形 (128)

英语集合名词用法分类 (129)

英语表示―变化‖连系动词的用法 (131)

不定式省略to的九种情况 (133)

引导时间状语从句的―一......就‖ (136)

复合句中as的巧用 (137)

英语频度副词用法要点 (139)

高考英语疑难问题解析

高考英语：只能后接不定式的35动词和短语

一、只能后接不定式的动词和短语归纳有的动词后只能用不定式而不能接动名词。

如ask, demand(要求), plan, intend, mean(计划), manage, do / try one‘s best, make an attempt, (努力), learn(学习), wish, hope, desire, expect, long, want, would like, should like, would prefer(), wish,希望、愿意), agree, promise(同意), decide, determine, choose, make a decision, make up one‘s mind(决定), offer(主动提出), apply(申请), help(帮助), fail(不能、没有), prepare(准备), pretend(假装), refuse(拒绝), happen(碰巧), afford(负担得起)等。

二、只能后接不定式的动词和短语考题

1. We agreed ________ here but so far she hasn‘t turned up yet. (全国卷)

A. having met

B. meeting

C. to meet

D. to have met

【分析】答案选C。agree只能接不定，在谓语动之后发生，用一般式。

2. She pretended ______me when I passed by. (全国卷)

A. not to see

B. not seeing

C. to not see

D. having not seen

【分析】答案选A。pretend只能接不定式，not要放在不定式的前面构成否定。

只能接-ing形式的35动词和短语

一、用法归纳有的动词或短语动词后只能用动名词而不能接不定式。如allow, permit(允许), consider(考虑), suggest, advice(建议),oman'">), suggest, advice(反复; 不停), finish(完成), imagine(想象), practise(练习), understand(明白), appreciate, enjoy(喜欢), miss(错过; 怀念), prevent(阻止), forbid(禁止), escape(避免), include(包括), forgive, pardon, excuse(原谅), dislike(厌恶), discuss(讨论), report(报道), admit(承认), mind(介意), risk(冒险), can‘t stand(不能忍受), burst out(突然开始), feel like(想要), insist on(坚持), delay, put off(推迟), give up(放弃), be busy(忙于), be worth(值得)等。

二、考题分析1. Do you mind ________ alone at home? (上海卷)

A. Jane leaving

B. Jane having left

C. Jane‘s being left

D. Jane to be left

【分析】答案选C。mind后只能接-ing形式，且Jane与leave是被动关系。

2. The squirrel was so lucky that it just missed ________. (全国卷)

A. catching

B. to be caught

C. being caught

D. to catch

【分析】答案选C。miss后只能接动名词，且it(the squirrel)与catch是被动关系。

3. I would appreciate ________ back this afternoon. (全国卷)

A. you to call

B. you call

C. your calling

D. you‘re calling

【分析】答案选C。appreciate后只能接动名词，your是其逻辑主语。

4. —What do you think of the book?

—Oh, excellent. It‘s worth ________ a second time. (全国卷)

A. to read

B. to be read

C. reading

D. being read

【分析】答案选C。在be worth后只能接doing，且用主动形式表示被动含义。

5. The man insisted ________ a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby. (江苏卷)

A. find

B. to find

C. on finding

D. in finding

【分析】答案选C。insist后接that从句，或者接on sth. 或on doing sth. ,没有别的接法。insist on doing坚持要做某事。

6. He has always insisted on his ________ Dr Turner instead of Mr. Turner. (上海卷)

A. been called

B. called

C. having called

D. being called

【分析】答案选D。在insist on后只能接-ing形式。

英语名词作定语的三种形式

作定语的名词往往是说明中心名词的材料、用途、时间、地点、内容、类别等。作定语的名词有以下三种形式：

A．一般用单数形式。如a stone bridge(石桥), a meeting room(会议室), morning exercise(早操), London Airport(伦敦机场), a story book(故事书)，a shoe shop(鞋店)。

B. man, woman要与所修饰的名词的数一致。如a woman teacher(一位女教师), two women teachers(两位女教师)。

C. sports, sales, clothes, goods, arts, customs等只用复数形式。如a sports meet(运动会), a goods train(货车), customs house(海关) a sales manager(营业主任)。如：

考题分析：

He dropped the ________ and broke it. (全国卷)

A. cup of coffee

B. coffee‘s cup

C. cup for coffee

D. coffee cup

【分析】答案选D。coffee是cup的定语，说明cup的类别。coffee cup咖啡杯。

非谓语动词的时态和语态问题

一、非谓语动词的时态问题不定式或动词的-ing形式(包括现在分词和动名词)的动作若发生在谓语动词的动作之前，用完成式，否则就用一般式。

例：1. I don‘t know whether you happen ________, (辽宁卷)

