江苏省常州市武进区2017届高三第一学期期中考试英语试卷（教师版）

2017届武进区高三英语期中试卷

常州市武进区2017届高三英语期中试卷

一、单项选择

21. The joy of fiction lies in its ability to transport us into new realities ______ anything is

possible. A. how B. what C. where D. that

22. There’s no chance that we can change the history. ______, it is important that we learn

lessons to face the future. A. Meanwhile B. Nevertheless C. Otherwise D. Therefore

23. “Orange” smog alert, announced according to the ______ of the air pollution, indicates the

second-highest warning level. A. deposit存钱 B. gravity C. framework机制框架 D. certificate证明 24. The local government is ______ the development of a healthy economy and the conservation of the environment at the same time. A. appealing to有吸引力 B. making up占比例、编造、化妆 C. pushing for迫切要求、努力争取 D. turning over翻转、移交 25. Failure has brought me benefits, teaching me things about myself that I ______ no other way. A. could have learned B. needn’t have learned C. should have learned D. wouldn’t have leaned 26. ______ overseas, as the professor puts it, means a valuable chance for soldiers to practice the skills. A. Being stationed B. Stationed C. Stationing D. Having been stationed 27. — You appear to have lost some weight. — Just imagine the weeks of fear I ______ at the

thought of the coming interview. A. will suffer B. have been suffering C. suffered D. was suffering 28. When he had saved ______ he considered enough money, he started on his journey to Africa. A. that B. how C. which D. what 29. He ______ with his conscience a minute or two and told her the truth. A. corresponded通信一致 B. compromised妥协 C. wrestled解决、斗争 D. substituted A for B替换

30. Once a country with over 942 million ______ in poverty, China has now reduced this to 55

million.独立主格结构 A. lived B. living C. was living D. had lived 31. The Qing Tombs are influenced by the Ming Tombs, especially ______ architecture. A. in terms of B. in spite of C. in favor of D. in honor of 32. The artificial intelligence (AI) and the possible dangers (that) ______ may cause to

human race have raised wide concern. A. which B. what C. that D. it 33. — Have you told Mary about it? — No. She ______ on the phone, so I didn’t disturb her. A. was speaking B. is speaking C. has spoken D. had spoken 34. Interesting ______ some books are ______, they leave readers with little to think about.

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2017届武进区高三英语期中试卷 A. though, to be read B. as, to read C. although, read D. while, reading 35. — Will you send your son for extra lessons after the school day? —______, unless he wants

to. A. No doubt B. You bet/ Certainly C. Don’t mention it D. Definitely not 二、完形填空

Para 1-2: The topic of the passage

Para 3: Comparison between satisficers and maximizers Pra 4: The reasons for the Paradox of choice Para 5-7: Solution to the problem Para 8: Conclusion

Over a decade ago, psychologist Barry Schwartz published a book, The Paradox of Choice (选择的悖论): Why More Is Less. Schwartz argues that the modern world’s large variety of options makes us less happy. “Choice __36__ ,” as he calls it, makes us __37__ our decisions, and set our expectations too high.

Recently, Schwartz has been interviewed about how his advice __38__ 10 years later. The rise of social media, he argues, has only __39__ the pain of decision-making through phenomena like fear of missing out (错过获利或取乐的机会). 36. A. overuse B. underline C. overload D. undersize 37. A. reach B. accept C. confirm D. question 38. A. holds up变强不减弱 B. comes out出版为人所知 C. makes out弄清楚 D. turns up出现 39. A. controlled B. relieved C. heightened D. caused

If you ever aren’t sure if you bought the very best computer, just __40__ “good enough.” People who do this are called “satisficers,” and they’re __41__ happier than are “maximizers,” people who feel that they __42__ choose the very best possible option. Maximizers earn more but they’re also less satisfied with their jobs. As a result, they’re more likely to be __43__ in general.

40. A. make fo朝走去促进 B. settle for 满足于 C. answer for 为负责 D. account for 41. A. consistently始终地 B. originally C. strangely D. randomly 42. A. can B. will C. may D. must 43. A. violent B. depressed C. dynamic有活力的 D. ambitious

The reason why this happens is that as life circumstances improve, expectations __44__. People begin __45__ their experiences to friends who are doing better, or to past experiences they’ve had that were __46__. As long as expectations keep pace with __47__, people may live better, but they won’t feel better about how they live.

