明挖隧道施工组织设计

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We will continue to improve the company's internal control system, and steady improvement in ability to manage and control, optimize business processes, to ensure smooth processes, responsibilities in place; to further strengthen internal controls, play a control post independent oversight role of evaluation complying with third-party responsibility; to actively make use of internal audit tools detect potential management, streamline, standardize related transactions, strengthening operations in accordance with law. Deepening the information management to ensure full communication \o constantly perfect ERP, and BFS++, and PI, and MIS, and SCM, information system based construction, full integration information system, achieved information resources shared; to expand Portal system application of breadth and depth, play information system on enterprise of Assistant role; to perfect daily run maintenance operation of records, promote problem reasons analysis and system handover; to strengthening BFS++, and ERP, and SCM, technology application oftraining, improve employees application information system of capacity and level. Humanistic care to ensure \To strengthening Humanities care, continues to foster company wind clear, and gas are, and heart Shun of culture atmosphere; strengthening love helped trapped, care difficult employees; carried out style activities, rich employees life; strengthening health and labour protection, organization career health medical, control career against; continues to implementation psychological warning prevention system, training employees health of character, and stable of mood and enterprising of attitude, created friendly fraternity of Humanities environment. o strengthen risk management, ensure that the business of \ngthened business plans management, will business business plans cover to all level, ensure the business can control in control; to close concern financial, and coal electric linkage, and energy-saving scheduling, national policy trends, strengthening track, active should; to implementation State-owned assets method, further specification business financial management; to perfect risk tube control system, achieved risk recognition, and measure, and assessment, and report, and control feedback of closed ring management, improve risk prevention capacity. To further standardize trading, and strive to achieve \ding to law, standardize and fair.\of performance management, to ensure that potential employees \strengthen performance management, process control, enhance employee evaluation and levels of effective communication to improve performance management. To further quantify and refine employee standards ... Work, full play party, and branch, and members in \erprise\of core role, and fighting fortress role and pioneer model role; to continues to strengthening \p construction, full play levels cadres in enterprise development in the

明挖隧道施工组织设计

2011年02月21日

system. We must strengthen safety management, establish and improve the education, supervision, and evaluation as one of the traffic safety management mechanism. o conscientiously sum up the Olympic security controls, promoting integrated management to a higher level, higher standards, a higher level of development. Employees, today is lunar calendar on December 24, the ox Bell is about to ring, at this time of year, we clearly feel the pulse of the XX power generation company to flourish, to more clearly hear XX power generation companies mature and symmetry breathing. Recalling past one another across a railing, we are enthusiastic and full of confidence. Future development ove the overall legal health, happy, happy

第一章明挖隧道施工

明挖段施工方法

本标段区间隧道明挖段起讫里程：右线CK13+250.0～CK13+435.0长185m、左线CK13+250.0～CK13+437.5长187.5m及车辆段出入段线，采用明挖法施工，断面形式为矩形钢筋砼框架结构。车辆段出入段线沿区间隧道左右线之间以3‰、34.35‰的坡度上坡，前行至左CK13+547.141处从区间隧道左线上方穿出地面，区间隧道左右线从CK13+250.0开始以3‰上坡，到CK13+290转为-25‰下坡至明暗分界里程后暗挖进洞。

7.1区间明挖段施工方法

该区间隧道明挖段基坑右侧靠近深南大道，为防止该侧地表沉降，基坑围护采用φ1200人工挖孔桩排桩，桩插入基坑底以下6.0m，桩顶设冠梁，桩身设腰梁及预应力锚索。桩顶冠梁顶面至地面1～3m按1：1坡度放坡开挖，土钉支护。基坑左侧及东西侧均采用1：1放坡开挖，土钉支护。

7.1.1围护结构施工 (一)人工挖孔桩施工

在人工挖孔桩施工前先将桩顶冠梁标高以上1～3m厚的土体按1：1

放坡开挖并作土钉支护，其施工工艺见“土钉墙支护”。φ1200人工挖孔桩密排布置，桩芯相切，护壁咬合，基坑右侧共设置156根，其排列布置如下图：

C20砼护壁厚0.15mC25桩芯砼φ1.21.2m1.2m1.2m1.2m1.2m

（1）孔桩的开挖及支护

标书制作系统

0.15m1.2m0.15mWe will continue to improve the company's internal control system, and steady improvement in ability to manage and control, optimize business processes, to ensure smooth processes, responsibilities in place; to further strengthen internal controls, play a control post independent oversight role of evaluation complying with third-party responsibility; to actively make use of internal audit tools detect potential management, streamline, standardize related transactions, strengthening operations in accordance with law. Deepening the information management to ensure full communication \o constantly perfect ERP, and BFS++, and PI, and MIS, and SCM, information system based construction, full integration information system, achieved information resources shared; to expand Portal system application of breadth and depth, play information system on enterprise of Assistant role; to perfect daily run maintenance operation of records, promote problem reasons analysis and system handover; to strengthening BFS++, and ERP, and SCM, technology application oftraining, improve employees application information system of capacity and level. Humanistic care to ensure \To strengthening Humanities care, continues to foster company wind clear, and gas are, and heart Shun of culture atmosphere; strengthening love helped trapped, care difficult employees; carried out style activities, rich employes life; strengthening health and labour protection, organization career health medical, control career against; continues to implementation psychological warning prevention system, training employees health of character, and stable of mood and enterprising of attitude, created friendly fraternity of Humanities environment. o strengthen risk management, ensure that the business of \ngthened business plans management, will business business plans cover to all level, ensure the business can control in control; to close concern financial, and coal electric linkage, and energy-saving scheduling, national policy trends, strengthening track, active should; to implementation State-owned assets method, further specification business financial management; to perfect risk tube control system, achieved risk recognition, and measure, and assessment, and report, and control feedback of closed ring management, improve risk prevention capacity. To further standardize trading, and strive to achieve \ding to law, standardize and fair.\of performance management, to ensure that potential employees \strengthen performance management, process control, enhance employee evaluation and levels of effective communication to improve performance management. To further quantify and refine employee standards ... Work, full play party, and branch, and members in \se\of core role, and fighting fortress role and pioneer model role; to continues to strengthening \p construction, full play levels cadres in enterprise development in the人工挖孔桩，采用间隔三孔跳挖方式进行，每开挖1.0m高度，立模灌注一次护壁砼，在砾质粘性土及砂质粘性土易塌壁地段，分段开挖高度控制在0.5～1.0m范围内，采用插板法开挖。孔内出土采用小型电动卷扬机提升吊桶出土，护壁模板采用外八字型钢模板，拆上节立下节循环周转使用。根据地质资料，挖孔桩未入岩，成孔由人工配合风镐、铁铲开挖。

（2）挖孔桩成孔的质量控制及允许偏差

① 开挖前准确定位放样，并从桩中心位置向四周埋设护桩。当第一节桩孔挖好并安装护壁模板时，必须用桩心点来校正模板位置，并在第一节砼护壁上设十字控制点，每节护壁模板的安装必须用桩心点校正其位置，检查护壁厚度。

② 挖孔桩施工允许偏差见下表：

项次 1 2 3 4 5 注：L为挖孔桩桩长

③桩孔开挖后应尽快灌注护壁砼，且必须当天一次性灌注完毕：灌注护壁砼时，采用插入式振捣器振捣，确保砼灌注密实。

④护壁模板的拆除，应根据气温等情况而定，一般在24h后进行。

⑤终孔时应清除护壁污泥、孔底的残碴、浮土、杂物和积水。检验合格后，应迅速封底、安装钢筋笼、灌注桩身砼。

（3）挖孔桩的安全措施

①为防止地面施工人员和物体坠落桩孔内，孔口护壁高出地面150mm，同时在孔口四周设置0.8m高的护栏进行围护。

②供人员上下井所使用的电葫芦、吊笼等应安全可靠并配有自动卡紧保险装置，不得用人工拉绳子运送工作人员或脚踩护壁凸缘上下桩孔。电葫芦宜用按钮式开关，使用前必须检验其安全起吊能力。孔内必须设置应急软爬梯，并随挖孔深度放长到工作面。 ③当桩孔开挖深度超过5m时，每日开工前应进行有毒气体的检测，并向孔内送风5min，使孔内混浊空气排出，才准下人。孔深超过10m时，地面应配备向孔内送风的专门设备，风量不宜小于25L/S。

④挖出的土石方应及时运走，孔口四周2m范围内不得堆放淤泥杂物，机动车辆的通行不得对井壁的安全造成影响。

⑤当桩孔挖至5m以下时，应在孔口设置半圆形的防护罩，防护罩可用钢木板或密眼钢筋（丝）网做成，在吊桶上下时，作业人员必须站在防护罩下面，停止挖土，注意

f backbone backbone role; to full strengthening members youth work, full play youth employees in company development in the of force role; to improve independent Commission against corruption work level, strengthening on enterprise business key link of effectiveness monitored. , And maintain stability. To further strengthen publicity and education, improve the overall legal system. We must strengthen safety management, establish and improve the education, supervision, and evaluation as one of the traffic safety management mechanism. o conscientiously sum up the Olympic security controls, promoting integrated management to a higher level, higher standards, a higher level of development. Employees, today is lunar calendar on December 24, the ox Bell is about to ring, at this time of year, we clearly feel the pulse of the XX power generation company to flourish, to more clearly hear XX power generation companies mature and symmetry breathing. Recalling pastone another across a railing, we are enthusiastic and full of confidence. Future development 项目顺桩排轴线方向桩位垂直桩排轴线方向桩位垂直度桩径有效桩长允许偏差（mm） ≤75 ≤50 0.5%L -0,+50 -0,+100

opportunities, we more exciting fight more spirited. Employees, let us together across 2013 full of challenges and opportunities, to create a green, low-cost operation, full of humane care of a world-class power generation company and work hard! The occasion of the Spring Festival, my sincere wish that you and the families of the staff in the new year, good health, happy, happy2

安全。

⑥开挖复杂的土层时，每挖深0.5～1m应用手持风钻或不小于φ16钢筋对孔底做品字形探查，检查孔底面以下是否有洞穴、涌砂等，确认安全后，方可继续进行挖掘；认真留意孔内一切动态，如发现流砂、涌水、护壁变形等不良预兆以及有异味气体时，应停止作业并迅速撤离。

⑦施工场内的一切电源、电器在安装后必须经验收合格才准接通电源使用。各桩孔用电必须分闸，严禁一闸多用。孔上电线、电缆必须架空，严禁拖地和埋压土中。孔内电缆、电线必须绝缘，并有防磨损、防潮、防断等保护措施，孔内作业照明应采用安全矿灯或12V以下安全灯。

（4）钢筋笼制作及吊装

① 钢筋笼制作允许偏差见下表：

钢筋笼制作允许偏差

项次 1 2 3 4 项目主筋间距箍筋间距钢筋笼直径钢筋笼长度允许偏差（mm） ±10 ±20 ±10 ±100 ②钢筋笼长度在20m之内，整笼一次加工成型。主筋采用对焊连接，箍筋与主筋点焊连接，相邻主筋接头相互错开，距离至少大于50cm，保证同截面的接头数目不多于主筋根数的50%。

③钢筋笼吊装采用一台30T汽车吊车和一台20T汽车吊车相互配合整体起吊安装。起吊时，两吊车同时起吊，先使钢筋笼离开地面一定距离，然后30T主吊机升高，辅吊机配合使钢筋笼底端不接触或冲撞地面，直至主吊机将整个钢筋笼垂直吊起，对准孔位，吊直扶稳，缓慢下放，就位后固定在设计标高位置。

（5）桩身砼灌注

①桩身使用商品砼，砼抗压强度等级按设计要求配制，砼要有良好的和易性，坍落度控制在5～8cm内。

②砼下料采用串筒或用砼溜管，不得在孔口抛铲或倒车卸入，砼连续分层浇筑，每层厚度不得超过1.0m，用插入式振捣器振捣密实。当机械或人工振捣困难时，采用大坍落度砼利用其下沉力使之密实，桩上部靠砼下沉力不能使之密实时，采用振捣器振捣密实。如果桩内渗水量大于1m3/h时，采用导管水下砼灌注法。

（6）桩顶冠梁施工

人工挖孔桩桩顶设计有桩顶冠梁相连，冠梁断面尺寸为1200mm×1000mm。待桩身砼达到设计强度后，开挖土体凿除护壁，对桩顶进行凿毛处理，绑扎桩顶冠梁钢筋，立模、浇筑冠梁砼。一次灌注长度不小于20米。