A. to be heard

B. to be hearing

C. to hear

D. to have heard

【分析】答案选D。hear发生在谓语don‘t know之前，用不定式的完成式。句意是：我不知道你是否已经听说过了，今年九月我要去美国学习。

2. The old man, ________ abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. (江苏卷)

A. to work

B. working

C. to have worked

D. having worked

【分析】答案选D。work发生在谓语(返回祖国)之前，用现在分词的完成式作状语，表示时间，相当于after he has worked abroad…不定式作状语不能表示时间。

―We can‘t go out in this weather,‖ said Bob, ________ out of the window. (四川卷)

【分析】答案选A。look out of the window与谓语动词said同时发生，用现在分词的一般式作状语，表示伴随情况。若表示不定式的动作与谓语动作同时发生，并强调正在进行的情景或持续性，可用进行式。如：若表示不定式的动作与谓语动作同时发生，并强调正在进行的情景或持续性，可用He seems to be reading a newspaper. 他好像在看报。

二、非谓语动词的语态问题当不定式或动词的-ing形式与其逻辑主语是主动关系，用主动式；是被动关系，用被动式。如：Little Jim should love ________ to the theatre this evening. (全国卷)

A. to be taken

B. to take

C. being taken

D. taking

【分析】答案选A。句子主语Little Jim与take是被动关系，―被带去看戏‖发生在―想(should love=want)‖后，所以用不定式的被动式作宾语。说明：①动词不定式用主动形式表被动含义的情况：在作表语或宾补的形容词后用状语时；作定语修饰have, there be, this / that / these / those be等后面的名词或代词时；作表语的to blame等。如：1. The text is difficult to learn. 这篇课文很难学。(to learn主动表被动)2. We found the text difficult to learn. 我们觉得这篇课文很难学。(to learn主动表被动)3. He was to blame for that. 他因此受到了责备。(作表语的to blame主动表被动)

4. I‘m going to the supermarket this afternoon. Do you have anything ________ ? (上海卷________ )A. to be buying

B. to buy

C. for buying

D. bought

【分析】答案选B。表示―有…要…‖，常用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。②need, want 和require表示―需要表示‖，主语通常是物时，后面除用不定式的被动式外，也可用-ing 形式的主动形式表示被动。如：There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars ________ road conditions need ________. (上海卷)

A. that; to be improved

B. which; to be improved

C. where; improving

D. when; improving

【分析】答案选A。need improving=need to be improved。that引导的从句与problem 是同位语。

非谓语动词作主语和表语的比较

一、不定式和动名词作主语与表语的比较表示具体的、一次性的或将来的动作用不定式；表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的行为用动名词。

如：◎________ is a good form of exercise for both young and old. (全国卷)

A. The walk

B. Walking

C. To walk

D. Walk

【分析】答案选B。a good form暗示泛指一般性行为，用动名词作主语。说明：①有时这种区别并不很严格。但要注意：主语和表语要用同一种形式；平行结构中要用同一种形式。

如：◎—What do you think made Mary so upset? — ________ her new bike. (上海卷)

A. As she lost

B. Lost

C. Losing

D. Because of losing

【分析】答案选C。去掉问句中的插入语do you think，便知要回答的是主语what。选项中只有动名词Losing可作主语，全句应为：Losing her new bike made Mary so upset. 此处的动名词短语表示的是具体的一回事。

◎The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, ________ it more difficult. (全国卷)

A. not make

B. not to make

C. not making

D. do not make

【分析】答案选B。前面用的是不定式作表语，与之并列的也应用不定式。

◎Fishing is his favorite hobby, and ________. (上海卷)

A. he‘d like to collect coins as well

B. he feels like collecting coins, too

C. to collect coins is also his hobby

D. collecting coins also gives him great pleasure

【分析】答案选D。and连接两个并列句，前一分句用-ing形式作主语，与之并列的后一分句也应用-ing形式作主语。②通常只用动名词用主语的4种情况：在疑问句中；在It is

no good / use…, It is useless…, There is no…等句型中；在某些动词的被动式前；在No smoking!之类的布告语中。如：1. Is doing morning exercises good for your health? 做早操对身体有益处吗？2. It‘s useless arguing with them. 和他们讨论是没用的。3. Walking on the grass is forbidden. 禁止在这草地上行走。③通常只用不定式作主语的4种情况：在It is necessary / important / …(for sb. ) to do sth. 句型中；It is kind / foolish / …(of sb. ) to do sth. 句型中；在It takes sb. time to do sth. 型句中；主语被否定时。如：1. It is necessary for us to master a foreign language. 我们有必要掌握一门外语。2. It is very kind of you to help us. 你帮助我们真是太好了。

