复习课程--专题二：名词性从句 主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句

名词性从句知识结构图解

定义：在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses). 名词性从句包括主语,宾语,表语,同位语从句. ★ 名词性从句中使用陈述句语序。

① 从属连词that; whether; if (只起引导从句的作用，在从句中不做句子成分）

② 连接代词 what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which,等.在从句 1.分类 中做主语，宾语，表语，定语等句子成分。

③ 连接副词when, where, how, why, whenever, however, wherever等在从句中做状语成分。

引导名词性 2. 名词性从句的连接词选用原则：“缺什么就补什么” 从句的连接词 I know what he is talking about. (从句中缺宾语,指物) Do you know who he is? (从句中缺表语,指人)

Where he will go is unknown. (从句中缺地点状语) I’m sure that they will come tomorrow. (从句中什么都不缺)

名 主语从句 词 从 句 宾语从句 I don’t know which book I should choose. (从句中缺定语) 定义：充当主语功能的句子叫主语从句

That she was chosen made a great stir (轰动) in her school.

注意: ①it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系：

It + be +形容词+ that-从句 It is necessary / important that…. …是有必要 / 重要的…. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句 It is universally acknowledged that../ It is known that…众所周知… It + be +名词+ that-从句 It is common knowledge/ a fact that… ……是常识/事实 It +不及物动词+ that-分句 It happens that…碰巧.. / It occurs to sb.that… 突然想起…… ②It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较

强调句： It is in the morning that the murder took place. (去掉该结构后,句子成分完整) 主语从句：It was a pity that you shouldn’t go to see the film. （在句子中作主语成分）

③whatever /whichever/ whoever引导主语从句的区别

Ⅰ Whatever 是what的强调形式表示“无论什么”相当于 anything that… Whatever / Anything that she does is wrong. Ⅱ whoever 是who的强调形式，表示?无论谁? 相当于anyone who…. ~ever Whoever / Anyone who walks around in such a heavy rain will catch a cold. Ⅲ whichever ?无论哪个;无论哪些?,既指人,又指物. 可修饰名词与of连用 Whichever book you borrow doesn’t matter to us.

Whichever of us fulfills his task will lend a hand to others. 定义：在复合句中充当宾语功能的句子叫宾语从句

We can learn what we didn’t know. We find it necessary that we (should) practice English every day. ★某些作表语的形容词，如sure, happy, glad, certain等之后可带宾语从句 I am glad that you can come and help me. 注意：① wish/would rather后的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气。

I wish I had finished my homework yesterday. I’d rather you had been there yesterday ② 在表示建议,命令, 请求的词后面的宾语从句当中用should + V, should可以省略 His pale face suggested that he was ill so I suggested that he should go to see the doctor. He insisted that he was innocent and insisted that he should be set free.

③ 注意it作形式宾语的结构

We all thought it a pity that we had missed the lesson. I took it for granted that they were not coming. ④ that一般不接介词宾语，偶尔可作except, in的宾语；其它介词后面需用it作形式宾语

He differs from his roommates in that he devoted his spare time to reading. He knows nothing about Jim except that he is from London. You can depend on it that he will help you in time of emergency.

⑤表示好恶的动词如like; hate; love;enjoy; dislike; appreciate等后面不能直接跟宾语；

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I like it when the weather is sunny. I hate it when someone is later for my class.

定义：充当表语功能的句子被叫做表语从句。 ★复习系动词的概念和类别！

The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time. 表语从句 注意：reason后面的表语从句只能用that,不能用why引导. ★The reason is that（because ×)… The reason why we didn’t trust him is that he has often lied. (该句型中why引导一个定语从句)

定义：同位语从句跟在名词后面，进一步说明该名词的具体内容. 这些名词主要是表示抽象概念的词如fact,

news, promise, idea, truth; possibility; statement; warning; advice等

★同位语的引导词有that; whether; why; who; where; how等；其中that和whether只起引导作用

其他连词具有实际意思，同时在同位语中作句子成分。

The news that China broken the world record in the Olympic Games has cheered all of us.

The question why so many people would choose to live in the countryside but to work in the city is still 同位语从句 under discussion. ( why 引导同位语从句解释说明中心语question的内容；且why在从句中作状语) 注意：① 只起引导作用时，连接词用that而不用which Where did you get the idea that she could not come.

② 同位语从句和定语从句的区别： 就看that在作引导的从句中是否做句子成分

The suggestion that he raised at the meeting is very important. （that 引导定语)

The suggestion that the students should have plenty of exercise is very good. (that引导同位语从句)

在名词性从句当中只能用wh~, 在引导让步状语从句两者可以互换.

