Module3 unit1 导学案language pionts

高 一 英 语 导 学 案

Unit 1 Period 2 Learning about Language

主编：李树辉 审核：张静静 编号：06

姓名： 班级：

学习目标：1. Get students to use some useful new words and expressions correctly. 2. Enable students to make sentences after the useful sentence patterns. 3. Stimulate students’ interest in learning English and develop students’

1) 挨饿；饿死

★starve to death 挨饿至死

【运用】战争中数百万人挨饿至死。

Millions of people starved to death in the war.

★ starve for sth; starve sb of sth（使某人）得不到某事物而受苦或渴望获得某事物；缺乏 【运用】这些无家可归的孩子渴望得到爱。

These homeless children starve for love. ★感觉很饿。仅用于进行时态。

spirit of cooperation and teamwork.

重点：Enable students to grasp the usages of such important new words and expressions as

trick, gain, take place, look forward to , in memory of, award, as though, etc. 难点：1. Let students learn the usage of the expression “take place”.

2. Enable students to learn the adverbial clause introduced by as though. 3. Get students to understand some difficult and long sentences.

1. Discuss when they take place, what they celebrate and what people do at that time. 讨论它们在什么时时候发生，庆祝什么，那个时候人们做什么。 take place 发生，举行

【辨析】take place, occur, happen, come about 和 break out. 1、指事先计划或预想到的事情“发生”，不能用于被动语态中 take place 2、指偶然或突发性事件的“发生” happen 3、较正式用语，指事情偶然地、意外地“发生”或思想突然浮上心头。 sth. occur to sb. 某人想起某事。 occur 3、多指事情发生了，但不知道为什么，常用于疑问句和否定句。常与How搭配用于疑问句中。 come about 4、常指战争、疾病、灾难或争吵等的“突然爆发”。 break out 【练习】用take place, occur, happen, come about 和 break out填空。 1) The second G20 summit（峰会）_______ in London April 1.

2)The hand-foot-mouth disease（手足口病）_______ in some places. 3) Suddenly a good idea _______ to me. 4)The accident ________ yesterday.

5) How did it ______ that he knew where we were?

Great changes ____ in the rural areas in the last two decades. A. have taken place B. took place

C. have been taken place D. are happening

2. At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months. 在那个时代，如果食物难以找到，特别是在寒冷的冬月，人们就会挨饿。 starve v.

【运用】I’m starving to death.（我快饿死了。） n. starvation: (U)挨饿；饿死 die of starvation 饿死

3. Today’s festivals have many origins, some religious, some seasonal, and some for special people or events.现在的节日有很多由来，一些是宗教上的，一些是季节性的，一些是纪念特殊的人和事件的。

【分析】some religious, some seasonal, and some for special people or events是并列成份，它们都是some origins中的其中一种，其都是对some origins起作进一步说明，使其意思更为具体的作用。

★ origin (n.) 起源；由来，可用作可数名词或不可数名词。

(1) 这个传统发源于中世纪。 The tradition has its origin in the Middle Ages. 【运用】这一特殊风俗起源于威尔士（Wales）。

This particular custom has its origin in Wales. 【拓展】

★ original:

adj. (1)原来的；起初的；最早的

Eg. 房间还保留着当初的许多特点。 The room still has many of its original features. (2) 首创的；独创的；有独创性的

Eg. 那个建议没有什么新意。That’s not a very original suggestion. ★ religious: adj. ? n. religiousness 1)宗教信仰的；宗教的

Eg. 不同的人有不同的宗教信仰。Different people have different religious beliefs. 2)笃信宗教的；虔诚的

Eg. 他的妻子非常虔诚。His wife is very religious. 【拓展】

★ religion: noun. 1) (U)宗教；宗教信仰

Eg. 科学和宗教之间是否永远存在着冲突。 Is there always a conflict between science and religion?

2) 宗教；教派

Eg. 法律规定每个人都有信仰宗教的权利。The law states that everyone has the right to practice

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高 一 英 语 导 学 案

their own religion.

3) 特别的兴趣；重大的影响

Eg. 对于他来说，足球就是他至高无上的追求。For him, football is an absolute religion. 4. For the Japanese festival Obon, people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors. 在日本的盂兰盆节，人们要扫墓、烧香，以缅怀祖先。 ★ in memory of sb = to the memory of sb作为对某人的纪念 Eg. 他创办了慈善事业以纪念他已故的妻子。He founded the charity in memory of / to the memory ★ play a trick on: 又可用作 play tricks on, 意为“捉弄某人”。

Eg. 孩子们经常耍花招戏弄老师。The kids always play tricks on their teacher. ★ trick /trik/ n. & v.