3. It took me two hours to finish the work. 我完成那项工作用了两小时。

4. Not to have hope is the poorest of all conditions. 绝望是最糟糕的事。

二、不定式、动名词、分词作表语的比较不定式和动名词作表语相当于名词作表语，表示主语的内容，主语和表语可以对调；分词作表语相当于形容词作表语，主语和表语不可对调；现在分词作表语表示主语所具有的性质特征，过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。如不定式和动名词作表语相当于名词作表语，表示主语的内容，主语和表语可以对调；分词1. My job is teaching / to teach English. (作表语的teaching / to teach English是my job 的具体内容，可说成Teaching / To teach English is my job. )3. The movie is exciting. (exciting是主语the movie是性质特征。)4. They are excited at the news. (excited 表示they现在所处的状态上海卷

【分析】答案选C。表示―就坐‖的seat是及物动词，若后面没有sb. 或oneself作其宾语，就一定是seated，所以选C；此处的过去分词seated表示状态，remain=continue to be 依然，保持。注：在seem, appear, prove(结果是、后来表明), remain(尚须)等连系动词后，可用不定式作表语，但不用-ing形式作表语。

如：Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ________ whether they will enjoy it. (全国卷)

A. to see

B. to be seen

C. seeing

D. seen

【分析】答案选B。remain作―尚须―解，后面通常接不定式；it(形式主语，指whether they will enjoy it)与see是被动关系，所以用不定式的被动式。

ago习惯上不与现在完成时连用

一、规则：在通常情况下ago 只与过去时连用，而不与现在完成时连用。因为ago指的是多久以前的过去时间，而现在完成时表示的动作虽然发生在过去，但它强调的是与现在的联系或对现在的影响，因此两者不能用在一起。如：我两个月前见过他。误：I have seen him two months ago. 正：I saw him two months ago.

二、特例：但是，有时为了行文的需要或使句子生动，ago可用于类似以下这样的句子：I had thought that he had died at least 20 years ago. 我原以为他至少在< ago. years 20 least at died had he that>20年前就已经去世了。

英语中哪些词常与现在完成时连用

现在完成时英语16种时态中不易掌握的一种时态，不仅用法法复杂，而且还通常要与某些特定的词语连用。本文对现在完成时通常连用的词语作一归纳，供大家参考。

一、since不管since 是用作介词、连词还是副词，它通常都与现在完成时连用。如：Charles has worked hard since leaving school. 自从离开学校以来查尔斯工作一直很努力。(since为介词) Great changes have taken place here since 1978. 自1978年以来这里发生了巨大的变化。(since为介词)Her reading has improved greatly since she changed schools. 自从她转校以来，她的阅读水平提高了很多。(since为连词) You haven‘t changed muchfy; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-s since we last met. 自从上次我们见面以来，你变化不大。(since为连词) She moved to London last May and has since got a job on a newspaper. 她去年五月到伦敦，此后一直在报社工作。(since为副词) He left school in 1983. I haven‘t seen him since. 他1983年离开学校。打那时起我一直没见过他。(since为副词)

【几点说明】1. 表示时间长度时，通常用一般现在时代替现在完成时。如：How long is it since you arrived? 你到来多久了?It is [=has been] ten years since he left here. 他离开这儿已10年了。2. 对于某些表示状态(如seem等)的动词，或因句义等方面的原因，有时可能用一般现在时比用现在完成时更合适。如：It seems like years since we last met. 我们似乎几年未见面了。Since when does the $42 plus $5 service charge come to $48? 从什么什候开始42元加5元的服务费等于48元了? 3. 若不是指从过去持续到现在，而是指从较远的过去持续到一个较近的过去，则用过去完成时。比较：He hasn‘t eaten anything since Tuesday. 自星期二以来他一直未吃东西。(自星期二以来他一直未吃东西。指从星期二到现在未吃东西)Yesterday he told me that he hadn‘t eaten anything since Tuesday. 他昨天告诉我自星期二以来他一直未吃任何东西。(指从星期二至昨天未吃东西

二、in the last five years类似于in the last five years的时间状语，它若表示从现在算起的过去一段时间内，通常要与现在完成时连用。如：This company has come a long way in the last five years. 最近五年这个公司已经前进了一大步。The house has changed hands three times in the last two years. 在过去两年中，这栋房子已转手三次。Is that the sum of what you‘ve done in the last two years? 这就是你最近两年中完成的全部数量吗?【注】其中的介词in有时也可换成for, during, over, within 等，有时也可省去。如：I have been here for the last two weeks. 最近两周我一直在这里。

Over the last few years, prices have fallen sharply. 在过去的几年中，价格已急剧下降了。My business has decreased during the last two months. 最近两个月内，我的生意减少了。另外，若不是表示从现在算起的过去一段时间，则不用现在完成时。如：Jim managed two goals in the last ten minutes. 在最后的10分钟内，吉姆设法得了两分。【比较】I didn‘t see much of Harry in the last months. 在最后的几个月中，我很少看见哈里。I haven‘t seen much of Harry in the last months. 在最近的几个月中，我很少看见哈里。

