barron_3500_巴郎三千五必会词汇

Barron’s SAT I Basic Word List

Word List 1abase-adroit

abase V./降低，羞辱/lower; humiliate. Defeated, Queen Zenobia was forced to abase herself before the conquering Romans, who made her march in chains before the emperor in the procession celebrating his triumph. abasement, N.

abash V./使难堪/embarrass. He was not at all abashed by her open admiration.

abate V./减弱，减少/subside; decrease, lessen. Rather than leaving immediately, they waited for the storm to abate. abatement, N.

abbreviate V./减短，缩写/shorten. Because we were running out of time, the lecturer had to abbreviate her speech.

abdicate V./放弃/renounce; give up. When Edward VIII abdicated the British throne to marry the woman he loved, he surprised the entire world.

abduction N./绑架/kidnapping. The movie Ransom describes the attempts to rescue a multimillionaire's son after the child's abduction by kidnappers.

abduct,V.

aberrant N./不正常的/abnormal or deviant. Given the aberrant nature of the data, we doubted the validity of the entire experiment. also N.

abet V./帮助，鼓励/aid, usually in doing something wrong; encourage. She was unwilling to abet him in the swindle he had planned.

abeyance N./悬而未决/suspended action. The deal was held in abeyance until her arrival.

abhor V./憎恨/detest; hate. She abhorred all forms of bigotry. abhorrence, N.

abject ADJ./穷困潦倒，卑微/wretched; lacking pride. On the streets of New York the homeless live in abject poverty, huddling in doorways to find shelter from the wind.

abjure V./发誓放弃/renounce upon oath. He abjured his allegiance to the king. abjuration, N.

ablution N./洗/washing. His daily ablutions were accompanied by loud noises that he humorously labeled "Opera in the Bath."

abnegation N./批判，自我牺牲/repudiation; self-sacrifice. No act of abnegation was more pronounced than his refusal of any rewards for his discovery.

abolish V./废除/cancel; put an end to. The president of the college refused to abolish the physical education requirement. abolition, N.

abominable ADJ./可恶的，非常糟糕/detestable; extremely unpleasant; very bad. Mary liked John until she learned he was dating Susan; then she called him an abominable young man, with abominable taste in women.

aboriginal ADJ., N./原来的，土著的/being the first of its kind in a region; primitive; native. Her studies of the primitive art forms of the aboriginal Indians were widely reported in the scientific journals. aborigines, N.

abortive ADJ./不成功的，失败/unsuccessful; fruitless. Attacked by armed troops, the Chinese students had to abandon their abortive attempt to democratize Beijing peacefully. abort,V.

abrade V./磨损，侵蚀/wear away by friction; scrape; erode. The sharp rocks abraded the skin on her legs, so she put iodine on her abrasions.

abrasive ADJ./摩擦的，粗糙的，研磨剂/rubbing away; tending to grind down. Just as abrasive cleaning powders can wear away a shiny finish, abrasive remarks can wear away a listener's patience. abrade,V.

abridge V./删节，节选/condense or shorten. Because the publishers felt the public wanted a shorter version of War and Peace, they proceeded to abridge the novel.

abrogate ADJ./废除/abolish. He intended to abrogate the decree issued by his predecessor.

abscond V./隐匿，逃避，躲债/depart secretly and hide. The teller who absconded with the bonds went uncaptured until someone recognized him from his photograph on "America's Most Wanted."

absolute ADJ./完全的，肯定的/complete; totally unlimited; certain. Although the King of Siam was an absolute monarch, he did not want to behead his unfaithful wife without absolute evidence of her infidelity.

absolve V./谅解/pardon (an offense). The father confessor absolved him of his sins. absolution, N.

absorb V./吸收，合并/assimilate or incorporate; suck or drink up; wholly engage. During the nineteenth century, America absorbed hordes of immigrants, turning them into productive citizens. Can Huggies diapers absorb more liquid than Pampers can? This question does not absorb me; instead, it bores me. absorption, N.

abstain V./控制，限制（自己）/refrain; hold oneself back voluntarily from an action or practice. After considering the effect of alcohol on his athletic performance, he decided to abstain from drinking while he trained for the race. abstinence, N.

abstemious ADJ./节制（饮食），调节/sparing in eating and drinking; temperate. Concerned whether her vegetarian son's abstemious diet provided him with sufficient protein, the worried mother pressed food on him.

abstinence N./节制（饮食）/restraint from eating or drinking. The doctor recommended total abstinence from salted foods. abstain,V.

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Barron’s SAT I Basic Word List

abstract ADJ./抽象的/theoretical; not concrete; nonrepresentational. To him, hunger was an abstract concept; he had never missed a meal.

abstruse ADJ./难以理解的，复杂的/obscure; profound; difficult to understand. She carries around abstruse works of philosophy, not because she understands them but because she wants her friends to think she does.

abundant ADJ./丰富，富足/plentiful; possessing riches or resources. At his immigration interview, Ivan listed his abundant reasons for coming to America: the hope of religious freedom, the prospect of employment, the promise of a more abundant life.

abusive ADJ./粗俗的侮辱，对身体有害的/coarsely insulting; physically harmful. An abusive parent damages a child both mentally and physically.

abut V./毗邻/border upon; adjoin. Where our estates abut, we must build a fence.

abysmal ADJ./无底的/bottomless. His arrogance is exceeded only by his abysmal ignorance.

abyss N./深渊，深坑，无底洞/enormous chasm; vast bottomless pit. Darth Vader seized the evil emperor and hurled him down into the abyss,

academic ADJ./学术的/related to a school; not practical or directly useful. The dean's talk about reforming the college admissions system was only an academic discussion: we knew little, if anything, would change.

accede V./同意/agree. If I accede to this demand for blackmail, I am afraid that I will be the victim of future demands.

accelerate V./加速/move faster. In our science class, we learn how falling bodies accelerate.

accentuate V./强调，重音/emphasize; stress. If you accentuate the positive and eliminate the negative, you may wind up with an overoptimistic view of the world.

accessible ADJ./可得到的/easy to approach; obtainable. We asked our guide whether the ruins were accessible on foot.

accessory N./附件/additional object; useful but not essential thing. She bought an attractive handbag as an accessory for her dress. also ADJ.

acclaim V./赞扬，表扬/applaud; announce with great approval. The NBC sportscasters acclaimed every American victory in the Olympics and decried every American defeat. also N.

acclimate V./适应/adjust to climate. One of the difficulties of our present air age is the need of travelers to acclimate themselves to their new and often strange environments.

acclivity N./上山的陡坡/sharp upslope of a hill. The car would not go up the acclivity in high gear.

accolade N./出名的大奖/award of merit. In Hollywood, an "Oscar" is the highest accolade.

accommodate V./招待，食宿，适应/oblige or help someone; adjust or bring into harmony; adapt. Mitch always did everything possible to accommodate his elderly relatives, from driving them to medical appointments to helping them with paperwork. (secondary meaning)

accomplice N./共犯，同伙/partner in crime. Because he had provided the criminal with the lethal weapon, he was arrested as an accomplice in the murder.

accord N./一致/agreement. She was in complete accord with the verdict.

accost V./搭讪，邂逅/approach and speak first to a person. When the two young men accosted me, I was frightened because I thought they were going to attack me.

accoutre V./装备/equip. The fisherman was accoutred with the best that the sporting goods store could supply. accoutrements, N.

accretion N./增长/growth; increase. The accretion of wealth marked the family's rise in power.

accrue V./附带的/come about by addition. You must pay the interest that has accrued on your debt as well as the principal sum. accrual, N.

acerbity N./尖酸的（语气，脾气）/bitterness of speech and temper. The meeting of the United Nations General Assembly was marked with such acerbity that informed sources held out little hope of reaching any useful settlement of the problem. acerbic,ADJ.

acetic ADJ./酸的/vinegary. The salad had an exceedingly acetic flavor.

acidulous ADJ./酸的；尖锐，刻薄/slightly sour; sharp, caustic. James was unpopular because of his sarcastic and acidulous remarks.

acknowledge V./认可，承认/recognize; admit. Although I acknowledge that the Beatles' tunes sound pretty dated today, I still prefer them to the "gangsta rap" songs my brothers play.

acme N./顶点/top; pinnacle. His success in this role marked the acme of his career as an actor.

acoustics N./声学的/science of sound; quality that makes a room easy or hard to hear in. Carnegie Hall is liked by music lovers because of its fine acoustics.

acquiesce V./默许/assent; agree without protesting. Although she appeared to acquiesce to her employer's suggestions, I could tell she had reservations about the changes he wanted made. acquiescence, N.; acquiescent,ADJ.

acquire V./获取/obtain; get. Frederick Douglass was determined to acquire an education despite his master's efforts to prevent his doing so.

acquittal N./无罪开释/deliverance from a charge. His acquittal by the jury surprised those who had thought him guilty. acquit,V.