标书制作系统

We will continue to improve the company's internal control system, and steady improvement in ability to manage and control, optimize business processes, to ensure smooth processes, responsibilities in place; to further strengthen internal controls, play a control post independent oversight role of evaluation complying with third-party responsibility; to actively make use of internal audit tools detect potential management, streamline, standardize related transactions, strengthening operations in accordance with law. Deepening the information management to ensure full communication \o constantly perfect ERP, and BFS++, and PI, and MIS, and SCM, information system based construction, full integration information system, achieved information resources shared; to expand Portal system application of breadth and depth, play information system on enterprise of Assistant role; to perfect daily run maintenance operation of records, promote problem reasons analysis and system handover; to strengthening BFS++, and ERP, and SCM, technology application oftraining, improve employees application information system of capacity and level. Humanistic care to ensure \To strengthening Humanities care, continues to foster company wind clear, and gas are, and heart Shun of culture atmosphere; strengthening love helped trapped, care difficult employees; carried out style activities, rich employes life; strengthening health and labour protection, organization career health medical, control career against; continues to implementation psychological warning prevention system, training employees health of character, and stable of mood and enterprising of attitude, created friendly fraternity of Humanities environment. o strengthen risk management, ensure that the business of \ngthened business plans management, will business business plans cover to all level, ensure the business can control in control; to close concern financial, and coal electric linkage, and energy-saving scheduling, national policy trends, strengthening track, active should; to implementation State-owned assets method, further specification business financial management; to perfect risk tube control system, achieved risk recognition, and measure, and assessment, and report, and control feedback of closed ring management, improve risk prevention capacity. To further standardize trading, and strive to achieve \ding to law, standardize and fair.\of performance management, to ensure that potential employees \strengthen performance management, process control, enhance employee evaluation and levels of effective communication to improve performance management. To further quantify and refine employee standards ... Work, full play party, and branch, and members in \se\of core role, and fighting fortress role and pioneer model role; to continues to strengthening \p construction, full play levels cadres in enterprise development in the（二）预应力锚索施工

区间明挖段挖孔桩在开挖后悬臂长度较大，设计中采用预应力锚索、腰梁来保证其稳定。锚索间距2.4m，设两排锚索梅花型布设。锚索向下倾斜，与水平方向夹角15°。第一排锚固长度20m，第二排锚固长度15m，自由段长度5m。

1、预应力锚索施工工艺流程预应力锚索施工工艺流程如下图：

施工准备造孔穿索内锚段注浆腰梁施工张拉自由段注浆外锚头保护验收腰梁制作下料编索2、造孔

钻孔直径120mm，采用地质钻机钻进，为了保证钻孔精度，方便固定钻机，在开挖到锚索孔口时，即进行造孔作业。

钻孔所用的钻杆统一规格，按锚索设计长度将钻孔所需钻杆数好，放整齐，做到钻杆用完孔深恰好到位，钻孔实际深度比锚索设计长度一般深0.2m。孔位和角度严格测量，实际孔位和设计孔位误差控制在±10cm以内。钻孔方位角用罗盘仪控制。钻孔完成后逐根拔出钻具。再逐根装上φ25钢风管至孔底，并注入清水，用高压风清孔，直至吹出清水，以保证注浆时水泥砂浆与孔壁的粘结。对渗漏量较大的孔段，须进行灌浆处理后重新造孔。

3、编索

编索在工棚内进行。编束前先对钢绞线进行外观检查，检查合格的钢绞线才能使用。下料长度须预留张拉所需长度，钢绞线用砂轮切割机切割。编束时应严格按照设计图纸安装对中支架、固线塞、限浆环等并逐根编号。保证锚索的“平、直、顺”。成型锚索为3×7φ5，编束时内锚固段要预留注浆管位置，保证安装时注浆管能插入孔底。

4、锚索安装

安装前，应对洗净锚孔再用高压风清孔一次，并核对锚索编号与孔号是否一致。安装时注浆管一并随锚索到孔底，随后应向外拉出0.2m左右，确保注浆管畅通。 5、内锚段注浆

内锚段注浆是内锚型锚索施工的关键工序。采用水泥砂浆为胶结材料进行注浆。在砂浆中掺入微膨胀早强剂，用量占水泥用量的10%。水泥砂浆配比为0.4:1:1。采用定量注浆施工内锚段，当实际注入量稍大于计算注入量时即停止注浆。

6、腰梁制作及安装

腰梁采用[36a的槽钢和10mm钢板加工制成的型钢腰梁。

腰梁沿水平方向是连续的，安装时分段安装，为使锚索受力合理地传递给围护结构，腰梁在安装时要密贴挖孔桩。

7、锚索张拉与锁定

锚索张拉采用YCW150型千斤顶，预张拉采用YDC240Q型千斤顶，油泵采用ZB4-500型。

张拉前须对千斤顶和压力表进行配套标定，并绘制出油压---张拉力曲线。当内锚段水泥砂浆达到设计强度且腰梁安装完成后，即可进行张拉。张拉前将钢绞线、腰梁清理干净，再依次套入锚垫板、工作锚板、限位板，并使其与钻孔成一系列同心圆。为使钢绞线受力均匀，先用YDC240Q千斤顶对单根钢绞线按一定次序进行预张拉，预张拉力控制在20KN，预张拉完成后，再依次安装千斤顶，自动工具锚，对钢绞线张拉至设计吨位。

锚索张拉分8级加载，油压每上升5Mpa 为一级，每级加载后稳压时间不小于2min。最后一次加载完成后稳压时间不小于5min再锁定。达到每一级控制吨位时，均记录千斤顶活塞伸长值和油泵压力表读数。锚索张拉力用压力表读数控制，同时用测力计及钢绞线伸长量辅助控制，当钢绞线理论伸长量值与实际测量值误差超过规范要求时，应停止张拉并分析原因。

8、自由段回填灌浆

采用与内锚固段相同浆液，由安装至第一次注浆体顶面的注浆管注浆。注浆时边注浆边适当向上拔注浆管，从孔口的回浆管回浆。注浆时严格控制浆液浓度和注浆压力。

（三）土钉墙施工 1、土钉墙设计概况：

（1）区间明挖段基坑左侧采用1：1放坡（中间有一2m平台），与暗挖段衔接端处，箱形结构顶板上3m以上，采用1：1放坡，其下采用1：0.75放坡开挖，土钉支护。土钉支护范围的基坑深度为9.61m～12.418m。

（2）土钉孔眼直径φ100，间距1.2m梅花型布置，垂直坡面，土钉采用Ф22螺纹钢，长度为4.0m，沿土钉长度每隔1.5m设一定位器。

（3）注浆采用1：0.5水泥浆，强度20Mpa.

（4）钢筋网采用A3、φ6钢筋，间距为150×150mm。喷砼厚度100mm，强度等级C20。

标书制作系统

We will continue to improve the company's internal control system, and steady improvement in ability to manage and control, optimize business processes, to ensure smooth processes, responsibilities in place; to further strengthen internal controls, play a control post independent oversight role of evaluation complying with third-party responsibility; to actively make use of internal audit tools detect potential management, streamline, standardize related transactions, strengthening operations in accordance with law. Deepening the information management to ensure full communication \o constantly perfect ERP, and BFS++, and PI, and MIS, and SCM, information system based construction, full integration information system, achieved information resources shared; to expand Portal system application of breadth and depth, play information system on enterprise of Assistant role; to perfect daily run maintenance operation of records, promote problem reasons analysis and system handover; to strengthening BFS++, and ERP, and SCM, technology application oftraining, improve employees application information system of capacity and level. Humanistic care to ensure \To strengthening Humanities care, continues to foster company wind clear, and gas are, and heart Shun of culture atmosphere; strengthening love helped trapped, care difficult employees; carried out style activities, rich employes life; strengthening health and labour protection, organization career health medical, control career against; continues to implementation psychological warning prevention system, training employees health of character, and stable of mood and enterprising of attitude, created friendly fraternity of Humanities environment. o strengthen risk management, ensure that the business of \ngthened business plans management, will business business plans cover to all level, ensure the business can control in control; to close concern financial, and coal electric linkage, and energy-saving scheduling, national policy trends, strengthening track, active should; to implementation State-owned assets method, further specification business financial management; to perfect risk tube control system, achieved risk recognition, and measure, and assessment, and report, and control feedback of closed ring management, improve risk prevention capacity. To further standardize trading, and strive to achieve \ding to law, standardize and fair.\of performance management, to ensure that potential employees \strengthen performance management, process control, enhance employee evaluation and levels of effective communication to improve performance management. To further quantify and refine employee standards ... Work, full play party, and branch, and members in \se\of core role, and fighting fortress role and pioneer model role; to continues to strengthening \p construction, full play levels cadres in enterprise development in the2、土钉墙施工工艺（1）工艺流程图（2）施工程序说明

测量放线土方开挖（分层分段）人工修平边坡初喷砼厚度4cm布设土钉、泄水孔孔位钻孔并放土钉钢筋、泄水管制作土钉钢筋、泄水管压力注浆绑扎钢筋网焊加强固定钢筋及锚固头复喷砼厚度6cm养生，待凝1）、土方开挖土方按分层高度1.5m开挖。 2）、人工修平边坡

为保证坡面坡度、喷射砼厚度及喷射面平整度，施工中对坡面严格控制。机械清坡后，剩余30cm厚度由人工修整。人工修整时，每间隔5m先修出一标准样坡，然后再将修坡工作扩展到整个施工段。修坡时在坡面上挂线，以保证坡面的平整。

3）、初喷砼

土钉墙坡面修好后先喷4cm厚C20砼。

①采用42.5#普通硅酸盐水泥，干净的中砂，含水量宜为5-7%，下雨天防止淋湿。碎石粒径不大于15mm。

②喷射砼根据工期要求加早强剂及速凝剂。

③喷射前清理坡面浮土和杂物，喷射砼终凝后喷水养护。 ④喷射前在坡面上用短钢筋打上厚度标志，用以检验喷层厚度。

⑤用熟练喷射手，喷射手要严格控制喷嘴处加水量，喷射轨迹由低到高，螺旋上升，喷射回弹量不大于15%，喷射表面平整，无滑移和流淌现象。

⑥砼初喷工序可根据具体情况而定。当坡面干爽时可在编网前进行，当预报天气有雨时就必须在修坡后立即进行。

⑦喷射砼层的施工缝位置要与土钉加强筋错开，与土钉加强筋距离必须大于30cm。喷射砼质量保证措施：

a、在原材料选用方面，水泥必须有出厂合格证。砂的级配良好，碎石粒径符合要求。

b、喷射干料拌制时严格按配比执行，喷管头部的水阀开关根据喷料量计算调节。 c、砼试块试验结果保证满足强度要求。

d、喷射砼进行抗压强度试验的试块数量每500㎡取一组，每组试块不少于三个，试块采用现场喷射无底模砼试块法。

4)、布设土钉、泄水孔孔位

根据施工放线，用红油漆在土面上标定土钉、泄水孔的点位。 5）、制作土钉钢筋、泄水管

①土钉钢筋、泄水管提前加工制作，保证随时供应。 ②钢筋使用前要进行外观检查，除锈、除油后使用。

③土钉钢筋间隔1.5m焊定位器，保证土钉钢筋保护层厚度不少于25mm。 ④土钉钢筋接长采用双面帮条焊，焊缝饱满，长度满足设计要求。 ⑤泄水管采用硬质塑料管，管身打花孔，外包缠尼龙网布。 6）、钻孔并放土钉钢筋、泄水管

①土钉、泄水管均采用洛阳铲或锚杆钻机成孔。若出现塌孔现象，则用锚杆钻机带套管成孔。

②地下水位以下的土钉，钻孔后要及时插放土钉并注浆。

③土钉成孔中如遇地下管线、既有建筑物时，上下左右移位再打，布孔位置允许偏差±100mm，孔径允许偏差±5mm，孔深允许偏差±50mm，如确实打不过而致孔深不能满足设计要求时，向设计及监理如实及时反映。

④泄水孔成孔结束后，立刻放入塑料管，并用碎石填塞孔中缝隙。

⑤不论是土钉钢筋还是泄水管，在安放之前，都应将孔内残留及松动的废土清除干净。

⑥土钉、泄水管分批成孔后，把土钉钢筋、泄水塑料管放在孔口，一字摆开，由现场监理复核长度和孔深后，马上放入孔内，露头长10-15cm范围内。

7）、压力注浆

若成孔时发现孔内土壤含水量较大，则压力注浆应紧随上一工序进行。

① 注浆管应与土钉钢筋一起插入孔内，注浆管底部与土钉钢筋用胶布粘绑，距离

标书制作系统

We will continue to improve the company's internal control system, and steady improvement in ability to manage and control, optimize business processes, to ensure smooth processes, responsibilities in place; to further strengthen internal controls, play a control post independent oversight role of evaluation complying with third-party responsibility; to actively make use of internal audit tools detect potential management, streamline, standardize related transactions, strengthening operations in accordance with law. Deepening the information management to ensure full communication \o constantly perfect ERP, and BFS++, and PI, and MIS, and SCM, information system based construction, full integration information system, achieved information resources shared; to expand Portal system application of breadth and depth, play information system on enterprise of Assistant role; to perfect daily run maintenance operation of records, promote problem reasons analysis and system handover; to strengthening BFS++, and ERP, and SCM, technology application oftraining, improve employees application information system of capacity and level. Humanistic care to ensure \To strengthening Humanities care, continues to foster company wind clear, and gas are, and heart Shun of culture atmosphere; strengthening love helped trapped, care difficult employees; carried out style activities, rich employes life; strengthening health and labour protection, organization career health medical, control career against; continues to implementation psychological warning prevention system, training employees health of character, and stable of mood and enterprising of attitude, created friendly fraternity of Humanities environment. o strengthen risk management, ensure that the business of \ngthened business plans management, will business business plans cover to all level, ensure the business can control in control; to close concern financial, and coal electric linkage, and energy-saving scheduling, national policy trends, strengthening track, active should; to implementation State-owned assets method, further specification business financial management; to perfect risk tube control system, achieved risk recognition, and measure, and assessment, and report, and control feedback of closed ring management, improve risk prevention capacity. To further standardize trading, and strive to achieve \ding to law, standardize and fair.\of performance management, to ensure that potential employees \strengthen performance management, process control, enhance employee evaluation and levels of effective communication to improve performance management. To further quantify and refine employee standards ... Work, full play party, and branch, and members in \se\of core role, and fighting fortress role and pioneer model role; to continues to strengthening \p construction, full play levels cadres in enterprise development in the孔底250mm～5mm，在孔口位置设置止水塞及排气管。