三、in the past five years类似于in the past five years的时间状语，它表示从现在算起的过去一段时间，因此通常要与现在完成时连用。如：的时间状语，它表示从现在算I‘ve seen little of her in the past few weeks. 近几周我很少见到她。We‘ve planted thousands of trees in the past five years. 过去五年我们种了成千上万棵树。Population has increased by 200% in the past 25 years. 人口在过去25年内增加了200%。【注】其中的介词in有时也可换成for, during, over, within 等，有时也可省去。如：He‘s been in a coma for the past six weeks. 在过去的六个星期中，他一直昏迷不醒。People have changed their diets a lot over the past few years. 在过去的几年中，人们的饮食习惯已改变了很大。Within the past few minutes, the President has issued a statement. 在过去的几分钟里，总统发表了一项声明。另外，有时可能用含有情态动词的完成式。如：I must have slept three hours in the past day and a half. 在过去的一天半时间里，我肯定只睡了三个小时。

四、over the yearsover the years 的意思是―这些年来‖―经过这么多年之后‖―最近几年‖，通常表示的是从现在算起的过去几年，因此通常与现在完成时连用。如：She‘s brought us so much happiness over the years. 这些年来，她给我们带来了不少的幸福。We‘ve had a few arguments over the years, but in general we get on very well. 最近几年来，我们争吵过几次，但总的说来，我们相处得很好。Women‘s social status hasn‘t changed much over the years. 这些年来妇女的社会地位没有多大改变。Over the years I‘ve learnt to remember how to survive, and how to forget pain. 这些年来，我已经学会了记住怎样挣扎求生和怎样忘却痛苦。

【注】当不强调对现在的影响时，该短语有时也可与一般过去时或过去完成时连用。如：Over the years, her love for him deepened. 在过去的几年中，她对他的爱进一步加深了。She‘d suffered terribly over the years but it hadn‘t made her bitter. 她在过去的几年中吃了不少苦，但这并没有让她产生怨恨。有时over the years还可表示在将来的几年中，此时可与将来时态连用。如：The brickwork will mellow over the years so that it blends with the surroundings. 再过几年，这砖墙将会变柔和，这样它就会与周围的环境和谐一致了。

五、so far当so far表示―到目前为止‖时，它指的是从过去某时持续到现在的一段时间，因此通常与现在完成时连用。如：So far there has been no bad news. 到现在为止还没有什么坏消息。We agreed to meet here but so far he hasn‘t turned up yet. 我们讲好在这里见面的，但到目前为止他还没有来。So far the work has been easy, but things may change. 到目前为止，这工作很容易，但情况可能有变化。Thankfully, the land has so far escaped . 谢天谢地，至今这块土地尚未开发过。【注】当so far表示―到

这种程度或范围‖时，则不一定与现在完成时连用，而是可以根据情况选用时态。如：I can only help him so far. 我只能帮他到这种程度。

六、up to nowup to nowup to now 的意思是―到现在为此‖，指从过去持续到现在的一段时间，通常与现在完成时连用。如：Up to now he‘s been quiet. 他直到此刻仍保持沉默。Her life has run smoothly up to now. 她的生活到目前仍一帆风顺。Up to now, the work has been easy. 到现在为止这工作还算容易。

七、until nowuntil now 的意思是―直到现在（为止）‖，表示从过去某时持续到现在的一段时间，通常与现在完成时连用。如：Until now I have always lived alone. 我一直独自生活至今。Until now the President has shut his eyes to this problem. 总统至今仍对这个问题视而不见。

【注】以下两句中的until now比较特殊，因为其中的until与前面的―否定‖构成了类似于not…until…（直到……才）这样的句式，此时，句子通常用一般过去时。如：（直到……才）这样的句式，此时，句子通常用一般过去时。如：I was unaware of his existence until now. 现在我才知道有他这么个人。I never realized I loved you until now. 我至今才意识到我爱你。另外，until有两个意思，一是表示―到……为止‖，二是表示―在……以前‖，所以until now除表示―到现在为止‖外，有时还可表示―在此之前‖（即过去），此时它可与一般过去时连用。如：Until now I thought that this sort of accident was the owner‘s fault but now I know differently. 过去我一直认为这类事故是车主的过错，但现在我有了不同看法。

八、It‘s the first time that…It‘s the first [second, third…] time that…的意思是―这是第一次（第二次、第三次……）做某事‖。句首的it有时也可换成this, that等。如：It‘s the second time I‘ve come here. 这是我第二次来这儿。It‘s the first time that he has seen an elephant. 这是他第一次见到大象。This is the first time that I‘ve heard her sing. 这是我头一次听她唱歌。若主句用一般过去时，则that从句通常用过去完成时。如：It was the first time that I had ever driven a taxi. 这是我第一次开出租车。