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Barron’s SAT I Basic Word List

acrid ADJ./尖锐；尖酸/sharp; bitterly pungent. The acrid odor of burnt gunpowder filled the room after the pistol had been fired.

acrimonious ADJ./挖苦的，尖酸的（语言，行为）/bitter in words or manner. The candidate attacked his opponent in highly acrimonious terms. acrimony,

acrophobia N./恐高症/fear of heights. A born salesman, he could convince someone with a bad case of acrophobia to sign up for a life membership in a sky-diving club.

actuarial ADJ./保险精算的，精算/calculating; pertaining to insurance statistics. According to recent actuarial tables, life expectancy is greater today than it was a century ago.

actuate V./推动，促使/motivate. I fail to understand what actuated you to reply to this letter so nastily.

acuity N./尖锐/sharpness. In time his youthful acuity of vision failed him, and he needed glasses.

acumen N./思想敏锐/mental keenness. His business acumen helped him to succeed where others had failed.

acute ADJ./精明，敏锐，聪明/quickly perceptive; keen; brief and severe. The acute young doctor realized immediately that the gradual deterioration of her patient's once acute hearing was due to a chronic illness, not an acute one.

adage N./格言，谚语/wise saying; proverb. There is much truth in the old adage about fools and their money.

adamant ADJ./坚硬，不动摇/hard; inflexible. Bronson played the part of a revenge-driven man, adamant in his determination to punish the criminals who destroyed his family. adamancy, N.

adapt V./改变/alter; modify. Some species of animals have become extinct because they could not adapt to a changing environment.

addendum N./附加，补充/an addition or supplement. As an addendum to the minutes, let me point out that Susan moved to appoint Kathy and Arthur to the finance committee.

addiction N./瘾，依赖/compulsive, habitual need. His addiction to drugs caused his friends much grief.

addle V./使变疯，腐坏/muddle; drive crazy; become rotten. This idiotic plan is confusing enough to addle anyone. addled,ADJ.

address V./发表（演讲），处理，讨论/direct a speech to; deal with or discuss. Due to address the convention in July, Brown planned to address the issue of low-income housing in his speech.

adept ADJ./擅长于/expert at. She was adept at the fine art of irritating people. also N.

adhere V./黏着/stick fast. I will adhere to this opinion until proof that I am wrong is presented. adhesion, N.

adherent N./支持者，追随者/supporter; follower. In the wake of the scandal, the senator's one-time adherents quickly deserted him.

adjacent ADJ./邻近的，毗邻的/adjoining; neighboring; close by. Philip's best friend Jason lived only four houses down the block, close but not immediately adjacent.

adjunct N./无用的附加物/something added on or attached (generally nonessential or inferior). Although I don't absolutely need a second computer,

I plan to buy a laptop to serve as an adjunct to my desktop model.

admonish V./警告，训斥/warn; reprove. He admonished his listeners to change their wicked ways. admonition, N.

admonition N./警告/warning. After the student protesters repeatedly rejected Chairman Deng's admonitions, the government issued an ultimatum: either the students would end the demonstration at once or the soldiers would fire on the crowd.

adorn V./装饰/decorate. Wall paintings and carved statues adorned the temple. adornment, N.

adroit ADJ./熟练，有技巧/skillful. His adroit handling of the delicate situation pleased his employers.

Word List 2 adulation-amend

adulation N./奉承，恭维/flattery; admiration. The rock star thrived on the adulation of his groupies and yes men. adulate,V.

adulterate V./掺杂/make impure by adding inferior or tainted substances. It is a crime to adulterate foods without informing the buyer; when consumers learned that Beech-Nut had adulterated their apple juice by mixing it with water, they protested vigorously.

advent N./到来，出现/arrival. Most Americans were unaware of the advent of the Nuclear Age until the news of Hiroshima reached them.

adventitious ADJ./偶然/accidental; casual. He found this adventitious meeting with his friend extremely fortunate.

adversary N./对手/opponent. The young wrestler struggled to defeat his adversary.

adverse ADJ./讨厌，敌意/unfavorable; hostile. The recession had a highly adverse effect on Father's investment portfolio: he lost so much money that he could no longer afford the butler and the upstairs maid. adversity, N.

adversity N./贫困，不幸/poverty; misfortune. We must learn to meet adversity gracefully.

advocacy N./支持，辩护/support; active pleading on something's behalf. No threats could dissuade Bishop Desmond Tutu from his advocacy of the human rights of black South Africans.

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Barron’s SAT I Basic Word List

advocate V./辩护/urge; plead for. The abolitionists advocated freedom for the slaves. also N.

aerie N./猛禽的窝/nest of a large bird of prey (eagle, hawk). The mother eagle swooped down on the unwitting rabbit and bore it off to her aerie high in the Rocky Mountains.

aesthetic ADJ./审美的/artistic; dealing with or capable of appreciation of the beautiful. The beauty of Tiffany's stained glass appealed to Esther's aesthetic sense. aesthete, N.

affable ADJ./平易近人的/easily approachable; warmly friendly. Accustomed to cold, aloof supervisors, Nicholas was amazed at how affable his new employer was.

affected ADJ./假的，做作的/artificial; pretended; assumed in order to impress. His affected mannerisms-his "Harvard" accent, his air of boredom, his use of obscure foreign wordsbugged us: he acted as if he thought he was too good for his old high school friends. affectation, N.

affidavit N./宣誓书/written statement made under oath. The court refused to accept his statement unless he presented it in the form of an affidavit.

affiliation N./联合，加入/joining; associating with. His affiliation with the political party was of short duration for he soon disagreed with his colleagues.

affinity N./亲缘关系/kinship. She felt an affinity with all who suffered; their pains were her pains.

affirmation N./正面肯定，确认/positive assertion; confirmation; solemn pledge by one who refuses to take an oath. Despite Tom's affirmations of innocence, Aunt Polly still suspected he had eaten the pie.

affix V./增加，附于/fasten; attach; add on. First the registrar had to affix her signature to the license; then she had to affix her official seal.

affliction N./痛苦/state of distress; cause of suffering. Even in the midst of her affliction, Elizabeth tried to keep up the spirits of those around her.

affluence N./富足，财富/abundance; wealth. Foreigners are amazed by the affluence and luxury of the American way of life.

affront N./侮辱，冒犯；蓄意蔑视/insult; offense; intentional act of disrespect. When Mrs. Proudie was not seated beside the Archdeacon at the head table, she took it as a personal affront and refused to speak to her hosts for a week. also V.

aftermath N./后果，结果/consequences; outcome; upshot. People around the world wondered what the aftermath of China's violent suppression of the student protests would be.

agenda N./议程/items of business at a meeting. We had so much difficulty agreeing upon an agenda that there was very little time for the meeting.

agent N./方法，工具；代表/means or instrument; personal representative; person acting in an official capacity. °I will be the agent of America's destruction," proclaimed the beady-eyed villain, whose agent had gotten him the role. With his face, he could never have played the part of the hero, a heroic F.B.I. agent.

agglomeration N./聚集，累积/collection; heap. It took weeks to assort the agglomeration of miscellaneous items she had collected on her trip.

aggrandize V./增加，加强/increase or intensify. The history of the past quarter century illustrates how a President may aggrandize his power to act aggressively in international affairs without considering the wishes of Congress.

aggregate V./收集，聚集/gather; accumulate. Before the Wall Street scandals, dealers in so-called junk bonds managed to aggregate great wealth in short periods of time. aggregation, N.

aggressor N./攻击者/attacker. Before you punish both boys for fighting, see whether you can determine which one was the aggressor.

aghast ADJ./吓坏了的/horrified. He was aghast at the nerve of the speaker who had insulted his host.

agility N./敏捷/nimbleness. The agility of the acrobat amazed and thrilled the audience.

agitate V./激怒，打扰/stir up; disturb. Her fiery remarks agitated the already angry mob.

agnostic N./无神论者/one who is skeptical of the existence or knowability of a god or any ultimate reality. Agnostics say we can neither prove nor disprove the existence of god; we simply just can't know. also ADJ.

agrarian ADJ./耕地的，耕种的/pertaining to land or its cultivation. The country is gradually losing its agrarian occupation and turning more and more to an industrial point of view.

alacrity N./欢快的情绪/cheerful promptness. Phil and Dave were raring to get off to the mountains; they packed up their ski gear and climbed into the van with alacrity.

alchemy N./炼金术士/medieval chemistry. The changing of baser metals into gold was the goal of the students of alchemy. alchemist, N.

alcove N./小隔间，壁橱/nook; small, recessed section of a room. Though their apartment lacked a full-scale dining room, an alcove adjacent to the living room made an adequate breakfast nook for the young couple.

alias N./别名/an assumed name. John Smith's alias was Bob Jones. also AD V.

alienate V./孤立，树敌/make hostile; separate. Her attempts to alien ate the two friends failed because they had complete faith in each other.

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Barron’s SAT I Basic Word List

alimentary ADJ./营养的/supplying nourishment. The alimentary canal in our bodies is so named because digestion of foods occurs there. When asked for the name of the digestive tract, Sherlock Holmes replied, "Alimentary, my dear Watson."

alimony N./（离婚后的）生活费，抚养费/payment by a husband to his divorced wife (or vice versa). Mrs. Jones was awarded $200 monthly alimony by the court when she was divorced from her husband.

allay V./平静下来，（使）冷静下来/calm; pacify. The crew tried to allay the fears of the passengers by announcing that the fire had been controlled.

allege V./断言/state without proof. Although it is alleged that she has worked for the enemy, she denies the allegation and, legally, we can take no action against her without proof. allegation, N.

allegiance N./忠诚/loyalty. Not even a term in prison could shake Lech Walesa's allegiance to Solidarity, the Polish trade union he had helped to found.

allegory N./寓言/story in which characters are used as symbols; fable. Pilgrim's Progress is an allegory of the temptations and victories of man's soul.

allegorical,ADJ.

alleviate V./解脱，释放，释然/relieve. This should alleviate the pain; if it does not, we shall have to use stronger drugs.

alliteration N./头韵/repetition of beginning sound in poetry. "The furrow followed free" is an example of alliteration.

allocate V./分配，制定/assign. Even though the Red Cross had allo cated a large sum for the relief of the sufferers of the disaster, many people perished.

alloy N./合金/a mixture as of metals. Alloys of gold are used more frequently than the pure metal.

alloy V./混合，中和/mix; make less pure; lessen or moderate. Our delight at the Yankees' victory was a lloy e d by our concern for Dwight Gooden, who injured his pitching arm in the game.

allude V./暗指/refer indirectly. Try not to mention divorce in Jack's presence because he will think you are alluding to his marital problems with Jill.

allure V./诱惑，引诱/entice; attract. Allured by the song of the sirens, the helmsman steered the ship toward the reef. also N.

allusion N./暗指，暗示/indirect reference. When Amanda said to the ticket scalper, "One hundred bucks? What do you want, a pound of flesh?," she was making an allusion to Shakespeare's M e rc ha nt of Ve nice.

aloft ADV./向上/upward. The sailor climbed aloft into the rigging. To get into a loft bed, you have to climb aloft.

aloof ADJ./分离，保留/apart; reserved. Shy by nature, she remained aloof while all the rest conversed.

altercation N./大声争吵，激烈争论/noisy quarrel; heated dispute. In that hottempered household, no meal ever came to a peaceful conclusion; the inevitable altercation might even end in blows.