⒈ No matter+wh~ He will believe whatever others say. (划线部分部分为名词性从句，不能互换)

名 wh~+ever区别 Whatever others say, he will believe it. (划线部分为状语从句，可以互换) Whoever walks around in such a heavy rain will catch a cold. (不可互换) 词 ★ 原则：能用if的情况，都能用whether表“是否…”

性 ① 在表语, 同位语，主语(置于句首时)从句时只用whether表“是否”

The question is whether the film is worth seeing. （表语从句）

从 I have no idea whether we should go to the party. （同位语从句）

Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn’t been decided yet. (主语从句 句首)

句 ▲ It hasn’t been decided yet if we shall attend the meeting.

⒉ Whether / if区别 It is doubtful whether / if he will come here. (主语从句，句末时可互换) ② 形容词；介词；discuss后的宾语从句中只用whether表“是否” It depends on whether you can do the work well. (介词宾语)

几个难点 The students are discussing whether they will go out for a picnic this Sunday. I am not sure whether he will come here or not. (形容词的宾语) ③ whether与to do； whether与or或 or not 的搭配 The question is whether to stay or leave.

Do you mind whether a man or woman does the job. Ⅰ：主语，表语，同位语从句中that不能省略

That they are good at English is known to all. （主语从句） The problem is that we don’t have enough money. （表语从句）

The fact that there are still many people suffering from poverty is really a great

problem to the Chinese government. (同位语从句)

Ⅱ：在宾语从句中that在以下几种情况中不能省略

⒊关于that的省略 ①做介词宾语时that不能省略

I know nothing about my neighbor except that he used to work abroad. ② 由it作形式宾语时，that引导的宾语从句中，that不可省略

We all consider it important that every student (should) be treated properly.

③ 句子含多个并列句时，引导第二和以后几个从句的that不可省略 Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried.

④ 宾语从句被隔开时，that不能省略

I never doubt, under any circumstance, that he will study hard. ⑤ 如果名词性从句中又含有从句，此时that不能省略

Keep in mind that if you want others to respect you, you must respect others first.

(that不能省略，后面的宾语从句中含有一个条件状语从句)

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1. His success was because of ________ he had been working hard.

A. that B. the fact which C.the fact that D.the fact 2.\A. from what city does she come from B. from what city she come C. what city does she come from D. what city she comes from

3.________ makes mistakes must correct them.

A. What B. That C. Whoever D. Whatever 4. The reason why I didn't go to Shanghai was ________ a new job.

A. because I got B. because of getting C. I got D. that I got 5. It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.

A. while B. that C. if D. for 6. Henry killed the dog. I'll ask him why ________.

A. did he do that B. he did that C. he did D. he has done so 7. Have you seen Henry lately My boss wants to know ________. A. how he is getting along B. how is he getting along C. what he is getting along D. what is he getting along

8. It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants.

A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 9. He asked me ________ with me.

A. what is the trouble B. what wrong was C. what was the matter D. what trouble it is 10. I am sure ________ he said is true.

A. that B. about that C. of that D. that what 11. When and why he came here ________ yet.

A. is not known B. are not known C. has not known D. have not bee 12.I wonder how much ________.

A. does the watch cost B. did the watch cost C. the watch costed D. the watch costs 13. Mary is ________ someone might recognize her.

A. afraid of B. afraid about C. afraid that D. afraid for

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14.________ is no reason for dismissing her. A. Because she was a few minutes late B. Owing to a few minutes late

C. The fact that she was a few minutes late D. Being a few minutes late

15. They came to the conclusion ________ by a computer. A. that not all things can be done B. because of not all things be done C. being not all things can be done D. because not all things can be done

16. Why the explosion occurred was ________ the laboratory attendant had been careless. A. for B. because C. since D. that 17. I don't doubt ________ he'll come.

A. that B. if C. what D. whether 18.\ \

A. which the room B. which room C. what was the room D. what room was it 19. Output is now six times ________ it was before liberation.

A. that B. which C. what D. of which 20. Mary: Helen is a mere washer woman, yet she's now buying a big house. Carol: Yes. Because she's always saved ________.

A. what little she earns B. how little she earns C. for little she earns D. with little she earns 21._______ surprised me most was ________ such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well. A. That...what B. What...that C. That...which D. What...which 22. We gave him ________ help we could.

A. which B. what C. that D. this 23. She is pleased with what you have given him and ________ you have told him. A. that B. which C. all what D. all that

24. Excuse me would you please tell me ________ A. when the sports meet is taken place B. when is the sports meet going to be held C. when is the sports meet to begin

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D. when the sports meet is to take place 25. Do you happen to know ________ A. what size shoes he wears B. how big shoes he wears C. what is the size of his shoes D. what number shoes are his

26. This book will show you ________ can be used in other contexts. A. how you have observed B. how what you have observed C. that you have observed D. how that you have observed 27. Where do you think ________

A. has he gone B. has he been C. he's gone D. was he 28. Do you know ________

A. how many populations there are in the world B. how much population there is in the world C. how many the population of the world is D. what the population of the world is 29. Would you go and see ________ outside

A. what to take place B. what Tom has happened C. what is happening D. what the matter had been 30. The subject of \A. What B. interesting C. What is interesting D. I 31.________ I think he is Charles. A. Who do you think he is B. Do you think who he is C. Whom do you think he is D. Do you think who he is

32. He didn't know which room ________.

A. they lived B. they lived in C. did they live D. did they live in 33. The little boy ate ________ his mother gave him.

A. that B. which C. whatever D. no matter what

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34. The city is no longer ________.

