Sigmapolt 12.0中文教程 - 图文

SigmaPlot12用户指南

内容

1 SigmaPlot12.0....................................................................................................1

1.1 What‘sNewinSigmaPlot.........................................................................1 1.2 InstallingSigmaPlot..................................................................................2

1.2.1 SystemRequirements.....................................................................2 1.2.2 SerialNumbers................................................................................3 1.2.3 AboutSigmaPlot‘sUserandProgramFiles.......................................3 1.3 SigmaPlotBasics.......................................................................................4

1.3.1 UsingSigmaPlot‘sRibbons..............................................................5 1.3.2 UsingthePropertyBrowser.............................................................5 1.3.3 MainButton....................................................................................5 1.3.4 QuickAccessToolbar......................................................................6 1.3.5 SettingProgramOptions..................................................................7 1.3.6 GraphTypesandStyles....................................................................8 1.3.7 GraphStyleGalleryandTemplates...................................................8 1.3.8 AxisScales.....................................................................................9 1.3.9 SmoothingData...............................................................................9 1.3.10 SigmaPlotWorksheet...................................................................10 1.3.11 Statistics......................................................................................10 1.3.12 RegressionWizard......................................................................10 1.3.13 Transforms..................................................................................10 1.3.14 DrawingToolsintheMiniToolbar...............................................10 1.3.15 Reports.......................................................................................10 1.4 AnatomyofSigmaPlotGraphs.................................................................11

1.4.1 2DCartesianGraph......................................................................11 1.4.2 PieChartExample.........................................................................14 1.4.3 PolarPlotExample........................................................................15 1.4.4 ContourPlotExample....................................................................16 1.4.5 3DCartesianGraphExamples........................................................17 1.4.6 WaterfallPlotExample..................................................................19 1.4.7 AreaPlotExample.........................................................................20 1.5 SigmaPlotHelp.......................................................................................20

1.5.1 SigmaPlotFAQs............................................................................20 1.5.2 CustomerService..........................................................................21 1.5.3 TrainingSeminars.........................................................................21 1.5.4 TellUsYourThoughts...................................................................21 1.5.5 GettingTechnicalSupport..............................................................21 1.5.6 ContactingSystatSoftware,Inc......................................................21 1.5.7 References....................................................................................22

2 CreatingandModifyingGraphs..........................................................................23

2.1 SettingGraphDefaults.............................................................................23 2.2 SigmaPlotGraphTypes............................................................................24 2.3 SigmaPlotGraphStyles..........................................................................25

2.3.1 ScatterPlots..................................................................................25 2.3.2 LinePlots......................................................................................30 2.3.3 Line&ScatterPlots.......................................................................31 2.3.4 AreaPlots.....................................................................................33 2.3.5 PolarPlots.....................................................................................34 2.3.6 RadarPlots ...................................................................................35 2.3.7 TernaryPlots.................................................................................36 2.3.8 VerticalBarCharts........................................................................36

3

SigmaPlot12User‘sGuide

2.3.9 HorizontalBarCharts....................................................................38 2.3.10 BoxPlots....................................................................................39 2.3.11 ContourPlots...............................................................................39 2.3.12 3DLinePlots..............................................................................40 2.4 ArrangingDataforGraphs.......................................................................40

2.4.1 ArrangingDatafor2DPlots...........................................................40 2.4.2 ArrangingDataforPolarPlots .......................................................46 2.4.3 ArrangingDataforaTernaryGraph ...............................................47 2.4.4 ArrangingDataforBubblePlots.....................................................48 2.4.5 ArrangingDatafor3DGraphs.......................................................50 2.5 CreatingGraphs......................................................................................52

2.5.1 CreatingaGraphfromtheQuickStartScreen.................................53 2.5.2 CreatingGraphsUsingtheGraphWizard.......................................54 2.5.3 EnteringDataRangesintotheGraphWizard..................................57 2.6 UsingtheGraphStyleGallery..................................................................58

