英语六级词汇

英语六级高频必备词汇1

1. able后面可以接to do, in, for但是不能接of

to enable sb to do(sth);使...能做 to disable sb from doing sth使...不能做

2. be absorbed in?全神贯注于...She is completely absorbed in her book . 她在专心致志地看书.

3. be abundant/rich in sth...丰富，富于...; an abundance of大量的，丰富的，其后可以接可数或不可数名词，但是总体是当一个可数单数形式使用;The tree yields an aBundance of fruit. 这树结果甚多.in abundance丰富，充裕:But today the delectable seafood is no longer available in abundance. 但是今天这种可口的海味已不 再大量存在.

4. make the acquaintance of sb= make sb’s acquaintance主要表示结识，做一个短暂的动词

I made his acquaintance two years ago.

Acquaint有两个例句

I have acquainted myself with their customs.

I have been acquainted with their customs.

5. be active in work工作积极

Activity意思是活跃;所以activity in trade商业活跃;其复数activities才表示种种活动campus activities校园活动

By/through agency of经...介绍，通过...之手;place/put sth on the agenda把某事提到日程上来

Agitation for/against:

agitation against the big department stores 煽动反对大百货公司

women leading the agitation for equal rights 为争取男女平等而带头辩论的妇女们.

6、 add既是及物动词，也是不及物动词，在表示添加，加的时候add?to?把...加到...上是及物动词

在表示增添increase的时候是一个不及物动词add to; The bad weather added to our difficulties.

In addition=as well; in addition to=as well as, besides此外，除此之外

7. advance growth促进增长;

have an advantage over胜过，优于:A man who can think will always have an advantage over others. 能动脑子的人总是会胜过别人.

Take advantage of因利乘便，趁...zhiji机，利用---a person who is gullible and easy to take advantage of . 易受骗并且容易利用的人.

8. adventure是一个名词，主要指一些使人心振奋，寻求刺激性的冒险;venture是动词也是名词，主要指生命危险或经济风险;the business venture

Nothing venture, nothing gain不入虎穴，焉得虎子

9. take(give) one’s advice接受(给与)忠告或建议，advice是不可数名词

advise和advisable后面的that从句都要使用should的虚拟语气

I advise that he (should) leave now.

It is advisable that he (should) leave now.

10. make allowance (s) for=allow for考虑到，顾及，体谅，原谅

You should make allowance for his youth= You should allow for his youth.

11. alternately轮流地; alternatively，另一方面，要不然

It may have been because of the weather, or alternatively it may have been the result of indigestion.

Be alien to---与...不相容，与性质不同---Cruelty was quite alien to his nature/to him. 残忍的行为与他的本性[与他]格格不入.

12. be angry with sb---生某人的气; be angry at/about sth---因某事生气;be angry生气(状态); get angry发怒(动作)

anger既是动词也是名词，in anger---He hit the boy in anger.他生气而揍了这小子.

13. judge by appearance从外表上判断

14. answer for对...负有责任---You must answer for her safty.

Swear的过去式，过去分词是swore，sworn，其在做宣誓，发誓的时候使用swear to...

He swore to keep the secret.

Swear在做诅咒，咒骂的时候，使用 swear at...

She swore at the boy.

2

1. at the approach of?随着...的临近

2. argue with sb about/on sth与...争论;argue that?主张;argue/reason/talk sb into(out of) doin sth

We would like to argu that this is not the case. 我们试图论证情况并非如此.

e3. be alarmed at心慌--- She was rather alarmed at the proposal. 她听到这个建议，有点心慌.

Alarm是向...报警，所以---dial 110 to alarm the fire brigade

4. range in age from 21 to 70年龄从21岁到70岁不等

a (wide) range of:各种各样的;to ranger over论及，涉及--- His tudies range over several languages. 他的研究涉及数种语言.

sPeople of all ranks社会各阶层人士; rank among属于...之列--- Fire losses in the United Sates rank among the highest in the world. 美国火灾损失之大居于世界

最前列. Rank...as把...看做- Where do you rank Wordsworth as a poet? 你将华兹华斯列为哪一等诗人? --

5. make an attack on?攻击--- and Joshua and all Israel with him went on to make an attack on Debir; 约书亚和以色列众人回到底璧，攻打这城，

have an attack of(?病)发作--- He's getting on in years and his health isn't all that good; it would be strange if 'he didn't have an attack of cerebral haemorrhage.\ 依他那样的身体，又上了年纪，若不患脑充血，那就当真是怪事一桩??

Be attached to附属于，依恋于--- No blame is attached to his behavior. 他的行为无可指责. She is deeply attached to her young brother. 她深爱她的小弟弟.

Detach?from?--- A boy would slowly detach himself from the gang. 一个孩子就慢慢地从这个帮伙中退出去.

6. attendance和audience在谈及多少的时候用 large或small

attendant作为形容词意思是伴随的，随之而来的，the attendant difficulties随之而来的困难

attend to one’s business专心于事业，办些事情(就我查的例句来看，并不表示专心于事业，而只是办些事情)--- Mr Fogg had sixteen hours in which to attend to his

business there, which was to deposit Aouda safely with her wealthy relative. 福克先生还可以有十六小时来办一些自己的事情，也就是说替艾娥达夫人找那位亲戚.

7. authority的复数authorities才表示当局，官方---the authorities concerned有关当局

an authority on---在...方面的权威---He is an authority on English.

Authority over---对...人的凌驾---Chinese parents have more authority over their children.

8. avenge为...报仇.报...之仇He avenged his father’s nurder.

Revenge既是名词也是动词

We will avenge/revenge ourselves on the enemy.

We will take our revenge on the enemy.

9. avoid/escape + doing; be void/devoid of common sense缺乏常识;void既是名词也是形容词一是是空的，无效的;devoid是一个形容词意思是空无的，缺乏的只 能做表语

10. To bar sb from doing = prevent sb from doing

11. base主要做具体的基础，basis主要做抽象的基础，其复数是bases

the base of a building建筑物的基础

the economic basis经济基础

basic principle基本原则

12. have a bearing on=have connection with与...有关--- Attention should be centred on the links that have a bearing on the situation as a whole. 应该注意那些涉及 全局的重要关节

13. combat是一个及物动词，battle是名词也是动词，但是是一个不及物动词;所以A combat B=A battle with B

debate既是名词也是动词;hold a debate on举行一次对...问题的辩论

14. accuse指控，指责---accuse sb of doing sth; blame sb for doing sth; blame sth on/onto sb

excuse sb for原谅某人(做某事); ecuse sb from使某人免除，允许某人不(做某事)

3

1. on end---接连地---three days on end; means and ends目的与手段---Do you think that the end justifies the means?