九、just副词just表示―刚刚‖时，在英国英语中常与现在完成时连用，而在美国英语中常与一般过去时连用。如：He (has) just arrived in Japan. 他刚到日本。The clock (has) just struck three. 钟刚敲过三点。Poor Jim (has) just had an accident. 可怜的吉姆刚出个事故。十、before,imes New Roman'; mso-han recently, in the past副词before的意思是―以前‖，副词recently的意思是―最近‖，介词短语in the past的意思是―过去‖。一般说来，它们既可与现在完成时连用（强调对现在的影响或与现在的联系），也可与一般过去时连用（客观地陈述过去的情况）。如：客观地陈述过去的情况I (have) read the book before. 我以前读过这本书。He has done [did] this sort of work before. 他以前干过这种工作。I hear that he went [has gone] abroad recently. 我听说他最近出国了。In the past I (have) had many jobs. 以前我做过许多工作。In the past people thought that the sun turned round the earth. 过去人们认为太阳是绕着地球转。

英语疑难问题精选详解

英语疑难问题精选详解问：请问burst into 与burst out有何区别？

答：两者都可表示―突然进入某种状态或发生某种情况‖，但burst into 后通常要接名词burst into ，而burst out 后通常接动名词。比较：She burst into tears (laughter). 她突然哭(笑)了起来。She burst out crying (laughing). 她突然哭(笑)了起来。

问：要表示―与某人联系‖，英语是用contact sb，还是用答：contact 是及物动词，其意为不只是―联系‖，而是表示―与……联系‖，所以要表示―与某人联系‖时用contact with sb 是错误的。如：我怎样与你联系? 误：How can contact with you?正：How can contact you?注：用作名词的contact后可接介词with，表示―与……的联系‖。如：in (out of) contact with(与……保持/ 失去联系)，have contact with(与……有联系)，bring into contact(使接触)，come in(to) contact with(接触)等。

问：要表示“做某事就像做某事”，英语可用doing sth is like doing sth吗?

答：可以。请看实例：At that time, going to Mount Qomolangma was like going to the moon. 那时，去珠穆朗玛峰就像去去月球(一样难)。Searching for one man in this big city is like looking for a needle in a haystack. 在这座大城市里寻找一个人犹如大海捞针。Getting a pay rise in this firm is like getting blood from a stone. 在这家商行里想增加工资简直是缘木求鱼。

问：unable 与disable 都是由able加否定前缀构成的，它们可互换吗？

答：unable 是形容词，意为―不能的‖；disable 是动词，意为―使残废‖―使无能力‖。如：They were unable to help us. 他们没法帮助我们。He was disabled in the civil war; he lost his left arm. 他在内战中失去一条左臂，成了伤残人。

问：老师说date from 总是接过去时间，却永远与一般现在时连用，这是真的吗？

答：date from 的意思是―从回溯至‖―从……开始‖从……开始，它也可说成date back to，两者均可解释为have existed from，所以尽管其后接的是过去时间，它却通常要与一般现在时连用。如：The custom dates from ancient times. 这个习俗是从古代开始的。This church dates back to the 13th century. 该教堂是13 世纪建的。但是，若所谈论的主体现在已经不存在，则可用一般过去时。如The church, which dated back to the 13th century, was destroyed in an earthquake two years ago. 那座教堂是13世纪建成的，两年前在一次地震中被毁了。

问：我们该说without A and B 还是without A or B？

答：从理论上说，若要否定A、B两者，应用without A or B，因为without含有否定意味。如：He lived a lonely life without friends or family. 他没有朋友和家人，过着孤独的生活。但是，在实际使用中，有时两者均可用，且意思相同。如：We cannot exist without food or water. 没有食物或水我们就不能生存。We cannot survive for long without food and drink. 我们没有食物和饮料就活不了多久。

问：有一本书上说“当一个动词后带有两个或多个由that引导的宾语从句时，即使省略第

一个that，第二个(或第三个)that也不可省略”。但该书没有给出例句，请问编辑老师能给我举两个例子吗？

答：请看以下实例：He said that he liked her and that he wanted to marry her. 他说他爱她，想同她结婚。You can learn that the oldest person is a woman who lived to be 122 years and 164 days, that the longest moustache reached a length of 1.6 meters and that the longest poisonous snake is 5.71 meters long. 你可以了解到最老的人是一位活了122岁零164天的女人天的女人，最长的胡须达到了1.6米，最长的毒蛇是5.71米。

be about to do sth的用法

用法一：表示即将做某事。如：He‘s about to go. 他就要走了。The package is about to come unwrapped. 那个包快散开了。Mrs. Brown was about to begin, but Jennie spoke first. 布朗夫人正要开始讲话，珍妮先讲了。He little dreams that the police are about to arrest him. 他一点也没想到警察就要来抓他。I had an intuition that something awful was about to happen. 我有一种直觉，一件可怕的事将要发生。