1) n. （1）诡计；花招；计谋；骗局? adj. tricky (多指人) 狡猾的；诡计多端的；欺骗的（2）戏法；把戏；（3）【常用单数】技巧；诀巧；窍门 2) vt. 欺骗；欺诈

Eg. 他想方设法骗过保安员走了。He managed to trick his way past the security guards. of his late wife.

【运用】树立这座纪念碑（monument）以纪念在战争中逝去的人们。（使用被动语态）

The monument was set up in memory of those who died in the war. 【拓展1】

☆ memorable _值得纪念的 This is really a memorable moment in my life. 【拓展2】in + n. + of 的相关短语

5. The Western holiday Halloween also had its origin in old beliefs about the return of the spirits of dead people.西方节日万圣节也源自人们老的信念，认为亡者的灵魂会返回人间。 ★ belief: n.信任；信心；信仰

【习语】beyond belief令人难以置信的 ? unbelievable

Eg. 对政府的不满已经达到令人难以置信的程度。Dissatisfaction with the government has grown beyond belief.

【拓展1】belief多为不可数名词，作可数名词时，意思略有不同；且其复数名词是直接在词尾加-s构成。（这与名词复数规则变化之“以-f或-fe结尾的，先变-f或-fe为v再加-es”不同。） 其中具有相同变化的名词还有：gulf（海湾），serf（农奴），chief（酋长），proof（证据），roof（房顶）。

【拓展2】☆ believable 可相信的；可信任的 Her explanation certainly sounded believable. ☆ believe it or not 信不信由你 Believe it or not, we won the first prize at last. ☆ not believe one’s ears / eyes: 不相信自己的耳朵/ 眼睛；对所闻或所见非常吃惊

I couldn’t believe my eyes when she walked into the room.她走屋子的时候我大吃一惊。 ☆ believe sb. 相信某人 I believe you but I don’t believe in you. ☆believe in sb. 信任某人

6. It is now a children’s festival, when they can dress up and go to their neighbors’ homes to ask for sweets. If the neighbors do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick on them. 万圣节如今成了孩子们的节日，这天他们可以乔装打扮上邻居家要糖吃。如果邻居什么糖也不给，那么孩子就可以捉弄他们了。

【分析】句中when引导一个非限制性定语从句，其先行词是festival.且when可改为 on which. ★ dress up / dress sb. up：乔装打扮；装扮

★ dress sb / dress oneself 给某人穿衣服 / 某人自己穿衣服 ★ be dressed (in ...) （指状态） ★ get dressed （指动作）

★ The old lady is neatly dressed in black.

【短语】trick sb into sth / into doing sth.诱使某人做某事

trick sb out of sth: to get sth from sb by means of a trick 从某人处骗走某物 8. India has a national festival on October 2 to honour Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India’s independence from Britain. 在印度，10月2日是一个纪念莫罕达斯·甘地一全国性节日，他是帮助印度摆脱英语国的统治而获得独立的领袖。 ★gain: vt. & vi. 获得，得到；（钟表）走得快；增加 n.. 盈利；收益；增加

gain weight ? put on weight 增加体重 gain … from …从??中得到?? 【运

No pains, no gains. 不劳无获。 A fall into a pit, a gain in your wit. 吃一堑，长一智。 用】

他已

赢得了朋友们的尊敬。

He gained his friends’ respect. ★ independence n. 【U】独立

Eg. 古巴于1898年脱离西班牙而获得独立。Cuba gained independence from Spain in 1898. 【扩展】

independent adj. 独立的；自主的；无党派的；自食其力的 be independent of 独立于?? dependent adj. 依靠的；依赖的 dependable adj. 可信赖；可靠的 dependence n. 依靠，依赖，依存

【运用】在经济上不依赖父母，这对我们很重要。（用“It is ??”句型，be independent of ） It’s important for us to be independent of our parents. 10. Some people win awards for their farm produce, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster. 有些人可能因为他们的农产品（参加各种评选）而获奖，比如最大的西瓜或最帅的公鸡。

★ award: 1) n.奖；奖品；奖金；奖状 2) v.授予；奖励

award sb. sth. / award sth to sb 奖励某人某物 / 把某物奖给某人 award, reward与prize

award 侧重指经过正式裁定而给予的荣誉或在某项评比竞赛中获胜而得到的奖赏。 reward 侧重指对某人所做的某件好事、好的行为等的报答、酬谢。 prize 多指在竞赛中获胜或有特殊贡献时所得的奖励。

1. Ann Bancroft, an American author, teacher, and adventurer, received a number of _____ and honours for her adventures.

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高 一 英 语 导 学 案 A. prizes B. rewards C. harvests D. awards 2. It is the first time that she has been _____ second prize in the English Speaking Competition. A. rewarded B. awarded C. included D. harvested