2. behavior和conduct都是不可数名词

3. hinder有两个意思，如果是做阻止则用介词from，如果表示妨碍，则使用介词in

to hinder him from going---阻止他前往;to hinder him in his work---妨碍他工作

4. circumstance的复数才表示境遇，经济情况;get to know the circumstance了解情况

under the circumstances在此情况下，既然如此;under no circumstances在任何情况下都不—用于句首的时候主语和谓语中的助动词都要倒装

5. board and lodging膳宿(费)---How kind of Bill to get our board and lodging ready. 约翰真好,给我们安排好了食宿.He pays 40 a week board and lodging. 他每周 支付膳宿费40英镑.

6. go blind失明;be blind to对...视而不见;Love is blind爱情是盲目的;He is blind in the left eye.

7. break the peace扰乱治安; breach of the peace对治安的扰乱(breach是一个名词)

8. a broad mind宽广豁达的胸怀;at home and abroad国内外;go abroad出国; spread abroad传播地很广; chain broadcast联播;relay broadcast转播

9. bury oneself in(doing)sth---专心致力于(做)...(但是按照例句查找，还有使自己沉浸于某地，埋没于某地的意思)Now he could not bury himself in those thoughts. 现

在他静不下心来想这些事.It is asking much of a wealthy man to come down and bury himself in a place of this kind... 要想使一位有钱的人屈尊埋没在这样一个地 方，确实有点说不过去?

10. recall表示经过一番努力后想起，remember表示自然而然想起; remind sb of sth; recall sth to sb

The picture reminds me of my school days.

The picture recalls my school days to me/my mind.

11. reconcile可以指使和好，使和解，使协调---I couldn’t reconcile the two.

Reconcile在表示意思”使顺从于，使甘心于”的时候要加介词to

I can’t reconcile myself to such a theory.

Counsel既是名词也是动词，较advice更为正式，不过两者都是不可数名词;Give/offer counsel提出忠告;He counseled starting earlier.

Keep one’s own counsel---将意见(或计划)保密，不相信别人---All we have got to do is, to keep our own counsel , and remain perfectly quiet, not breathing a word

to any living soul; 只要我们自己保守秘密，不声不响的，对这件事不去对别人泄露一个字就得了.

Take counsel together---共同商量--- We take counsel together as to which course should be adopted.我们共同商量该采取什么方针.

4

1. on the campus注意是on，也注意campus的拼写

2. try to get information from various channels---多渠道获得信息

3. capable +of; capability of/for; He is a man of great capability.他是个大有作为的人

4. escape是一个及物动词也是一个名词，所以escape death死里逃生;have a narrow escape from...幸免于(难)

Unexpectedly, this soldier could have a narrow escape from death. 这个战士能够死里逃生，是人们没有想到的.

Escape + doing:We were lucky to escape being punished. 我们很幸运,没有受罚

Be taken captive被俘

Capacity指接受上，理解上的能力---He has great capacity of learning language.

5. accuse?of; charge?with; charge that?;accuse后不可以接that从句

They accused Jim of murder.

They charged Jim with murder.

They charged that Jim had committed murder.

Discharge sb from obligation----解除责任

\him from his obligation to pay the price, unless the loss or damage is

due to an act or omission of the seller.\货物在风险移转到买方承担后遗失或损坏,买方支付价款的义务并不因此解除,除非这种遗失或损坏是由于卖方的行为或不 行为所造成.

6. cure sb of a disease---治愈某人的疾病---You'll never cure him of his meanness;it's in his bones. 你决不可能治好他那小气的毛病，他本性就是如此.

Treat sb for a disease---治疗某人的病---When I treat a patient for pneumonia.要是我将一个病人作为肺炎患者来治疗.

A secure life无忧无虑的生活;feel secure about?对...感到放心---The organization also says exporters can feel secure about the openness of foreign markets. 并 宣称出口商可对外国市场的开放度放心.

7. in case +从句:假使，万一---Take the raincoat in case it rains. 带着雨衣,以防下雨.

In case of +单词或短语:假使，如果发生，防备---In case of nondelivery, return to the sender. 如无法投递，则归还寄件人.

In the case of就...而言---This is true in the case of the army and the organization. 以军队和企业来说确实是如此.

Casualty insurance:灾害保险;on this occasion在这个场合下;on the occasion of?值...之际

8 be cautious of/about表示”注意，小心”语气比careful强烈;He is cautious of telling secrets.=He is cautious not to tell secrets.

Caution既是动词也是名词;take caution against:提防;caution sb against doing sth=caution sb not to do sth---警告某人别做某事

Take precaution against预防---To take severe precaution against smuggling 严防偷漏

9. hide/conceal sth from sb---He tried to conceal the truth from me.

10. change sth into sth---将...变成...;change sth for?以...换...;

in exchange for以交换...To give money in exchange for goods or services. 付款为商品或服务而付款

exchange?for?--以...换取...;exchange?with sb for sth—和(某人)换...

11. weak character脆弱的性格;winning personality吸引人的个性

5

1. pick and choose--- Don't pick and choose, but take what's given to you.

Choose to do情愿做...---I choose to learn from it. 我选择从中吸取教训.

Have no choice but(to do)---除...外别无他法，不得不---If you press too hard,they would have no choice but to apply for bankruptcy. 你逼急了，它就只好破产.

2. 500 B. C---公元前500年; A. D. 500公元500年

3. civil servants文职人员; urban城市的---urbane有礼貌的，文雅的; rural乡村的---rustic土气的，粗俗的

4. claim既是名词也是动词---It is claimed that?有人说，据说，据称--- It is claimed that more petroleum may be preserved in stratigraphic than in structural traps. 有 人主张，地层圈闭也许比构造圈闭存有更多的石油.