用法二：其否定式在美国英语中可表示―不打算（不愿意）‖。如：I‘m not about to stop when I‘m so close to success. 在这样接近成功时我不打算就此罢手。

用法三：习惯上不与具体时间状语连用。由于本身已含有―即将‖这样的时间概念，所以它习惯上不再与soon, at once, immediately, tomorrow 这样的具体时间状语连soon, at once, immediately, tomorrow 我们即将动身。误：We are about to start at once.正：We are about to start.正：We‘ll start at once.

高考英语形容词与副词考点归纳

一、形容词和副词的基本用法A．形容词：就是用来修饰名词或不定代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词。形容词主要作定语、表语、补语。如：1. This is a new pen. 这是支新钢笔。(形容词new作名词pen定语)

2. These oranges taste ________. (全国卷)

A. good

B. well

C. to be good

D. to be well

【分析】答案选A。系动词taste(尝起来)后要接形容词作表语。

3. John was so sleepy that he could hardly keep his eyes ________. (全国卷)

A. open

B. to be opened

C. to open

D. opening

【分析】答案选A。形容词open(开着的)作宾补，表示状态。注意：不要选答案D，因为open是短暂性动词，不能表状态。B．副词：就是修饰动词、形容词、其它副词或全句，说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词。副词在句中主要作状语。如：It‘s raining heavily. 雨下得很大。(副词heavily修饰谓语动词heavily)It‘s a rather interesting job. 这是一份相当有趣的工作。(副词rather修饰形容词interesting)She speaks English very well. 她的英语说得很好。(副词very修饰副词wel'Times New Roman'">veryThis is just what he said. 这正是他所说的。(副词just修饰what he said)注：here, there, in, out, away, abroad等少数副词也可以作表语；here, there, home, abroad, below等表示地点或方位的词及today, tomorrow, yesterday, back, out等表示时间或动词方向词还可以作定语。如：Tom isn‘t here. 汤姆不在这里。(here作表语) The people there were very kind to us. 那里的人对我们很友好。(副词there作定语，修饰people)

二、定语形容词与表语形容词A．表语形容词：有的形容词一般只作表语，如表示健康状况的well, unwell, ill, faint，表示情感反应的glad, sorry, fond, worth, able，以a开头的afraid, alone, asleep, alive, awake, alike, ashamed等。但有的可作后置定语或补语。B．定语形容词：通常只作定语的形容词，如起强调作用的only(唯一的), single(唯一的), certain(某一), certain(真正的), true(真正的), very(正是), live(活的), exact(准确的), present(在场的)，由名词等转化而来的wooden(木制的), woolen(羊毛制的), drunken(醉的), medical, daily, weekly, electric, former(前任的), some, any, little, many, 及one-eyed之类的复合形容词等。如：This is a medical school. (不说三、形容词作定语的后置规律形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词前，但是在下列情况下作定语的形容词却要位于所修饰的名词之后：形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词前，但是在下列情况下作定语A．形容词短语作定语时要后置。

如：________ to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills. (全国卷)

A. Brave enough students

B. Enough brave students

C. Students brave enough

D. Students enough brave

【分析】答案选C。enough修饰形容词时要位于形容词之后，排除B和修饰形容词时要位于形容词之后，排除D。brave enough to…是形容词短语作定语，修饰students，要置于名词students之后。B．表语形容词作定语要后置。如：All the people________ at the party were his supporters. (北京卷)

A. present

B. thankful

C. interested

D. important

【分析】答案选A。表语形容词present(出席的、在场的)作定语，要放在所修饰的名词后。C．形容词修饰不定代词something, anything, nothing等时，要位于后面。如：Is there anything important in the paper? 报纸上有什么重要新闻吗

四、多个形容词作定语的排序多个形容词修饰名词时，其排序规律是：ab-stops: 199.5pt">限定词+程度副词+) 描绘性形容词+表示大小(长短、高低)、形状、年龄(新旧)

的形容词+表颜色Roman'">的形容词+表国籍或产地的形容词+表物质材料的形容词+表类别或用途的形容词+名词。

如：1. John Smith, a successful businessman, has a ________ car. (辽宁卷)

A. large German white

B. large white German

C. white large German

D. German large white

【分析】答案选B。按―大小+颜色+产地‖的顺序排列。

2. ________ students are required to take part in the boat race.ont-weight: normal">浙江卷)

