专八语言学选择题及答案

专八语言学试题一

1. Linguistics is the scientific study of __________.

A. a particular language B. the English language

C. human languages in general D. the system of a particular language

2. The consonant [f] in English can be correctly described as having the following phonetic features: __________.

A. voiceless, bilabial, stop B. voiceless, labiodental, fricative

C. voiced, bilabial, stop D. voiced, labiodental, fricative

3. There are different types of affixes or morphemes. The affix \in the word \

A. derivational morpheme B. free morpheme

C. inflectional morpheme D. free form 4. In the phrase structure rule \→NP VP\arrow can be read as __________.

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A. is equal to B. consists of C. has D. generates

5. \bought some roses\__________ \bought some flowers\

A. entails B. presupposes

C. is inconsistent with D. is synonymous with

6. Y's utterance in the following conversation exchange violates the maxim of __________. X: Who was that you were with last night? Y: Did you know that you were wearing odd socks?

A. quality B. quantity C. relation D. manner

7. Changes in a language are changes in the grammar of the speakers of the language. This means that phonemes, __________, words and grammatical rules may be borrowed, added, lost or altered.

A. phrases B. sentences C. morphemes D. utterances

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8. In a speech community people have something in common __________a language or a particular variety of language and rules for using it.

A. socially B. linguistically C. culturally D. pragmatically

9. Which of the major mental functions listed below is not under the control of the left hemisphere in most people? __________.

A. language and speech B. visual and spatial skills

C. reading and writing D. analytic reasoning

10. In general, the __________ stage begins roughly in the second half of the child's second year.

A. babbling B. one-word C. two-word D. multiword

答案： 1.C 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.C 8.B 9.B 10.C 专八语言学试题二

1.The famous quotation from Shakespeare's play “Romeo and Juliet” ?A rose by any other name would smell as sweet? well illustrates

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_______.()

A.the conventional nature of language B.the creative nature of language C.the universality of language

D.the big difference between human language and animal communication

2.Of the following sound combinations, only _______ is permissible according to the sequential rules in English.()

A.kibl B.bkil C.ilkb D.ilbk 3.The sentence that has a NP and a VP can be shown in a _______ formula \→NP VP\

A.hierarchical B.linear C.tree diagram D.vertical

4.It is the _______ on Case assignment that states that a Case assignor and a Case recipient should stay adjacent to each other.()

A.Case Condition B.parameter C.Adjacent Condition D.Adjacent Parameter

5.Predication analysis is a way to analyze _______ meaning.

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A.phoneme B.word C.phrase D.sentence

6.According to Searle,those illocutionary acts whose point is to commit the speaker to some future course of action are called _______.() A.commisives B.directives C.expressives D.declaratives

7.The term _______ linguistics may be defined as a way of referring to the approach which studies language change over various periods of time and at various historical stages. A.synchronic B.diachronic C.comparative D.historical comparative

8.The way in which people address each other depends on their age, sex, social group, and personal relationship. The English system of address forms frequently used includes first name, last name, title+last name, _______,and kin term.

A.title+first name B.title+title C.title alone D.first name+last name+title

9.Language and thought may be viewed as two

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independent circles overlappingin some parts. When language and thought are identical or closely parallel to each other, we may regard thought as \speech,\and speech as \

A.vocal thought B.subvocal thought C.covert thought D.overt thought

10.Whcih of the following best states the behaviorist view of child language acquisition?_______.()

A.Language acquisition is a process of habit formation

B.Language acquisition is the species-specific property of human beings

C.Children are born with an innate ability to acquire language

D.Humans are equipped with the neural prerequisites for language and language use 答案 1.A2.A3.B4.C5.D 6.A7.B8.C9.D10.A

专八语言学试题三

1.As modern linguistics aims to describe and

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analyze the language people actually use, and not to lay down rules for \linguistic behavior, it is said to be ___.

A. prescriptive B. sociolinguistic C. Descriptive D. psycholinguistic

2.Of all the speech organs, the ___ is/are the most flexible.

A. mouth B. lips C. tongue D. vocal cords

3.The morpheme \in the common word \

A. bound morpheme B. bound form

C. inflectional morpheme D. free morpheme

4.A ___ in the embedded clause refers to the introductory word that introduces the embedded clause.

A. coordinator B. particle C. preposition D. subordinator

5.\bike.\

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A. is synonymous with B. is inconsistent with C. entails D. presupposes

6.The branch of linguistics that studies how context influences the way speakers interpret sentences is called ___.