Exclaim against injustice鸣不平---Widows exclaim loudly against second marriages.寡妇们大声非议再婚

Proclaim是一个及物动词，其主语只能是权力机关或政府领导---proclaim war宣战; proclaim a law宣布法律

5. classic意思是一流的，最上等的; classical才是”古典的”

6. find(meet) one’s match---找(遇)到对手

7. clean还可以做副词意思是”一干二净地，完全地”;---Sorry, I clean forgot. cleanly意思是”清洁地，干净利落地”

clear还有批准的意思，同样的clearance也可以做批准的名词

The plane tool off as soon as it was cleared.

The plane took off as soon as it got clearance.

Get clearance (for sth)---(为...)获得许可，批准--- They got clearance for their plan and started to reclaim valuable raw materials from industrial waste water. 计 划得到批准，他们开始从工业废水中回收有价值的原料.

Analyze the situation with clarity透彻地分析形式

declare的例句;He declared that it was true.= He declared it to be ture.

8. be in sb.'s clutches 在某人掌握之下;fall into the clutches of 遭［逃脱］...的毒手; 陷入［摆脱］...的控制;fall out of the clutches of 遭［逃脱］...的毒手; 陷入［摆

脱］...的控制; get into the clutches o遭［逃脱］...的毒手; 陷入［摆脱］...的控制; get out of the clutches of 遭［逃脱］...的毒手; 陷入［摆脱］...的控制 f

9. exclusive of=excluding不计...在内--- exclusive of all other expenses 除去其它一切费用不算

exclusive to为...所独享，独有--- ATM popularized the concept of QoS, but it is not exclusive to ATM. ATM(异步传输模式)使QoS概念广为人知，但它不是ATM 专有的.

Conclude除了表示做出结论和推论出以外，还可以表示”结束，完结);”缔结，协定”

Conclude (a) peace---缔结合约; conclude a meeting=close a meeting; The film closed/concluded with the heroine’s death.

In conclusion最后，总之--- In conclusion e wished us very success in our work. 最后，他祝我们工作顺利.

h10. make a close study of对...进行仔细研究--- Advertisers have made a close study of human nature and have classified all our little weaknesses. 广告者仔细研究 了人的本性并且把我们的各种小小弱点一一分类.

11. cloudy ideas模糊的观念

12. a collective opinion大家的意见; the collective wishes of the people---人民的共同愿望

recall/recollect +(doing) sth; recall强调一次回忆;recollect强调会议过程

colonialist殖民主义者，殖民主义的; colonist殖民者，移民

13. in combination with=together with

14. 在谈及income, expense, fortune,的时候不用much，little而使用large，small

15. demand后面使用demand sth of sb，而不是使用demand sb sth; demand在其后的that从句总使用should的虚拟语气，并且不存在deamd sb to do这种形式

I demanded an answer of him.

I demanded that John (should) go there at once.

16. communicate a disease to others传播疾病

immune是一个形容词，其有两个意思，在表示”免疫的，有免疫力的”时候，其后加to，在表示”免除的，豁免的”的时候，其后加from

Be immune to the disease; be immune from taxation

Immunize表示”使免疫”---Vaccination immunizes people against smallpox.

6

1. in company with和...一起---My aunt came in company with her children. 我姑母是和她的孩子们一起来的.

Keep company with与...交往，与...形影不离(尤其是与情人)

Accompany是一个及物动词意思是”go with”，当表示伴奏的意思时加介词on/at---He accompanied her at/on the piano.

Keep sb company---Sit here and keep me company for a while.

Our teach accompanied us to the park.—我们的老师陪我们去公园.

Company做同伴的时候是集体名称不可数，companion是单数人称是可数的;a companion in war战友;the companions on the journey旅伴

2. compare在做与... 比较解释的时候可以用compare A with/to B; 当做”把比作的..”的时候只能用to

He compares my book with/to his.

He compares books to friends.

3. act on impulse意气用事---His friends advised him not to act on impulse and he should think carefully before his decision. 他的朋友劝告他不要意气用事,在作出 决定之前应该慎重考虑.

4. compete with/against for sth(compete是一个不及物动词);in competition with

5. complain that; complain to sb of/about sth; complain of doing sth

6. as/so far as?be concerned就...而言---As far as English is concerned, he is first in our class.

7. discern A and B; discern A from B; discern between A and B

8. on the condition that如果---I will come on condition that Mike is invited, too.

Be conditional on/upon---This is conditional on the overall plan.

Confident + of; confidence in

We have confidence in our future.

We are confident of our future.

9. in conflict with

to inflict…on/upon

The typhoon inflicted serious damages on the city.

The teacher inflicted punishment upon her.

10. consider做及物动词居多，也偶尔做不及物动词，consider +doing

I considered him a rascal.我认为他是个流氓.

He is considering going to Europe.

In consideration of

11. contents指书的目录或者容器内所装的物体;但是在讲”内容”的时候，需要使用content

12. continue的两个形容词，continual， continuous哪个拼写较长，哪个就表示”连续不断的”

13. in chord=in concert一齐，一致，共同

14. corps单复同刑，意思是”军团，军队”;corpse意思是”尸体”

15. dispute with sb about/over sth

reputation(for)可以指好名声，也可以指坏名声，强调人们心中的印象.Fame仅指好名声

He has a reputation for greediness.

A deputy for sb---某人的代理人; a deputy to( +组织，机构)...的代表

16. a country国家(可数); the country乡村(不可数，且必须加the)

17. counter除了做动词，还可以做副词 go(run) counter to one’s interest通个人利益相违背

Contradict是一个及物动词，所以contradict oneself; in contradiction with?

On the contrary用作连词; to the contrary用作形容词或副词

I thought he was a criminal; on the contrary, he was a policeman.

There is evidence to the contrary.

Unless I heard to the contrary.

Contrast既是名词也是动词; present/in (a) sharp/striking contrast to—与...形成鲜明对比

To contrast?with---把...与...相对比--- He only seemed to contrast his present cheerfulness and felicity with the dire endurance that was over. 他只不过像是拿他 今天的欢乐幸福跟已成过去的苦痛经历做着对比.

In contrast with---与...成对比--- The beautiful stands in contrast to the ugly and develops in struggle with it. 美是跟丑相比较，并且同它作斗争发展起来的.