A. Ten strong young Chinese

B. Ten Chinese strong young

C. Chinese ten young strong

D. Young strong ten Chinese

【分析】答案选A。数词是限定词，应排在形容词前，排除C和D；又strong是描绘，young 是年龄，Chinese是国籍，其先后应为―描绘＋年龄＋国籍‖。

3. The ________ house smells as if it hasn‘t been lived in for years. (江苏卷)

A. little white wooden

B. little wooden white

C. white wooden little

【分析】答案选A。little是限定词，应放在形容词前面，排除C和D；表示颜色的应放在表示物质材料的形容词的前面，排除B。

注：限定词的排序：前位限定词(指量限定词all, both, half等；倍数词double, twice 等；分数词one-third, two-fifths等) +中位限定词(冠词；指示代词；形容词性物主代词；名词所有格)+后位限定词(序数词及last, next等；基数词及few, several等)等。如：1. The husband gave his wife ________ every month in order to please her. (重庆卷)

A. all half his income

B. his half all income

C. half his all income

D. all his half income

【分析】答案选A。all和half都是前位限定词，his是中位限定词，所以his要位于all 和half之后，只有A正确。

2. —How was your recent visit to Qingdao?—It was great. We visited some friends, and spent the ________ days at the seaside. (全国卷)

A. few last sunny

B. last few sunny

C. last sunny few

D. few sunny last

【分析】答案选B。last, few是限定词，sunny是描绘性形容词，根据―限定词+形容词‖的原则，排除C的原则，排除和D。又根据―序数词(包括last, past, next, another等)+基数词(包括few, several等)‖的原则，排除A。五、副词在句中的位置规律1) 副词修饰形容词或其它副词时，一般位于被修饰词的前面，但enough却要放在被修饰的形容词或副词的后面。

如：1. —Mum, I think I‘m ________ to get back to school. —Not really, my dear. You‘d better stay at home for another day or two. (全国卷)

A. so well

B. so good

C. well enough

D. good enough

【分析】答案选C。指―身体好‖用形容词well (=healthy)而不用good；副词enough修饰形容词时，要位于形容词之后。

2. If I had ________, I‘d visit Europe, stopping at the small interesting places. (全国卷)

A. a long enough holiday

B. an enough long holiday

C. a holiday enough long

D. a long holiday enough

【分析】答案选A。enough要放在形容词long之后。

3. ________, some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless. (上海卷)A. Strangely enough

B. Enough strangely

C. Strange enough

D. Enough strange

【分析】答案选A。修饰整个句子，要用副词，排除C和。修饰整个句子，要用副词，排除D；副词enough应放在它所修饰的副词strangely的后面，所以选A。2) 频度副词always, usually, often, never等一般放ONT>be动词之后。如：She always gets up early. 她总是起得早。(副词always放在行为动词gets之前)She is seldom late for school. 他很少上学迟到。(副词seldom放在be动词之后)3) 词表示地点的副词常放在句末；表示确定时间的副词放在句首或句末；表示方式的副词词通常放在―动词(+宾语)‖之后，也可放在其它位置；同时有表示时间、地点和方式的副词时，其顺序一般为：方式＋地点＋时间。

如：________ I went to the railway station to see my friend off. (全国卷)

A. After eating quickly my dinner

B. After my quickly eating dinner

C. After eating my dinner quickly

D. After eating my quickly dinner

【分析】答案选C。方式副词一般位于―动词(+宾语)‖之后。

六、–ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别-ed形容词，通常说明人，意为―(某人)感到…‖；-ing 形容词通常说明事物，意为―(某事物)令人…‖或―令人…的(事物)‖。这样成对的形容词有：interested / interesting; excited / exciting; frightened / frightening; surprised / surprising; pleased / pleasing; moved / moving; disappointed / disappointing 等。

1. Laws that punish parents for their little children‘s actions against the laws get parents ________. (重庆卷)

A. worried

B. to worried

C. worrying &333300nbsp;

D. worry

【分析】答案选A。表示人―感到忧虑的‖用-ed形容词。句意是：…法律使得做父母的感到忧虑。

2. It is believed that if a book is ________, it will surely ________ the reader.

A. interested; interest

B. interesting; be interested

C. interested; be tab-stops: 199.5pt">

D. interesting; interest

【分析】答案选D。指书令人有趣用interesting而不interested，排除A和C。interest 是动词，―使…有趣‖。注：即使-ed形容词用以说明事物，那也是指与该事物相关的人；即使-ing形容词用以说明人，也是指此人具有该性质或特征。如：-ingHe told me the news in an excited voice. 他告诉了那个消息，声音很激动。这个有很有趣。

另外，glad, happy, sorry, angry, thankful, proud等的主语也只能是人；而pleasant, easy, difficult, important 等则通常以事物或it作主语，因为它们是说明事物的。如：—I‘m very ________ with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious. —Mn, it does have a ________ smell. (北京卷)

A. pleasant; pleased

B. pleased; pleased

C. pleasant; pleasant

D. pleased; pleasant

【分析】答案选D。pleased指―(人)感到高兴‖，pleasant指―令人愉快的(事物)‖。

高考英语代词考点专项训练·附详解

— May I speak to Mary?