② 采用简单适用的注浆袋法实现压力注浆，确保注浆压力达到设计要求，注浆时从孔底向外注浆，当注浆袋饱满密实后在同一压力下维持5分钟，然后抽出注浆管并迅速扎紧袋口。

③ 注浆泵压力表要定期进行检测，损坏的压力表不能使用，计量不准确的及时调换。

④ 浆液采用纯水泥浆或水泥砂浆，纯水泥浆的水灰比为0.4～0.45。水泥砂浆灰砂重量比重为1：0.5～1：1，为提高注浆早期强度，保证浆体与周围土体紧密结合，可掺加适量的加早强剂和微膨胀剂，掺量通过试验确定。

⑤ 水泥净浆要拌和均匀，随拌随用，一次拌和的浆液在初凝之前用完。 ⑥ 注浆之前将孔内的土屑、泥皮等清除干净，浆中严防石块、土块和杂物混入。 ⑦ 浆液初凝收缩后及时在孔口补浆。 8）、绑扎钢筋网及复喷砼

在第一层砼喷射、土钉安装完成后进行，施工方法如下： ① 钢筋使用之前调直并去锈污。

② 网片钢筋采用绑扎，搭接长度须满足设计要求。

③ 编网时坡面一律拉线，钢筋网水平方向错开搭接，钢筋网与坡面的间距不小于30mm以控制水平钢筋的间距和钢筋的平顺。

④ 复喷砼在绑扎完钢筋网后进行，一次喷射至设计厚度。喷射前要将初喷面清理干净。喷射工艺同初喷砼。

9）、其它工艺

① 坡顶处所挂钢筋网应折过坡顶2.0m，沿网边缘间距1.5m打入1.0m长，用φ25固定钢筋，以保证坡顶砼面层的整体稳定。

② 基坑土方开挖与支护要配合施工，开挖后立即进行土钉施工，工作面暴露时间不超过24小时。

10）、抗拔力试验讨论

按规范要求，土钉墙施工前作土钉抗拔力试验，根据试验数据调整土钉长度。

7.1.2降排水施工区间隧道明挖段将揭露砾质粘土层和部分砾砂层，其含水量较大，需进行降水。根据本段具体情况拟采用深井井点降低水位，并在基坑内外设置水位观察井，做到随时掌握水位变化情况，并在降水期间对坑外的地下管线及高大建筑施行监测保护。

1、深井井点系统设备

（1）井管：采用φ600mm钢管做成，井管下部过滤部分管壁上呈梅花形钻直径为12～18mm的孔，管壁外包两层滤网，内层为41孔/cm2镀锌铁丝，外层为10孔/㎝2镀锌铁丝。

（2）水泵：采用型号为QY-25型的潜水电泵。 2、深井布置及埋设

（1）深井布置

区间明挖段基坑基底长186.25m，基坑基底宽31～35.6m，开挖深度：9.61m～17.85m，拟在此明挖段布置两排深井井点，一排在基坑中线上，一排在基坑南侧边坡外侧，井点间距30m，共布设15个。

井深采用下式计算： H≥H1+△h+iL+l

式中：H---井点管埋置深度（m）

H1---井点埋设面与基坑底的距离（取13m）

△h---降水后地下水位至基坑底的安全距离（取 0.5m） i--- 降水曲线坡度（取0.1）

L---井点管中心至基坑侧边的距离（取18m） l---滤水管长度（取2m）

经计算：井管埋深为17.3m。钻孔深定为17.3m。（2）深井埋设及洗井

深井采用旋转钻机成孔泥浆护壁，成孔直径为800mm。

深井井管沉放前先进行清孔，清孔采用吊筒反复上下提升洗孔。井管安放必须垂直，井管与孔壁间用粒径3-15mm砾石填充作过滤层，井口下0.5m内用粘土填充夯实，并设井盖防护。安放水泵前，再进行一次清洗滤井，冲除沉渣，保持滤网畅通。潜水电泵用绳吊入滤水层部位，潜水电机、电缆及接头要有可靠的绝缘，并配置保护开关控制。

3、深井井点施工顺序

井位放样→做井口、安护筒→钻机就位、钻孔→回填井底→豆石垫层→吊放井管→回填管壁与孔壁间过滤层→安装水泵及控制电路→试抽→降水井正常工作

4、井点监测

沿基坑四周布设φ86mm的降水观测孔，利用电测水位仪、自测水位仪进行水位量测。其要求包括：

（1）降水开始前，所有抽水井、观测井统一联测静止水位。并统一编号、统一基准点。

（2）选择有典型代表性的一排观测孔，从降水开始，按抽水试验观测要求进行水位观测。

（3）根据水位变化情况与预测计算分析，及时发出问题，调整抽排水系统，并通过与基坑其它岩土工程监测资料进行对比分析，及时建议、确定应采取的防治措施。

5、排水设施

从深井中抽出的水，沿基坑四周排水沟汇集到沉淀池中，经沉淀后排入市政排水管道。开挖到基坑底后，基坑底四周设水沟和集水井，汇集边坡和基底的渗水，并用潜水泵抽到基坑四周的排水沟，经沉淀排入市政排水管道。

标书制作系统

We will continue to improve the company's internal control system, and steady improvement in ability to manage and control, optimize business processes, to ensure smooth processes, responsibilities in place; to further strengthen internal controls, play a control post independent oversight role of evaluation complying with third-party responsibility; to actively make use of internal audit tools detect potential management, streamline, standardize related transactions, strengthening operations in accordance with law. Deepening the information management to ensure full communication \o constantly perfect ERP, and BFS++, and PI, and MIS, and SCM, information system based construction, full integration information system, achieved information resources shared; to expand Portal system application of breadth and depth, play information system on enterprise of Assistant role; to perfect daily run maintenance operation of records, promote problem reasons analysis and system handover; to strengthening BFS++, and ERP, and SCM, technology application oftraining, improve employees application information system of capacity and level. Humanistic care to ensure \To strengthening Humanities care, continues to foster company wind clear, and gas are, and heart Shun of culture atmosphere; strengthening love helped trapped, care difficult employees; carried out style activities, rich employes life; strengthening health and labour protection, organization career health medical, control career against; continues to implementation psychological warning prevention system, training employees health of character, and stable of mood and enterprising of attitude, created friendly fraternity of Humanities environment. o strengthen risk management, ensure that the business of \ngthened business plans management, will business business plans cover to all level, ensure the business can control in control; to close concern financial, and coal electric linkage, and energy-saving scheduling, national policy trends, strengthening track, active should; to implementation State-owned assets method, further specification business financial management; to perfect risk tube control system, achieved risk recognition, and measure, and assessment, and report, and control feedback of closed ring management, improve risk prevention capacity. To further standardize trading, and strive to achieve \ding to law, standardize and fair.\of performance management, to ensure that potential employees \strengthen performance management, process control, enhance employee evaluation and levels of effective communication to improve performance management. To further quantify and refine employee standards ... Work, full play party, and branch, and members in \se\of core role, and fighting fortress role and pioneer model role; to continues to strengthening \p construction, full play levels cadres in enterprise development in the6、降水施工技术保证措施

（1）降水施工方案必须上报监理审批后方可实施，降水应指定专人负责抽水、观测，做好观测记录，及时反馈信息。

（2）井管施工过程应严格控制成井口径、井深、井管配制、砂石料填筑、洗井试抽五道工序质量。

（3）按降水监测要求做好监测记录，根据水位、水量变化情况及时采取调整措施。（4）井管使用时，应对称同时抽水，使水位差控制在要求限度内。

（5）井点供电系统应采用双线路，防止中途停电或发生其他故障，影响排水。 7、为防止降水对周围环境产生不良影响的施工措施

在工程降水过程中，应采取如下措施，防止对邻近周围环境的影响： (1)加强对周边地表及建筑物的沉降观测，以及时取得数据，保证安全施工。（2）一旦发生水位观测孔中的水位、水量变化异常，局部区域出现超降现象，则应马上采取措施，停止降水。必要时进行地下水回灌，回灌采用机械加压灌注法。

7.1.3土方开挖本标段区间隧道明挖段土方约8.5万方，土质自上而下为素填土，砂质粘性土、砾砂（靠近暗挖段有一尖灭带）及砾质粘性土，基坑开挖深度9.61～14.705m，采用分层开挖。

1、开挖准备工作

（1）按设计规定的技术标准，地质资料以及周围建筑物和地上、地下管线的详细资料，严格细致的作好深基坑施工组织设计（包括周围环境的监控措施）和施工操作规程，对开挖中可能遇到的漏水及边坡失稳现象制定相应的应急措施。

（2）准备好出土、运输和弃土机具，保证基坑开挖中连续有效的出土，加速开挖支撑的速度，减少地层的移动。

（3）将边坡支护及锚索安装的机械设备和材料备齐，以利于边开挖边支护，减少边坡的暴露时间，利于周围土体稳定，保证施工正常进行。

（4）对基坑、人工挖孔桩、周围环境及管线编制详细的监控方案，并预先作好监测点的布设，初始数据的测试及监测仪器的调试工作，使监测工作准备就绪。（5）基坑四周设排水沟，保证场地外地表水不流入基坑。基坑内设集水沟、深井井点，将地下渗水、从深井中抽出的水顺利排到场外沉淀池。

（6）开始深井井点降水，使水位降到开挖面以下。 2、土方开挖

开挖设备采用挖掘机配自卸式汽车。为了保证区间隧道从明暗挖分界处尽早进洞施工，将施工便道位置设在距明暗挖分界处30m的CK13+407位置。施工便道坡度18%，碎石路面宽6m，为配合分层开挖的需要，便道随挖土层高分三次逐渐降坡至基坑底。本明挖段施工通道以西的30m分四层进行开挖，施工通道以东分三层进行开挖。开挖分层布置见下图。

（1）先开挖第一层锚索标高以上部分。第一层以此标高由施工便道位置向东西两

侧开挖，开挖1.5m即修平边坡进行土钉支护。挖至本层底安装腰梁，施工预应力锚索。（2）第二层由基坑东西两侧向施工便道挖掘，深度达到第二排锚索标高处，由于施工便道以西土方少，速度相对较快，可在施工便道向西的10m范围内降坡至开挖面，保证此段有20m长的基坑进行框架结构施工。本层施工方法同第一层，并要施作第二排预应力锚索和腰梁。

（3）第三层，亦从东西两端向施工便道施工，便道以东段挖到基坑底，便道以西段下挖3m。本层将挖至出入段线的基底，施工时控制好标高，避免超挖，继续向下挖掘区间隧道基底时，采取措施减少对出入段线基底的扰动和超挖。

（4）施工便道以西的区间隧道埋深较大（约6m），故此段增加一开挖层，在第四层时才开挖到区间隧道基底。

（5）在便道位置将出入段线的基底挖至与区间隧道基底相同的高度，以利于右线土方和结构施工，并为右线暗挖段出碴运料提供便道。

3、开挖措施

（1）在基坑开挖施工时和完工后，均要在基坑四周施作排水沟和集水井，集水井每80m布设一个，以便及时将基坑积水排走。

（2）避免出入段线基底扰动的措施

CK13+350～CK13+435段区间隧道结构底与出入段线结构底标高相关较大，开挖右线区间隧道基底时，将破坏出入段线结构基础。为减少区间隧道结构施工对出入段线基底下土体的扰动，避免因回填不密实造成的出入段线结构不均匀沉降，保证出入段线结构的安全，建议在区间隧道右线左侧插打钢板桩，然后挖基施工。

钢板桩一次性投资较大，但可以拔出重复使用，故费用较省。

1）、支护设计：根据两结构的位置关系，在CK13+350～CK13+435插打钢板桩。钢板桩插打深度进入区间隧道结构底3m。上部比区间隧道结构顶面高出１m，故钢板桩长度由5.68m渐变到10.13m，拟采用拉森Ⅲ型钢板桩。

钢板桩悬壁长度在2.5m以内可不加横撑，悬壁长度大于2.5m时，要在区间隧道顶面以上架设横撑，撑于人工挖孔桩上，悬臂长小于4m时加一道横撑，大于4m加2道横撑，以确保钢板桩稳定。第二层支撑在完成结构底板施工后，边施工侧墙、顶板边拆除。 ①当基坑开挖到出入段线结构底标高时，由技术人员放出区间隧道结构边线，外放1.0m作为打入钢板桩的中心位置，把20吨吊车及450吨激振力的振锤放入基坑内的相应位置。