On the contrary和in contrast区别在于，on the contrary用于否定一个陈述，其实是围绕一个事情在讲，而in contrast是举出令一个事情并且和前一个事物相反

例如:今天很热啊，on the contrary，今天很冷---都在围绕今天讲，表示对前一句话的否定

今天很热啊，in contrast，昨天很冷

18. incur hatred招来怨恨; incur danger遭受危险

occur是一个不及物动词---occur原义为”come to one’s mind”所以occur的主语通常为某事，只是为了保持句子平衡，所以用it

It suddenly occurred to him that he hadn’t locked the door.

19. by courtesy承蒙...的好意，由于...的作用

Mr. Windaus used the photograph by courtesy of the publisher. 温道斯先生经过出版社的许可而使用照片.

This program comes by courtesy of a local company. 本节目承蒙当地一家公司的赞助才得以安排.

20. The doctor restored him to health; He was restored to health; He recovered his health; He recovered from his illness.

21. clash既是不及物动词也是名词;a border clash边境冲突; Our ideas clashed with theirs. A clash of ideas意见不合

crash既是动词也是名词 crash into; collide with类似还有 bump into, drive into; run into碰上，装上

crush意思是碾碎，镇压 They crushed the revolt/their enemy.

7

1. create the characters造人物;create a sensation引起轰动;create disturbance引起骚动 塑

give credit to?相信--- Dyou give credit to what the man said? o

Do credit to?为...增光--- His good performance In school do great credit to his mother 他在学校的优良表现为他母亲带来极大的荣誉

2. discriminate既是及物动词也是不及物动词;在做”区别，辨别”的时候是一个及物动词discriminate good from bad; 而在做”歧视，或者有差别地对待时”是一个不及 物动词，需要加介词against---No one should be discriminated against.

3. be critical of对...挑剔，对...吹毛求疵，对...持批评态度(星火在解释中并没有提及对...持批评态度这个意思，但是实际例句中还是有的)

Don't be critical of him; he is a beginner. \不要对他挑剔,他是初学者.\

It is difficult enough to be critical of our own mistakes. 对我们自己的错误采取批评的态度确实非常困难.

To criticize sb for sth---Western countries criticize us for violating human rights. 西方国家说我们侵犯了人权，

4. take up one’s cross背十字架，承受苦难---and take up the cross of a long, dreary, aching afternoon, 她只好在痛苦中熬过那漫长而令人乏味的下午.

5. 海关the Customs; 关税 customs duty

Be accustomed to (sth/do/doing)

6. condemn除了表示”判...刑，宣告...有罪)还可以表示谴责，当做谴责时使用condemn sb for sth---I did not condemn him for what he had done. 我并没有因他的所 作所为而指责他.

To indemnify sb for sth---He promised to indemnify me for my losses. 他答应赔偿我的损失.

7. endanger one’s life---危及生命

8. dare say侧重不肯定; dare to say侧重肯定

dare to struggle and dare to win敢于斗争, 敢于胜利;He will dare any danger.他敢冒任何危险.Does shedare to go alone?她敢一个人去吗?Tom didn't dare to do it.

汤姆不敢做那件事.I don't think he will dare the risk.我想他不会冒那个险.He dared me to jump over the stream.他激我跳过那条小溪.I took his dare to jump.

我接受他的挑战而跳了.do sth. for a dare被激得做某事, 因为有人挑战所以做某事;give a dare挑战

9. out of date, up to date都做表语;而out-of-date, up-to-date做定语

10. everyday是一个定语，every day是状语---She perseveres in learning some everyday English every day.

11. decide后面可以跟很多形式 decide on doing sth; decide against doing sth; decide to do; decide not to do

suicide是一个名词 attempt suicide寻死; commit suicide自杀;而动词应该使用kill oneself

12. defend有两个意思一个是”保卫，防守”(from/against)----We must defend ourselves against the enemy.

另一个意思是”为...辩护”The lawyer defended the accused.

Take offence at(对...)生气，(因...)见怪---

I hope that you will not take offense at it. 幸勿见怪.

I hope you will not take any offense at my words. 对我讲的话请别见怪.

13. condense a report精简一片报告;a condensed report一篇精简的报告

14. deny sb sth---拒绝给与某人某物---She can deny her son nothing.她对儿子是百依百顺(要什么就给什么).

Deny doing---否认做...

Make a denial of否认---To fully implement TCP/IP in Windows XP would make denial of service attacks a walk in the park.

15. depend/dependence/dependent + on;但是只能说independent /independently of;也只能说independence from---When did India get her independence from Britain? 印度什么时候脱离英国获得独立的?

16. ascribe/attribute sth to (doing sth)/sth

17. desert one’s post开小差

18. assert oneself坚持自己的权利(或意见)，显示自己的权威(或威力)

A leader must assert himself sometimes in order to be followed. 一个领导有时应该表现出自己的领导权威，好让别人照你说的去做.

He was never able to assert himself sufficiently. 他从来不能有效地维护自己的权利.

Exert all his strength使出全部力气; exert oneself to do努力，尽力

Exert/inflict?on---施加于; force impose?强加于

19. desire即使动词也是名词，其有两个形容词desirable意思是”某事物值得想要的”，desirous意思是”相望的，渴望的”;两个形容词后面如果接that从句，都需要使 用should的虚拟语气

Success is desirable to me.=It is desirable that I(should) succeed.----desirable to

I am desirous of success.= I am desirous that I(should) succeed.---desirous of

20. develop resources开发资源

21. devote…to(doing)sth

Vote是动词也是名词;vote for/against

8

1. addict既是动词也是名词，名词意思是”有瘾的人”;be addicted to

contradict是一个及物动词，所以His story contradicted the facts.

2. dedicate/devote…to doing sth

3. deadly既是形容词，有时副词;deadly poison; deadly enemy; deadly tired

die a glorious death光荣牺牲

4. 记住一句话There is a difference of ten degree in temperature between the day and the night.

Make a/the difference有影响，起作用

One false step will make a great difference.失之毫厘，谬以千里

The rain didn't make much difference to the game. 雨对比赛没有太大影响.

Differ是一个不及物动词，有两个意思，如表示”不同”则接介词from，如表示(在意见方面)的分歧，则接介词with

I differ from you in character.