2.6.1 AddingStylestotheGraphStyleGallery........................................59 2.6.2 ApplyingGraphStylestoPages.....................................................60 2.6.3 EditingGraphsintheGraphStyleGallery.......................................60 2.6.4 CreatingGraphStyleGalleryGraphsfromtheGraphWizard...........61 2.7 ModifyingGraphsUsingthePropertyBrowser.........................................63

2.7.1 ModifyingPlotsandAxes..............................................................63 2.7.2 ModifyingGridsandPlanes,TitlesandLegends.............................63 2.7.3 SelectingaGraphoraPlot............................................................64 2.7.4 PickingDifferentDatafortheCurrentPlot......................................65 2.7.5 ChangingGraphTypeandStyle.....................................................67 2.7.6 AddingNewPlots.........................................................................68 2.7.7 CreatingAdditionalPlots...............................................................69 2.7.8 Hiding,Showing,andDeletingPlots...............................................70 2.7.9 SamplingFewerDataPoints..........................................................72 2.7.10 PlottingMissingandOutofAxisRangeDataPoints......................73 2.8 CreatingandModifyingEmbeddedSigmaPlotGraphs...............................75

2.8.1 CreatingEmbeddedGraphs............................................................75 2.8.2 UsingEmbeddedGraphOptions.....................................................75 2.8.3 EditingEmbeddedGraphs..............................................................76 2.8.4 ViewingDataforanEmbeddedGraph............................................77 2.8.5 ResizingEmbeddedGraphs............................................................77 2.8.6 CreatingSigmaPlotGraphsUsingMicrosoftExcel..........................77 2.9 ChangingSymbolTypeandOtherSymbolOptions...................................78

2.9.1 ChangingSymbolType,Size,andColor........................................78 2.9.2 AutomaticallyIncrementingSymbols.............................................79 2.9.3 UsingCharactersandTextasSymbols............................................81 2.9.4 UsingDifferentSymbolSizes........................................................83 2.10 ChangingLineTypeandOtherLineOptions...........................................86

2.10.1 ChangingPlotLineAttributes......................................................86 2.10.2 AutomaticallyIncrementingLines................................................88 2.11 ChangingPatternsandFillColors...........................................................89

2.11.1 ChangingPlotFillPatternsandColors..........................................89 2.11.2 AutomaticallyIncrementingChartFills.........................................92 2.11.3 UsingCustomSymbol,Fill,Line,andColorIncrements...............93 2.12 ChangingBarandBoxWidthsandSpacing.............................................95

2.12.1 UniformversusVariableBarWidths.............................................99 2.13 AddingandModifyingDropLines.........................................................99

2.13.1 DropLinesforaSinglePoint......................................................102

4

2.14 PlottingandSolvingEquations..............................................................103

2.14.1 PlottingEquationsontoExistingGraphs......................................105 2.14.2 SettingEquationParameters........................................................106 2.14.3 PlottingSavedEquations.............................................................107 2.14.4 SolvingEquations.......................................................................108 2.14.5 ResultsBoxTipsandTricks........................................................110 2.14.6 EquationSolvingGuidelines.......................................................111 2.15 PlottingandModifyingRegressionLines...............................................112

2.15.1 ModifyingandAddingLinearRegressionLines...........................112 2.15.2 ViewingandSavingRegressionEquationResults.........................113 2.15.3 AddingConfidenceandPredictionIntervals.................................114 2.15.4 LinearRegression,Confidence,andPredictionCalculation...........115 2.16 AddingReferenceLines........................................................................117

2.16.1 DrawingReferenceLines............................................................118 2.17 CreatingHistograms.............................................................................120

2.17.1 UsingtheHistogram Wizard........................................................120 2.17.2 TheHistogramTransformFunction............................................123