altruistic ADJ./无私的，关心他人的/unselfishly generous; concerned for others. In providing tutorial assistance and college scholarships for hundreds of economically disadvantaged youths, Eugene Lang performed a truly altruistic deed. altruism, N.

amalgamate V./结合，整合/combine; unite in one body. The unions will attempt to amalgamate their groups into one national body.

amass V./收集/collect. The miser's aim is to amass and hoard as much gold as possible.

ambidextrous ADJ./双手都灵巧/capable of using either hand with equal ease. A switch-hitter in baseball should be naturally ambidextrous.

ambience N./环境/environment; atmosphere. She went to the restaurant not for the food but for the ambience.

ambiguous ADJ./模棱两可/unclear or doubtful in meaning. His ambiguous instructions misled us; we did not know which road to take. ambiguity, N.

ambivalence N./矛盾的观点或情绪/the state of having contradictory or conflicting emotional attitudes. Torn between loving her parents one minute and hating them the next, she was confused by the ambivalence of her feelings. ambivalent,ADJ.

amble N./漫步，缓行/moving at an easy pace. When she first mounted the horse, she was afraid to urge the animal to go faster than a gentle amble. also V.

ambulatory ADJ./可移动的，不固定/able to walk; not bedridden. Juan was a highly ambulatory patient; not only did he refuse to be confined to bed, but he insisted on riding his skateboard up and down the halls.

ameliorate V./提高/improve. Many social workers have attempted to ameliorate the conditions of people living in the slums.

amenable ADJ./有服从义务的，随时服从的/readily managed; willing to be led. He was amenable to any suggestions that came from those he looked up to; he resented advice from his inferiors.

amend V./修订，修改，变更/correct; change, generally for the better. Hoping to amend his condition, he left Vietnam for the United States.

Word List 3 amenities-apostate

amenities N./令人愉快的，礼貌的/convenient features; courtesies. In addition to the customary amenities for the business traveler-fax machines, modems, a health club-the hotel offers the services of a butler versed in the social amenities.

amiable ADJ./可爱的，友好的，惬意的/agreeable; lovable; warmly friendly. In Little Women, Beth is the amiable daughter whose loving disposition endears her to all who know her.

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Barron’s SAT I Basic Word List

amicable ADJ./温和的，友好礼貌的/politely friendly; not quarrelsome. Beth's sister Jo is the hot-tempered tomboy who has a hard time maintaining amicable relations with those around her. Jo's quarrel with her friend Laurie finally reaches an amicable settlement, but not because Jo turns amiable overnight.

amiss ADJ./错误/wrong; faulty. Seeing her frown, he wondered if anything were amiss. also AD V.

amity N./友谊/friendship. Student exchange programs such as the Experiment in International Living were established to promote international amity.

amnesia N./失忆，健忘/loss of memory. Because she was suffering from amnesia, the police could not get the young girl to identify herself.

amnesty N./原谅/pardon. When his first child was born, the king granted amnesty to all in prison.

amoral ADJ./不道德的/nonmoral. The amoral individual lacks a code of ethics; he cannot tell right from wrong. The immoral person can tell right from wrong; he chooses to do something he knows is wrong.

amorous ADJ./爱情的/moved by sexual love; loving. "Love them and leave them" was the motto of the amorous Don Juan.

amorphous ADJ./无形的，不成形的/formless; lacking shape or definition. As soon as we have decided on our itinerary, we shall send you a copy; right now, our plans are still amorphous.

amphibian ADJ./两栖的/able to live both on land and in water. Frogs are classified as amphibian. also N.

amphitheater N./椭圆形的剧院，斗兽场/oval building with tiers of seats. The spectators in the amphitheater cheered the gladiators.

ample ADJ./丰富的，富足的/abundant. Bond had ample opportunity to escape. Why did he let us catch him?

amplify V./放大/broaden or clarify by expanding; intensify; make stronger. Charlie Brown tried to amplify his remarks, but he was drowned out by jeers from the audience. Lucy was smarter: she used a loudspeaker to amplify her voice.

amputate V./截肢，切除/cut off part of body; prune. When the doctors had to amputate the young man's leg to prevent the spread of cancer, he did not let the loss of a limb keep him from participating in sports.

amulet N./护身符/charm; talisman. Around her neck she wore the amulet that the witch doctor had given her.

anachronistic ADJ./时代错误/having an error involving time in a story. The reference to clocks in Julius Caesar is anachronistic: clocks did not exist in Caesar's time. anachronism, N.

analgesic ADJ./止痛的/causing insensitivity to pain. The analgesic qualities of this lotion will provide temporary relief.

analogous ADJ./类似的/comparable. She called our attention to the things that had been done in an analogous situation and recommended that we do the same.

analogy N./类比，相似/similarity; parallelism. A well-known analogy compares the body's immune system with an army whose defending troops are the lymphocytes or white blood cells.

anarchist N./无政府主义者/person who seeks to overturn the established government; advocate of abolishing authority. Denying she was an anarchist, Katya maintained she wished only to make changes in our government, not to destroy it entirely. anarchy, N.

anarchy N./无政府主义/absence of governing body; state of disorder. The assassination of the leaders led to a period of anarchy.

anathema N./诅咒/solemn curse; someone or something regarded as a curse. The Ayatolla Khomeini heaped anath ema upon "the Great Satan," that is, the United States. To the Ayatolla, America and the West were anathema; he loathed the democratic nations, cursing them in his dying words. anathematize,V.

ancestry N./祖先/family descent. David can trace his ancestry as far back as the seventeenth century, when one of his ancestors was a court trumpeter somewhere in Germany. ancestral,ADJ.

anchor V./固定；锚/secure or fasten firmly; be fixed in place. We set the post in concrete to anchor it in place. anchorage, N.

ancillary ADJ./辅助的/serving as an aid or accessory; auxiliary. In an ancillary capacity, Doctor Watson was helpful; however, Holmes could not trust the good doctor to solve a perplexing case on his own.

also N.

anecdote N./奇闻轶事/short account of an amusing or interesting event. Rather than make concrete proposals for welfare reform, President Reagan told anecdotes about poor people who became wealthy despite their impoverished backgrounds.

anemia N./贫血/condition in which blood lacks red corpuscles. The doctor ascribes her tiredness to anemia. anemic,ADJ.

anesthetic N./麻醉药/substance that removes sensation with or without loss of consciousness. His monotonous voice acted like an anesthetic; his audience was soon asleep. anesthesia, N.

anguish N./极度痛苦/acute pain; extreme suffering. Visiting the site of the explosion, the governor wept to see the anguish of the victims and their families.

angular ADJ./有尖角的，瘦骨嶙峋的/sharp-cornered; stiff in manner. Mr. Spock's features, though angular, were curiously attractive, in a Vulcan way.

animated ADJ./活跃的，有生气的/lively; spirited. Jim Carrey's facial expressions are highly animated: when he played Ace Ventura, he looked practically rubber-faced.

animosity N./仇恨/active enmity. He incurred the animosity of the ruling class because he advocated limitations of their power.

animus N./敌意/hostile feeling or intent. The animus of the speaker became obvious to all when he began to indulge in sarcastic and insulting remarks.

annals N./记录，历史/records; history. In the annals of this period, we find no mention of democratic movements.

annex V./接手/attach; take possession of. Mexico objected to the United States' attempts to annex the territory that later became the state of Texas.

annihilate V./毁灭，破坏/destroy. The enemy in its revenge tried to annihilate the entire population.

annotate V./评论，注释/comment; make explanatory notes. In the appendix to the novel, the editor sought to annotate many of the author's more esoteric references.

annuity N./年金，养老金/yearly allowance. The annuity he setup with the insurance company supplements his social security benefits so that he can live very comfortably without working.

annul v./避免/make void. The parents of the eloped couple tried to annul the marriage.

anoint V./神圣化/consecrate. The prophet Samuel anointed David with oil, crowning him king of Israel.

anomalous ADJ./不正常的，变态的/abnormal; irregular. He was placed in the anomalous position of seeming to approve procedures which he despised.

*anomaly N./不正常/irregularity. A bird that cannot fly is an anomaly.

anonymity N./匿名/state of being nameless; anonymousness. The donor of the gift asked the college not to mention him by name; the dean readily agreed to respect his anonymity.

anonymous ADJ./匿名的/having no name. She tried to ascertain the identity of the writer of the anonymous letter.

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Barron’s SAT I Basic Word List

antagonism N./反抗，敌对/hostility; active resistance. Barry showed his antagonism toward his new stepmother by ignoring her whenever she tried talking to him. antagonistic,ADJ.

antecede V./先于/precede. The invention of the radiotelegraph anteceded the development of television by a quarter of a century.

antecedents N./历史环境；历史背景/preceding events or circumstances that influence what comes later; ancestors or early background. Susi Bechhofer's ignorance of her Jewish background had its antecedents in the chaos of World War II. Smuggled out of Germany and adopted by a Christian family, she knew nothing of her birth and antecedents until she was reunited with her family in 1989.

antediluvian ADJ./远古，上古，及其久远/antiquated; extremely ancient. Looking at his great-aunt's antique furniture, which must have been cluttering up her attic since the time of Noah's flood, the young heir exclaimed, "Heavens! How positively antediluvian!"

anthem N./圣歌，赞美诗/song of praise or patriotism. Let us now all join in singing the national anthem.

anthology N./选集/book of literary selections by various authors. This anthology of science fiction was compiled by the late Isaac Asimo v. anthologize,V.

anthropocentric ADJ./人类中心说/regarding human beings as the center of the universe. Without considering any evidence that might challenge his anthropocentric viewpoint, Hector categorically maintained that dolphins could not be as intelligent as men. anthropocentrism, N.

anthropoid ADJ./类人的/manlike. The gorilla is the strongest of the anthropoid animals. also N.

anthropologist N./人类学家/a student of the history and science of mankind. Anthropologists have discovered several relics of prehistoric man in this area.

anthropomorphic ADJ./人形的/having human form or characteristics. Primitive religions often have deities with anthropomorphic characteristics. anthropomorphism, N.

anticlimax N./反高潮，突降/letdown in thought or emotion. After the fine performance in the first act, the rest of the play was an anticlimax. anticlimactic,ADJ.

antidote N./解药/medicine to counteract a poison or disease. When Marge's child accidentally swallowed some cleaning fluid, the local poison control hotline instructed Marge how to administer the antidote.

antipathy N./反对，厌恶/aversion; dislike. Tom's extreme antipathy for disputes keeps him from getting into arguments with his temperamental wife. Noise in any form is antipathetic to him.