I differ with your on/about/over this subject.

同时differ from=be different from; differ with=disagree with

Differentiate是动词，既是及物动词，也是不及物动词，如表示区别区分，则加介词between，如表示分辨，区别，则使用from

I can not differentiate between goats and sheep=I can not differentiate goats from sheep.

Indifferent意思是冷漠的，不关心的，不积极的---indifferent to---She is indifferent to her address.

Confer sth on sb---The principal conferred a medal on him.

Infer from?that从...中推断出

Prefer后面要加to，同样的preferable ,也要加to，但是preference后面加for，除非使用 in preference to=rather than, instead of

I have a preference for banana. My preference is for banana rather than apples.

I should choose tea in preference to coffee.

8. effect是一个名词;the effect of A on B;side effect药物的副作用;the cause and effect of the matter问题的因果关系;come/go into effect; bring/carry/put?into effect

Smoking affects your health.

Smoking has an effect on your health.

The effect of smoking on your health.

Effective有效的，生效的---be effective against对抵抗...有效，efficient效率高的，(人)有能力的

Be deficient in缺少...---Water is deficient in the desert.沙漠里缺水

Be proficient in?对...熟练精通---be proficient in driving (a car); proficiency in

Benefit可以做名词和动词

For the benefit of为...的利益---We all chipped in for the benefit of the orphans.

Benefit做动词”有益于”时是一个及物动词---The new highway will benefit the village people.

Benefit做动词”受益”时是一个不及物动词后面要加from，by---The village people will benefit from the new highway.

9. succeed in (doing)sth; fail(to do) sth

10. 成为牺牲品---fall a victim注意不要加into

11. offspring单复同形

12. be famous for以...出名He is famous for his learning.

Come to/achieve fame成名;world-wide fame

13. Fancy有名词，动词，形容词等多种形式----a fancy tie一条别致的领带，fancy diving花样跳水;fancy做名词”爱好，喜爱，迷恋”时只用单数take a fancy to---But the fact is that we have been so fascinated by him as to take a fancy to him.

Fancy在做动词时和imagine一样，都要加动名词---I can’t fancy/imagine his telling a lie.

14. further除了做形容词，副词外，还可以做动词---further the cause of peace:增进和平

15. as sure as fate必定;go to one’s fate送死;a fateful decision关系重大的决定

16. find fault(with)--- Indeed, it is hard to find fault with most of the items on the good governance agenda.

In default of缺少---He was acquitted in default of strong evidence of his guilt.;He was silent in default of any excuse.

17. favor有两个形容词favorable有利的，赞成的，有帮助的;favorite喜爱的或喜爱的人或物(兼具形容词和名词)

John is a great favorite with his grandmother.

The weather is favorable for our voyage.

He received a favorable reply to his application.

18. fear既是动词也是名词;for fear (of doing)/that---He didn't answer for fear of hurting her.; He walked fast for fear that he should be late.查出来的例句that后面多用 should或may，might

fearful和afraid一样后面多用of doing

19. feel like +doing想要(一般用于否定或疑问句中)---I don’t feel like eating now.

20. finding的复数findings表一调查的结果后面的动词也用复数The findings show that he is guilty.

21. finish doing

22. confine?to/within是局限于，限制---After all, home is not confined within the walls of one's own flat.

Definitive决定性的，最后的

11

1. He is a clerk with a firm.不是of a firm

2. fit在做形容词时候有两个意思，一个是健康，强健的，that’s why he is so fit.另一个意思是合适的，恰当的，He is fit for the job=He is fit to take the job.

虽然fit有(使)合适，(使)吻合，但是不能说The job fits him.因为fit做动词主要用于尺寸上的合适和吻合，比如The dress fits you well.这是可以用的

Every shoe fits not every foot.---fit主要用来形容尺寸大小合适

No dish suits all tastes.----suit主要用来形容合乎条件，身份，口味，需要

3. influence可以是名词或者动词，主要指潜移默化的影响，而affect却表示对事物产生不良影响.

effect/influence (up)on; to influence/affect=to have an influence/effect on

3. Time flies.光阴似箭;the flight of time 时间的飞逝

4. feed on以...为食Horses feed on grass.

Feed sth to sb=feed sb on/with sth

5. make an expedition; go to an expedition

6. forbid后面可以接很多形式forbid sb to do sth=forbid sb doing sth=forbid sth=forbid that; forbid that 后面要使用虚拟语气should

to bid on/for a bridge意思是投标承建桥梁

7. force的复数forces才是职军队

8. force sb to do sth, force sb into doing sth

They forced me to obey the order. They forced ,e into obeying the order.

Put a law in force---实施法律

Force的形容词有两个，一个是forceful强有力的，另一个是forcible强迫的，强暴的

Enforce是动词，既有实施，执行的意思，也有强迫，强制的意思(后面要加on/upon)，所以如果理解为”强加”可能更好

Enforce a law; They enforce obedience up(on) me.

Make an effort=make efforts; redouble one’s effort再接再厉;without effort毫不费力

9. conform是一个不及物动词，conform to意思是遵从，是主观意识行为;conform with是顺应，是无意识的客观结果

formula for water水的分子式，不是of

10. reform the system of society改革社会制度;reform a person使人改过自新

inform在做通知的意思的时候是及物动词 inform sb of sth---Actually, it is your duty to inform him of the board 's decision .

inform 在做告发，检举的时候是不及物动词，所以要加against/on;inform against/on sb---They decided to inform against him.

11. try one’s fortune碰运气;tell one’s fortune算命;make a fortune发财，致富

be fortune to do sth=be fortunate in doing sth

I am fortunate (to have)/having a good wife.

12． a story founded/based on facts基于事实写成的小说，注意facts不是fact

The fund for research研究基金，funds资金，fund基金

A profound doctrine深奥的学说;a profound scholar渊博的学者

Profundity注意拼写，不是profoundity，意思是深奥，其复数profundities意思是奥妙之事

13. free在做大方的意思时，用with---be free with money;在做免费的，免税的，无...的意思时，使用from或of---free of taxes; free from care

此外free还做动词和副词，副词意思是免费地，而freely意思是自由地，随意地，所以travel free和travel freely意思是不一样的

14. make friends with(与...)交朋友;be friends with与..要好;

friendly是一个形容词，不是副词，friendly with意思是要好，friendly to是对...友好

I am friends with A=I am friendly with A.我和A很要好.

