2018高考总复习--状语从句（教师版）

2018高考总复习之状语从句

—、教学目标

1.学习状语从句的基本用法

2.学会在具体情境中对连接词的运用 3.掌握状语从句与其他从句的区别 二、教学重点：状语从句连接词的选用

三、教学难点：学会在做题中总结如何使用正确的连接词

预习案 （学生思考）

概念及分类：在复合句中修饰主句或主句中的某一成分的从句叫状语从句。状语从句

通常由从属连词或起连词作用的词组引导，有时甚至不需要连词直接和主句连接起来。状语从句根据它表达的意思不同，可分为时间 、地点 、原因 、目的 、结果 、条件 、方式 、比较 、让步 等九类。

时间状语从句（一）

一． when, while和as 1,when

Task 1察下面例句，总结其用法：

1)When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays. 2)When the film ended, the people went back. 总结：①when表示点时间时，从句中用短暂性动词;

表示段时间时，从句中用用持续性动词。

Task 2 完成下列句子中：

3）We were having a meeting whensomeone broke in.

4）We were about to set off on our way whenit suddenly began to rain 5）She was on the point of going to shop when the telephone rang.（ring） 6）Hardly hadI arrived when the train left. 7）Hehad just finished（finish）his home work when someone asked him to play basketball.

总结：be doing……when ……__: _be about to do ……when……____

be on the point of doing……when… ； had just done ……when……_________ 在以上结构中，when 的含义是：正当...时候 (= at that moment)，做为并列连词。

when只能跟在前一分句之后。

Task 3观察下列句子中when 的含义：

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8）It was foolish of you to take a taxiwhen you could easily walk there in five minutes. 9）Why do you want a new job whenyou have got such a good one?

10）He walks when he might take a taxi.

11）How can you hope for mercy yourself when you show none 总结:在以上句子中when表示条件，意思接近“在…...情况下”如句 8. 9

或表示虽然，尽管的含义，相当于although或since如句 10 .11 Task 4 拓展：注意wheneve在句中含义：

whenever是when的强势语,描述是经常发生的习惯性动作. 12）I go to the theater whenever I get the chance.(每当，每次) 13）Come and see me whenever you want to.（在任何时候）

2,while

Task 1观察例句并总结用法，并把while的含义写在后面括号内：

14）We were listeningto the radio while he was reading newspaper.（在…….时候 ） 15）I like tea while helike coffee.（ 然而 ）

16）Please don’t talk so loud while others are working.( 在…….期间 ) 17）Strike the iron while it is hot. ( 在…….时候 ) 18）While they are my neighbors, I don’t know them well. （虽然）

19）I am fond of English while he likes maths.（ 然而 ） 总结：①while引导时间状语从句时谓语动词须为__持续性动词作谓语,

常用_进行_时态, 译为_在…….时候如句 14， 16，

②作为并列连词,表示_转折 ，译成_然而__；语气比but _弱____。如句 15, 19 ③while有时可引导让步状语从句，意思是虽然。如句 18

【提示】虽然during 与 while 意思很相近，但是during是 介词 ，不能引导从句。

例如，20）Duringthe summer holidays， we went swumming every day. 21） While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.

时间状语从句（二）

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—、学习目标

1.学习状语从句的基本用法

2.学会在具体情境中对连接词的运用 二、学习重点：状语从句连接词的选用

三、学习难点：学会在做题中总结如何使用正确的连接词 预习案 3. as

Task 1引导时间状语从句：观察例句并总结用法：

1）As time goes on, it’s getting warmer and warmer. 2）The thief was caught as he was stealing in the supermarket. 3）They talked as they walked. 总结：①as表示随着

②as引导时间状语，译为当……时候 。相当于when，两者经常可以通用。 ③as表示一边...一边...，强调从句和主句中两个动作交替进行或同步进行。 二．“一……就……”的表达方式：

Task 1 ①常用连词： as soon as, once , no sooner…than…, hardly(scarecely,barely)…when…

②-ly 结尾的副词作连词： immediately, directly, instantly, ③the+ n. 的结构：the moment, the minute, the instant, the second

Task 2 观察例句并总结用法：

4）The moment I heard the voice, I knew father was coming. 5）No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left. 6）The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother. 7）Once you see him， you will never forget him.

8）The second the bell rang， the students rushed out of the classroom.

总结：以上连词引导的从句动作一发生，主句的动作随即发生，常译为__刚一……就……__ 注意：在no sooner…than …;hardly/scarcely/barely…when 结构中，主句用_过去完成时_，从句使用一般过去时 （时态）。此外，当把no sooner或hardly等提到句首时，应用_部分倒装 （语序）。

9）I had hardly got home when it began to rain. =Hardlyhad Igot home when it began to rain . - 3 -

10) Tom had no sooner come here than I called you. =No sooner _had Tom come here than I called you._____ 三．特殊连词

Task 1观察例句并总结用法：

10）He left me a good impression the first time I met him.