A. what it is B. that it used to be C. which it was D. what it used to be 35. My parents used ________ they had to get a new car for me.

A. which B. that C. what D. all what 36.________ we go swimming every day ________ us a lot of good.

A. If...do B. That...do C. If...does D. That...does 37.________ was the idea _______ the wife thought of

A. What...that B. That...what C. How...why D. Why...how 38._______ did he tell his wife ________ he wished to do

A. That...what B. What...that C. Where...which D. Which...where 39.One of the men held the view ________ the book said was right.

A. what that B. that what C. that which D. which that 40. I have no idea ________ or not he has finished the work.

A. if B. that C. whether D. which 41.\

A. what is his father B. who is his father C. what his father is D. who his father is 42. Is this ________ we met each other two years ago

A. place B. place in which C. where D. place which 43. It ________ Bob drives badly.

A. thinks that B. is thought what C. thought that D. is thought that 44.We all know the truth ________ there are air, water and sunlight there are living things. A. where B. wherever C. that D. that wherever 45. They discussed ________ they could settle the problem without others' help. A. if B. that C. what D. whether 46. She asked ________.

A. what I was doing when she rang me up B. what was I doing when she rang me up C. when she rang me up what I was doing D. when did she ring me up what I was doing 47. - May I borrow the ring - You can take _______ you like.

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A. no matter what B. which C. whichever D. that 48. He said that he was fond of ________.

A. what beautiful is B. what is beautiful C. beautiful is what D. what it is beautiful 49. He insisted that he ________ in good health and _______ to work there.

A. was, be sent B. is, is sent C. be, was sent D. be, send 50. Do you know ________ he expects will give us a talk

A. who B. whom C. that D. whose 51. It's uncertain ________ the experiment is worth doing.

A. if B. that C. whether D. how 52. They would have fixed the telephone yesterday _________ it was a holiday.

A. except B. except for C. except that D. but for 53.________ is to do good all one's life and never do anything bad. A. Whichever is hard B. No matter what is hard C. What is hard D. All what is hard 54.________ the boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry.

A. That B. What C. How D. Which 55. As the day was fine, I made the suggestion ________ for a walk in the park.

A.we go B.we will go C.should we go D.that we go 56.____ we can't get seems better than ____ we have.

A. What, what B. What, that C. That, that D. That, what 57.____ you don't like him is none of my business.

A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether 58. You can't imagine ____ when they received these nice Christmas presents. A. how they were excited B. how excited they were C. how excited were they D. they were how excited 59.____ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.

A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where 60________he really means is ________he disagrees with us.

A. What … that B. That … what C. Why … that D. If … what 61._________is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee.

A. That B. Why C. How D. Who 62._______we'll finish translating the book depends on the time.

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A. When B. Why C. What D. That 63._______the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrow's meeting. A. If B. Where C. That D. What 64._______he won't go there is clear to all of us.

A. How B. What C. Why D. This 65._______you come or not is up to you.

A. What B. If C. Why D. Whether 66._______makes mistakes must correct them.

A. Who B. Anyone C. Whoever D. Anybody 二、用词语正确形式填空。

1. The oil price _________________ (increase) a lot these years. 2. Don’t be _____________ (cruelty) to animals.

3. With the __________________ (increase) number of pupils, we have had to build two new rooms. 4. The _________________ (die) of the lovely cat made the couple very sad.

5. Susan’s grandmother is _____________(die) , she _______________ (die) on July, 8th. 6. The experience in the countryside ____________________ (influence) her whole life. 7. Though he tried his best to get the job, he ________________ (rufuse) by the boss. 8. –What were you doing when I called you last night? –I________________ (cook ) supper. 9. Don’t climb the tall tree. It is very ____________________ (dangerous). 10. ________________ (compare) with my sister’s new bike, mine is out fashion. 11. I think Jack plays basketball_______________ (good ) than Oscar.

12. –Let’s go to the movies this weekend. –It _________________(sound) like a good idea. 13. Eating more vegetables and fruits is good for out ______________ (healthy).

14. Peter practiced ______________ (hunt) from an early age, and now he is an excellent hunter. 15. Everyone likes to live in a _______________ (neat) room.

16. I _____________(pay) a high price for painting because my mother liked it very much. 17. I am _________________ (confuse) about what you said just now.

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18. Susan has _________________ (apply) for a job in Huawer Company in Shenzhen. 19. The police ________________ (search) the building for survivors.

20. I am regret that I didn’t follow your advice. Your advice _______________ (prove) to be right.

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