I am friendly to A.我对A很友好

15. be confronted with=be faced with 面临，遇到;to confront difficulties勇敢地面对困难

To confront sb with?使某人面临...But then life moves along to confront us with realities

The frontier of medicine医学尖端

16. furnish A with B; furnish B to A---提供;如果做装备的意思，只能用furnish A with B

17. generalize概括，归纳，推断---to generalize a conclusion总结出结论

18. 12

1. grahic还有”生动的”意思

2. given有两个形容词意思,和一个副词意思

within the given time---规定的

He is given to drinking heavily.---有癖好的,有倾向的----这个时候given后面加doing或者sth

Given their experience, they have done a good job.

Be given to (doing) sth,有(做)...的癖好,有(做)的倾向

Endow sb with sth,赋予,向...捐钱(或物)

Ramon had managed to endow the figurine with a primitive beauty.

endow this university

be endowed with有...的特指,被赋予...

He was endowed with the power of acute observation.

3. glare at sb怒目,瞪眼,a gleam of hope一线希望,All that glitters is not gold.闪光的未必都是金子.

4. as well as后的动词形式应根据前一个主语来决定,因为A as well as B,A做主题,B只是跟从

not only but also却要跟后一个主语

may as well +do---还不如,不妨 We may as well go.我们还是走吧

for the better好转,向好的方向发展---Everything is changing for the bettr.

eGet the better of战胜,在...中占上风---I’ll get the better of him some day. You always get the better of me at chess. 你下国际象棋总是赢我.

Get the best of 战胜,make the best of 充分利用,妥善处理

5. be grateful to sb for sth感激某人某事---I’m grateful to you for your kindness.

Express sb’s gratitude---I wish to express my gratitude to you for your kindness.

6. graduate at/from +school---graduate at/from Harvard.

Graduate in major---graduate in medicine

7. school program教学大纲,the TV program电视节目

8. grope for摸索(路等)---其过去式和过去分词都是groped

grope for the right answer , grope for the door-handle, light-switch, etc

9. protect?against/from保护...使不受(强调一般性事物),safeguard...against保护...免遭(强调领土,主权等)

regard as=look(up)on...as把...看做,regard做动词还有respect的意思,regard的复数regards做名词,意思是敬意问候

I consider him that he is foolish=I consider him (to be) a fool.

They regarded him as foolish=They regarded him as a fool.

Regardless是一个副词 regardless of=disregarding-----regardless of danger

As regards=regarding=with/in regard to都是介词

Ward off--- He managed to ward off the blow.

He was awarded the first the first prize for being the fastest runner.

Award sb a medal---接双宾语,reward sb for sth---因...奖赏某人,reward sb with sth---用...酬劳某人

10. lead/guide sb in doing sth---引导某人做某事,under the leadership/guidance of---在...领导下(注意拼写,是leadership而不是leadship)

11. guilt是名词,guilty看起来是名词形式,但其实却是一个形容词

guilty for/about---对...内疚,guilty of?犯...罪

I felt guilty for leaving without saying good-bye.

He was found guilty of robbery.(注意星火在翻译成他被发现犯有抢劫罪,这个翻译应该是不对的,find在这里是指裁定,所以应该是他被裁定犯有盗窃罪)不过百密总 有一疏,大家不要怪它啦.

12. inhabit是及物动词,主要用来描述动物或者一大群人的居住,live是不及物动词,所以要加in

live(dwell, reside) in a city, inhabit a city

13. a handy book手头的书,a handy tool方便的工具

I could hardly catch/grasp/apprehend his meaning.

Comprehension理解(力),领悟

Recommend和recommendation后接的宾语从句都要用should的虚拟语气

14. hang做吊,悬挂的意思时,过去式过去分词都是hung;做吊死,绞死的意思时,都是hanged

hang on=hinge on=depend on---Your success hinges on your decision.

15. do harm to---对...有害;no harm in doing---There’s no harm in trying once more.

16. hate有两个意思,一个是讨厌,用法和like一样,hate to do表示偶然讨厌做某事,hate doing表示一向讨厌做某事

hate表示不愿意的时候,有hate to do和hate that(that后面加should的虚拟语气)

I hate him to leave.

I hate that he(should) leave.

Hatred看起来是一个形容词,其实是一个名词

Have a hatred for sb,have a hatred at sth.

13

1. lose one’s head慌乱,仓皇失措

What had the cop said to make him angry enough to lose his head?

It was just not like him to lose his head over a pretty face!

2. headache和其他ache不同,可以做可数名词使用.

3. heal a quarrel/disagreement

4. on the whole总的来说,大体上On the whole the weather is not bad.

Wholesome意思是 有益于健康的,the wholesome food=the healthy food

5. hear a case审讯案件

hear about/of听说,听到

No, I didn't hear anything about that.

I have often hear about you. 久仰, 久仰.

Hear from收到...的信(或电话)

Hear sb do sth听到某人做... hear sb doing sth听到某人在做

Overhear是无意中听到,eavesdrop才是故意偷听

6. can’t/couldn’t help + do/but +do禁不住,忍不住

7. cultural heritage文化遗产,her inherent modesty她天生的谦虚,an inherent property of matter物质的固有特征

8. history有两个形容词,一个是historic意思是历史上著名的,另一个是historical意思是历史上的

9. uphold one’s opinion 赞成他的意见

withhold?from doing抑制,不让...做,withhold?from sb不把...告知或给予

I couldn’t withhold myself from laughing.

You’d better withhold the truth from them.

10. a hell on earth人间地狱

give sb hell使人受不了

11. be at home in精通,熟练 He is at home in English.

12. be honest with sb---He is always honest with me.

In honor of为向...表示敬意,为庆祝,为纪念,A farewell party was held in honor of the ambassador.

On one’s honor---On my honor ,it is true.

Honorable conduct光明磊落的行为

13. cherish the hope抱有希望 cherish the hope of winning an Olympic medal

hope for,hopeful of,hopeless of

14. a hot temper急脾气

heat有动词和名词形式,但是没有形容词形式,其形容词是heated----a hot/heated debate.