②钢板桩于打入前将桩尖处的凹槽底口封闭，避免泥土挤入，锁口处涂以黄油。检查是否有锁口变形、桩身弯曲的现象，如果有，要进行校正或更换。

③为了保证钢板桩垂直打入和打入后钢板桩墙面平直，在钢板桩的打入位置处安装围檩支架，其型式为双面双层桁架式。

第一层围檩的安装高度为工作面上0.5m，双面之间的净距为310mm（比两块钢板桩组合宽度大10mm），围檩支架用工字钢制作。

④钢板桩打入

先用吊车将第一根钢板桩吊至插桩点就位，随即套上桩帽，用振锤打入，在打入过程中，应在相互垂直的方向上用两台经纬仪加以控制，随时纠偏。

标书制作系统

We will continue to improve the company's internal control system, and steady improvement in ability to manage and control, optimize business processes, to ensure smooth processes, responsibilities in place; to further strengthen internal controls, play a control post independent oversight role of evaluation complying with third-party responsibility; to actively make use of internal audit tools detect potential management, streamline, standardize related transactions, strengthening operations in accordance with law. Deepening the information management to ensure full communication \o constantly perfect ERP, and BFS++, and PI, and MIS, and SCM, information system based construction, full integration information system, achieved information resources shared; to expand Portal system application of breadth and depth, play information system on enterprise of Assistant role; to perfect daily run maintenance operation of records, promote problem reasons analysis and system handover; to strengthening BFS++, and ERP, and SCM, technology application oftraining, improve employees application information system of capacity and level. Humanistic care to ensure \To strengthening Humanities care, continues to foster company wind clear, and gas are, and heart Shun of culture atmosphere; strengthening love helped trapped, care difficult employees; carried out style activities, rich employes life; strengthening health and labour protection, organization career health medical, control career against; continues to implementation psychological warning prevention system, training employees health of character, and stable of mood and enterprising of attitude, created friendly fraternity of Humanities environment. o strengthen risk management, ensure that the business of \ngthened business plans management, will business business plans cover to all level, ensure the business can control in control; to close concern financial, and coal electric linkage, and energy-saving scheduling, national policy trends, strengthening track, active should; to implementation State-owned assets method, further specification business financial management; to perfect risk tube control system, achieved risk recognition, and measure, and assessment, and report, and control feedback of closed ring management, improve risk prevention capacity. To further standardize trading, and strive to achieve \ding to law, standardize and fair.\of performance management, to ensure that potential employees \strengthen performance management, process control, enhance employee evaluation and levels of effective communication to improve performance management. To further quantify and refine employee standards ... Work, full play party, and branch, and members in \se\of core role, and fighting fortress role and pioneer model role; to continues to strengthening \p construction, full play levels cadres in enterprise development in the第一根桩打完后，分别在第一根桩两侧各打入三根钢板桩，位置和垂直度检查无误后，可在一侧依次打入其他的钢板桩。

在离合拢还有八块板桩时，停止插打，测出合扰段距离，然后边打边修正，以使钢板桩能顺利合扰。如果出现偏差，可采用异形钢板桩合扰。

钢板桩合拢以后，在侧墙以上部位的钢板桩上焊制牛腿，安放围檩，用φ275钢管做为支撑焊接在围檩处（无需施加预应力）。其钢管间距2.0m。

⑤支撑边开挖边架设。

⑥在右线结构及防水层保护层施工完成后回填土并夯实，才能拔出钢板桩，拔桩时注意减少对土体扰动。

2）、注意事项及技术要求

①钢板桩应放线施工，桩头就位必须正确、垂直，沉桩过程中，应随时检测，发现问题，及时处理。

②插打前应在锁口内涂以黄油、锯末等混合物，以防漏水。

③在插打钢板桩时，如起重设备高度不够，允许改变吊点位置，但该点位置不得低于桩顶以下1/3桩的长度。

④打入过程中必须随进检查，如发现问题及时处理。 ⑤加强监测确保钢板桩稳定。

7.1.4 结构施工区间明挖段结构形式为矩形框架结构，分单跨、双跨断面。其组合形式是从区间隧道和出入段线共用的双跨断面，过渡为各自的单跨断面，最终出入段线左右线又合并为双跨断面，从线路纵坡看出入段线和区间隧道也由同一标高过渡为不同标高，结构变化较为复杂。

（一）主体结构施工安排

根据结构相对位置，按以下原则安排施工： 1、出入段线与区间隧道在同一标高的同时施工。

2、区间隧道与出入段线不在同一标高的先施工标高较低的区间隧道，在防水层施工完成后回填夯实至出入段线标高后再进行出入段线结构施工。

3、出入段线由单跨结构合并为双跨结构的三角地带，先施作两结构中间防水层，再同时施作两单跨结构。

（二）主体结构施工分段

具体分段及施工顺序见区间明挖段结构分段施工示意图。（三）施工前的准备工作

1、基坑开挖到设计标高，仔细进行测量，放样及验收，严禁超挖。 2、掌握框架结构浇筑和支撑拆除的要求及操作程序，对侧墙、顶板

模型支撑系统进行设计、检算，报监理业主审批准后根据施工进度提前安排备料。

3、对内部结构施工顺序，施工进度安排，施工方法及技术要求向工班及全体管理

人员进行认真交底，做到人人心中有数。

4、垫层浇筑前，要针对基底情况进行基底处理，并施作接地网。（四）施工顺序及工艺流程主体结构按以下四个阶段顺序作业： 1、接地网垫层底板防水层。 2、底板。 3、侧墙、顶板。 4、侧墙、顶板防水层。结构施工顺序图如下：

80mm厚C15细石混凝土保护层2mm厚双组份聚氨酯涂料C30S8钢筋混凝土顶板Ⅳ侧墙顶板防水层Ⅲ:结构侧墙顶板2mm厚无焦油双组份聚氨酯涂料纺布无 m / g 0 5 3 C30S8钢筋混凝土侧墙240砖墙Ⅱ结构底板Ⅰ垫层、底板防水层双跨结构施工顺序图

（五）主要施工方法 1、基底检查及处理

（1）检查基底地质情况、土质与承载力是否与设计相符，如承载力不足可采用基

底换填等措施。

（2）基底超挖在30cm以内时，可用原状土回填压实，密实度不得低于原状土，或用与垫层与垫层同级砼回填，或用砾石、砂、碎石回填压实，压实机械采用蛙式打夯机。

2、接地网施工

明挖段基坑开挖后，按施工设计要求进行钻孔、挖沟、埋设铜管钢排及引出线，作好回填，并按要求安置盒罩保护引出线。完工后及时量测接地电阻、接触电位差及跨涉电位差，并按有关要求进行不合格时的处理。

区间暗挖段亦按上述内容施作接地网。

标书制作系统

We will continue to improve the company's internal control system, and steady improvement in ability to manage and control, optimize business processes, to ensure smooth processes, responsibilities in place; to further strengthen internal controls, play a control post independent oversight role of evaluation complying with third-party responsibility; to actively make use of internal audit tools detect potential management, streamline, standardize related transactions, strengthening operations in accordance with law. Deepening the information management to ensure full communication \o constantly perfect ERP, and BFS++, and PI, and MIS, and SCM, information system based construction, full integration information system, achieved information resources shared; to expand Portal system application of breadth and depth, play information system on enterprise of Assistant role; to perfect daily run maintenance operation of records, promote problem reasons analysis and system handover; to strengthening BFS++, and ERP, and SCM, technology application oftraining, improve employees application information system of capacity and level. Humanistic care to ensure \To strengthening Humanities care, continues to foster company wind clear, and gas are, and heart Shun of culture atmosphere; strengthening love helped trapped, care difficult employees; carried out style activities, rich employes life; strengthening health and labour protection, organization career health medical, control career against; continues to implementation psychological warning prevention system, training employees health of character, and stable of mood and enterprising of attitude, created friendly fraternity of Humanities environment. o strengthen risk management, ensure that the business of \ngthened business plans management, will business business plans cover to all level, ensure the business can control in control; to close concern financial, and coal electric linkage, and energy-saving scheduling, national policy trends, strengthening track, active should; to implementation State-owned assets method, further specification business financial management; to perfect risk tube control system, achieved risk recognition, and measure, and assessment, and report, and control feedback of closed ring management, improve risk prevention capacity. To further standardize trading, and strive to achieve \ding to law, standardize and fair.\of performance management, to ensure that potential employees \strengthen performance management, process control, enhance employee evaluation and levels of effective communication to improve performance management. To further quantify and refine employee standards ... Work, full play party, and branch, and members in \se\of core role, and fighting fortress role and pioneer model role; to continues to strengthening \p construction, full play levels cadres in enterprise development in the3、素砼垫层施工

（1）清除软土、泥浆及浮碴。

（2）素砼垫层采用分段施工，在主体结构施工节段长度两端加200mm。（3）当坑内有水时，采取如下措施： ① 在坑内做排水沟、集水井抽干水。

② 如坑底渗水较大，且有一定的动水压力时，应采取抽排水措施，并在减压的情况下铺基底垫层和浇筑封底砼。

③ 当底板砼强度达到70%以上后，方可停止抽水，采用特殊措施封闭集水井。 ④ 深基坑封底后，不应立即停止降水，应等整个结构施工完毕后方可停止降水，如需提前停止降水时，封底砼与围护结构间应有足够的强度和承受力来抵抗底板的上浮，以保证砼不致破坏。

4、防水层施工

防水层施工方法见“明挖结构防水层施工”一节。 5、底板施工（1）注意事项

① 垫层砼达到14天强度后，方可施工底板。 ② 车站底板施工时要特别加强对接地板的保护。 ③ 浇注砼必须做好标高控制桩，并保护好测量控制桩点。（2）底板钢筋工程 1）、钢筋加工制作

① 钢筋必须有质保书或试验报告单。

② 钢筋进场时分批抽样物理力学试验。使用中发生异常（如脆断、焊接性能不良或机械性能显著不正常时），要补充化学成份分析试验。 ③ 钢筋的类别和直径如需调换、替代时必须征得设计单位的同意，并得到监理工程师认可。

④ 钢筋加工的形状、尺寸必须符合设计要求。钢筋的表面保持洁净、无损伤、油渍、漆污和铁锈等在使用前清除干净。不使用带有颗粒状或片状老锈的钢筋。

⑤ 钢筋必须平直，无局部曲折遇有死弯时，将其切除。

⑥ 钢筋的弯钩或弯折按国标GB规定执行。弯曲成型在常温下进行，不用热弯，不用锤击，也不尖角拆弯。

2）、钢筋焊接

① 钢筋焊接使用焊条、焊剂的牌号、性能以及接头中使用的钢板和型钢均必须符合设计要求和有关规定。

② 进口钢筋焊接必须进行化学成份检验和焊接施工，经检验合格后方可使用。 ③ 焊接成型时，焊接处封锁水锈、油渍等。焊接后在焊接处无缺口、裂纹及较大的金

属焊瘤，用小锤敲击时，应发出与钢筋同样的清脆声。

④ 钢筋焊接的接头形式、焊接工艺和质量验收，按国家现行标准《钢筋焊接及验收规程》的有关规定。

⑤ 钢筋焊接前，必须根据施工条件进行试焊，合格后方可施焊。焊工必须有焊工考试合格证，并在规定的范围内进行焊接操作。

⑥ 轴心受拉和小偏心受拉杆件中的钢筋接头，均采用焊接。普通砼中直径大于22mm的钢筋和轻骨料砼中直径大于20mm的I级钢筋及直径大于25mm的Ⅱ、Ⅲ级钢筋的接头，均采用焊接。

对轴心受压和偏心受压柱中的受压钢筋的接头，当直径大于32mm时，采用焊接。 3）、钢筋绑扎与安装

① 所配置钢筋的级别、钢种、根数、直径等必须符合设计要求。

② 焊接成型后的网片或骨架必须稳定牢固，在安装及浇注砼时无松动或变形。 ③ 同一根钢筋上在30d、且小于500mm的范围内，只准有一个接头。

④ 绑扎或焊接接头与钢筋弯曲处相距不小于10倍主筋直径，也不在最大弯矩处。 ⑤ 当设计有防迷流要求时，严格按设计要求采用焊接贯通。

⑥ 钢筋与模板间设置足够数量与强度的垫块，确保钢筋的保护层达到设计要求。 ⑦ 在绑扎双层钢筋网时，设置足够强度的钢筋撑脚，以保证钢筋网的定位准确。 ⑧ 钢筋的绑扎符合规定：

a、钢筋的交叉点采用铁丝扎牢，至少不小于90%。 b、各受力钢筋的绑扎接头位置应相互错开。（3）底板砼施工 1）、浇注方案

明挖段结构砼均采用C30、S8防水商品砼，用砼运输车送至基坑边靠近工作面处，再用砼输送泵送至灌注工作面。每一工作面采用2-4台地泵或汽车泵输送砼。在工作面泵管端头采用耐高压橡胶管（4-6m）作活动端，便于人工摆动、调节。灌注过程中，采用插入式振捣器振捣。

砼浇注采用阶梯式分层浇筑法施工,即第一层从施工段端底层浇筑,进行到一定距离返回浇筑第二层,且第二层砼控制在第一层砼初凝前浇筑,如此依次向前浇筑各层。

2）、砼运输及输送

结构采用商品砼，搅拌车运输，输送泵车输送，并按下列规定执行：

①向商品砼厂家派驻内部监理员，监督检查各种原材料到货质量、计划情况、拌合情况，协助厂家试验人员抽样、测定坍落度，并与施工现场及时联络，互通情况，确定当日使用商品砼等级及特殊性能要求，记录砼输送车离开时间等。

②运送砼，避开车流高峰期在细致深入调查研究的基础上，定出省时、短距离的运送路线，并制定应急措施，确保砼卸出到浇注时间间隔不大于90min，若因特殊情况出现砼输送中断，则对已浇注的砼部分按施工缝处理，或按有关规定处理。