— This is ________ speaking.

— May I speak to Mary?

— T

A. I

B. me

C. she

D. hers

2. Do you really believe that Mr White has blamed us for the accident,especially ________ ?

A. you and me

B. I and you

C. you and I

D. you and we

3. —Johnson, there‘re a lot of chairs over there. Go and fetch ________ for me. —Why ________ ? Mike is sitting there doing nothing.

A. one; me

B. that; not he

C. it; not him

D. some; I

4. —Did ________ of your parents come to attend the opening ceremony? — ________ of them came.

A. any; None

B. any; Neither

C. either; Neither

D. either; Any

5. —Which share is meant for me?

—You can take ________ half. They‘re exactly the same.

A. this

B. any

C. each

D. either

6. —He has two brothers and three sisters. Do you know ________ of them? —‘t like to travel to big cities, because to me, one city is much like ________.

A. one

B. another

C. the other

D. others1

3. —Have you finished your work yet?

—No, I‘ll finish it in ________ fifteen minutes.

A. another

B. other

C. more

D. less

4. —Do you have ________ at home now, mum?

—No, we still have to get some fruits and vegetables.

A. anything

B. everything

C. something

D. nothing

5. I have never heard a worse voice than hers. She is ________ but a good singer.

A. something

B. everything

C. nothing

D. anything

6. His earliest plays are excellent, but his latest one is ________.

A. something

B. everything

C. anything

D. nothing

7. —Do you mind if Charlie borrows a few hundred dollars from you?

—I‘m afraid I do. I‘ll be glad to lend money to ________ but Charlie.

A. someone t; t

B. everyone

C. anyone

D. no one

8. I wanted some tea, but there was ________ left in the teapot.

A. none

B. any

C. nothing

D. some

9. —What an amazing film! It‘s the most interesting film I‘ve ever seen. —But I‘m sure it won‘t leave your keys in the car. Someone might steal ________ 。

A. one

B. that

C. this

D. it

24. The doctor kept telling him that he mustn‘t smoke, but ________ didn‘t help.

A. he

B. which

C. it

D. they

25. —Who knocked at the door?—I‘ve no idea. I just pretended nobody was at home, so I didn‘t ask who ________ was.

A. he

B. that

C. she

D. it

26. Has ________ been decided when we are to hold the sports meeting?

A. that

B. he

C. it

D. what

27. Many people in the west make ________ a rule to buy Christmas presents for their relatives and friends.

A. this

B. it

C. that

D. them

28. — ________ do you think it was ________ made Jane so cross?

【答案与详解】1. C习惯表达。2. A 要选的代词作动词blame的宾语，用人称代词的宾格。3. A one替代a chair；在简略回答中习惯上用宾格。4. C表示两者的―都‖用both，―任一‖用either，―一个都不‖用neither。。5. D关键词―half‖暗含―二‖的概念，指两者中的任何之一用either。6. C指五者中的―任何一个‖―用any，―一个也不‖用none。7. D no one只能指人，此处指―没有一部电影‖用none。用8. D wheat是不可数名词，选项中只有the rest才可以代替不可数名词。9. B line应为两端，此处特指此线两端中的另一端，用the other。10. D 特指三个女孩中除一个以外的其余两个。one后省略了is，the others 后省略了are。11. B some…others…(一些人……另一些人……)是固定搭配。some和others均为泛指。12. B one…another…(一个……另/ 又一个ILY: 'Times New Roman'"> / 是固定搭配。one和another均为泛指。13. A. another fifteen minutes = fifteen other minutes =fifteen more minutes再过十五分钟。14. B由后面的答语可知，是问家里东西是否买齐，故用Beverything。15. D anything but=not at all, far from 根本不，远不。nothing but=only仅仅，只有。16. D此处nothing意为―微不足道的，无价值的‖；something某事物、重要的或了不起的人或事物；anything任何事物、重要的人或事物；everything每件东西、最重要的事物。17. C由I‘m afraid I do. 可知，我把钱借给除Charlie外的任何人，就是不借给他。18. A none一点也没有；nothing没有任何东西。19. C both, every等与not连用构成部分否定。等与not…everybody是―并非每一个人‖之意。20. D the one替代the dress。21. B that替代the cruelty，指同类事物，替代不可数名词只能用that。22. C those=the people(那些人)，后面的doing…

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