2017中考英语专题复习阅读理解练习题含答案

第二部分 中考题型研究 阅读理解

话题一 说明介绍类

Passage 1 台湾岛

Taiwan island, the biggest island of China, is between the South and East China Seas. Almost two thirds of the island is covered by mountains.

Traveling in Taiwan, you can do lots of things. In Taipei, you can taste all kinds of delicious food from the mainland, as well as some local delicacies. Standing at the top of Taipei 101, the world's tallest building until now, you can get a view of the whole city. In Tainan, the oldest city on the island, you can visit different temples. Known as the “City of 100 Temples”，the city in fact has 220 temples in it.

Taiwan has nice natural landscape（景观）as well. Sun and Moon Lake is a beautiful lake. On one side of the island it looks like the sun, on the other side it looks like the moon. That is why people call the lake the Sun and Moon Lake. Ali Mountain is the nearest mountain around Sun and Moon Lake. You can enjoy a nice experience with Gaoshan people. It's a wonderful place to see a very beautiful sunrise. If you enjoy swimming, fishing, boating and eating delicious fruit and fresh fish, Peng Lake must be a good place to visit. Tayoko Gorge（太鲁阁峡谷） is where the world's largest continental plate （大陆板块） and largest oceanic plate meet. In this area you can see mountains, valleys, and hot springs（温泉）, together with fields of rice, oranges and tea.

1. “Taipei 101” is ________ in the passage.

A. a large lake B. a big city C. a high mountain 2. You can enjoy a nice experience with Gaoshan people________．

A. in Taipei B. in Peng Lake C. on Ali Mountain D. in Tayoko Gorge 3. You can see________ in Tayoko Gorge.

A. lakes, valleys and hot springs B. mountains, valleys and plates C. mountains, lakes and hot springs D. mountains, valleys and hot springs 4. The passage mainly tells us ________．

A. Taiwan has many beautiful valleys and lakes B. Taiwan has many big cities and tall buildings C. Taiwan has much nice human and natural landscape D. Taiwan has many high mountains and different temples

Passage 2 植物灯

Getting electricity has always been a problem for the 173 people living in Nuevo Saposoa, a small village in Peru, South America. However, things went from bad to worse in March 2015 after heavy rains damaged the only power cables in the area. The villagers were forced to use oil lamps, which are not only expensive but also dangerous because of the harmful gases they produce.

Luckily, researchers at the University of Technology（UT）in Lima, Peru heard about their problem and found a wonderful solution. They made a lamp that can be powered by plants and soil, both of which can be easily found in the Amazonian rainforest where the village lies. The lamp takes energy from a plant growing in a wooden box and uses it to light up an LED light bulb.

While that may sound amazing and even impossible, the science behind the idea is quite simple. As plants create their food（using the sun's energy, water and chemicals from the soil）, they also produce electrons — the building blocks of electrical energy. The UT team put special sticks inside the soil to capture the energy and keep it in the lamp's batteries for later use. The researchers say a single charge can

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D. a tall building

power a 50-watt LED light for two hours—enough time for local villagers to get their evening work done.

The university gave ten Plant Lamps to the villagers of Nuevo Saposoa in October 2015. So far, they have been a huge success! Elmer Ramirez, the UT professor who invented the lamp, believes the Plant Lamp could help improve the lives of many people, especially small rainforest communities, 42% of whom have no electricity.

1. What are the problems of oil lamps according to Paragraph 1?

A. They are difficult to use and create pollution. B. They are expensive to buy and easily damaged. C. They are difficult to repair and produce little light. D. They are expensive to use and can be bad for health. 2. The electricity made by the Plant Lamp comes from ________.

A. plant food

B. plant waste C. the soil's heat D. the sun's energy

D. farmers

3. The Plant Lamp's inventor believes it could be the most helpful for________．

A. rainforest communities B. cars C. poor people in cities 4. What is the purpose of the passage?

A. To report on a new invention. B. To explain a new scientific theory.

C. To describe how electricity is made. D. To discuss the problems of poor villages.

Passage 3 自洁服装

Some days, don't you think，“Wouldn't it be nice if the laundry（洗衣）would just do itself？” Self-cleaning clothes may sound crazy. But Australian researchers have found a way to make something like this possible!

A team at RMIT University in Melbourne, Australia, found a way to put special nanostructures（纳米结构）into clothing, which can then clean the clothes. When sunlight hits the nanostructures, they break down the dirt and stains（污渍）that don't belong on your clothes.

The nanostructures don't break down the actual clothing because cotton and the other clothing materials are too strong to be broken down. According to CNN, the researchers cover the clothing in a solution made of silver and copper（铜） nanostuctures. All it takes is 40 minutes of sunlight and your clothes will look as good as new.