标书制作系统

We will continue to improve the company's internal control system, and steady improvement in ability to manage and control, optimize business processes, to ensure smooth processes, responsibilities in place; to further strengthen internal controls, play a control post independent oversight role of evaluation complying with third-party responsibility; to actively make use of internal audit tools detect potential management, streamline, standardize related transactions, strengthening operations in accordance with law. Deepening the information management to ensure full communication \o constantly perfect ERP, and BFS++, and PI, and MIS, and SCM, information system based construction, full integration information system, achieved information resources shared; to expand Portal system application of breadth and depth, play information system on enterprise of Assistant role; to perfect daily run maintenance operation of records, promote problem reasons analysis and system handover; to strengthening BFS++, and ERP, and SCM, technology application oftraining, improve employees application information system of capacity and level. Humanistic care to ensure \To strengthening Humanities care, continues to foster company wind clear, and gas are, and heart Shun of culture atmosphere; strengthening love helped trapped, care difficult employees; carried out style activities, rich employes life; strengthening health and labour protection, organization career health medical, control career against; continues to implementation psychological warning prevention system, training employees health of character, and stable of mood and enterprising of attitude, created friendly fraternity of Humanities environment. o strengthen risk management, ensure that the business of \ngthened business plans management, will business business plans cover to all level, ensure the business can control in control; to close concern financial, and coal electric linkage, and energy-saving scheduling, national policy trends, strengthening track, active should; to implementation State-owned assets method, further specification business financial management; to perfect risk tube control system, achieved risk recognition, and measure, and assessment, and report, and control feedback of closed ring management, improve risk prevention capacity. To further standardize trading, and strive to achieve \ding to law, standardize and fair.\of performance management, to ensure that potential employees \strengthen performance management, process control, enhance employee evaluation and levels of effective communication to improve performance management. To further quantify and refine employee standards ... Work, full play party, and branch, and members in \se\of core role, and fighting fortress role and pioneer model role; to continues to strengthening \p construction, full play levels cadres in enterprise development in the③商品砼选择根据甲方指定的搅拌站供应，但须确保质量后核对报码单，并在现场作坍落度核对，允许±1～2㎝误差，超过者立即通知搅拌站调整，严禁在现场任意加水，并按规定留足抗压、抗渗试件。

④从搅拌车卸出的砼不发生离析现象，否则需重新搅拌合格后方可卸料。 ⑤输送泵车保持良好状态。

⑥输送泵管路拐弯宜缓，接头严密，无硬弯。输送砼过程中，接长管路时分段进行，接好一段，泵出砼后方可接下一段。

⑦输送泵间歇时间预计超过45min或砼出现象离析现象时，立即冲洗管内残留砼。 ⑧输送砼过程，受料斗内保持足够砼。 3）、砼浇筑及振捣

① 结构均采用防水砼，其抗压强度、抗渗标号必须满足设计要求，并具有良好的抗裂性能。

② 在主体结构砼浇灌前必须做好以下几项工作：

a、编制砼的浇注方案：根据现场条件、结构部位、浇注量等，编制详细的浇注方案，方案中包括设备、机具、劳动力的组织、砼供应方式、现场质量检查方法、砼浇注流程、路线、工艺、砼的养护以及防止砼开裂的各项措施，并经监理审核、业主批准后才能实施。

b、模板、钢筋、预埋件、预留孔洞、端头止水带完成后必须首先经过我单位质保体系的三级检查并有书面记录，最后由监理工程师按隐蔽工程验收。经验收签证后才能进行砼浇注。

③ 砼浇注过程中应注意的事项：

a、砼灌注必须控制其自由倾落高度，如因超高而使砼发生离析现象进，采用串筒、溜槽或振动流管下落。

b、砼必须采用振捣器振捣，振捣时间为10～30S，并以砼开始泛浆和不冒气泡为准。 c、振捣器移距：插入式不大于作用半径一倍，插入下层砼的深度不小于5㎝，振捣时不得碰撞钢筋、模板、预埋件和止水带等；表面振捣器移距与已振捣砼搭接宽度不小于10㎝。

d、砼从底处向高处分层连续灌注。如必须间歇时，其间歇时间尽量缩短，并在前层砼凝结之前，将次层砼灌注完毕。

间歇的最大时间，按水泥品种及砼凝结条件确定，砼凝结时间不超过下表规定：

砼凝结时间表

砼标号 C20以下 C20以上气温低于25°C 210min 180min 气温高于25°C 180min 150min e、砼每层灌注厚度，当采用插入式振捣器时，不超过其作用部分长的1.25倍；表

面振捣器不超过200㎜。

f、结构预埋件（管）和预留孔洞、钢筋密集以及其它特殊部位，必须事先制定措施，施工中加强振捣，不得漏振。

④ 结构施工缝留置在受剪力最小处。

⑤ 施工缝处继续灌注砼时，按下列规定执行： a、按设计安置好膨胀止水条。

b、已灌注砼强度：水平施工缝处不低于1.2MPa,垂直施工缝处不低于2.5 MPa。 c、施工缝处砼必须认真振捣，新旧砼结合紧密。 ⑥ 砼灌注地点采取防止暴晒和雨淋措施。

⑦ 沿线路方向分层留台阶灌注，砼灌注至标高初凝前，用表面振捣器振一遍后再作压实、收浆、抹面。

⑧ 结构变形缝设置中埋式止水带时，砼灌注按下列规定执行： a、灌注前校正止水带位置，表面清理干净，止水带损坏处修补好。 b、板结构止水带的下侧砼振实，将止水带压紧在表面后，方可继续灌注砼。 c、边墙处止水带必须固定牢固，内外侧砼均匀、水平灌注，保持止水带位置正确、平直、无卷曲现象。

⑨ 砼灌注过程中随时观测模板、支架、钢筋、预埋件和预留孔洞等情况，发现问题，及时处理。

现浇砼和钢筋砼的偏差控制在下表所示要求的范围内：

现浇砼和钢筋砼允许偏差表

项次项目独立基础 1 轴线位移其它基础柱、墙、梁轨道中心线位移 1A 净空界限层高 2 标高底板 3 截面基础 +0 -10 +15 -10 尺量检查满足设计要求 ±10 用水准仪或尺量检查允许偏差（mm） 10 15 8 15 尺量检查检验方法标书制作系统

We will continue to improve the company's internal control system, and steady improvement in ability to manage and control, optimize business processes, to ensure smooth processes, responsibilities in place; to further strengthen internal controls, play a control post independent oversight role of evaluation complying with third-party responsibility; to actively make use of internal audit tools detect potential management, streamline, standardize related transactions, strengthening operations in accordance with law. Deepening the information management to ensure full communication \o constantly perfect ERP, and BFS++, and PI, and MIS, and SCM, information system based construction, full integration information system, achieved information resources shared; to expand Portal system application of breadth and depth, play information system on enterprise of Assistant role; to perfect daily run maintenance operation of records, promote problem reasons analysis and system handover; to strengthening BFS++, and ERP, and SCM, technology application oftraining, improve employees application information system of capacity and level. Humanistic care to ensure \To strengthening Humanities care, continues to foster company wind clear, and gas are, and heart Shun of culture atmosphere; strengthening love helped trapped, care difficult employees; carried out style activities, rich employes life; strengthening health and labour protection, organization career health medical, control career against; continues to implementation psychological warning prevention system, training employees health of character, and stable of mood and enterprising of attitude, created friendly fraternity of Humanities environment. o strengthen risk management, ensure that the business of \ngthened business plans management, will business business plans cover to all level, ensure the business can control in control; to close concern financial, and coal electric linkage, and energy-saving scheduling, national policy trends, strengthening track, active should; to implementation State-owned assets method, further specification business financial management; to perfect risk tube control system, achieved risk recognition, and measure, and assessment, and report, and control feedback of closed ring management, improve risk prevention capacity. To further standardize trading, and strive to achieve \ding to law, standardize and fair.\of performance management, to ensure that potential employees \strengthen performance management, process control, enhance employee evaluation and levels of effective communication to improve performance management. To further quantify and refine employee standards ... Work, full play party, and branch, and members in \se\of core role, and fighting fortress role and pioneer model role; to continues to strengthening \p construction, full play levels cadres in enterprise development in the尺寸梁、柱（墙）每层全高 ±5 5 H/1000且＜15 用2m的托线板检查用经纬仪或吊线和尺量检查用2m的靠尺和楔形塞尺检查 4 墙柱垂直度 5 6 7 8 9 表面平整度预埋钢板中心线位置偏移预埋管、预留孔中心线位置偏移预埋螺栓中心线位置偏移预留洞中心线位置偏移 6、侧墙、顶板施工

8 5 尺量检查 5 5 15 区间明挖段顶板采用钢管扣件式脚手架搭设满堂支架支模灌注砼。结构顶板采用组合钢模板，侧墙采用大块模板，结构的腋角采用特制钢模板。砼采用商品砼。

（1）模板工程

1）、模板支架体系的选择

框架结构净高5.13m，脚手架采用φ48×3.5钢管扣件式脚手架满堂支架系统。 2）、侧墙及顶板模板施工

侧墙需安设对拉螺栓，纵横向间距500mm梅花型布置，且用斜撑撑稳顶板用100×100方木，纵横向顶托模板。

施工方法：

①在底板上预埋φ25、45cm长钢筋（其中25cm锚入砼中），其间距为1000mm，分排设置，与侧墙边的距离分别为1.5m、2.5m、3.5m。

②按顺序先安装钢模板，然后安设10cm×10cm、4m长方条（方条间距为50cm），再装纵向[10槽钢（间距100cm），最后装φ48斜撑钢管。 ③根据受力分析计算顶板模板采用碗扣式脚手架搭设满堂红脚手架上面间距500×500安设100mm×100mm方木顶托模板。

脚手架竖向间距1000mm，横向间距850mm，利用侧墙斜撑、横撑加固。 3）、特殊部位模板支立

双跨框架向单跨框架过渡处的三角区，先施工区间隧道框架，然后在其外侧（靠近出入段线框架）施作防水层并砌砖墙保护层。砖墙保护层要砌成三角形，以240厚为准，砖墙之间填土，此砖墙同时作出入段线的防水层保护层兼外侧模板，出入段线在区间隧道顶面上部的侧墙支模仍按前面所述方法作斜撑，撑于区间隧道顶面上。

出入段线由单跨向双跨过渡处、三角区，亦先施作三角形砖墙保护层和防水层而后完成两侧单跨结构的结构施工。

4）、模板施工技术要求：

① 模板必须支撑牢固、稳定、无松动、跑模、超标准的变形下沉等现象。对超重、大体积砼施工时模板支撑刚度须进行施工设计计算。

② 模板拼缝平整严密，保证不漏浆，模内必须干净。模板安装后及时报验及浇砼。 ③ 模板安装前，必须经过正确放样，检查无误后才立模安装。

④ 顶板结构先立支架后铺设模板，并考虑预留沉降量。当跨度大于4m时，模板起拱，起拱高度为跨度的3‰以确保净空和限界要求。侧墙模板采用大模板，模板拼缝处内贴止水胶带或玻璃胶，防止漏浆。

⑤ 模板安装前使用脱模剂。

⑥ 模板、预埋件、预留孔允许偏差按下表要求施工。

模板安装、预埋件、预留孔允许偏差表

序号允许偏差（MM） 2 4 3 3 5 ±5 0、-5 0、-5 0、-5 0、-5 0、-5 1 梁侧向弯曲 4 梁 H/1000 标书制作系统

柱 0、-5 L/1500 每个构件沿构件全长拉线量取最大矢高 19

检查频率检验方法范围点数项目相邻两板表刨光模板 1 面高低差不刨光模板表面平整度刨光模板 2 不刨光模板模宽内尺寸 3 高柱梁板长柱柱梁用尺量每个构件 4 用2M直尺检验 1 用尺量 1 用尺量用尺量 1 We will continue to improve the company's internal control system, and steady improvement in ability to manage and control, optimize business processes, to ensure smooth processes, responsibilities in place; to further strengthen internal controls, play a control post independent oversight role of evaluation complying with third-party responsibility; to actively make use of internal audit tools detect potential management, streamline, standardize related transactions, strengthening operations in accordance with law. Deepening the information management to ensure full communication \o constantly perfect ERP, and BFS++, and PI, and MIS, and SCM, information system based construction, full integration information system, achieved information resources shared; to expand Portal system application of breadth and depth, play information system on enterprise of Assistant role; to perfect daily run maintenance operation of records, promote problem reasons analysis and system handover; to strengthening BFS++, and ERP, and SCM, technology application oftraining, improve employees application information system of capacity and level. Humanistic care to ensure \To strengthening Humanities care, continues to foster company wind clear, and gas are, and heart Shun of culture atmosphere; strengthening love helped trapped, care difficult employees; carried out style activities, rich employes life; strengthening health and labour protection, organization career health medical, control career against; continues to implementation psychological warning prevention system, training employees health of character, and stable of mood and enterprising of attitude, created friendly fraternity of Humanities environment. o strengthen risk management, ensure that the business of \ngthened business plans management, will business business plans cover to all level, ensure the business can control in control; to close concern financial, and coal electric linkage, and energy-saving scheduling, national policy trends, strengthening track, active should; to implementation State-owned assets method, further specification business financial management; to perfect risk tube control system, achieved risk recognition, and measure, and assessment, and report, and control feedback of closed ring management, improve risk prevention capacity. To further standardize trading, and strive to achieve \ding to law, standardize and fair.\of performance management, to ensure that potential employees \strengthen performance management, process control, enhance employee evaluation and levels of effective communication to improve performance management. To further quantify and refine employee standards ... Work, full play party, and branch, and members in \se\of core role, and fighting fortress role and pioneer model role; to continues to strengthening \p construction, full play levels cadres in enterprise development in the板预留孔洞位预应力钢筋孔道 5 置其它预钢板联位置埋结板等件平面高度 6 螺栓锚位置筋等外露长度 L/2000且≯10 （梁端）3 10 3 2 10 ±10 每个预埋件每个孔洞 1 用尺量 1 1 1 1 用尺量用尺量用水准仪测量用尺量 ⑦ 顶板模板在单跨结构砼强度达到设计强度75%，双跨结构砼强度达到100%时，方可拆模，拆模时不得用撬棒，重锤硬击，拆除后的模板必须进行清理并堆放整齐。