Among his other antipathies are honking cars, boom boxes, and heavy metal rock.

antiquated ADJ./过时的，陈旧的/old-fashioned; obsolete. Philip had grown so accustomed to editing his papers on word processors that he thought typewriters were too antiquated for him to use.

antiseptic N./抗菌物/substance that prevents infection. It is advisable to apply an antiseptic to any wound, no matter how slight or insignificant. also ADJ.

antithesis N./对立面/contrast; direct opposite of or to. This tyranny was the antithesis of all that he had hoped for, and he fought it with all his strength.

apathy N./漠不关心/lack of caring; indifference. A firm believer in democratic government, she could not understand the apathy of people who never bothered to vote. apathetic,ADJ.

ape V./模仿/imitate or mimic. He was suspended for a week because he had aped the principal in front of the whole school.

aperture N./洞，穴，孔/opening; hole. She discovered a small aperture in the wall, through which the insects had entered the room.

apex N./高点，顶点，高潮/tip; summit; climax. He was at the apex of his career: he had climbed to the top of the heap.

aphasia N./失声/loss of speech due to injury or illness. After the automobile accident, the victim had periods of aphasia when he could not speak at all or could only mumble incoherently.

aphorism N./格言，警句，谚语/pithy maxim. An aphorism differs from an adage in that it is more philosophical or scientific. "The proper study of mankind is man" is an aphorism. "There's no smoke without a fire" is an adage. aphoristic,ADJ.

apiary N./蜂房/a place where bees are kept. Although he spent many hours daily in the apiary, he was very seldom stung by a bee.

aplomb N./沉着，垂直/poise; assurance. Gwen's aplomb in handling potentially embarrassing moments was legendary around the office; when one of her clients broke a piece of her best crystal, she coolly picked up her own goblet and hurled it into the fireplace.

apocalyptic ADJ./启示的，启示录的/prophetic; pertaining to revelations. The crowd jeered at the street preacher's apocalyptic predictions of doom. The Apocalypse or Book of Revelations of Saint John prophesies the end of the world as we know it and foretells marvels and prodigies that signal the coming doom.

apocryphal ADJ./假的，捏造的/untrue; made up. To impress his friends, Tom invented apocryphal tales of his adventures in the big city.

apogee N./顶点/highest point. When the moon in its orbit is farthest away from the earth, it is at its apogee.

apolitical ADJ./不问政治的/having an aversion or lack of concern for political affairs. It was hard to remain apolitical during the Vietnam War; even people who generally ignored public issues felt they had to take political stands.

apologist N./辩护者/one who writes in defense of a cause or institution. Rather than act as an apologist for the current regime in Beijing and defend its brutal actions, the young diplomat decided to defect to the West.

apostate N./变节者，脱党者，叛徒/one who abandons his religious faith or political beliefs. Because he switched from one party to another, his former friends shunned him as an apostate. apostasy, N.

Word List 4 apotheosis-astigmatism

apotheosis N./神化，典范/elevation to godhood; an ideal example of something. The apotheosis of a Roman emperor was designed to insure his eternal greatness: people would worship at his altar forever. The hero of the musical How to Succeed in Business ... was the apotheosis of yuppieness: he was the perfect upwardly-bound young man on the make.

appall V./使惊慌，震惊/dismay; shock. We were appalled by the horrifying conditions in the city's jails.

apparatus N./器械，设备/equipment. Firefighters use specialized apparatus to fight fires.

apparition N./鬼，幽灵/ghost; phantom. On the castle battlements, an apparition materialized and spoke to Hamlet, warning him of his uncle's treachery. In Ghostbusters, hordes of apparitions materialized, only to be dematerialized by the specialized apparatus wielded by Bill Murray.

appease V./平静，安抚/pacify or soothe; relieve. Tom and Jody tried to appease the crying baby by offering him one toy after another, but he would not calm down until they appeased his hunger by giving him a bottle.

appellation N./名字，标题/name; title. Macbeth was startled when the witches greeted him with an incorrect appellation. Why did they call him Thane of Cawdor, he wondered, when the holder of that title still lived?

append V./追加，附上/attach. When you append a bibliography to a text, you have just created an appendix.

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Barron’s SAT I Basic Word List

application N./勤奋的付出/diligent attention. Pleased with how well Tom had whitewashed the fence, Aunt Polly praised him for his application to the task. apply, V. (secondary meaning)

apposite ADJ./合适的/appropriate; fitting. He was always able to find the apposite phrase, the correct expression for every occasion.

appraise V./估价/estimate value of. It is difficult to appraise the value of old paintings; it is easier to call them priceless. appraisal, N.

appreciate V./感激；增值；赏识/be thankful for; increase in worth; be thoroughly conscious of. Little Orphan Annie truly appreciated the stocks Daddy Warbucks gave her, which appreciated in value considerably over the years.

apprehend V./逮捕；惧怕；领会/arrest (a criminal); dread; perceive. The police will apprehend the culprit and convict him before long.

apprehension N./害怕/fear. His nervous glances at the passersby on the deserted street revealed his apprehension.

apprenticeship N./学徒身份/time spent as a novice learning a trade from a skilled worker. As a child, Pip had thought it would be wonderful to work as Joe's apprentice; now he hated his apprenticeship and scorned the blacksmith's trade.

apprise V./告诉/inform. When he was apprised of the dangerous weather conditions, he decided to postpone his trip.

approbation N./同意，批准/approval. She looked for some sign of approbation from her parents, hoping her good grades would please them.

appropriate V./获得；挪用，据为己有/acquire; take possession of for one's own use. The ranch owners appropriated the lands that had originally been set aside for the Indians' use.

apropos PREP./关于/with reference to; regarding. I find your remarks apropos of the present situation timely and pertinent. also ADJ. and AD V.

aptitude N./能力，才能/fitness; talent. The counselor gave him an aptitude test before advising him about the career he should follow.

aquatic ADJ./与水有关系的/pertaining to water. Paul enjoyed aquatic sports such as scuba diving and snorkeling.

aquiline ADJ./弯曲的，钩状的/curved, hooked. He can be recognized by his aquiline nose, curved like the beak of the eagle.

arable ADJ./可耕种的/fit for growing crops. The first settlers wrote home glowing reports of the New World, praising its vast acres of arable land ready for the plow.

arbiter N./仲裁者/a person with power to decide a dispute; judge. As an arbiter in labor disputes, she has won the confidence of the workers and the employers.

arbitrary ADJ./反复无常；残暴；随机的/capricious; randomly chosen; tyrannical. Tom's arbitrary dismissal angered him; his boss had no reason to fire him. He threw an arbitrary assortment of clothes into his suitcase and headed off, not caring where he went.

arbitrator N./仲裁者/judge. Because the negotiating teams had been unable to reach a contract settlement, an outside arbitrator was called upon to mediate the dispute between union and management. arbitration, N.

arboretum N./植物园/place where different tree varieties are exhibited. Walking along the tree-lined paths of the arboretum, Rita noted poplars, firs, and some particularly fine sycamores.

arcade N./拱廊/a covered passageway, usually lined with shops. The arcade was popular with shoppers because it gave them protection from the summer sun and the winter rain.

arcane ADJ./秘密；谜/secret; mysterious; known only to the initiated. Secret brotherhoods surround themselves with arcane rituals and trappings to mystify outsiders. So do doctors. Consider the arcane terminology they use and the impression they try to give that what is arcane to us is obvious to them.

archaeology N./考古学/study of artifacts and relics of early mankind. The professor of archaeology headed an expedition to the Gobi Desert in search of ancient ruins.

archaic ADJ./过时的/antiquated. "Methinks," "thee," and "thou" are archaic words that are no longer part of our normal vocabulary.

archetype N./原形/prototype; primitive pattern. The Brooklyn Bridge was the archetype of the many spans that now connect Manhattan with Long Island and New Jersey.

archipelago N./群岛/group of closely located islands. When Gauguin looked at the map and saw the archipelagoes in the South Seas, he longed to visit them.

archives N./档案；档案馆/public records; place where public records are kept. These documents should be part of the archives so that historians may be able to evaluate them in the future.

ardent ADJ./激烈的；热心肠的；有激情的/intense; passionate; zealous. Katya's ardor was contagious; soon all her fellow demonstrators were busily making posters and handing out flyers, inspired by her ardent enthusiasm for the cause. ardor, N.

arduous ADJ./努力；奋发/hard; strenuous. Her arduous efforts had sapped her energy.

aria N./清唱剧/operatic solo. At her Metropolitan Opera audition, Marian Anderson sang an aria from Norma.

arid ADJ./荒芜的/dry; barren. The cactus has adapted to survive in an arid environment.

aristocracy N./贵族/hereditary nobility; privileged class. Americans have mixed feelings about hereditary aristocracy. we say all men are created equal, but we describe particularly outstanding people as natural aristocrats.

armada N./舰队/fleet of warships. Queen Elizabeth's navy defeated the mighty armada that threatened the English coast.

aromatic ADJ./芬芳的/fragrant. Medieval sailing vessels brought aromatic herbs from China to Europe.

arousal N./觉醒；激励/awakening; provocation (of a response). On arousal, Papa was always grumpy as a bear. The children tiptoed around the house, fearing they would arouse his anger by waking him up.

arraign V./传讯；责问/charge in court; indict. After his indictment by the Grand Jury, the accused man was arraigned in the County Criminal Court.

array V./排列；整理/marshal; draw up in order. His actions were bound to array public sentiment against him. also N.

array V./衣服；穿着，装饰/clothe; adorn. She liked to watch her mother array herself in her finest clothes before going out for the evening. also N.

arrears N./欠债/being in debt. He was in arrears with his payments on the car.

arrest V./阻止；引起注意；吸引/stop or slow down; catch someone's attention. Slipping, the trapeze artist plunged from the heights until a safety net luckily arrested his fall. This near-disaster arrested the crowd's attention.

arrogance N./傲慢，骄傲/pride; haughtiness. Convinced that Emma thought she was better than anyone else in the class, Ed rebuked her for her arrogance.

arroyo N./干枯的河床/gully. Until the heavy rains of the past spring, this arroyo had been a dry bed.

arsenal N./军火库/storage place for military equipment. People are forbidden to smoke in the arsenal for fear that a stray spark might setoff the munitions stored there.

