福师1203考试批次《现代语言学》复习题及参考答案

福师1203考试批次《现代语言学》复习题及参考答案一

本课程复习题所提供的答案仅供学员在复习过程中参考之用，有问题请到课程论坛提问

本复习题页码标注所用教材为：

教材名称

现代语言学教程

单价

作者 孙丽红

版本

出版社

如学员使用其他版本教材，请参考相关知识点

题号 答案 F 1 T 2 F 3 T 4 5 F F 6 F 7 I. Decide whether each statement is true (T) or false (F). (1.5*10=15) 8 T T 9 F 10

1. Sometimes bound morphemes can be used by themselves.

2. There is a three-word sentence stage in first language acquisition. 3. A simple sentence consists of a single clause which contains a

subject and a predicate and stands alone as its own sentence. 4. A locutionary act is the act of conveying literal meaning by means

of syntax, lexicon, and phonology. 5. Language is entirely arbitrary.

6. The naming theory of meaning was proposed by the ancient Greek

scholar Plato.

7. Compounding is the addition of affixes to stems to form new words. 8. All utterances take the form of sentences.

9. Suffixes modify the meaning of the original word and in many cases change its

part of speech.

10.The most basic element of meaning is traditionally called morpheme.

II. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement. (1.5*10=15) 题号 答案 C 1 A 2 D 3 A 4 B 5 B 6 C 7 A 8 A 9 A 10 1. The pharynx refers to the space of cavity between the larynx and the

end of ____.

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A. tongue B. hard palate C. soft palate D. vocal cords 2. Morphemes that represent “tense”, “number”, “gender”,

“case” and so forth are called ____ morphemes.

A. inflectional B. bound C. free D. derivational 3. The fact that ability to speak a language is transmitted from generation to generation by a process of learning, and not genetically is usually referred to as ____.

A. performance B. language acquisition C. cultural transmission D. competence

4. The sound [s] and [z] are the results of air escaping under frication between tongue and ____ before passing through the teeth. A. hard palate B. uvula C. alveolar ridge D. soft palate 5. ____ deals with language application to other fields, particularly

education.

A. Linguistic geography B. Applied linguistics C. Sociolinguistics D. Comparative linguistics 6. Vowels that are produced between the positions for a front and back vowel are called ____ vowels.

A. open B. close C. front D. central 7、______ is defined as a conscious process of accumulating knowledge of a second language usually obtained in school settings.

A. Competence B. Performance

C. Learning D. Acquisition

8、______ act theory is an important theory in the pragmatic study of language.

A. Speaking B. Speech C. Sound D. Spoken

9. A ______ analysis of an utterance will reveal what the speaker intends to do with it.

A. semantic B. syntactic C. pragmatic D. grammatical 10.The most basic element of meaning is traditionally callen______ A. morpheme B. syntactic C. pragmatic D. grammatical

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III. Dissect the following words into morphemes. (2*5=10)

1. though _______________ _______ 考核知识点：morpheme，参见P19-22

2. speeches _________________ _____ 考核知识点：morpheme，参见P19-22

3. geography ___________ ___________ 考核知识点：morpheme，参见P19-22

4、morpheme___________ ___________ 考核知识点：morpheme，参见P19-22

5、syntactic___________ ___________ 考核知识点：morpheme，参见P19-22 IV. Define the following terms. (5*6=30) 1. the telegraphic stage

考核知识点：language acquisition，参见P48 2. language

考核知识点：language ，参见P3 3. discreteness

考核知识点：discreteness参见P9 4. vowel

考核知识点：vowel，参见P14 5. internal structure

考核知识点：internal structure，参见P22

V. Answer the following questions. (15*2=30) 1. Why do we say language is arbitrary? 考核知识点：arbitrary，参见P5

参考答案要点：Arbitrariness in narrow sense refers to the lack of physical，logical or natural connection(i．e．the inexplicability of the relationship)between individual linguistic symbols and the meanings they symbolize．We know people use linguistic symbols which are originally meaningless to refer to something meaningful．There is no physical，’logical or natural connection between the symbolic signs used in language and the meaning they stand for．It is inexplicable．We

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can’t explain why the English people use‘'water'’to refer to the stuff in this bottle．Similarly,we can’t explain why the Chinese people use“水”to refer to the stuff．So language is arbitrary in nature． 2. What’s the difference between langue and parole? 考核知识点：langue and parole，参见P3-10

参考答案要点：Language is full ofvarieties：no two speakers speak in an identical manner；no two speakers have an identical learning experience．

Language consists in its varieties，that is to say,language is realized through its varieties(cp．the relation．between fruit and apple，between phoneme and allophones and phones and between langue and parole．

福师1203考试批次《现代语言学》复习题及参考答案二

本课程复习题所提供的答案仅供学员在复习过程中参考之用，有问题请到课程论坛提问

本复习题页码标注所用教材为：

教材名称

现代语言学教程

单价

作者 孙丽红

版本

出版社

如学员使用其他版本教材，请参考相关知识点

I. Decide whether each statement is true (T) or false (F). (15 points, 1.5 points for each)

1、 Linguistics is generally defined as the scientific study of language.. 2、Language is not only linearly-structured.

3、Linguistic performance is essentially a social phenomenon and also a context-dependent behavior.

4、General linguistics studies the basic concepts, theories,

5、descriptions, models and methods applicable are not in any linguistic study. 6、Some languages are not superior to other languages.

7、Compounding is the addition of affixes to stems to form new words. 8、 Not all utterances take the form of sentences.

9、Morphemes modify the meaning of the original word and in many cases change its part of speech.

10、The most basic element of meaning is traditionally called morphe. 参考答案：1-5 F T F T F 6-10 T F T T F

II. Choose the ONE choice that best completes each statement. (20 points, 2 points for each)

1.Whcih of the following best states the behaviorist view of child language

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acquisition?_______.

A. Language acquisition is a process of habit formation

B. Language acquisition is the species-specific property of human beings C. Children are born with an innate ability to acquire language

D. Humans are equipped with the neural prerequisites for language and language use

参考答案B

2.The pair of words \

A.gradable opposites B.relational opposites C.co-hyponyms D.synonyms 参考答案B

3. The discovery of Indo-European language family began with the work of the

British scholar .

A.Jacob Grimm B.Rasmus Rask C.Franz Bopp D.Sir William Jones 参考答案D

4. A linguist regards the changes in language and language use as __. A.unusual B.something to be feared C.abnormal D.natural 参考答案D

5. __produce fast and fluent speech with good intonation and pronunciation but the

content of their speech ranges from mildly inappropriate to complete nonsense,often as unintelligible.

A.Broca\ B.The linguistic deprivation

C.The damage on the angular gyrus D.Wernicke\参考答案D

6.Some Southern learners of English in China tend to say \as \

shows: .

A.They cannot pronounce/n/

B. Interlangue interference because there is notthe sound /n/in their mother

tongue

C.The teachers do not have a good teaching method D.They do not like to pronounce nasal sounds 参考答案B

7.. A word with several meanings is called __word.

A.a polysemous B.a synonymous C.an abnormal D.a multiple 参考答案A

8.. The function of the sentence \, isn\

A.informative B.phatic C.directive D.performative

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