3 GraphPageBasics............................................................................................125

3.1 AboutGraphPages.................................................................................125

3.1.1 SettingPageOptions ....................................................................125 3.1.2 ExportingGraphsandPages..........................................................126 3.1.3 PrintingGraphPages....................................................................127 3.2 WorkingwithPageObjects.....................................................................127

3.2.1 SelectingPageObjects.................................................................128 3.2.2 SelectingMultipleObjects............................................................128 3.2.3 SelectingObjectsthatOverlayOneAnother...................................129 3.2.4 RealTimeMouse-OverFeedback..................................................129 3.3 AddingAnotherGraphtoaPage.............................................................130

3.3.1 CreatingaNewGraphontheCurrentPage....................................130 3.3.2 CopyingaGraphontheSamePage...............................................130 3.3.3 CopyingandPastingaGraphfromOnePagetoAnother.................130 3.4 ZoomingInandOut................................................................................131 3.5 UsingGraphPagesasTemplates.............................................................131

3.5.1 ApplyingTemplates......................................................................131 3.5.2 TemplatesandNotebooks.............................................................133 3.5.3 ChangingthePageCreatedwiththeNewPageButton....................134 3.5.4 ChangingtheTemplateFileUsedforNewPages............................135 3.5.5 AddingNewPagestoTemplate.jnt................................................136 3.6 Cutting,CopyingandPastingGraphsandotherPageObjects....................136

3.6.1 CuttingandCopyingGraphs.........................................................136 3.6.2 PastingObjects.............................................................................136 3.7 UsingOLEtoPaste,LinkandEmbedObjects.........................................137

3.7.1 SigmaPlotandOLE......................................................................137 3.7.2 MethodsOfPlacingObjects..........................................................137 3.7.3 LinkingorEmbeddingObjects......................................................138 3.7.4 PlacingSigmaPlotObjectsintoOtherApplications.........................139 3.7.5 ViewasIcon................................................................................139 3.7.6 PlacingSigmaPlotGraphsintoOtherApplications.........................141 3.7.7 PastingObjectsontoaGraphPageorReport..................................143 3.7.8 PlacingObjectswithouttheClipboard...........................................145 3.8 DraggingandDroppingGraphs...............................................................146

3.8.1 DraggingandDroppingGraphsBetweenPages..............................146 3.9 HidingandDeletingObjectsfromthePage.............................................147

5

SigmaPlot12User‘sGuide

16.3 Opening.FITFiles................................................................................637

16.3.1 Adding.FITFilestoaLibraryorNotebook..................................638 16.4 UsingtheRegressionWizard.................................................................638

16.4.1 SelectingtheEquationtoUse......................................................638 16.4.2 SelectingtheVariablestoFit.......................................................639 16.4.3 ViewingFitResults.....................................................................639 16.4.4 SettingNumericOutputOptions..................................................639 16.4.5 SettingGraphOptions.................................................................640 16.4.6 SelectingColumnsforGraphData...............................................641 16.4.7 FinishingtheRegression............................................................642 16.5 SettingNonlinearRegressionReportOptions.........................................642

16.5.1 AssumptionChecking.................................................................642 16.5.2 Residuals...................................................................................643 16.5.3 MoreStatistics............................................................................645 16.5.4 OtherDiagnostics.......................................................................645 16.6 RunningaRegressionFromaNotebook ................................................646 16.7 CreatingNewRegressionEquations......................................................647 16.8 ViewingandEditingCode....................................................................648 16.9 SavingRegressionEquationChanges.....................................................648 16.10 VariableOptions.................................................................................649

16.10.1 MultipleIndependentVariables.................................................649 16.11 EquationOptions................................................................................649

16.11.1 Parameters................................................................................650 16.11.2 Constraints...............................................................................650 16.11.3 EnteringParameterConstraints.................................................651 16.11.4 DefiningConstants...................................................................652 16.11.5 FitwithWeight.........................................................................652 16.11.6 Iterations..................................................................................652 16.11.7 StepSize..................................................................................653 16.11.8 Tolerance..................................................................................654 16.12 WatchingTheFitProgress...................................................................654