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Barron’s SAT I Basic Word List

articulate ADJ./有效的；独特的/effective; distinct. Her articulate presentation of the advertising campaign impressed her employers. also V.

artifact N./人造物品/object made by human beings, either handmade or mass-produced. Archaeologists debated the significance of the artifacts discovered in the ruins of Asia Minor but came to no conclusion about the culture they represented.

artifice N./技巧；欺骗/deception; trickery. The Trojan War proved to the Greeks that cunning and artifice were often more effective than military might.

artisan N./工匠/manually skilled worker; craftsman, as opposed to artist. A noted artisan, Arturo was known for the fine craftsmanship of his inlaid cabinets.

artless ADJ./坦诚；直率/without guile; open and honest. Sophisticated and cynical, Jack could not believe Jill was as artless and naive as she appeared to be.

ascendancy N./统治，控制/controlling influence; domination. Leaders of religious cults maintain ascendancy over their followers by methods that can verge on brainwashing.

ascertain V./确认，确证/find out for certain. Please ascertain her present address.

ascetic ADJ./苦行；禁欲/practicing self-denial; austere. The wealthy, self-indulgent young man felt oddly drawn to the strict, ascetic life led by members of some monastic orders. also N.

ascribe V./归因于；指派/refer; attribute; assign. I can ascribe no motive for her acts.

aseptic ADJ./抗菌的/preventing infection; having a cleansing effect. Hospitals succeeded in lowering the mortality rate as soon as they introduced aseptic conditions.

ashen ADJ./灰色/ash-colored. Her face was ashen with fear.

asinine ADJ./愚蠢/stupid. Your asinine remarks prove that you have not given this problem any serious consideration.

askance ADJ./瞄，不经意的斜视/with a sideways or indirect look. Looking askance at her questioner, she displayed her scorn.

askew ADJ./歪斜/crookedly; slanted; at an angle. When he placed his hat askew upon his head, his observers laughed.

asperity N./严酷，粗暴/sharpness (of temper). These remarks, spoken with asperity, stung the boys to whom they had been directed.

aspirant N./有志者；有抱负的人/seeker after position or status. Although I am an aspirant for public office, I am not willing to accept the dictates of the party bosses. also ADJ.

aspire V./热望；热心于/seek to attain; long for. Because he aspired to a career in professional sports, Philip enrolled in a graduate program in sports management. aspiration, N.

assail V./攻击/assault. He was assailed with questions after his lecture.

assay V./分析；化验/analyze; evaluate. When they assayed the ore, they found that they had discovered a very rich vein. also N.

assent V./同意；接受/agree; accept. It gives me great pleasure to assentto your request.

assert V./断言/declare or state with confidence; put oneself forward boldly. Malcolm asserted that if Reese quit acting like a wimp and asserted himself a bit more, he'd improve his chances of getting a date. assertion, N.

assessment N./评价，评估；判断/evaluation; judgment. Your SAT I score plays a part in the admission committee's assessment of you as an applicant.

assiduous ADJ./勤奋/diligent. He was assiduous, working at this task for weeks before he felt satisfied with his results. assiduity, N.

assimilate V./吸收；同化/absorb; cause to become homogeneous. The manner in which the United States was able to assimilate the hordes of immigrants during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries will always be a source of pride to Americans. The immigrants eagerly assimilated new ideas and customs; they soaked them up, the way plants soak up water.

*assuage V./减轻（痛苦）；满足（饥渴）；安慰/ease or lessen (pain); satisfy (hunger); soothe (anger). Jilted by Jane, Dick tried to assuage his heartache by indulging in ice cream. One gallon later, he had assuaged his appetite but not his grief.

assumption N./假定，设想；采取/something taken for granted; taking over or taking possession of. The young princess made the foolish assumption that the regent would not object to her assump-tion of power. assume,V.

assurance N./担保，保证；确定；自信/promise or pledge; certainty; self-confidence. When Guthrie gave Guinness his assurance that rehearsals were going well, he spoke with such assurance that Guinness felt relieved. assure,V.

asteroid N./小行星/small planet. Asteroids have become commonplace to the readers of interstellar travel stories in science fiction magazines.

astigmatism N./散光/eye defect that prevents proper focus. As soon as his parents discovered that the boy suffered from astigmatism, they took him to the optometrist for corrective glasses.

Word List 5 astral-barb

astral ADJ./关于星的/relating to the stars. She was amazed at the number of astral bodies the new telescope revealed.

astringent ADJ./收敛的/binding; causing contraction. The astringent quality of the unsweetened lemon juice made swallowing difficult. also N.

astronomical ADJ./巨大，广阔/enormously large or extensive. The government seems willing to spend astronomical sums on weapons development.

astute ADJ./聪明；敏锐/wise; shrewd; keen. The painter was an astute observer, noticing every tiny detail of her model's appearance and knowing exactly how important each one was.

asunder AD V./分裂，分开/into parts; apart. A fierce quarrel split the partnership asunder: the two partners finally sundered their connections because their points of view were poles asunder.

asylum N./庇护所/place of refuge or shelter; protection. The refugees sought asylum from religious persecution in a new land.

asymmetric A DJ./不对称/not identical on both sides of a dividing central line. Because one eyebrow was set markedly higher than the other, William's face had a particularly asymmetric appearance.

atavism N./反祖；隔代遗传/resemblance to remote ancestors rather than to parents; deformity returning after passage of two or more generations. The doctors ascribed the child's deformity to an atavism.

atheistic ADJ./无神论/denying the existence of God. His atheistic remarks shocked the religious worshippers.

atlas N./地图集/a bound volume of maps, charts, or tables. Embarrassed at being unable to distinguish Slovenia from Slovakia, George W. finally consulted an atlas.

atone V./补偿；偿还/make amends for; pay for. He knew no way in which he could atone for his brutal crime.

atrocity N./暴行/brutal deed. In time of war, many atrocities are committed by invading armies.

*atrophy N./萎缩，变得没用/wasting away. Polio victims need physiotherapy to prevent the atrophy of affected limbs. also V.

attain V./获得；完成/achieve or accomplish; gain. The scarecrow sought to attain one goal: he wished to obtain a brain.

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Barron’s SAT I Basic Word List

attentive ADJ./专心的，专注的；全神贯注/alert and watchful; considerate; thoughtful. Spellbound, the attentive audience watched the final game of the tennis match, never taking their eyes from the ball. A cold wind sprang up; Stan's attentive daughter slipped a sweater over his shoulders without distracting his attention from the game.

attenuate V./削弱/make thin; weaken. By withdrawing their forces, the generals hoped to attenuate the enemy lines.

attest V./证明/testify, bear witness. Having served as a member of the Grand Jury, I can attest that our system of indicting individuals is in need of improvement.

attribute N./属性/essential quality. His outstanding attribute was his kindness.

attribute V./归因于；解释/ascribe; explain. I attribute her success in science to the encouragement she received from her parents.

attrition N./裁员；磨损/gradual decrease in numbers; reduction in the work force without firing employees; wearing away of opposition by means of harassment. In the 1960s urban churches suffered from attrition as members moved from the cities to the suburbs. Rather than fire staff members, church leaders followed a policy of attrition, allowing elderly workers to retire without replacing them.

atypical ADJ./非正常的，不正常/not normal. The child psychiatrist reassured Mrs. Keaton that playing doctor was not atypical behavior for a child of young Alex's age. "Yes," she replied, "but not charging for house calls!"

audacious ADJ./大胆的；鲁莽的/daring; bold. Audiences cheered as Luke Skywalker and Princess Leia made their audacious, deathdefying leap to freedom, escaping Darth Vader's troops. audacity, N.

audit N./核算，稽核/examination of accounts. When the bank examiners arrived to hold their annual audit, they discovered the embezzlements of the chief cashier. also V.

auditory ADJ./听觉的/pertaining to the sense of hearing. Audrey suffered from auditory hallucinations: she thought Elvis was speaking to her from the Great Beyond.

augment V./增长/increase; add to. Armies augment their forces by calling up reinforcements; teachers augment their salaries by taking odd jobs.

augury N./占卜；预言/omen; prophecy. He interpreted the departure of the birds as an augury of evil. augur,V.

august ADJ./威严的；令人印象深刻的/impressive; majestic. Visiting the palace at Versailles, she was impressed by the august surroundings in which she found herself.

aureole N./日冕/sun's corona; halo. Many medieval paintings depict saintly characters with aureoles around their heads.

auroral ADJ./曙光的，极光的/pertaining to the aurora borealis. The auroral display was particularly spectacular that evening.

auspicious ADJ./幸运的，吉祥的/favoring success. With favorable weather conditions, it was an auspicious moment to set sail. Thomas, however, had doubts about sailing: a paranoid, he became suspicious whenever conditions seemed auspicious.

austere ADJ./严厉的；朴素的/forbiddingly stern; severely simple and unornamented. The headmaster's austere demeanor tended to scare off the more timid students, who never visited his study willingly.