（2）侧墙、顶板钢筋施工

侧墙顶板钢筋一次绑扎，具体施工同底板。（3）侧墙、顶板砼施工

① 在砼浇注前，应检查脚手架，模板是否稳固平整，钢筋、预埋件是否符合技术要求。

② 砼浇注分层进行，一次浇注50～70cm。 ③ 侧墙砼浇注时要加强振捣。 ④ 具体施工同底板砼施工。

7.1.5合拢段施工施工便道在基坑内所占据的明挖段结构，即“区间明挖段结构分段施工示意图”中的第13、14、15施工段长17～18m，因运输需要，不能按正常的顺序施作。只能在此施工段的最后施工。

本段施工时同样先施工右线区间隧道，然后做区间隧道防水层，再施作出入段线结构，最后施作左线区间隧道，具体施工同其它部位。

7.2出入段线独立段明挖施工方法

从明暗分界处掘进的暗挖区间与1号风井向进口掘进的区间贯通并且在区间右线进洞段30m范围已完成二次衬砌的条件下，出入段线独立段进行施工。

本段施工顺序为：首先施作Z（Y）LCK0+232.036～Z（Y）LCK0+330段而后进行管线改移，最后施作与车辆段接口段。

本段施工场地广阔，周围地表无大的建筑物，结构埋深浅，与车辆段接口段有一号路上穿出入段线，附近管线较多。施工时需作交通疏解和管线拆迁。采用敞口放坡开挖，南侧边坡采用1：1放坡，北侧边坡坡面较高时，1：0.75放坡，土钉墙支护。具体布置见竹-侨-7.2-01图。

本段地表以下0～6m左右为砾砂层，砾砂层地下水丰富，为强含水透水层，施工

时分两期沿基坑周围地表注浆施作止水帷幕，再开挖土方，必要时打设钢插管，并注浆加固地层。

7.2.1围护结构施工（一）止水帷幕施工

在出入段线独立段南北两侧通长设两道止水帷幕，止水帷幕从地面到砾砂层下3m，止水帷幕宽度为2m，施作止水帷幕时，注意避开管线及附近已做好的区间隧道。

1、止水帷幕注浆的工艺设计（1）注浆材料的选择

注浆材料主要依据地质条件和注浆的目的来进行选择，根据以往的工程经验，本段止水帷幕主要选择以下浆材：

① 上部人工素填土、粘土层：选用超细水泥—水玻璃浆液（或改性水玻璃浆液）。 ② 中部、砾砂层：选用普通水泥—水玻璃浆液。

③ 底部砾质粘性土层、强风化花岗岩层：选用普通水泥—水玻璃浆液。另外，注浆所用的水泥宜采用普通硅酸盐水泥。（2）注浆参数

注浆参数主要包括：注浆压力、凝胶时间、扩散半径、水灰比、体积比和注浆速度等。

主要注浆参数如下表：

主要注浆参数一览表材料注浆参数注浆压力凝胶时间扩散半径水灰比（W：C）体积比（C：S）注浆速度水玻璃浓度（3）注浆孔布置 1.0～2.0Mpa30Sec～1min30Sec1.2m0.8～1.5:11：1～1：0.330～50L/min35Be′1.0～1.5Mpa30Sec～1min30Sec1.25m1.5～2.0：11：1～1：0.320～40L/min35Be′普通水泥--水玻璃超细水泥--水玻璃根据设计要求及注浆液在地层中的扩散能力，注浆孔均采用梅花型垂直布置，横向布置双排，纵向、横向间距均为1.5m。

2、止水帷幕注浆施工

标书制作系统

We will continue to improve the company's internal control system, and steady improvement in ability to manage and control, optimize business processes, to ensure smooth processes, responsibilities in place; to further strengthen internal controls, play a control post independent oversight role of evaluation complying with third-party responsibility; to actively make use of internal audit tools detect potential management, streamline, standardize related transactions, strengthening operations in accordance with law. Deepening the information management to ensure full communication \o constantly perfect ERP, and BFS++, and PI, and MIS, and SCM, information system based construction, full integration information system, achieved information resources shared; to expand Portal system application of breadth and depth, play information system on enterprise of Assistant role; to perfect daily run maintenance operation of records, promote problem reasons analysis and system handover; to strengthening BFS++, and ERP, and SCM, technology application oftraining, improve employees application information system of capacity and level. Humanistic care to ensure \To strengthening Humanities care, continues to foster company wind clear, and gas are, and heart Shun of culture atmosphere; strengthening love helped trapped, care difficult employees; carried out style activities, rich employes life; strengthening health and labour protection, organization career health medical, control career against; continues to implementation psychological warning prevention system, training employees health of character, and stable of mood and enterprising of attitude, created friendly fraternity of Humanities environment. o strengthen risk management, ensure that the business of \ngthened business plans management, will business business plans cover to all level, ensure the business can control in control; to close concern financial, and coal electric linkage, and energy-saving scheduling, national policy trends, strengthening track, active should; to implementation State-owned assets method, further specification business financial management; to perfect risk tube control system, achieved risk recognition, and measure, and assessment, and report, and control feedback of closed ring management, improve risk prevention capacity. To further standardize trading, and strive to achieve \ding to law, standardize and fair.\of performance management, to ensure that potential employees \strengthen performance management, process control, enhance employee evaluation and levels of effective communication to improve performance management. To further quantify and refine employee standards ... Work, full play party, and branch, and members in \se\of core role, and fighting fortress role and pioneer model role; to continues to strengthening \p construction, full play levels cadres in enterprise development in the（1）注浆施工工艺流程注浆施工工艺流程如下图所示：

钻孔安设注浆泵注水试验配制浆液注浆作业第一段注浆达到要求注第二段浆……所有注浆段达No到要求结束注浆补注No

（2）钻孔

① 利用K-100型地质钻机按设计要求钻孔，钻孔水平误差≤2cm，钻孔垂直度偏差≤±1°。

② 采用套管护壁水冲法成孔，不得采用泥浆护壁成孔。 ③ 钻孔（套管）内不得有杂物，以便有利于注浆管安设。

④ 在钻孔过程中详细做好钻孔记录，以利于注浆材料的选择及注浆管的确定。 ⑤ 完成钻孔，安设好注浆管后，将套管拨出。（3）安设注浆管

将注浆管沿套管内壁下到钻孔底部，然后拨出套管进行封孔作业。在孔底至地面以下3m段采用砂填充，在地表以下3m至孔口部位采用速凝水泥砂浆充填，以防止注浆时返浆。

（4）注浆

采用日本产HFV-5D型注浆进行注浆作业。

注浆方式采用后退式分段注浆，即在注浆带内由孔底土层分段进行注浆，每次注浆段长0.6～1.0m,注完此段后，再后退注另一段，直至全孔注浆完毕。注浆过程中每间隔5分钟应做好详细的注浆记录。

3、效果检查（1）取芯检查

在已注好的地段每间隔10～20m进行钻孔取芯检查，以岩芯的提取率和岩芯加固

效果的好坏占岩心长度的百分率作为评价注浆加固效果的指标。

（2）注水试验

对检查孔进行注水试验，一般注浆后地层的渗透系数应达到10-4cm/s，否则容易产生渗透性破坏，难以保证工程质量。

4、主要机械设备主要机械设备见下表：设备名称钻孔机械型号 K-100型地质钻机 HFV-5D注浆泵注浆机械 KBY-50/70型注浆机 QV-300/50型搅拌机 Dg-25-Pg16高压胶管输浆设备 T型混合器 5、施工便道处的止水帷幕处理

为确保止水效果，施工便道处也施作止水帷幕。便道分期降低时，随便道断面截除多余部分，以便行车。

（二）土钉墙施工

出入段线独立段结构埋深较浅，靠结构南侧采用1：1放坡土钉支护，靠结构北侧开挖深度较大处采用1：0.75放坡开挖，深度较浅处采用1：1放坡。

1、土钉墙支护参数

（1）结构南侧埋深较大处，采用Φ22砂浆锚杆，L=3500，间距1.5×1.5m梅花型布置，网片采用A3、φ6＠150×150喷射砼，标号C20砼厚度100mm。

（2）结构北侧埋深较大处，坡度1：0.75，采用Φ22砂浆锚杆，L=4000～4500，间距1.2×1.2m，梅花型布置A3、φ6钢筋网片＠150×150，喷射砼标号C20砼厚度100mm。（3）埋深较浅处，（靠近出入段线出入终点）采用Φ22砂浆锚杆，L=3000，间距1.5×1.5m，梅花型布置A3、φ6钢筋网片＠150×150，喷射砼标号C20砼厚度100mm。

2、施工工艺

与区间隧道明挖段施工的土钉墙支护相同，此处不再重复。 3、注意事项

此明挖段起始20m范围的右侧与暗挖区间隧道相距极近，土方开挖和土钉墙施工时，严格按技术交底资料精心操作，防止损坏主体结构。

标书制作系统

单位台台台台 M 个数量 5 1 4 3 150 6

We will continue to improve the company's internal control system, and steady improvement in ability to manage and control, optimize business processes, to ensure smooth processes, responsibilities in place; to further strengthen internal controls, play a control post independent oversight role of evaluation complying with third-party responsibility; to actively make use of internal audit tools detect potential management, streamline, standardize related transactions, strengthening operations in accordance with law. Deepening the information management to ensure full communication \o constantly perfect ERP, and BFS++, and PI, and MIS, and SCM, information system based construction, full integration information system, achieved information resources shared; to expand Portal system application of breadth and depth, play information system on enterprise of Assistant role; to perfect daily run maintenance operation of records, promote problem reasons analysis and system handover; to strengthening BFS++, and ERP, and SCM, technology application oftraining, improve employees application information system of capacity and level. Humanistic care to ensure \To strengthening Humanities care, continues to foster company wind clear, and gas are, and heart Shun of culture atmosphere; strengthening love helped trapped, care difficult employees; carried out style activities, rich employes life; strengthening health and labour protection, organization career health medical, control career against; continues to implementation psychological warning prevention system, training employees health of character, and stable of mood and enterprising of attitude, created friendly fraternity of Humanities environment. o strengthen risk management, ensure that the business of \ngthened business plans management, will business business plans cover to all level, ensure the business can control in control; to close concern financial, and coal electric linkage, and energy-saving scheduling, national policy trends, strengthening track, active should; to implementation State-owned assets method, further specification business financial management; to perfect risk tube control system, achieved risk recognition, and measure, and assessment, and report, and control feedback of closed ring management, improve risk prevention capacity. To further standardize trading, and strive to achieve \ding to law, standardize and fair.\of performance management, to ensure that potential employees \strengthen performance management, process control, enhance employee evaluation and levels of effective communication to improve performance management. To further quantify and refine employee standards ... Work, full play party, and branch, and members in \se\of core role, and fighting fortress role and pioneer model role; to continues to strengthening \p construction, full play levels cadres in enterprise development in the 7.2.2降排水施工出入段线独立段大部分穿过砾砂层，地下水丰富，为强含水、透水层。但基坑周围已地表注浆施作了止水帷幕。所以降水工作将主要是止水帷幕以内的地下水，故在基坑开挖中线位置设置一排深井井点降水，井点间距20m，本段共布置8个深井井点。

1、深井井点系统设备同区间明挖段降水。 2、井深：H≥H1+△h+iL+l

式中：H---井点管埋置深度（m）

H1---井点埋设面与基坑底的安全距离（取10m）

△h---降水后地下水位至基坑底的安全距离（取 0.5m） i--- 降水曲线坡度（取0.1）

L---井点管中心至基坑侧边的距离和井点管中心间距的较大值（取10m） l---滤水管长度（取2m）

经计算：井管埋深为13.5m。确定井深为13.5m。 3、深井埋设：同区间明挖段降水。

4、深井井点施工程序，同区间明挖段降水。 5、井点监测：同区间明挖段降水。 6、排水设施：同区间明挖段降水。

7、降水施工技术保证措施，同区间明挖段降水。

8、为防止降水对周围环境产生不良影响的施工措施，同区间明挖段降水。

7.2.3土方开挖出入段线独立段埋深较浅。土石方开挖全部采用敞口放坡开挖，土钉支护。施工

便道设在YLCK0+320位置，也根据分层开挖高度分二次逐步降坡至基坑底。

开挖机械、开挖方法同区间明挖段。分层开挖时先将结构北侧较高的错台挖除，然后分上下两层进行开挖，由于一号路交通疏解的需要本段将分二期进行施工，故开挖工作也将分二期进行。一、二、三层将在一期开挖完成，而四、五层在二期开挖完成。开挖北部错台（第一层）由施工便道向东西两侧开挖，第二层开挖从施工便道向东西两侧开挖，开挖深度3m，第三层由两端向施工便道开挖到基底，第四层从西向东，第五层从东向西开挖到底。开挖施工工艺同区间明挖段施工放坡开挖。施工时开挖边坡暴露1.5m即进行土钉墙支护，并在基坑中设排水沟排出积水。