16.12.1 CancellingaRegression............................................................655 16.13 InterpretingFitResults........................................................................655

16.13.1 CompletionStatusMessages.....................................................655 16.13.2 Rsqr.........................................................................................655 16.13.3 FitResults...............................................................................655 16.13.4 ChangingtheRegressionEquationorVariables.........................656 16.13.5 MoreIterations.........................................................................656 16.13.6 CheckingUseofConstraints.....................................................656 16.13.7 QuittingtheRegression.............................................................657 16.14 SavingRegressionResults...................................................................657

16.14.1 SavingtheResultsusingDefaultSettings...................................657 16.14.2 SavingResultstotheWorksheet................................................657 16.15 GraphingRegressionEquations..........................................................658

16.15.1 DataPlottedforRegressionCurves............................................659 16.16 ConfidenceandPredictionBands.........................................................660

16.16.1 ConfidenceandPredictionBandComputationalFormulas...........660 16.16.2 ChangingConfidenceandPredictionBandPercentage

Values......................................................................................661

16.17 InterpretingRegressionReports...........................................................664

16.17.1 EquationCode..........................................................................664 16.17.2 RandRSquared......................................................................664 16.17.3 AdjustedRSquared.................................................................665

16

16.17.4 StandardErroroftheEstimate..................................................665 16.17.5 StatisticalSummaryTable.........................................................665 16.17.6 AnalysisofVariance(ANOVA)Table........................................666 16.17.7 PRESSStatistic........................................................................667 16.17.8 Durbin-WatsonStatistic.............................................................667 16.17.9 NormalityTest..........................................................................667 16.17.10 ConstantVarianceTest...........................................................668 16.17.11 Power.....................................................................................668 16.17.12 RegressionDiagnostics...........................................................669 16.17.13 InfluenceDiagnostics..............................................................669 16.17.14 ConfidenceandPredictionIntervals.........................................670 16.18 RegressionEquationLibrariesandNotebooks.....................................671

16.18.1 OpeninganEquationLibrary....................................................672 16.18.2 UsingaDifferentLibraryfortheRegressionWizard..................672 16.19 CurveFittingDateAndTimeData.......................................................673

16.19.1 ConvertingDatestoNumbers....................................................674 16.19.2 ConvertingNumbersBacktoDates...........................................676 16.20 RegressionResultsMessages..............................................................678

16.20.1 CompletionStatusMessages.....................................................678 16.20.2 ErrorStatusMessages..............................................................679 16.21 DynamicCurveFitting........................................................................680

16.21.1 UsingtheDynamicFitWizard...................................................680 16.21.2 DynamicCurveFitReports.......................................................688 16.21.3 DynamicFitProfileGraph.........................................................689 16.21.4 DynamicCurveFittingExamples..............................................690 16.22 GlobalCurveFitting...........................................................................705

16.22.1 UsingtheGlobalFitWizard......................................................705 16.22.2 GlobalCurveFitReports...........................................................711

17 RegressionLessons.........................................................................................713

17.1 Lesson1:LinearCurveFit....................................................................713

17.1.1 AddingaParameterConstraint...................................................714 17.1.2 SavingResults............................................................................714 17.1.3 GraphingResults........................................................................715 17.1.4 ComparingRegressionWizardResultswith LinearRegression

Results....................................................................................715

17.2 Lesson2:SigmoidalFunctionFit..........................................................716

17.2.1 ExaminingandAnalyzingtheData..............................................716 17.2.2 FittingwithaDifferentEquation.................................................717