The room reflected the man, austere and bare, like a monk's cell, with no touches of luxury to moderate its austerity.

authenticate V./鉴别/prove genuine. An expert was needed to authenticate the original Van Gogh painting, distinguishing it from its imitation.

authoritarian ADJ./独裁/subordinating the individual to the state; completely dominating another's will. The leaders of the authoritarian regime ordered the suppression of the democratic protest movement. After years of submitting to the will of her authoritarian father, Elizabeth Barrett ran away from home with the poet Robert Browning.

authoritative ADJ./权威；独裁/having the weight of authority; peremptory and dictatorial. Impressed by the young researcher's well-documented presentation, we accepted her analysis of the experiment as authoritative.

autocratic ADJ./独裁/having absolute, unchecked power; dictatorial. Someone accustomed to exercising authority may become autocratic if his or her power is unchecked. Dictators by definition are autocrats. Bosses who dictate behavior as well as letters can be autocrats too.

automaton N./机器人/mechanism that imitates actions of humans. Long before science fiction readers became aware of robots, writers were presenting stories of automatons who could outperform men.

autonomous ADJ./自治/self-governing. Although the University of California at Berkeley is just one part of the state university system, in many ways Cal Berkeley is autonomous, for it runs several programs that are not subject to outside control. autonomy, N.

autopsy N./验尸/examination of a dead body; post-mortem. The medical examiner ordered an autopsy to determine the cause of death. also V.

auxiliary ADJ./辅助的/helper, additional or subsidiary. To prepare for the emergency, they built an auxiliary power station. also N.

avalanche N./雪崩/great mass of falling snow and ice. The park ranger warned the skiers to stay on the main trails, where they would be in no danger of being buried beneath a sudden avalanche.

*avarice N./贪婪，贪财/greediness for wealth. King Midas is a perfect example of avarice, for he was so greedy that he wished everything he touched would turn to gold.

avenge V./复仇/take vengeance for something (or on behalf of someone). Hamlet vowed he would avenge his father's murder and punish Claudius for his horrible crime.

averse ADJ./反对的/reluctant; disinclined. The reporter was averse to revealing the sources of his information.

aversion N./厌恶，抵制/firm dislike. Bert had an aversion to yuppies; Alex had an aversion to punks. Their mutual aversion was so great that they refused to speak to one another.

avert V./转移；防止/prevent; turn away. She averted her eyes from the dead cat on the highway.

*aviary N./鸟舍/enclosure for birds. The aviary at the zoo held nearly 300 birds.

avid ADJ./贪婪/greedy; eager for. He was avid for learning and read everything he could get. avidity, N.

avocation N./副业，业余爱好/secondary or minor occupation. His hobby proved to be so fascinating and profitable that gradually he abandoned his regular occupation and concentrated on his avocation.

avow V./宣布/declare openly. Lana avowed that she never meant to steal Debbie's boyfriend, but no one believed her avowal of innocence.

avuncular ADJ./像伯父（叔叔）一样的/like an uncle. Avuncular pride did not prevent him from noticing his nephew's shortcomings.

awe N./敬畏/solemn wonder. The tourists gazed with awe at the tremendous expanse of the Grand Canyon.

awry ADV./扭曲的；歪曲的/distorted; crooked. He held his head awry, giving the impression that he had caught cold in his neck during the night. also ADJ.

axiom N./公理，自明的道理/self-evident truth requiring no proof. Before a student can begin to think along the lines of Euclidean geometry, he must accept certain principles or axioms.

azure ADJ./天蓝/sky blue. Azure skies are indicative of good weather.

babble V./嘟囔/chatter idly. The little girl babbled about her doll. also N.

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Barron’s SAT I Basic Word List

bacchanalian ADJ./喝醉的，耍酒疯/drunken. Emperor Nero attended the bacchanalian orgy.

badger V./激怒，纠缠/pester; annoy. She was forced to change her telephone number because she was badgered by obscene phone calls.

badinage N./开玩笑，揶揄；取消/teasing conversation. Her friends at work greeted the news of her engagement with cheerful badinage.

baffle V./挫败/frustrate; perplex. The new code baffled the enemy agents.

bait V./欺负，玩弄，折磨/harass; tease. The school bully baited the smaller children, terrorizing them.

baleful ADJ./恶意的，有害的/deadly; having a malign influence; ominous. The fortune teller made baleful predictions of terrible things to come.

balk V./反对；阻止/foil or thwart; stop short; refuse to go on. When the warden learned that several inmates were planning to escape, he took steps to balk their attempt. However, he balked at punishing them by shackling them to the walls of their cells.

ballast N./配重；沙袋/heavy substance used to add stability or weight. The ship was listing badly to one side; it was necessary to shift the ballast in the hold to get her back on an even keel. also V.

balm N./（止痛的）安慰物/something that relieves pain. Friendship is the finest balm for the pangs of disappointed love.

balmy ADJ./柔和的；芳香的/mild; fragrant. A balmy breeze refreshed us after the sultry blast.

banal ADJ./平凡，陈腐，老生常谈/hackneyed; commonplace; trite; lacking originality. The hack writer's worn-out clich6s made his comic sketch seem banal. He even resorted to the banality of having someone slip on a banana peel!

bandy V./传话/discuss lightly or glibly; exchange (words) heatedly. While the president was happy to bandy patriotic generalizations with anyone who would listen to him, he refused to bandy words with unfriendly reporters at the press conference.

bane N./祸根/cause of ruin; curse. Lucy's little brother was the bane of her existence: his attempts to make her life miserable worked so well that she could have poisoned him with ratsbane for having such a baneful effect.

bantering ADJ./可笑的，嘲弄的/good-natured ridiculing. They resented his bantering remarks because they thought he was being sarcastic.

barb N./鱼钩，钩状物/sharp projection from fishhook, etc.; openly cutting remark. If you were a politician, which would you prefer, being caught on the barb of a fishhook or be ing subjected to malicious verbal barbs? Who can blame the president if he's happier fishing than back in the capitol listening to his critics' barbed remarks?

Word List 6 bard-bluff

bard N./（吟游）诗人/poet. The ancient bard Homer sang of the fall of Troy.

baroque ADJ./华丽的/highly ornate. Accustomed to the severe lines of contemporary buildings, the architecture students found the flamboyance of baroque architecture amusing. They simply didn't go for baroque.

barrage N./弹幕，火力网/barrier laid down by artillery fire. The company was forced to retreat through the barrage of heavy cannons.

barren ADJ./荒芜的，贫瘠的/desolate; fruitless and unproductive; lacking. Looking out at the trackless, barren desert, Indiana Jones feared that his search for the missing expedition would prove barren.

barricade N./屏障；障碍物/hastily put together defensive barrier; obstacle. Marius and his fellow students hurriedly improvised a rough barricade to block police access to the students' quarter. Malcolm and his brothers barricaded themselves in their bedroom to keep their mother from seeing the hole in the bedroom floor. also V.

barterer N./交易商/trader. The barterer exchanged trinkets for the natives' furs. It seemed smarter to barter than to pay cash.

bask V./享受（温暖）；愉快，舒适/luxuriate; take pleasure in warmth. Basking on the beach, she relaxed so completely that she fell asleep.

bastion N./堡垒；工事/fortress; defense. The villagers fortified the town hall, hoping this improvised bastion could protect them from the guerillas' raids. .

bate V./限制；抑制/let down; restrain. Until it was time to open the presents, the children had to bate their curiosity. bated,ADJ.

bauble N./小玩意儿/trinket; trifle. The child was delighted with the bauble she had won in the grab bag.

bawdy ADJ./猥亵的；下流的；卖淫的/indecent; obscene. Jack took offense at Jill's bawdy remarks. What kind of young man did she think he was?

beam N./光束；铁梁，木梁；一束电波/ray of light; long piece of metal or wood; course of a radio signal. V. smile radiantly. If a beam of light falls on you, it illuminates you; if a beam of iron falls on you, it eliminates you. (No one feels like beaming when crushed by an iron beam.)

beatific ADJ./祝福；幸福的/giving bliss; blissful. The beatific smile on the child's face made us very happy.

beatitude N./祝福/blessedness; state of bliss. Growing closer to God each day, the mystic achieved a state of indescribable beatitude.

bedizen V./俗丽，俗气/dress with vulgar finery. The witch doctors were bedizened in all their gaudiest costumes.

bedraggle V./邋遢的；湿的/wet thoroughly; stain with mud. We were so bedraggled by the severe storm that we had to change into dry clothing. bedraggled,ADJ.

beeline N./直线/direct, quick route. As soon as the movie was over, Jim made a beeline for the exit.

befuddle V./迷惑/confuse thoroughly. His attempts to clarify the situation succeeded only in befuddling her further.

beget V./得子；产生/father; produce; give rise to. One good turn may deserve another; it does not necessarily beget another.

begrudge V./愤恨；嫉妒/resent. I begrudge every minute I have to spend attending meetings; they're a complete waste of time.

*beguile V./欺骗，骗住；消磨时间/mislead or delude; pass time. With flattery and big talk of easy money, the con men beguiled Kyle into betting his allowance on the shell game. Broke, he beguiled himself during the long hours by playing solitaire.

behemoth N./怪物；怪兽/huge creature; monstrous animal. Sportscasters nicknamed the linebacker "The Behemoth."

belabor V./嘴贫，过度的说；谩骂/explain or go over excessively or to a ridiculous degree; attack verbally. The debate coach warned her student not to bore the audience by belaboring her point.

belated ADJ./推迟的，延期的/delayed. He apologized for his belated note of condolence to the widow of his friend and explained that he had just learned of her husband's untimely death.

beleaguer V./攻击；使烦恼/besiege or attack; harassed. The babysitter was surrounded by a crowd of unmanageable brats who relentlessly beleaguered her.

belie V./掩饰，造成假象；矛盾/contradict; give a false impression. His coarse, hard-bitten exterior belied his inner sensitivity.

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Barron’s SAT I Basic Word List

belittle V./蔑视，使渺小/disparage or depreciate; put down. Parents should not belittle their children's early attempts at drawing, but should encourage their efforts. Barry was a put-down artist: he was a genius at belittling people and making them feel small.

bellicose ADJ./好斗的，好战的/warlike. His bellicose disposition alienated his friends.

belligerent ADJ./好斗的，好斗嘴的/quarrelsome. Whenever he had too much to drink, he became belligerent and tried to pick fights with strangers. belligerence, N.

bemoan V./哀叹，悲伤/lament; express disapproval of. The widow bemoaned the death of her beloved husband. Although critics bemoaned the serious flaws in the author's novels, each year his latest book topped the best-seller list.

bemused ADJ./困惑的，发呆的/confused; lost in thought; preoccupied. Jill studied the garbled instructions with a bemused look on her face.

benediction N./祝福/blessing. The appearance of the sun after the many rainy days was like a benediction.

benefactor N./恩人，赞助人/gift giver; patron. Scrooge later became Tiny Tim's benefactor and gave him gifts.

beneficial ADJ./有用的/helpful; useful. Tiny Tim's cheerful good nature had a beneficial influence on Scrooge's onceuncharitable disposition.

beneficiary N./（遗产）受益人/person entitled to benefits or proceeds of an insurance policy or will. In Scrooge's will, he made Tiny Tim his beneficiary. everything he left would go to young Tim.

benevolent ADJ./慈善的/generous; charitable. Mr. Fezziwig was a benevolent employer, who wished to make Christmas merrier for young Scrooge and his other employees.

benign ADJ./良性的，好的；和蔼可亲的/kindly; favorable; not malignant. Though her benign smile and gentle bearing made Miss Marple seem a sweet little old lady, in reality she was a tough-minded, shrewd observer of human nature. benignity, N.

bent ADJ;N./先天的/determined; natural talent or inclination. Bent on advancing in the business world, the secretary-heroine of Working Girl has a true bent for high finance.