7.2.4结构施工出入段线独立段为双跨框架结构，结构长度：左线159.467m，右线为159.999m。埋深较浅，基底大部分处到含水较大的砾砂层，故在结构垫层施工前将根据设计要求，对基底采用必要的加固措施。

结构分期分段施工，分两期十段进行施工，第一期施工1—6段，第二期施工7—10

段。

7.2.5施工中对暗挖隧道的保护本段内出入段线与区间右线结构相距很近，后施工的工序如施工不当，将危及已建成的结构，施工时采取以下措施：

1、加快区间隧道的施工，达到该出入段线施工前，靠进洞口长约30m的二次衬砌能完成。

2、在出入段线独立段施工中加强区间隧道的洞内监测，发现异常立即采取措施。 3、在出入段线独立段施工时，要加强成品保护意识，制定专项施工措施指导施工。 4、在出入段线独立段施工时，控制大型机械靠近区间右线隧道，用人工辅助完成刷坡、清底工作。

5、边坡支护插打土钉时，严格控制土钉打入深度和方向，避免损坏隧道结构。 6、作好基坑开挖时的防排水工作，严防地下、地表水渗漏至下方区间隧道范围。 7.3明挖结构防水层施工

明挖区间隧道防水标准为二级，不得有漏水，结构表面可有少量、偶见的湿渍。防水应遵循“以防为主、防排结合、刚柔相济、多道防线、因地制宜、综合治理”的原则，以砼自防水为主，柔性防水层为辅，对变形缝、施工缝等特殊部位进行多道防水处理。

（一）明挖结构外防水层施工方法、流程及技术措施

明挖结构外防水主要是在底板、侧墙、顶板外侧全包防水方案，形成一个封闭的防水层，以达到止水的目的。

标书制作系统

We will continue to improve the company's internal control system, and steady improvement in ability to manage and control, optimize business processes, to ensure smooth processes, responsibilities in place; to further strengthen internal controls, play a control post independent oversight role of evaluation complying with third-party responsibility; to actively make use of internal audit tools detect potential management, streamline, standardize related transactions, strengthening operations in accordance with law. Deepening the information management to ensure full communication \o constantly perfect ERP, and BFS++, and PI, and MIS, and SCM, information system based construction, full integration information system, achieved information resources shared; to expand Portal system application of breadth and depth, play information system on enterprise of Assistant role; to perfect daily run maintenance operation of records, promote problem reasons analysis and system handover; to strengthening BFS++, and ERP, and SCM, technology application oftraining, improve employees application information system of capacity and level. Humanistic care to ensure \To strengthening Humanities care, continues to foster company wind clear, and gas are, and heart Shun of culture atmosphere; strengthening love helped trapped, care difficult employees; carried out style activities, rich employes life; strengthening health and labour protection, organization career health medical, control career against; continues to implementation psychological warning prevention system, training employees health of character, and stable of mood and enterprising of attitude, created friendly fraternity of Humanities environment. o strengthen risk management, ensure that the business of \ngthened business plans management, will business business plans cover to all level, ensure the business can control in control; to close concern financial, and coal electric linkage, and energy-saving scheduling, national policy trends, strengthening track, active should; to implementation State-owned assets method, further specification business financial management; to perfect risk tube control system, achieved risk recognition, and measure, and assessment, and report, and control feedback of closed ring management, improve risk prevention capacity. To further standardize trading, and strive to achieve \ding to law, standardize and fair.\of performance management, to ensure that potential employees \strengthen performance management, process control, enhance employee evaluation and levels of effective communication to improve performance management. To further quantify and refine employee standards ... Work, full play party, and branch, and members in \se\of core role, and fighting fortress role and pioneer model role; to continues to strengthening \p construction, full play levels cadres in enterprise development in the防水层施工工艺流程程序如下：

材料检查准备工作工作台就位基面处理固定无纺布垫层固定防水板防水板搭接焊缝焊缝补强 NO 质量检查粘贴无纺布保护层移工作台结束进入下一道工序下一循环

1、底板下防水层施作

底板下的防水层有150mm厚C15砼垫层、PQ-200涂层、350g/m2、无纺布、1.5mm厚

ECB板、50mm厚C15细石砼保护层等五部分组成，关键是无纺布与防水板的铺设，在底板与侧墙连接处,纵向施工缝设有两道遇水膨胀橡胶止水条,分段环向施工缝处同样设两道遇水膨胀橡胶止水条。

① 底板与侧墙拐角处要用防水水泥砂浆把腋角抹圆顺，避免卷材打折。 ② 垫层一定要铺设平顺，不允许有凹凸不平处,避免在卷材铺设时有空腔出现。

③ 防水板搭接用热合机进行焊接,接缝为双焊缝,中间留出空腔以便充气检查。检查方法：用5号注射针与压力表相接，用打气筒再进行充气（脚踏式或手动式皆可），充气时检查孔会鼓起来，当压力表达0.1至0.15Mpa时,停止充气。保持该压力时间少于1分钟,说明有未焊好之处,用肥皂水涂在焊接缝上,产生气泡地方重新焊接.可用热风焊枪和电烙铁等补焊,直到不漏气为止。为切实保证质量，每天、每台热合机焊接应取一个试样，注明取样位置，焊接操作者及日期。

2、侧墙外防水层施工

在主体结构完成之后，在结构侧墙外侧涂2mm厚无焦油双组份聚氨酯涂料，再铺

一层350g/m无纺布，然后砌240砖墙作保护层。注意涂料防水层要与底板ECB板防水层有良好的搭接，以保证防水效果。

在由双跨框架向单跨框架过渡的三角区防水以及出入段线由单跨框架向双跨框架过渡的三角区防水，也采用1.5mm厚的ECB板350g/m2无纺布进行防水，具体施工见模板安装一节。

3、顶板外防水层施工

顶板外防水层包括2mm双组份聚氨脂涂料80mm厚，C15细石砼保护层部分。 4、阴阳角处防水层施作

先将阴阳角做成r=50mm的圆角，然后安设1.5mm厚的ECB板（或涂焦油双组份聚氨

脂涂料）再铺一层350g/m无纺布做保护层。

5、涂膜防水层施工（1）施工准备 1）、材料的保管与使用

① 按防水工程需要进料，并应妥善贮存保管。材料应贮存在阴凉干燥处，环境温度不得高于70℃，应有防火措施。

② 材料贮存期不超过一年。要根据每日需用量开罐使用，最好当天尽快用完。每次开罐倒料后应及时加盖封严。

③ 材料应有专门贮存地点，使之不受露水、雨淋、日晒的侵袭，并应远离火源。 ④ 夏、冬两季所用的固化剂应分开贮存，且不得相互混用。

⑤ 材料或配料若不能一次用完，应及时盖严密封做短期贮存，并注意尽快用完。 2）、施工机具的准备

施工机具应经常维修保养，使用前应进行检查，保证完好，否则应及时调拨补充备用。

3）、基层要求及处理

① 涂膜防水的基层应坚实，具有一定强度；清洁干净，表面无浮土、砂粒等污物。 ② 基层表面应平整、光滑、无松动，对于残留的砂浆块或凸起物应以铲刀削平，结构的露筋、外露铁丝、铁件必须用砂浆、砼覆盖或清除，不允许有凹凸不平及起砂现象。

③ 平面基层用1：3水泥砂浆抹成1%-2%的坡度；阴阳角处基层应抹成圆弧形；管道、地漏等细部基层抹平压光，注意管道应高出基层至少20mm，而排水口或地漏应低于防水基层。

④ 基层应干燥，含水率以小于9%为宜，可用高频水分测定计测定，也可用厚为1.5-2.0mm的1m2橡胶板材覆盖基层表面，放置2-3h，若覆盖的基层表面无水印，且紧贴基层的橡胶板一侧也无凝结水痕，则基层的含水率即不大于9%。

⑤ 对于不同种基层衔接部位、施工缝处，以及基层因变形可能开裂或已开裂的部

标书制作系统

We will continue to improve the company's internal control system, and steady improvement in ability to manage and control, optimize business processes, to ensure smooth processes, responsibilities in place; to further strengthen internal controls, play a control post independent oversight role of evaluation complying with third-party responsibility; to actively make use of internal audit tools detect potential management, streamline, standardize related transactions, strengthening operations in accordance with law. Deepening the information management to ensure full communication \o constantly perfect ERP, and BFS++, and PI, and MIS, and SCM, information system based construction, full integration information system, achieved information resources shared; to expand Portal system application of breadth and depth, play information system on enterprise of Assistant role; to perfect daily run maintenance operation of records, promote problem reasons analysis and system handover; to strengthening BFS++, and ERP, and SCM, technology application oftraining, improve employees application information system of capacity and level. Humanistic care to ensure \To strengthening Humanities care, continues to foster company wind clear, and gas are, and heart Shun of culture atmosphere; strengthening love helped trapped, care difficult employees; carried out style activities, rich employes life; strengthening health and labour protection, organization career health medical, control career against; continues to implementation psychological warning prevention system, training employees health of character, and stable of mood and enterprising of attitude, created friendly fraternity of Humanities environment. o strengthen risk management, ensure that the business of \ngthened business plans management, will business business plans cover to all level, ensure the business can control in control; to close concern financial, and coal electric linkage, and energy-saving scheduling, national policy trends, strengthening track, active should; to implementation State-owned assets method, further specification business financial management; to perfect risk tube control system, achieved risk recognition, and measure, and assessment, and report, and control feedback of closed ring management, improve risk prevention capacity. To further standardize trading, and strive to achieve \ding to law, standardize and fair.\of performance management, to ensure that potential employees \strengthen performance management, process control, enhance employee evaluation and levels of effective communication to improve performance management. To further quantify and refine employee standards ... Work, full play party, and branch, and members in \se\of core role, and fighting fortress role and pioneer model role; to continues to strengthening \p construction, full play levels cadres in enterprise development in the位，均应嵌补缝隙，铺贴绝缘胶条补强或用伸缩性很强的硫化橡胶条进行补强。

（2）、涂膜施工工艺 1）、涂刷底层涂料

① 配制：将聚氨酯甲组份料与底涂乙料按1：3～1：4（重量比）的比例，准确称量并混全搅拌均匀即成底层涂料。

② 涂抹：小面积施工可用油漆刷将配好的底层涂料细致均匀地涂刷在处理好的基层上。大面积施工应先用油漆刷沾底层涂料，将阴阳角、排水口、预埋件等细部均匀细致地涂抹一遍，再用长把滚刷在大面积基层上均匀地涂抹底层涂料。

要注意涂抹均匀、厚薄一致，且不得漏涂。一般涂布用量以每平方米0.15～0.20kg为宜。涂抹后应间隔24h以上（具体时间应根据施工温度测定），等底层涂料固化干燥后，方可施工下道工序。

2）、涂膜防水施工

① 配制聚氨酯涂膜防水材料，甲组份料：乙组份料=1：1.5（重量比）。按比例准确称量好甲料和乙料；先将甲料置入搅拌容器内，再随之加乙料，并立即开支电动搅拌器（转速为100～500r/min）搅拌3--5min，至充分拌合均匀即可使用。称量准确，甲乙料混合偏差控制在5%以内，不得任意改变配比、加大甲料或乙料用量。

若甲乙料混全搅拌后粘度大，不易涂抹施工，则可加入重量为搅拌液的10%的甲苯或二甲苯稀释拌匀。禁止使用一般涂料所用的稀释剂或酮类稀释剂。

② 涂膜防水构造及施工顺序：

施工顺序是：基层处理→涂刷底层涂料（即聚氨酯底胶）→涂刷第一道涂膜防水层（聚氨酯涂膜防水材料）→涂刷第二道（或面层）涂膜防水层（聚氨酯涂膜防水材料）→稀撒石碴→保护层施工。

涂刷顺序应先涂垂直面、后水平面；先阴阳角及细部、后大面。每层涂抹方向应相互垂直。

③ 在阴阳角、排水口、管道周围、预埋件及设备根部、施工缝或开裂处等需要增强防水层抗渗性的部位，应做增补涂刷。

④ 在前一层涂料固化干燥后，应先检查其上有无残留的气孔或气泡，如没有，即可涂刷施工；如有，则应用橡胶板刷将混合料用力压入气孔填实补平，然后再进行第一层涂膜施工。

涂刷第一道聚氨酯涂膜防水材料，用塑料或橡皮板刷均匀涂刮，做到厚薄一致，厚度为2mm（即2kg/m2）。平面或坡面施工后，在防水层未固化前不宜上人踩踏，涂抹施工过程中留出施工退路，分区分片用后退法涂刷施工。