18 EditingCode..................................................................................................719

18.1 AboutRegressionEquations..................................................................719

18.1.1 ProtectedCodeforBuilt-inEquations..........................................719 18.1.2 OpeninganExistingEquation.....................................................719 18.1.3 CreatingaNewEquation............................................................720 18.1.4 CopyingEquations.....................................................................721 18.1.5 AddingEquationsasNewEntries................................................722 18.2 EnteringRegressionEquationCode.......................................................722

18.2.1 AddingComments......................................................................723 18.2.2 EnteringEquations.....................................................................723 18.2.3 DefiningConstants.....................................................................724 18.2.4 EnteringVariables......................................................................724 18.2.5 AutomaticInitialParameterEstimationFunctions.........................725 18.2.6 EnteringInitialParameters..........................................................725 18.2.7 ParameterConstraints.................................................................726

17

SigmaPlot12User‘sGuide

18.2.8 Options......................................................................................726 18.3 SavingEquations..................................................................................726

18.3.1 SavingEquationCopieswithResults...........................................726 18.4 Equations.............................................................................................726

18.4.1 DefiningtheEquationModel.......................................................727 18.4.2 NumberofParameters................................................................727 18.4.3 DefiningtheFitStatement...........................................................727 18.4.4 DefiningConstants.....................................................................727 18.4.5 DefiningAlternateFitStatements................................................728 18.5 Variables..............................................................................................728

18.5.1 VariableDefinitions....................................................................728 18.5.2 TransformLanguageOperations..................................................729 18.5.3 User-DefinedFunctions..............................................................729 18.5.4 ConcatenatingColumns..............................................................729 18.6 WeightVariables...................................................................................730

18.6.1 SpecifyingtheWeightVariabletoUse.........................................730 18.6.2 DefiningOptionalWeightVariables.............................................730 18.6.3 WhentoUseWeighting..............................................................730 18.6.4 TheWeightingProcess:NormandResidualsChanges..................731 18.7 InitialParameters..................................................................................731

18.7.1 InitialParameterValues..............................................................731 18.7.2 AutomaticParameterEstimation..................................................731 18.7.3 AutomaticDeterminationofInitialParameters.............................732 18.7.4 AlternateParameterValues.........................................................733 18.8 Constraints...........................................................................................733

18.8.1 ValidConstraints.......................................................................733 18.9 OtherOptions......................................................................................734

18.9.1 Iterations....................................................................................734 18.9.2 EvaluatingParameterValuesUsing0Iterations............................734 18.9.3 StepSize....................................................................................734 18.9.4 Tolerance...................................................................................735

19 RegressionEquationLibrary...........................................................................737

19.1 StandardCurves...................................................................................737 19.2 LigandBinding.....................................................................................737 19.3 Piecewise.............................................................................................739

I Color,Symbol,Line,andFillSchemesandCodes...................................................741

ColorSchemes.......................................................................................................742 SymbolSchemes....................................................................................................744 LineSchemes........................................................................................................745 FillPatternSchemes...............................................................................................746 GraphicCellCodes................................................................................................747

SymbolCodes................................................................................................747 LineCodes............................................................................................................753 FillPatternCodes...................................................................................................755 Index.....................................................................................................................757

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1 SigmaPlot12.0

这一章节中包含的主题

?关于SigmaPlot

?在Sigmaplot中有哪些新内容 ?安装SigmaPlot12 ?SigmaPlot基础

?SigmaPlot 图表剖析 ?SigmaPlot帮助

SigmaPlot12使你更容易正确地使用精确呈现你的调查结果, 出版质量绘图,数据分析和发表工具.SigmaPlot12提供很对科学选项，像自动误差棒,回归线,置信区间,轴断开,技术上的轴缩放,非线性曲线拟合和一张强有力的数据处理电子表格.