So if you spill on yourself during lunch, you can step outside for a walk, and it will be clean by the time you go inside. It not only makes your life easier, but it can also be good for the environment.

According to the US Department of Energy, the average load of laundry uses about 25 gallons（about 94 liters）of water. Water is a very important resource, so using less of it to wash clothes is better for the environment. But one of the scientists at RMIT University knows more needs to be done.

“There's more work to do before we can start throwing out our washing machines，”said Dr Rajesh Ramanathan，“but this is a strong foundation（基础）．”

So what's the next step? Ramanathan wants to either start selling the solution by itself or convincing（说服） clothing makers to treat the clothing with the solution while clothes are being made. 1．How do the clothing with the nanostructures get cleaned?

A. Cotton clothes wash easily. B. This kind of clothing washes it by itself. C. The dirt and stains are broken down in the sunlight. D. Silver and copper help to get off the dirt in the dark. 2. What do Paragraphs 4－5 mainly talk about?

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A. What advantages the self-cleaning clothes have. B. How the self-cleaning clothes work. C. How the self-cleaning clothes are made. D. What helps the self-cleaning clothes work. 3. What does the underlined word “solution” in the last paragraph mean?

A. Machines. B. Clothes. C. Silver. D. Design. 4. What can we learn from the passage?

A. Silver and copper sell well. B. The solution is not put into practice.

C. Clothing makers certainly like the solution. D. We don't need washing machines any more.

Passage 4 空间站之梦

Its name means “heavenly palace” in Chinese. Tiangong-2, China's second space lab, was successfully sent into space on September 15.That was less than one month ahead of the 60th anniversary of the birth of China's space industry.

On Oct. 8, 1956, China started its first missile（导弹）research academy（学院）, kicking off the development of China's space industry. Since then, space scientists and engineers have worked toward the dream of making China an aerospace（航空航天的）power.

Memorable achievements include China's first satellite in 1970, its first manned spacecraft in 2003, its first space walk in 2008, its first space lab Tiangong-1 in 2011, and its first lunar（月球的） “soft landing” in 2013. And now, Tiangong-2 has drawn China one step closer to its dream of building a space station.

Tiangong-2 is designed to operate for at least two years. It orbits（绕轨道运行） Earth at a height of about 393km above the planet's surface.

In mid-October, the Shenzhou-11 manned spacecraft will carry two astronauts into space to enter Tiangong-2. The astronauts will work in the lab for 30 days, doing checkouts and experiments.

“Once the space lab mission（任务）comes to an end, China will start building our own space station.” said Zhou Jianping, chief engineer of China's manned space program.

The space station is planned to be completed by around 2020.

When the International Space Station retires in 2024, the Chinese station will become a place for “scientific research and international cooperation”， according to Zhou.

1. Tiangong-2 is China's ________ which was successfully sent into space on September 15. A. first space lab B. first manned spacecraft C. second space lab D. second space walk 2. The astronauts will work ________ in the lab.

A. 20 days

B. 30 days

C. 30 hours

D. 20 hours

3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. China's first manned spacecraft is in 2003.

B. Tiangong-2 is designed to operate for at least three years.

C. The Shenzhou-11 manned spacecraft will carry four astronauts into space. D. The space station is planned to be completed by around 2024. 4. From the passage we can know ________．

A. the birth of China's space industry B. we have built a space station

C. space station dream is closer D. the lunar “soft landing” only happened in China

Passage 5 女排精神

The Chinese women's volleyball team has won! After more than 30 years of striving through hardships since the 1980s, the Chinese girls earned their third historic Olympic gold medal in Rio De Janeiro on Sunday.

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Looking back at the Chinese women's volleyball team's Rio journey, people can only call it “startling（惊人的）by each step” —being assigned to the so-called “group of death”， the Chinese girls struggled into quarterfinals（四分之一决赛） as only the No. 4 of the group with just two victories in preliminaries（预赛）．

But the girls never gave up. After a victory comeback against Brazil in the quarterfinals and then beat the Netherlands in the semis（半决赛）, they made their way to the final and rewrote history.

Since the 1980s, Chinese women's volleyball team has risen to the top podium（领奖台）five times in World Championships, World Cups and Olympics.

The success of the team in Rio, 32 years after the historic Olympic victory in Los Angeles in 1984, is a vivid picture of fighting spirit of the Chinese women's volleyball team: to march on with courage, teamwork and selflessness.