Schwartz’ solution is just to settle for (满足于) something that’s acceptable —__48__ you know there’s likely something better out there. 44. A. fall B. pause C. come D. rise 45. A. submitting B. comparing C. sharing D. contributing 46. A. worse B. wider C. better D. richer 47. A. recognitions辨认 B. extensions延伸拓展 C. dimensions方面 D. realizations 48. A. even if B. if only C. in case D. so that

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2017届武进区高三英语期中试卷

Whenever you need a new laptop, call up one of your __49__ friends and say, “What laptop did you buy?” And you buy that laptop. It’s probably not the perfect laptop but __50__ a good enough one for you.

Schwartz said people can generalize (推广、概括) this concept by arbitrarily (武断地、随意地) __51__ the number of choices they’ll consider — five colleges, not 25 — and “__52__ that all you need is a good enough X, not the best X.” It’s __53__ information to keep in mind right after, say (比如说), the launch of a dizzying (令人眼花缭乱的) series of shiny, new consumer tech products. 49. A. satisficer B. special C. maximizer D. familiar 50. A. necessarily B. specially C. absolutely D. typically 51. A. checking B. limiting C. increasing D. assessing 52. A. intend B. expect C. explain D. decide 53. A. helpful B. precise C. latest D. further

It can be hard, in our culture, to force yourself to settle for “good enough.” But when it __54__ happiness and satisfaction, “good enough” isn’t just good — it’s __55__. 54. A. refers to B. objects to C. comes to D. agrees to 55. A. perfect B. misleading C. fashionable D. sacred 三、阅读理解

A

“Cat got your tongue?”

Someone may have said this to you the last time you were speechless. The popular phrase from the 1800s refers to a violent whip (鞭子) with nine stinging threads called a “cat-o’-nine-tails” that was used in maritime punishments. A visit from this cat would likely leave a sailor speechless.

“Let the cat out of the bag.”

No, this is not what your mom yelled after you cleaned your room. This expression means to disclose something that has been kept secret. Its origin can be traced to a trick from the 1800s, when folks went to market supposedly carrying a baby pig for sale in a bag. Instead, the bag contained a cat, and if the trick was discovered, the “cat was out of the bag.”

“More than one way to skin a cat.”

There are always several ways to solve any problem, according to this English proverb from the 1670s. However, catfish are popular in southern American culture, and there are several ways to remove the tough skin before cooking.

“Dead cat on the line.”

The origin of this expression, meaning that there’s something wrong or suspicious, again has to do with catfish. Fishing lines with multiple hooks were hanging in the water, and the lines were checked every day. If a fisherman checked his friend’s line and there was a dead catfish on it, it meant that something was wrong because the line had not been checked. (Maybe his friend was just sick of eating catfish!)

“To bell the cat.”

In one of Aesop’s fables, a family of mice comes up with the idea of putting a bell around

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2017届武进区高三英语期中试卷

the neck of the threatening house cat. They all thought it was a good idea, but who would actually put the bell around the cat’s neck? The job fell to the mouse that proposed the idea. The moral? It is easy to propose impossible solution, but be careful — you might be the one asked to commit. 56. Which of the following best fits the blank in the sentence “All agreed to ask the employee for

a pay rise, but _____.” ? A. nobody let the cat out of the bag B. there was more than one way to skin a cat C. nobody offered to bell the cat D. there was a dead cat on the line 57. The purpose of the passage is to _____. A. explain the association between idioms and cultures B. inform readers of some curious cat idioms and origins C. entertain readers with interesting stories behind idioms D. stress the importance of studying English idioms

B

Para 1: The topic of the passage

Para 2: The reasons for colonizing Mars

Para 3-5: The introduction to the Interplanetary Transport System Para 6: How people get back to the earth Para 7-8: The problems to be solved

1 SpaceX CEO Elon Musk has finally revealed his grand plan for humans to colonize Mars. 2 But why go to Mars? “There are two fundamental paths: we stay on Earth forever and life on Earth is at an ever-increasing risk of being wiped out (清除). Or we become a multi-planet species,” explained Musk.