*bequeath V./遗赠，（代代）相传/leave to someone by a will; hand down. Though Maud had intended to bequeath the family home to her nephew, she died before changing her will. bequest, N.

berate V./严厉指责，谴责/scold strongly. He feared she would berate him for his forgetfulness.

bereavement N./丧亲/state of being deprived of something valuable or beloved. His friends gathered to console him upon his sudden bereavement.

bereft ADJ./失去的，缺少的/deprived of; lacking; desolate because of a loss. The foolish gambler soon found himself bereft of funds.

berserk ADV./疯狂的，狂暴的/frenzied. Angered, he went berserk and began to wreck the room.

beseech V./乞求，恳求/beg; plead with. The workaholic executive's wife beseeched him to spend more time with their son.

beset V./困扰/harass or trouble; hem in. Many vexing problems beset the American public school system. Sleeping Beauty's castle was beset on all sides by dense thickets that hid it from view.

besiege V./围攻/surround with armed forces; harass (with requests). When the bandits besieged the village, the villagers holed up in the town hall and prepared to withstand a long siege.

Members of the new administration were besieged with job applications from people who had worked on the campaign.

besmirch V./弄脏/soil, defile. The scandalous remarks in the newspaper besmirch the reputations of every member of the society.

bestial ADJ./残忍的/beastlike; brutal. According to legend, the werewolf was able to abandon its human shape and take on a bestial form.

bestow V./给予/give. He wished to bestow great honors upon the hero.

betoken V./预示；表示/signify; indicate. The well-equipped docks, tall piles of cargo containers, and numerous vessels being loaded all betoken Oakland's importance as a port.

betray V./出卖；背叛/be unfaithful; reveal (unconsciously or unwillingly). The spy betrayed his country by selling military secrets to the enemy. When he was taken in for questioning, the tightness of his lips betrayed his fear of being caught.

betroth V./订婚/become engaged to marry. The announcement that they had become betrothed surprised their friends who had not suspected any romance. betrothal, N.

bevy N./一群（少女，小鸟）/large group. The movie actor was surrounded by a bevyof starlets.

biased ADJ./偏见的，偏差/slanted; prejudiced. Because the judge played golf regularly with the district attorney's father, we feared he might be biased in the prosecution's favor. bias, N.

bicameral ADJ./两院制的（参，众）/two-chambered, as a legislative body. The United States Congress is a bicameral body.

bicker V./争吵/quarrel. The children bickered morning, noon, and night, exasperating their parents.

biennial ADJ./两年一度/every two years. Seeing no need to meet more frequently, the group held biennial meetings instead of annual ones. Plants that bear flowers biennially are known as biennials.

bigotry N./固执/stubborn intolerance. Brought up in a democratic atmosphere, the student was shocked by the bigotry and narrowness expressed by several of his classmates.

bilious ADJ./消化不良，易怒/suffering from indigestion; irritable. His bilious temperament was apparent to all who heard him rant about his difficulties.

bilk V./骗/swindle; cheat. The con man specialized in bilking insurance companies.

billowing ADJ./波涛翻滚/swelling out in waves; surging. Standing over the air vent, Marilyn Monroe tried vainly to control her billowing skirts.

bivouac N./帐篷/temporary encampment. While in bivouac, we spent the night in our sleeping bags under the stars. also V.

bizarre ADJ./怪异的/fantastic; violently contrasting. The plot of the novel was too bizarre to be believed.

blanch V./漂白/bleach; whiten. Although age had blanched his hair, he was still vigorous and energetic.

bland ADJ./温和的/soothing or mild; agreeable. Jill tried a bland ointment for her sunburn. However, when Jack absentmindedly patted her on the sunburned shoulder, she couldn't maintain a bland disposition.

blandishment N./阿谀奉承/flattery. Despite the salesperson's blandishments, the customer did not buy the outfit.

blare N./大声喊叫，令人眩晕的强光/loud, harsh roar or screech; dazzling blaze of light. I don't know which is worse: the steady blare of a boom box deafening your ears or a sudden blare of flashbulbs dazzling your eyes.

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Barron’s SAT I Basic Word List

blasé ADJ./厌于享乐/bored with pleasure or dissipation. Although Beth was as thrilled with the idea of a trip to Paris as her classmates were, she tried to act super cool and blasé, as if she'd been abroad hundreds of times.

blasphemy N./亵渎/irreverence; sacrilege; cursing. In my father's house, the Dodgers were the holiest of holies; to cheer for another team was to utter words of blasphemy.

blasphemous,ADJ.

blatant ADJ./喧闹；俗丽/flagrant; conspicuously obvious; loudly offensive. To the unemployed youth from Dublin, the "No Irish Need Apply" placard in the shop window was a blatant mark of prejudice.

*bleak ADJ./冷淡；凄凉/cold or cheerless; unlikely to be favorable. The frigid, inhospitable Aleutian Islands are bleak military outposts. It's no wonder that soldiers assigned there have a bleak attitude toward their posting.

*blighted ADJ./完蛋了的；生病了的/suffering from a disease; destroyed. The extent of the blighted areas could be seen only when viewed from the air.

blithe ADJ./欢乐，高兴/gay; joyous; heedless. Shelley called the skylark a "blithe spirit" because of its happy song.

bloated ADJ./浮肿/swollen or puffed as with water or air. Her bloated stomach came from drinking so much water.

bludgeon N./大头狼牙棒/club; heavy-headed weapon. Attacked by Dr. Moriarty, Holmes used his walking stick as a bludgeon to defend himself. "Watson," he said, "I fear I may have bludgeoned Moriarty to death."

bluff ADJ./直率的/rough but good-natured. Jack had a bluff andhearty manner that belied his actual sensitivity; he never let people know how thin-skinned he really was.

bluff N. /虚伪；欺骗；悬崖/pretense (of strength); deception; high cliff. Claire thought Lord Byron's boast that he would swim the Hellespont was just a bluff; she was astounded when he dove from the high bluff into the waters below.

Word List 7 blunder-canter

blunder N./错误/error. The criminal's fatal blunder led to his capture. also V.

blurt V./脱口而出/utter impulsively. Before she could stop him, he blurted out the news.

bluster V./咆哮；吓唬/blow in heavy gusts; threaten emptily; bully. "Let the stormy winds bluster," cried Jack, "we'll set sail tonight." Jill let Jack bluster. she wasn't going anywhere, no matter what he said.

bode V./预兆/foreshadow; portend. The gloomy skies and the sulphurous odors from the mineral springs seemed to bode evil to those who settled in the area.

bogus ADJ./赝品/counterfeit; not authentic. The police quickly found the distributors of the bogus twenty-dollar bills.

bohemian ADJ./不合习俗；放荡不羁/unconventional (in an artistic way). Gertrude Stein ran off to Paris to live an eccentric, bohemian life with her writer friends. Oakland was not bohemian: it was too bourgeois, too middle-class.

boisterous ADJ./狂暴；喧嚣/violent; rough; noisy. The unruly crowd became even more boisterous when he tried to quiet them.

bolster V./支持，增援/support; reinforce. The debaters amassed file boxes full of evidence to bolstertheir arguments.

bolt N./门闩；螺钉；布匹的长度/door bar; fastening pin or screw; length of fabric. The carpenter shut the workshop door, sliding the heavy metal bolt into place. He sorted through his toolbox for the nuts and bolts and nails he would need. Before he cut into the bolt of canvas, he measured how much fabric he would need.

bolt V./猛冲，上门闩，囫囵吞下/dash or dart off; fasten (a door); gobble down. Jack was set to bolt out the front door, but Jill bolted the door. "Eat your breakfast," she said, "don't bolt your food."

bombardment N./轰击（导弹）/attack with missiles. The enemy bom bardment demolished the town. Members of the opposition party bombarded the prime minister with questions about the enemy attack.

bombastic ADJ./夸张的/pompous; using inflated language. Puffed up with conceit, the orator spoke in such a bombastic manner that we longed to deflate him. bombast, N.

booming ADJ./快速增长的，欣欣向荣；深刻的/deep and resonant; flourishing, thriving. "Who needs a microphone?" cried the mayor in his boom ing voice. Cheerfully he boomed out that, thanks to him, the city's economy was booming. boom,V.

boon N./恩惠，福利/blessing; benefit. The recent rains that filled our empty reservoirs were a boon to the whole community.

boorish ADJ./粗鲁；笨拙/rude; clumsy; ungentlemanly. Natasha was embarrassed by her fellow spy's boorish behavior. "If you cannot act like a gentleman, Boris, go back to Russia: espionage is no job for clumsy boors." boor, N.

boundless ADJ./无限的/unlimited; vast. Mike's energy was bound less: the greater the challenge, the more vigorously he tackled the job.

bountiful ADJ./富足的；慷慨的/abundant; graciously generous. Thanks to the good harvest, we had a bountiful supply of food and we could be as bountiful as we liked in distributing food to the needy.

bourgeois ADJ./中产阶级；平庸的/middle class; selfishly materialistic; dully conventional. Technically, anyone who belongs to the middle class is bourgeois, but, given the word's connotations, most people resent it if you call them that.

bovine ADJ./牛的；迟钝的；耐心的/cowlike; placid and dull. Nothing excites Esther; even when she won the state lottery, she still preserved her air of bovine calm.

bowdlerize V./删除/expurgate. After the film editors had bowdlerized the language in the script, the motion picture's rating was changed from "R" to "PG."

boycott V./抵制/refrain from buying or using. To put pressure on grape growers to stop using pesticides that harmed the farm workers' health, Cesar Chavez called for consumers to boycott grapes.

braggart N./自夸，吹嘘/boaster. Modest by nature, she was no braggart, preferring to let her accomplishments speak for themselves.

brandish V./挥舞/wave around; flourish. Alarmed, Doctor Watson wildly brandished his gun until Holmes told him to put the thing away before he shot himself.

bravado N./虚张声势/swagger; assumed air of defiance. The bravado of the young criminal disappeared when he was confronted by the victims of his brutal attack.

brawn N./强壮的肌肉/muscular strength; sturdiness. It takes brawn to become a champion weightlifter. brawny,ADJ.

brazen ADJ./厚颜无耻；傲慢/insolent. Her brazen contempt for authority angered the officials.

breach N./违约；突破；打破/breaking of contract or duty; fissure or gap. Jill sued Jack for breach of promise, claiming he had broken his promise to marry her. They found a breach in the enemy's fortifications and penetrated their lines. also V.

breadth N./宽度/width; extent. We were impressed by the breadth of her knowledge.

brevity N./简短，短暂/conciseness. Brevity is essential when you send a telegram or cablegram; you are charged for every word.