A. semantics B. pragmatics C. sociolinguistics D. psycholinguistics 7.Grammatical changes may be explained, in part, as analogical changes, which are ___ or generalization.

A. elaboration B. simplification C. external borrowing D. internal borrowing 8.___ refers to a marginal language of few lexical items and straightforward grammatical rules, used as a medium of communication.

A. Lingua franca B. Creole C. Pidgin D. Standard language

9.Psychologists, neurologists and linguists have concluded that, in addition to the motor area which is responsible for physical articulation of utterances, three areas of the left brain are vital to language, namely, ___ .

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A. Broca's area, Wernicke's area and the angular gyrus

B. Broca's area, Wernicke's area and cerebral cortex

C. Broca's area, Wernicke's area and neurons D. Broca's area, Wernicke's area and Exner's area

10.According to Krashen, ___ refers to the gradual and subconscious development of ability in the first language by using it naturally in daily communicative situations. A. learning B. competence C. performance D. acquisition

答案 1.C 2.C 3.D 4.D 5.D 6.B 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.D 专八语言学试题四

1.The pair of words “lend”and “borrow”are ___.()

A.gradable opposites B.relational opposites C.co-hyponyms D.synonyms

2.The discovery of Indo-European language family began with the work of the British scholar.() A.Jacob Grimm B.Rasmus Rask C.Franz Bopp D.Sir William Jones 3.A linguist regards the changes in language and language use as __.() A.unusual B.something to be feared C.abnormal D.natural

4.__produce fast and fluent speech with good intonation and pronunciation but the content of their speech ranges from mildly inappropriate to complete nonsense,often as unintelligible.() A.Broca's aphasic B.The linguistic deprivation C.The damage on the angular gyrus D.Wernicke's aphasic

5.Some Southern learners of English in China tend to say “night” as “light”.This shows:.() A.They cannot pronounce/n/

B.Interlangue interference because there is notthe sound /n/in their mother tongue C.The teachers do not have a good teaching method D.They do not like to pronounce nasal sounds

6.A word with several meanings is called __word。

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A.a polysemous B.a synonymous C.an abnormal D.a multiple 7.The function of the sentence “A nice day, isn't it?”is __.() A.informative B.phatic C.directive D.performative

8.The most recognizable differences between American English and British English are in __ and vocabulary.()

A.usage B.grammar C.pronunciation D.structure

9.__deals with the way in which a language varies through geographical space.() A.Linguistic geography B.Lexicology C.Lexicography D.Sociolinguistics 10.The semantic components of the word “gentleman” can be expressed as __.() A.+animate,+male,+human,-adult B.+animate,+male,+human,+adult C.+animate,-male,+human,-adult D.+animate,-male,+human,+adult

答案 1.B2.D3.D4.D5.B 6.A7.B8.C9.A10.B 专八语言学试题五

Tick off the correct or the best possible answers:

1 One of the properties of language is that a language user can understand and produce sentences he/she has never heard before. This property of language is called ________.

A. duality B. productivity C. displacement D. arbitrary Key: B

2 The ______ function refers to the fact that language can be used for establishing a favorable atmosphere or maintaining social contact rather than for exchanging information or ideas. A. phatic B. directive C. evocative D. performative Key: A

3 From a functional approach, the _______ meaning of a language use consists of what is communicated of the feelings and attitudes of the speaker/writer.

A. affective B. associative C. stylistic D. collocative Key: A

4 When -ing in 'gangling' is removed to get a verb 'gangle', we call this way of creating words ________.

A. suffixation B. back-formation C. blending D. acronymy Key: B

5 ______ refers to the process by which words rise from humble beginnings to positions of importance.

A. Degradation B. Specialization C. Elevation D. Extension Key: C

6 As we know, every speaker has his own pet words and expressions and special way of expressing his ideas in language. This language variety of individual users is called ______. A. idiolect B. regional dialect C. temporal dialect D. social dialect Key: A

7 When pitch, stress and length variations are tied to the sentence rather than to the word, they are collectively known as ________.

A. intonation B. tone C. phoneme D. sentence stress Key: A 8 _______ refers to the change of a sound as a result of the influence of an adjacent sound. A. Addition of sound B. Loss of sound C. Metathesis D. Assimilation Key: D

9Basically, all the languages in the world can be classified in terms of language family. Vietnamese and Korean are two languages in the ______ family.

A. Indo-European B. Sino-Tibetan C. Hamito-Semitic D. Malayo-Polynesian Key: B 10A _______ is the minimal contrastive unit in the writing system of a language. A. morpheme B. phoneme C. grapheme D. letter Key: C

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