11. China and Japan have mid-autumn festivals, when people admire the moon and in China, as though/as if从句谓语在主句谓语之后发生 过去将来时would +do Eg; 1)It seems as if the boy has lost his way. 那个男孩好像迷路了

2)He looked as though he knew it. 他看起来像是知道这件事似的。

3) The yong man with long hair looks as if he were a girl. 那个长头发的男青年看上去enjoy mooncakes. 中国和日本都有中秋节，这时人们会赏月。在中国，人们还品尝月饼。 ★ admire: v.钦佩；赞赏；羡慕；欣赏 admire sb. for sth 在某方面钦佩某人

We all admire him for his courage and bravery. 我们都钦佩他的勇气和胆识。

12. The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring. 最富生气而又最重要的节日，就是告别冬天、迎来春天的日子。

★ energetic adj.精力充沛的；充满活力的；需要能量的；积极的 n. energy 精力；活力；干劲；能量；能；能源

【运用】她把全部精力都投入到工作去了。(put all one’s energies into) She put all her energies into her work. ★ look forward to: 盼望；期待；其中to为介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。 【扩展1】

look after 照料 look through 浏览；仔细查看

look up to 仰视；尊敬某人 look into 调查；向??里看

look down upon / on 轻视；瞧不起 look out (for) 注意；当心；提防

【扩展2】含介词to的短语有：

pay attention to注意 be/become/get used to习惯于 stick to坚持 get down to 开始、着手 lead to 导致 devote…to 致力于 prefer …to 比起…更喜欢 be sentenced to 宣判 add up to 总计

13. The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow.

★ as though = as if

好像，似乎，仿佛相当于as if，在句中可引导方式状语从句或表语从句,当用在look, seem. smell, taste, sound等系动词之后，引导表语从句，当用在行为动词之后，引导方式状语从句，无论是何种从句，当其所表示的情况是事实或具有很大的可能性时通常用陈述语气，当其所表示的情况不是事实，而是主观的想象或夸大性的比喻时，通常用虚拟语气。其动词时态的判断标准如下：

判断条件 从句的谓语时态 as though/as if从句谓语与主句谓语同时进一般过去时；系动词一般用were 行 as though/as if从句谓语在主句谓语之前发过去完成时，如果从句有过去时间，要用一生 般过去时

好像是个女的

4) He looks as if he had known something about it. 她好像已经知道一些情况。 5) She talks and talks as if she would never stop. 她说了又说好像永远停不下来。

14. These carnival might include parades, dancing in the streets day and night, loud music

and colorful clothing of all kinds.狂欢节期间，人们身着各种艳丽的节日盛装，伴随着鼓噪的音乐，在街头游行，昼夜跳舞。

【辨析】 clothing 是最常用词，统指身上的各种服装，包括上衣，裤子，内衣等；是复数名词，不能直接与数词连用, clothes 是“衣服”，指具体的衣服，不能用作单数，也不能和数词连用。不能说a clothes, five clothes, 也不说The clothes is ?,而应说The clothes are?。例如： 1) She is dressed in her everyday clothes.她穿着日常穿的衣服。 2) He wears fine clothes.他穿着讲究。

3) Where did you get your clothes made?你的衣服在哪做的？

clothing 是衣服、服装的总称，是集体名词，没有复数形式。可以说an article of clothing, a piece of clothing一件衣服。例如：

The orphans are well provided with food and clothing.孤儿的衣食供应很充足。 This shop sells men’s clothing.这家商店卖男装。

若不考虑其细微区别，两者常可换用(注：一个是复数，一个不可数)。如：

1) He spent a lot of money on clothes / clothing. 他花了许多钱买衣服。 cloth 的意思是“布料”、“毛料”、“丝绸”（特别指布料和毛料）。cloth在一般情况下是物质名词，不可数，没有复数，不能与不定冠词连用。例如： a piece of cloth (不能说a cloth)一块布料

This piece of cloth is long enough for you to make a shirt.这块布够你做一件衬衣。 cloth用作桌布，台布，揩布时是可数名词。例如： a table cloth一块桌布 a dish cloth一块擦碗布

1) The waiter dried the glass with a dirty cloth.那个服务员用一块脏布擦干了玻璃。 2) She bought some cloth to make herself a dress. 她买了些布要给自己做一件连衣裙。 【运用】翻译句子：Clean the windows with a soft cloth. 用一块柔软的布擦窗户。

15. permission: n. 许可；准许；批准 without permission 未经许可

Eg. 一切重大开以须报请批准。You must ask for permission for all major expenditure.

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