11）The year my brother joined the army I graduated from the high school. 12）Every time I see her, she is always busy.

13）I had waited for 3 hours by the time the train arrived. 14）I shall have finished my work by the time you return. 总结：表示时间的名词或名词短语也可以引起时间状语从句，如：_

the first/second/last time，next time， every/each time the day/week/year ,all the time . 注意：by the time引导时间状语从句，意为到...时为止，

当从句为一般过去时，主句要用 过去完成时 当从句为一般现在时，主句要用 将来完成时 四． till、 until 和not … until Task 1观察例句并总结用法： 15）You may stay here until the rain stops. 16）He won’t go to bed until she returns. 17）Until you told me I have no idea of it.

18）People do not know the value of their health till they lose it. 19）It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it. 20）Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.

总结: ①肯定句主句谓语动词必须是_延续性动词,意为某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止。

②否定句：主句谓语动词必须是_非延续性动词,意为某动作直到某时间才开始。 ③_until ___可以用于句首，而_till _不可以。 ④在强调句型中not until 两词在一起不分开； ⑤Not until位于句首时，主句要用 部分倒装。

时间状语从句（三）

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—、学习目标

1.学习状语从句的基本用法 2.学会在具体情境中对连接词的运用 3.掌握状语从句与其他从句的区别 二、学习重点：状语从句连接词的选用

三、学习难点：学会在做题中总结如何使用正确的连接词

预习案

五． before 和since 1.before

Task 1观察例句并总结用法： 1）Look before you leap.

2）You must first learn to walk before you try to run. 3）He ran off before I could stop him. 4）Take it down before you forget it.

总结：before表示在一段时间之前。如句 1,2，

before 从句往往带有否定的含义。如句 3,4 Task 2 before 构成的固定句型， 观察例句并总结用法：

5）It will be a year before you leave school. 6）It was a long time before I got to sleep again. 7）It was not long before I realized I was wrong. 8）It won’t be long before he goes abroad.

总结：It will be +__一段时间__ before (谓语动词用 一般现在时 ) 意为：多久之后才……

It won’t be +__一段时间_ before (谓语动词用 一般现在时 ) 意为：不久就会…… It was +_一段时间__before(谓语动词用__一般过去时_)__意为：多久之后才…… 2.since

Task 1观察例句子并翻译成汉语。最后总结用法： 8）I have written home four times since I came here. 9）She has been working in this factory since he left school. 10）It is three years since the war broke out

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_No matter how hard he tries____, he couldn’t find a job. 11) Whatever you say (=No matter what __), he won’t believe you. 12)Wherever (=_No matter where_____) you go, I will go. 13)Whoever (=_No matter who___) you are , you must obey the rules.

状语从句（十）之结果状语从句

预习案

Task 1观察例句，概括结构：

1）Mike is such an honest worker that we all believe him. 2）Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe him. 3）It is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park. 4）He earned so little money that he couldn’t support his family. 总结：so+adj./adv.+that……；

such+(adj)+n.+that……___； so+adj. +a/an+n.+that……； such+ a/an + adj. +n.+that…… ； so+many/much/few/little +n.+that……

Task 2 完成下列句子

5）So clever a student ___is he _____that he can work out the difficult problem. 6）It is surprising that ___such____ little worms eat _so____ many grains. 7）He is _so____smart a boy that I like him very much. 8）Can you believe that in __such_ a rich country there should be _so__ many poor people? 注意：① little 当“少”讲时用so; little 当“小”讲时用such

②当so或such置于句首时，主要倒装语序。 Task 3 用such…as; such…that,完成下列句子并作出回答：

9）I never heard such storiesashe tells. 10）Please send such onesasyou have tomorrow. 11）He is such a lively boy thateveryone likes him.

思考：such…as结构中，as 引导的是什么从句？比较such…that并得出结论：

状语从句（十一）之比较状语从句

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—、学习目标

1.学习状语从句的基本用法 2.学会在具体情境中对连接词的运用 3.掌握状语从句与其他从句的区别 二、学习重点：状语从句连接词的选用

三、学习难点：学会在做题中总结如何使用正确的连接词

预习案

常用引导词：as……as, not as/so….as(同级比较) ; than(不同程度的比较) 特殊引导词：the more … the more … ; A is to B what /as X is to Y; 注意：as……as 中间用adj.或adv.的原级。 Task 1 完成下例句子

1）She is as bad-tempered asher mother. 2）The house is three timesas big as /bigger than (big)ours. 3）The more you exercise,the healthier （healthy） you will be. 4）Food is to men what oil is to machine.（英译汉）

食物之于人，犹如油之于机器。 5）He is tallerthanI (am)

6）He studiesharder(hard)than we expect.

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