施工温度低或混合料搅拌液流动度低的情况下，涂层表面留有板刷或抹子涂后的刷纹，要预先在混合搅拌液内适当加入二甲苯稀释，用板刷涂抹后，再用滚刷滚涂均匀，使涂膜表面光滑。

⑤ 涂刷第二道涂膜：第一道涂膜固化后，即可在其上均匀涂刮第二道涂膜，方法与第一道相同，但涂刮方向应与第一道的涂刮方向相垂直。涂布第二道涂膜与第一道相

间隔的时间根据第一道涂膜的固化程度（手感不粘）确定，一般不小于24h，亦不宜大于72h。

当24h后涂膜仍发粘，而又需涂刷下一道时，要先涂一些涂膜防水材料，保证可以上人操作，不影响施工质量。

⑥ 稀撒石碴：在第二道涂膜固化之前，在其表面稀撒粒径约2mm的石碴，涂膜固化后，这些石碴即牢固地粘结在涂膜表面，作用是增强涂膜与其保护的粘结能力。

⑦ 设置保护层：最后一道涂膜固化干燥后，即可设置保护层。（3）细部做法

① 角部做法：在基层涂布底层涂料之后，应先进行增强涂布，同时将玻璃纤维布铺贴好，然后再涂布第一道、第二道涂膜。

② 管道根部：将管道用砂纸打毛，并用溶剂洗除油污，管根周围基层应清洁干燥，在管根周围及基层涂刷底层涂料，底层涂料固化后做增强涂布，增强层固化后再涂布第一道涂膜；涂膜固化后沿管道周围密实铺贴十字交叉的玻璃纤维布做增强涂布，增强层固化后再涂布第二道涂膜。

③ 施工缝（或裂缝处理）：施工缝处往往变形较大，应着重处理，先以弹性嵌缝材料（勿用硅酮密封胶）填嵌裂隙，再涂刷底层涂料，固化后沿裂隙涂抹绝缘涂料（溶剂溶解的石蜡或石油沥青）或铺设1mm厚的非硫化橡胶条，然后做增强涂布（厚约2mm），增强层固化后再按规定顺序涂布第一道及第二道涂膜。

（4）质量问题及处理方法 1）、气孔、气泡

材料搅拌方式及搅拌时间掌握不好，或是基层未处理好，均可使涂膜产生气孔或气泡。气孔或气泡直接破坏涂膜防水层均匀的质地，形成渗漏水的薄弱部位。因此施工时应予注意：材料搅拌应选用功率大、转速不太高的电动搅拌器，搅拌容器宜选用圆桶，以利于强力搅拌均匀，且不会因转速太快而将空气卷入拌合材料中，搅拌时间以2～5min为宜；涂膜防水层的基层一定要清洁干净，不得有浮砂和灰尘，基层上孔隙应以基层涂料填补密实，然后施工第一道涂层。

每道涂层均不得出现气孔或气泡，特别是底部涂层若有气孔或气泡，不仅破坏本层的整体性，而且会在上层施工涂抹时因空气膨胀出现更大的气孔或气泡。因此对于出现的气泡或气孔，必须予以修补。对于气孔，应以橡胶板刷用力将混合材料压入气孔中填实，再进行增补涂抹；对于气泡，应将其穿破，除去浮膜，用处理气孔的方法填实，再做增补涂补。

2）、起鼓

基层质量不良，有起皮或开裂，影响粘结；基层不干燥，水分蒸发产生的压力使涂膜起鼓，在湿度大、且通风不良的环境施工，涂层表面易有冷凝水，冷凝水受热汽化可使上层涂膜起鼓。涂膜起鼓后就破坏了连续整体性，容易破损，必须及时修补。修补方法：先将起鼓部分全部割去露出基层，排出潮气，待基层干燥后，先涂底层涂料，再依防水层施工方法逐层涂抹，若加抹增强涂布则更佳。修补操作要注意，不要一次抹成，至少分两次抹成，否则容易产生鼓泡或气孔。

3）、翘边

涂膜防水层的端部或细部收头处出现同基层剥离翘边部分割去，将基层打毛、处

标书制作系统

We will continue to improve the company's internal control system, and steady improvement in ability to manage and control, optimize business processes, to ensure smooth processes, responsibilities in place; to further strengthen internal controls, play a control post independent oversight role of evaluation complying with third-party responsibility; to actively make use of internal audit tools detect potential management, streamline, standardize related transactions, strengthening operations in accordance with law. Deepening the information management to ensure full communication \o constantly perfect ERP, and BFS++, and PI, and MIS, and SCM, information system based construction, full integration information system, achieved information resources shared; to expand Portal system application of breadth and depth, play information system on enterprise of Assistant role; to perfect daily run maintenance operation of records, promote problem reasons analysis and system handover; to strengthening BFS++, and ERP, and SCM, technology application oftraining, improve employees application information system of capacity and level. Humanistic care to ensure \To strengthening Humanities care, continues to foster company wind clear, and gas are, and heart Shun of culture atmosphere; strengthening love helped trapped, care difficult employees; carried out style activities, rich employes life; strengthening health and labour protection, organization career health medical, control career against; continues to implementation psychological warning prevention system, training employees health of character, and stable of mood and enterprising of attitude, created friendly fraternity of Humanities environment. o strengthen risk management, ensure that the business of \ngthened business plans management, will business business plans cover to all level, ensure the business can control in control; to close concern financial, and coal electric linkage, and energy-saving scheduling, national policy trends, strengthening track, active should; to implementation State-owned assets method, further specification business financial management; to perfect risk tube control system, achieved risk recognition, and measure, and assessment, and report, and control feedback of closed ring management, improve risk prevention capacity. To further standardize trading, and strive to achieve \ding to law, standardize and fair.\of performance management, to ensure that potential employees \strengthen performance management, process control, enhance employee evaluation and levels of effective communication to improve performance management. To further quantify and refine employee standards ... Work, full play party, and branch, and members in \se\of core role, and fighting fortress role and pioneer model role; to continues to strengthening \p construction, full play levels cadres in enterprise development in the理干净，再根据基材质选择与其粘结力强的底层涂料涂刮基层，然后按增强和增补做法仔细涂刷，最后按顺序分层做好涂膜防水层。

4）、破损

涂膜防水层施工后、固化前，未注意保护，被其他工序施工时碰坏、划伤，或过早上人行走、放置工具，使防水层遭受磨损而变形损坏。

对于轻度损伤，可做增强涂刷、增补涂刷；对于破损严重者，应将破损部分割除（稍大一些），露出基层并清理干净，再按施工要求，顺序、分层补做防水层，并应加上增强、增补涂刷。

6、保护层的施工

柔性防水层施工完毕后，要采用一定的措施对防水膜进行保护，在底板及顶板，采用C15细石砼进行保护，在侧墙处，砌筑砖墙保护层。

（1）细石砼及砖墙保护层在施工中小心施工，不允许破坏已硬化的防水膜。（2）侧面及顶层回填材料严格符合设计要求，并小心摊铺、碾压，严禁夹杂大块石头或坚硬杂物。

（二）结构施工缝、变形缝防水施工及技术措施 1、顶板施工缝防水

顶板施工缝主要采用两道微膨型遇水膨胀橡胶止水条、外防水层及细石砼保护层防水。

2、侧墙、底板施工缝防水

侧墙的施工缝分纵向、横向施工缝，底板施工缝主要是横向施工缝，施工缝同样采用两道遇水膨胀止水条，止水条施工工艺同顶板。

3、施工缝的防水处理

明挖的施工缝较多，其防水影响较大，在留施工缝的地方，依设计按下列要求进行：

（1）施工缝的止水条，其材质、性能、规格符合设计要求。（2）止水条施工工艺

① 对于水平施工缝，先浇筑砼后根据止水条的规格在砼基面中间用木条压出一条平整、光滑槽。对于环向或竖向施工缝，采用在端头模板中间固定木条，砼浇筑后形成凹槽。

② 止水条安放前，先浇筑的砼基面必须充分凿毛，清洗干净，排除杂物。 ③ 水平施工缝在砼浇筑前，先在基面上敷设50mm与砼同标号水泥砂浆，环向或竖向施工缝控制砼入模点与基面有一定的距离，经均匀、充分振捣后使基面与新浇筑面砼有50mm水泥砂浆，新老砼结合良好。

④ 止水条应尽量安排在砼浇筑前2-3小时安装，止水条应粘贴在基面预留槽内，并且固定牢靠。

4、结构变形缝防水

区间隧道及出入段线隧道均要设置变形缝。

变形缝防水施工的关键是止水带的固定砼灌注，止水带定位安设见下图：

为了保护中埋式塑料止水带的固定和砼浇注密实，我单位采用如下技术保证措施： ① 在中埋式止水带选材上严把质量关。

② 从结构内伸出φ12拉筋来固定上下堵头木模板，再用上下堵头模板夹住止水带，达到固定作用。

③ 在加工制作钢筋时，把箍筋制作成“凹”形状，以便固定止水带。

④ 在浇注砼时，用特制φ33mm插入式振动棒，充分振捣砼，使之密实，达到良好的防水效果。

（三）主要技术保证措施

1、防水层施作完成后，应认真进行检查发现破损及时修补，绑扎及焊接钢筋时，应做好成膜保护。

2、侧墙上的施工缝应留在高出底板表面不小于300mm的墙体上。

3、顶板上采用防水钢筋砼，在浇注时应找平压光，当顶板不平顺应做砂浆找平层，并做横向泛坡。

4、侧墙为防水钢筋砼，应做砂浆找平层，钢筋外露应切除。

5、顶板与侧墙转角处的涂膜应增设一布三涂的防水膜，增加长度，顶板与边墙为1m。

6、底板上的附加防水层应由底板向侧墙上延铺铺至与底板相交施工缝以上不小于60cm的位置。

7、当有转角时用砂浆做成圆弧，其半径不小于5cm。 7.4回填施工

本标段共需8.8万方回填土，将在基坑开挖及区间隧道掘进时，把可利用的碎石土、砂土，存放到业主指定的临时存碴场，于回填时二次倒用。

（一）回填范围

结构侧墙砖砌保护层外侧和顶板保护层外侧，回填不少于0.5m厚的粘土层。其它部位采用素土、爆破石碴回填。

（二）回填料准备

本标段明挖段回填料共有三种：侧墙边及顶板上不少于0.5m厚的粘土层、素土层及爆破石碴。

明挖段的砾质粘性土，取样试验后，若能满足设计要求或简单处理过后能满足设计要求，即存放在业主指定的临时堆土场，留作回填之用。不合格者弃于南山市政后海弃土场内。

粘土及素土回填前，分别取样测定其最大干容重和最佳含水量，做压实试验，以确定填料含水量控制范围，铺土厚度、压实密度等参数。爆破石碴利用时，要进行粒径挑选后堆存。

（三）回填工艺

标书制作系统

We will continue to improve the company's internal control system, and steady improvement in ability to manage and control, optimize business processes, to ensure smooth processes, responsibilities in place; to further strengthen internal controls, play a control post independent oversight role of evaluation complying with third-party responsibility; to actively make use of internal audit tools detect potential management, streamline, standardize related transactions, strengthening operations in accordance with law. Deepening the information management to ensure full communication \o constantly perfect ERP, and BFS++, and PI, and MIS, and SCM, information system based construction, full integration information system, achieved information resources shared; to expand Portal system application of breadth and depth, play information system on enterprise of Assistant role; to perfect daily run maintenance operation of records, promote problem reasons analysis and system handover; to strengthening BFS++, and ERP, and SCM, technology application oftraining, improve employees application information system of capacity and level. Humanistic care to ensure \To strengthening Humanities care, continues to foster company wind clear, and gas are, and heart Shun of culture atmosphere; strengthening love helped trapped, care difficult employees; carried out style activities, rich employes life; strengthening health and labour protection, organization career health medical, control career against; continues to implementation psychological warning prevention system, training employees health of character, and stable of mood and enterprising of attitude, created friendly fraternity of Humanities environment. o strengthen risk management, ensure that the business of \ngthened business plans management, will business business plans cover to all level, ensure the business can control in control; to close concern financial, and coal electric linkage, and energy-saving scheduling, national policy trends, strengthening track, active should; to implementation State-owned assets method, further specification business financial management; to perfect risk tube control system, achieved risk recognition, and measure, and assessment, and report, and control feedback of closed ring management, improve risk prevention capacity. To further standardize trading, and strive to achieve \ding to law, standardize and fair.\of performance management, to ensure that potential employees \strengthen performance management, process control, enhance employee evaluation and levels of effective communication to improve performance management. To further quantify and refine employee standards ... Work, full play party, and branch, and members in \se\of core role, and fighting fortress role and pioneer model role; to continues to strengthening \p construction, full play levels cadres in enterprise development in the1、根据试验数据，确定分层厚度回填按分层摊平夯实，并在顶板保护层强度达到设计要求后开始。

2、侧墙顶板范围0.5m以内采用粘土回填，采用人工使用小型机具夯填，夯与夯之间重叠不小于1/3夯底宽度。其他范围采用机械压碾，按薄填慢行，先轻后重，反复压碾，搭接宽度20cm。

3、分段夯填接茬处，已填土坡应挖台阶，台阶宽度不小于1m，高度不大于0.5m。回填标高不一致时，应从低处向高处逐层填压。

4、每层按设计要求取样进行密实度试验。 5、回填时防止机械或机具碰撞防水保护层。

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