SigmaPlot是为Windows平台设计的最新的科学绘图程序. 它已鉴定适合于

MicrosoftOffice98,2000,WindowsVista,WindowsXP,andWindows7. SigmaPlot已明确地设计用于文档和出版调查，专攻结果的图解表示。

创建和编辑曲线图很容易.仅仅点击“CreateGraph”标签,选择一个曲线图类型，并利用曲线图向导拾取你的数据，那么在几秒钟之内你就能创建一个曲线图.你能够创建一个格式工作表,或者使用模板或曲线图样式库应用于你喜爱的曲线图，等等. SigmaPlot也包括一个强有力的非线性曲线拟合,一张极大的科学数据工作表用来容纳大规模的数据集，汇总统计学包括SigmaStat的整个测试收集,一种数学的变换语言和更多。

OLE2技术完全被支持.你能用MicrosoftWord 方程式编辑器注解曲线图，在Word或PowerPoint内部直接编辑你的曲线图,或在SigmaPlot12内用一个Excel电子表格绘图你的数据.

1.1Sigmaplot中的新内容

SigmaPlot12包括进了我们其他少数产品的更多功能性,包括 SigmaStat和EnzymeKinetics模块,添加了一些新的统计检验.除啦这之外, 创建和修改曲线图更容易、更快.

新宏指令.新宏指令包括:

? 缩放曲线图.使用 SigmaPlot的新的缩放曲线图宏指令, 现在你可以缩放和扫视一个长的时间序列和数据序列. ? 点密度.点密度是一个你的数据的图形直方图.SigmaPlot 点密度宏指令提供了一个曲线图非常像一个艺术家准备的似的,毗邻的数据值要么堆栈、要么相偎依。 ? 正态分布比较.该宏指令产生一个多达四个测定变量的可视化的分布以便快速发现并且显示可能的产品缺陷. 正态分布和对应的界限规格被显示.数据的描述统计及工序能力统计学cp和cpk也被计算.

19

SigmaPlot12User‘sGuide

? 平行线分析.匹配数据集的线的斜率和截距能被同等测试.

? 温和的Altman方法比较.如果他们产生相同的结果，使用温和的Altman方法可看到两种方法被比较.一个比较散点图和温和的Altman差异曲线图被创建并且协议统计被计算.

新的格式栏,迷你工具栏,标签窗口视图,图库连接面板,主按钮,功能浏览， .要了解更多信息,查看1.3SigmaPlot基础. 新分析特征.SigmaPlot的新分析特征包括:

? EnzymeKinetics.EnzymeKinetics模块现在被集成到SigmaPlot之中, 提供另外的enzymekinetics分析特征和另外的曲线图类型 (Lineweaver-Burk,Eadie-Hofstee,Scatchard,等等.)

? 较多的曲线拟合特征.SigmaPlot的最新的曲线拟合特征包括:参数的功能的重量变数;参数置信区间;隐函数曲线拟合;和暗示地被适宜的模型所定义的值.

? 新统计学.SigmaPlot最新的统计检验包括非参数的样品 t-检验和Deming回归.

? 添加变换语言.现在用变换语言你能设置列和行的标题.新功能为根查找和等式求解,包括一个帮助解决适宜模型的功能被暗示定义啦. 新的曲线图特征.

? 雷达目标指示图.图表类型包括散布,线,矢量,区域,线和误差范围.对比较分成不同类别的数据集是有用的.

? 斜率填充.几乎所有的曲线图对象都可用彩色斜率. ? 彩色透明.对所有填充和线对象都提供彩色透明支持. ? 图形保真.平滑应用减少了线性对象锯齿样表面. ? 新的缩放和平扫控制 .新的报告特征.

? 标签.用预设风格和自定义插入标签. ? 增强PDF输出.

1.2安装SigmaPlot12

从CD安装SigmaPlot12 到你的计算机.当CD被放置到CD-ROM驱动器上时安装程序会自动开始.指导你完成安装过程的对话框是简单而且具有自述功能的.

注意:为了完成你的安装,你将会需要你的产品支持号.

1.2.1系统需求

SigmaPlot12运行在下列系统:

? WindowsXP

2

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