3 In September, SpaceX showed off its new Raptor engines that will be used on the company’s Mars Colonial Transporter. The Raptor engines, powered by liquid methane (甲烷) and liquid oxygen rather than the kerosene (柴油) used in the current Merlin engines on the Falcon 9 rockets, are “several times” more powerful to transport satellites and spacecraft into orbit.

4 A rocket using 42 Raptor engines will propel (推进) a spaceship into orbit. The whole system is called the Interplanetary Transport System (ITS). The booster (助推器) will then separate from the ITS, at which point it will land back on Earth to be reused. The spaceship, meanwhile, will remain in Earth’s orbit.

5 Using the same booster, a second fuel tanker will be launched to meet the orbiting ITS. After fueling up (加燃料) completely, the ITS will depart on its journey to Mars. With the aid of solar sails (太阳帆), the spaceship will arrive on Mars in 80 to 150 days, hopefully cut down to 30 days eventually.

6 But how will people come back? Musk hopes the first colonizers of Mars will be able to begin producing fuel to get back to Earth. Mars is rich with resources that would make it possible to create methane-based fuel. Leaving Earth without enough fuel to return is a necessity, as it would require five times the payload to get the ITS off the ground.

7 Although Musk’s plans for Mars colonization are theoretically possible, it remains to be seen if the plan will actually work in practice. One of the biggest challenges is convincing the public that it’s worth the risk to go to Mars.

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2017届武进区高三英语期中试卷

8 As Musk said, space travel is extremely dangerous. There are many unknowns, like how radiation will affect passengers aboard the ITS and how much training humans will need to be able to withstand the forces of takeoff and landing. 58. Elon Musk thinks it necessary to colonize Mars because _____. Para 2 A. Earth can no longer sustain (养活) masses of people B. it is a good chance to be a multi-planet species C. human race has no future if it doesn’t go to space D. mankind can achieve its ambition of space travel 59. Which of the following is Not the technological features of ITS? A. the reusability of the booster B. a second fueling up in solar orbit Para 4 C. probability of making propellant (推进燃料) fuel on Mars D. methane-based fuel instead of kerosene 60. The passage is mainly about _____. Para 1 A. Elon Musk’s plan to colonize Mars B. how humans will get to Mars C. the possibility of Mars immigration D. what dangers space travel may have C

1 Now famine has ended in much of the world, but it still threatens parts of Africa. According to the UN’s Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), some 2 billion of the world’s 7.3 billion people do not have enough to eat. Moreover, by 2050, the total population is expected to grow to almost 10 billion and 70% more food will be needed than what was produced in 2009. That is a tall order (离谱的要求、难办的事情). But it is not impossible.

2 Since the time of Thomas Malthus, an economist writing a little over 200 years ago, people have worried that population growth would exceed (胜过) food supply. So far, it has not. But neo-Malthusians (新马尔萨斯主义者) spot worrying signs. One is that in some places the productivity of staples (主食) such as rice and wheat has reached a plateau (停滞期). Neither new strains (品种) nor fancy chemicals are raising output. 3 Nor is there much unfarmed land left that is suitable to be ploughed. A source of food Malthus did not foresee was the opening up of the American prairies(大草原), helping the food supply greatly. But such new lands are pretty much used up. Also, because of global rising temperatures, some places will become unfarmable — particularly poor, tropical (热带) regions. 4 But these concerns can be overcome by two things: the application and spread of technology, and the operation of sensible government policies. 5 Agricultural technology is changing fast. Techniques developed in the West that can create crops with special properties are being adopted to make tropical crops both more productive and more nutritious. Such smart techniques, with new techniques of genetic modification, should break through the output plateaus. It can also produce crops with properties (性能、特点) such as drought- and heat-resistance that will reduce the effects of global warming.

6 Technology is of little use, though, if it is not adopted. In the developing world that applies as much to existing farming techniques as it does to the latest advances in genetic modification. It would get humans quite a long way towards a 70% increase in output. So would things like better roads, to allow for the carriage of surpluses (盈余) to markets. This would encourage productivity 第 5 页 共 18 页

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