The debate with much heat激烈的辩论,in the heat of a debate在辩论最激烈的时候

15. act as host at?担任...的主任(或主持人)---没查到这个例句

the city chosen as host for the Olympic games.这个城市被选为举办奥运会的主办国

be hostile to sb/sth对人/物有恶意----星火提到了sb,实际查找的例句中也有sth

He is hostile to reform. 他对变革持敌对态度.

16. household expense家庭费用

15

1. in league with 跟?串通,一个鼻孔出气

They are in league with each other. 他们是通同一气的.

The police suspected that the bank clerk was in league with the rubbers 警察怀疑银行职员与强盗有勾结

星火解释in league with 为”跟?同盟”我认为不是很完备,按照我查找的例句显示,除了一句波兰与德国联合以外.其他多表达了负面含义,所以我还是把其解释为”串 通”较好.

2. owe an obligation to=be under an obligation to 对?承担义务

星火解释中owe后面没有加定冠词a,但是就我查的例句,一般都加冠词

Above all other men, they owe an obligation and a duty to these black men that can never be repaid.

You are under an obligation to care for her.

We owe a moral obligation to all of nature

Obligation主要指道义或者法律的义务,而duty主要职责道义上的责任,较为强调主观性.

Be obliged to do sth 被迫做某事

Be obliged to sb. (for sth) (因?)感激某人

So he was obliged to agree that I would do it.

I feel obliged to him for his help.

Liable 有两个意思,后加介词 for表示负有义务和责任的,加to表示倾向于,易于

They are jointly liable for damages

It is liable to rain.

3. lean on sb for help依靠某人的帮助

on the decline在没落中,在衰退中

reject +n,refuse +n/to do,decline +n/to do/doing

表示倾向于有两种第一种是经常性倾向be apt to/be inclined to/tends to

另一种是偶然或者特殊情况下的倾向 be likely to do

4. a lecture on(NOT about) American literature

5. be to let: The house is to let.

Let alone用作连词,而not to mention做介词用,后面加doing或者名词

I didn't even see him, not to mention shaking hands with him.

An outlet for his feeling 宣泄感情的途径

6. literal有确实的,不夸张之意,所以literally有同样意思

He literally flew into the room.意思是他简直飞一样的跑进房间,而不是他照字面的跑进房间.

To the letter意思是说,彻底的,完全的,carry out the order to the letter

Be liberal with money, be liberal of his help, a man liberal in his views

Deliver from意思是解救,释放

To deliver the people from extreme sufferings

7. lay vt.放—laid---laid---laying

lie vi.躺---lay---lain---lying

lie vi.撒谎---lied—lied—lying

lie in意思是位于,在于 The fundamental way out for agriculture lies in mechanization.

8. loft ideals 崇高理想,lofty smile 高傲的笑

A grave man庄重的人,a grave consequence严重的后果

Grieve 一般都要加for或者over ,Please do not grieve for me.

Come to grief失败,遭受不幸

Those who fly too high may come to grief. 野心勃勃的人可能遭惨败.

It is their dishonesty that causes them to come to grief 他们吃亏在于不老实.

Bring sb to grief使遭受不幸

9 in (the) light of鉴于,由于

petition for a retrial in the light of new evidence 根据新证据请求重审.

Throw/cast light on使明白,阐明,请注意cast的过去式和过去分词都是cast,throw的过去式和过去分词是threw,thrown

His diary cast light on life in England in the seventeenth century. 他的日记使人了解17世纪英格兰的生活情况.

Enlighten sb on sth----Can you enlighten me on this subject?

8. like后面接doing表示一贯的爱好,如果接to do则表示偶尔的爱好,would like后面都接to do,dislike后面全部接doing

like可以做定语或者标语,可以加very.而alike只能当表语,前面可以加much

The two sisters are very like/much alike.

Likely是一个形容词,并不是副词,有两个意思,一个是(表语)可能的,还有一个意思是(定语)有希望的

A likely young man有出息的年轻人

10. set a limit to=set limits to 对...加以限制

The government plans to set strict limits on public spending this year.

Limit sb to doing sth 限制某人做某事

Eliminate主要指淘汰 elimited from the match, exclude主要指排除在外,exclude from the team,区别在于前者是先进入在选拔淘汰,后者是根本连进入机会都没有

9. in line with与...一致,与...符合 My plan is in line with your suggestions.

Guideline只有用复数才表示指导方针,headline只有用复数才表示新闻提要

An outline of a plan 计划的纲要,to outline a plan概述某计划

Streamline除了有使成流线型的意思外,还有使效率更高的意思

Underline除了做名词表示底线(底部划的线),还有丁次强调的意思

10. live on意思是靠某物过活,比如 live on his salary , live by是靠某种手段生活,比如live by working

live through 度过,经受住 He managed to live through two world wars.

Live up to 遵守,实践诺言 He did not live up to his promise.

符合,不辜负期望 We will live up to what our parents expect of us.

Alive只能做表语(多用于人),live可以做定语(只用于物) a live broadcast, living(人物均可)可以做表语又可以做定语

Lively是一个形容词,并不是副词,a lively description

Livelihood注意拼写,意思是升级,生活

Survive有两个意思,一个是活下来,这个时候是做不及物动词,另一个是幸存,幸免于,这个时候是做及物动词

Survive all perils 九死一生,He survived hi wife by ten years.他比妻子多活10年.Few people in the town survived the earthquake.注意不要在后面加from这些介 词.

The survival of the fittest.适者生存,注意,这个短语是当名词来使用的,the survival rate成活率

11. be overloaded with dutie,职务负担过重

12. location只要指主观上的位置 ,locality主要指客观上的位置

13. linger about a place在某处留恋不舍

prolong主要指人为的时间的延长,lengthen主要指自然的时间或者空间的延长

15. at a loss迷茫的,不知所措的

16

1. to sustain one’s life 供养,维持生命

2. 成品(看得出材料) be made of + 材料, 成品(看不出材料)be made from +材料, 材料be made into +成品,

3. make for: 走向 The ship made for the open sea.

有助于 The large print makes for easier reading.

make out: 辨认 I could just make out a figure in the darkness.

理解 I can’t make out what she wants.

make up: 构成 Women make up 56% of the student numbers.