Through ups and downs and fighting along the way, the Chinese women's volleyball team has never forgotten its dream. Just like China's coach Lang Ping said: “My players never gave up even though they had fallen behind. We managed to win the match and that is what our team showed the world.”

Today, the Chinese need the fighting spirit of the women's volleyball team more than ever. As individuals, living in a time full of opportunities and challenges, one needs the spirit to move on step by step. To be a champion, more than a champion! May the fighting spirit of the Chinese women's volleyball team be always with us.

1. The Chinese women's volleyball team has got the Olympic gold medal for ______ times.

A. one A. Russia

B. two B. Brazil

C. three

C. Netherlands

D. four D. Serbia

2. The Chinese women's volleyball team beat ________ in the quarterfinals. 3. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?

A. It is easy for the Chinese women's volleyball team to win the gold medal. B. The Chinese women's volleyball team was among the top teams in the 1980s. C. Lang Ping is the coach of the Chinese women's volleyball team.

D. We all should learn from the fighting spirit of the women's volleyball team. 4. What is the best title of the passage?

A Great Victory B. The Brave Girls C. The Great Moments D. The Fighting Spirit

Passage 6 G20峰会

Hangzhou is a beautiful city in eastern China. It is well-known as a wonderful sightseeing place （旅游地）to people from all over the world. Some people thought the G20 Summit should be held in Beijing or Shanghai. But Hangzhou won the trust of the government. It held the G20 Summit on September 4th, 2016 successfully. The G20 Summit lasted two days.

The expert said, from Moscow, “The G20 Summit is held in China. It shows the respect for China's great success.” Some countries show that China has become a main economic（经济的）country. It largely helps the economic development of the world.

The G20 Summit is a forum（论坛）that 20 countries，such as America, Japan, Russia, German, and Australia, get together and discuss some issues. As the second largest economy of the world, China has a strong influence on the global（全球）development. China is an example to many developing countries, including Russia. These developing countries are closely learning from China's experience and following China's footsteps.

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Since the global financial crisis in 2008, G20 members have taken many measures to develop their economy. This time, China is expected to come up with some good ideas for the global economy. China has said, “Strong world trade and investment（投资）are important for development.” China has lots of good ideas and won't let the world down. 1. Which city held the G20 Summit this year?

A. Beijing.

B. Shanghai.

C. Hangzhou.

D. Suzhou.

2. The G20 Summit held in China________．

A. because Chinese economy is successful B. because America supports China C. because Hangzhou is very beautiful D. because other countries are poor 3. The aim of the G20 Summit is ________．

A. to keep world peace B. to solve world poverty C. to improve world environment D. to develop world economy 4. We can see this passage________．

A. in a science report B. in a history book C. in a newspaper D. in a magazine

Passage 7 神舟十一号

China launched（发射） the Shenzhou XI manned（有人驾驶的）spacecraft successfully on Monday morning of October 17th to transport two astronauts to Tiangong Ⅱ space laboratory.

The spacecraft was sent into the sky at 7∶00 am atop a Long March 2F rocket from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwest China. It carried two male astronauts—49-year-old Jing Haipeng and 37-year-old Chen Dong.

After the launch, the spacecraft would travel two days before docking with the Tiangong Ⅱ， which was launched from Jiuquan center in mid-September. Then the astronauts would enter the space lab and stay there for 30 days, which would be the longest space stay by Chinese astronauts.

The mission（任务）of the orbiting（沿轨道运行）space lab Tiangong Ⅱ and the Shenzhou XI manned spacecraft marks the first time that Chinese astronauts stay in orbit for medium term.

Jing Haipeng and Chen Dong would also share their work and life in space via（通过）texts, photos, audios and videos through Xinhua Press' global media service. During their 30 days in the space lab, the astronauts would work eight hours every day, six days a week. They have almost 100 kinds of foods and exercise through a fixed bike and treadmill（跑步机）．

President Xi Jinping sent a message of congratulations for the successful launch. He expressed the hope that the staff of the mission should constantly break new ground for the manned space program, so that Chinese people will take bigger steps and march further in exploring the space, to make new contribution to the building of China into a space power.

Zhang Yulin, deputy commander-in-chief of China's manned space program, said Shenzhou Ⅺ marks the imminent end of the exploratory stage of China's manned space program. The program will carry out manned space missions on a regular basis with the establishment of its own space station. China's space station is expected to debut around 2020. It may become humans' only foothold in space when the International Space Station retires in 2024.

1. The Shenzhou XI manned spacecraft launched______．

A. on Monday morning of September 17th B. at 7：30 am of October 17th C. on a Monday morning to mid-September D. at 7：30 am in mid-September 2. Which one is not right about Jing Haipeng and Chen Dong?

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