编造 He made up some excuse about his daughter being sick.

make up for: 弥补 Nothing can make up for the loss of a child.

4. man在表示人类意思的时候,前面不加冠词,Labour creates man himself.

5. 渔民是fisherman,不是fishman,销售员是salesman不是saleman,同样的运动员是sportsman

6. a great/good many后面的谓语要用复数

mang a后面的谓语要用单数

A great many scientists have sacrificed their lives for science.

Many a scientist has sacrificed his life for science.

虽然上述用法看起来比较变态,主要是收到前面冠词a和many的影响,如果实在不能理解,可以这样记many后面都加复数,随后的谓语跟many后面的复指,a后面加 单数,谓语用单数第三人称,所以这两个短语的谓语都采用就近原则.

同时,平时我们很少看到这类用法,所以完全可以用many,lots of就好啦嘛,又方便还不会错.

7. no more than 有两个意思,平时看到最多的应该是”仅仅,只不过”比如

His whole school education added up to no more than one year.

He is no more than a puppet.

但是如果no more than拆开用,变成no more?than?意思就不大一样了,相当于 neither?nor?的意思

Jack is no more diligent than John.杰克和约翰谁都不勤奋.

not more than如果连用也是表示”至多,不超过”的意思

Not more than 1,000 people attended the lecture.

但是要是拆开用变成not more?than?的形式,就表示”不如,前者不如后者”的意思

比如例句:

It is not more a river than a stream.

如果直译应该是---把它当作河 (not more,不多于)把它当作小溪----它还不如比作小溪恰当呢！

8. make the most of::充分利用 How to Study and Make the Most of Your Time

make the best of : 将不利之事充分利用 How to make the best of a bad situation.

9. in the least: 一点点,丝毫 Are you in the least interested in sewing?

10. a marked man 引人注目的人 the marked difference 显著差别

Marked和remarkable在表示意思”显著的”时,可以通用,但是remarkable因为是able结尾还有”值得注意的”这个意思

11. marginal effect 微笑的作用,marginally higher略高,a narrow majority微弱多数

12. Masse的复数masses表示群众,民众,另有两个短语 a mass of /masses of形式和lot类似.

13. It’s of no matter.

It makes no matter whether you get there early or late.

No matter who/what/when

14． Material做材料意思的时候,需要使用复数materials,building materials, raw materials, collect materials

15. with all one’s might

16. take measures 采取措施,take measurements 量尺寸

17. meet one’s wishes 满足某人的愿望,meet with a childhood friend 遇到一个幼年时期的朋友,meet with misfortune 遭遇不幸,call a meeting 召开会议,preside at (over) a meeting主持会议,attend a meeting 参加会议

18. melted 溶的,molted 熔的

19. in memory of 纪念

20. mend one’s way 改过自新,make amends (to sb) for sth 为?赔偿(某人),emend the manuscript 校订手稿

Amends 赔罪,赔偿,damages (法律)赔偿金,satisfaction 赔偿物,补偿物

21. a film with a message 有教益的影片,the message of the book 该书的主旨

on a?mission 负有?使命 He went to Japan on a special mission.

22. in the midst of 在?之中,正当?的时候---强调过程 He was disturbed in the midst of his work.. by/through the medium of 以?为媒介,通过

23. meantime 意思是”其间,其时”是名词,meanwhile才是副词,by means of:凭借,by all means:尽一切办法,务必,by no means 决不,并没有

24. remind有两个意思,一个是”使想起” remind sb of?,另一个是”提醒” remind sb to do,,,.remind that

Thanks for your gift--it will always remind me of you.

Be sure to remind her to come back early.

Not to mention: 别提,更不用说

He speaks French, not to mention English.

17

1. minute description 细致的描述

2. an administration organ 行政机关

3. work/do a miracle 创造奇迹

4. live in misery=live in a miserable life

5. be in no mood for sth (to do sth) 没有心思做某事

6. accommodate? to 使适应,accommodate oneself to 适应,顺应,accommodate?with 适应?需求

I will accommodate my plan to yours.

He soon accommodated himself to the new circumstances.

The bank accommodated me with a loan of $ 100,000.

They will accommodate us with food an clothing.

7. goods 总用复数,merchandise集体名词,不可数,commodity 一般总用复数

8. the minute/instant/moment +that =as soon as

9. moral culture 德育,moral character 品性,the moral of the story 故事的寓意,draw a moral from?从?中吸取教训

We should draw a moral from the startling fact.

Immoral:不道德的,unmoral:与道德无关的

By virtue of:借助于,由于 unclearness by virtue of not being explicit.

10. without emotion 无动于衷

He was promoted/demoted captain.

11. dance to the music, sing to the music 介词都不用with

12. name sb./sth. After 以?给?命名

On the other hand, people might name their children after a respected older relative or even a famous person.

Namely,副词,意思是”也就是,即”

Namely后面跟更具体的描述,相反的 i.e.后面跟概括描述

We visited two ancient cities, namely Nimes and Arles.

We visited Nimes and Arles, i.e. two ancient cities.

Nominal 有名无实的,nominal head 有名无实的领导

Nominate sb for/as …. To do sth

13. be of … nationality

Our nationality is Chinese.

We are of Chinese nationality.

13. come hear to (doing) 差一点(做了?)

I had come near to forgetting.

14. necessary的复数necessaries表示必需品的意思,比如daily necessaries

It is necessary/essential/imperative that…(should) +v

三个词后面的从句都要用虚拟语气,其中essential语气最为强烈

而necessarily作为副词却表示”必定,必然地”

Necessity意思和necessary一样,都表示必需品,但是necessity意思更为强烈,表示维持生活的必需品.

15. have the nerve to do sth,敢于做某事

16. ever的意思除了有曾经之外,还有很多其他意思

Is he ever at home?他总是在家么?

He is ever true to his friend.他永远忠于他的朋友.

Will he ever succeed?他究竟能否成功.

Have you ever seen him?你曾经见过他吗?

17. at night 虽然平时用的很多,但是是泛指任何晚上,如果要特指一个晚上,应该使用 in the night

18. now that:既然,由于 Now that you're here

renew one’s youth 返老还童

本文来源：https://www.bwwdw.com/article/p4tx.html