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Barron’s SAT I Basic Word List

brindled ADJ./有条纹或斑点的/tawny or grayish with streaks or spots. He was disappointed in the litter because the puppies were brindled, he had hoped for animals of a uniform color.

bristling ADJ./竖立的/rising like bristles; showing irritation. The dog stood there, bristling with anger.

brittle ADJ./易碎的；困难的/easily broken; difficult. My employer's self-control was as brittle as an egg-shell. Her brittle personality made it difficult for me to get along with her.

broach V./介绍，提出，引见/introduce; open up. Jack did not even try to broach the subject of religion with his in-laws. If you broach a touchy subject, it may cause a breach.

brochure N./小册子/pamphlet. This brochure on farming was issued by the Department of Agriculture.

brooch N./胸针/ornamental clasp. She treasured the brooch because it was an heirloom.

browbeat V./吓唬/bully; intimidate. Billy resisted Ted's attempts browbeat him into handing over his lunch money.

browse V./吃草；浏览/graze; skim or glance at casually. "How now, brown cow, browsing in the green, green grass." I remember lines of verse that I came across while browsing through the poetry section of the local bookstore.

brunt N./冲击/main impact or shock. Tom Sawyer claimed credit for painting the fence, but the brunt of the work fell on others. However, he bore the brunt of Aunt Polly's complaints when the paint began to peel.

brusque ADJ./唐图；直率；粗暴无礼/blunt; abrupt. Was Bruce too brusque when he brushed off Bob's request with a curt "Not now!"?

buccaneer N./海盗/pirate. At Disneyland the Pirates of the Caribbean sing a song about their lives as bloody buccaneers.

bucolic ADJ./田园的/rustic; pastoral. Filled with browsing cows and bleating sheep, the meadow was a charmingly bucolic sight.

buffet N./自助餐/table with food set out for people to serve themselves; meal at which people help themselves to food that's been set out. Please convey the soufflé on the tray to the buffet.

(Buffet rhymes with tray.)

buffet V./殴打，斗殴/slap; batter; knock about. To buffet something is to rough it up. (Buffet rhymes with Muffett.) Was Miss Muffett buffeted by the crowd on the way to the buffet tray?

buffoonery N./滑稽的/clowning. In the Ace Ventura movies, Jim Carrey's buffoonery was hilarious: like Bozo the Clown, he's a natural buffoon.

bullion N./金条，银条/gold and silver in the form of bars. Much bullion is stored in the vaults at Fort Knox.

bulwark N./壁垒/earthwork or other strong defense; person who defends. The navy is our principal bulwark against invasion.

bumptious ADJ./盲目自大/self-assertive. His classmates called him a show-off because of his bumptious airs.

bungalow N./小平房/small cottage. Every summer we rent a bungalow on Cape Cod for our vacation home. The rent is high, the roof is low-it's a basic bungalow.

bungle V./搞砸/mismanage; blunder. Don't botch this assignment, Bumstead; if you bungle the job, you're fired!

buoyant ADJ./可漂浮的，乐观的/able to float; cheerful and optimistic. When the boat capsized, her buoyant life jacket kept Jody afloat. Scrambling back on board, she was still in a buoyant mood, certain that despite the delay she'd win the race.

bureaucracy N./官僚机构/over-regulated administrative system marked by red tape. The Internal Revenue Service is the ultimate bureaucracy. taxpayers wasted so much paper filling out IRS forms that the IRS bureaucrats printed up a new set of rules requiring taxpayers to comply with the Paperwork Reduction Act.

burgeon V./发芽，成长/grow forth; send out buds. In the spring, the plants that burgeon are a promise of the beauty that is to come.

burlesque V./作秀，滑稽/give an imitation that ridicules. In Spaceballs, Rick Moranis burlesques Darth Vader of Star Wars, outrageously parodying Vader's stiff walk and hollow voice.

burly ADJ./魁伟，结实/husky; muscular. The burly mover lifted the packing crate with ease.

burnish V./擦拭/make shiny by rubbing; polish. The maid bur nished the brass fixtures until they reflected the lamplight.

bustle V./喧嚣，繁忙，熙熙攘攘/move about energetically; teem. David and the children bustled about the house getting in each other's way as they tried to pack for the camping trip. The whole house bustled with activity.

buttress V./支持/support; prop up. The attorney came up with several far-fetched arguments in a vain attempt to buttress his weak case. also N.

buxom ADJ./丰满；充满活力；欢快/plump; vigorous; jolly. The soldiers remembered the buxom nurse who had always been so pleasant to them.

cabal N./内阁/small group of persons secretly united to promote their own interests. The cabal was defeated when their scheme was discovered.

cache N./藏身之处/hiding place. The detectives followed the suspect until he led them to the cache where he had stored his loot. He had cached the cash in a bag for trash: it was a hefty sum.

cacophonous ADJ./不和谐/discordant; inharmonious. Do the students in the orchestra enjoy the cacophonous sounds they make when they're tuning up? I don't know how they can stand the racket. cacophony, N.

cadaver N./尸体/corpse. In some states, it is illegal to dissect cadavers.

cadaverous ADJ./尸体似的，苍白的/like a corpse; pale. By his cadaverous appearance, we could see how the disease had ravaged him.

cadence N./平仄，重音/rhythmic rise and fall (of words or sounds); beat. Marching down the road, the troops sang out, following the cadence set by the sergeant.

cajole V./哄骗，勾引/coax; wheedle. Diane tried to cajole her father into letting her drive the family car. cajolery, N.

calamity N./灾难，不幸/disaster; misery. As news of the calamity spread, offers of relief poured in to the stricken community.

calculated ADJ./预先计划好的，算好的；合适的/deliberately planned; likely. Lexy's choice of clothes to wear to the debate tournament was carefully calculated. Her conventional suit was one calculated to appeal to the conservative judges.

caldron N./大锅/large kettle. "Why, Mr. Crusoe," said the savage heating the giant caldron, "we'd love to have you for dinner!"

caliber N./能力；品质/ability; quality. Einstein's cleaning the blackboards again? Albert, quit it! A man of your caliber shouldn't have to do such menial tasks.

calligraphy N./漂亮的书法/beautiful writing; excellent penmanship. As we examine ancient manuscripts, we become impressed with the calligraphy of the scribes.

callous ADJ./硬心肠的，无情的/hardened; unfeeling. He had worked in the hospital for so many years that he was callous to the suffering in the wards. callus, N.

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Barron’s SAT I Basic Word List

callow ADJ./年幼，稚嫩；无经验/youthful; immature; inexperienced. As a freshman, Jack was sure he was a man of the world; as a sophomore, he made fun of freshmen as callow youths. In both cases, his judgment showed just how callow he was.

calorific ADJ./产热的/heat-producing. Coal is much more calorific than green wood.

calumny N./诽谤；中伤/malicious misrepresentation; slander. He could endure his financial failure, but he could not bear the calumny that his foes heaped upon him.

camaraderie N./友情/good-fellowship. What he loved best about his job was the sense of camaraderie he and his coworkers shared.

cameo N./贝壳上的浮雕；特写（演员）/shell or jewel carved in relief; star's special appearance in a minor role in a film. Don't bother buying cameos from the street peddlers in Rome: the carvings they sell are clumsy jobs. Did you enjoy Bill Murray's cameo in Little Shop of Horrors? He was onscreen for only a minute, but he cracked me up.

camouflage V./伪装/disguise; conceal. In order to rescue Han Solo, Princess Leia camouflaged herself in the helmet and cloak of a space bandit.

candor N./开诚布公；坦率/frankness; open honesty. Jack can carry can dor too far: when he told Jill his honest opinion of her, she nearly slapped his face. candid,ADJ.

canine ADJ./狗的/related to dogs; dog-like. Some days the canine population of Berkeley seems almost to outnumber the human population,

canny ADJ./谨慎的；节约的/shrewd; thrifty. The canny Scotsman was more than a match for the swindlers.

cant N./伪善；黑话/insincere expressions of piety; jargon of thieves. Shocked by news of the minister's extramarital love affairs, the worshippers dismissed his talk about the sacredness of marriage as mere cant. Cant is a form of hypocrisy: those who can, pray; those who cant, pretend.

cantankerous ADJ./脾气坏；易发怒/ill humored; irritable. Constantly complaining about his treatment and refusing to cooperate with the hospital staff, he was a cantankerous patient.

cantata N./大合唱；康塔塔/story set to music, to be sung by a chorus. The choral society sang the new cantata composed by its leader.

canter N./慢跑/slow gallop. Because the racehorse had outdistanced its competition so easily, the reporter wrote that the race was won in a canter. also V.

W o rd L ist 8 c anto-c hameleo n

canto N./（长诗的）分篇/division of a long poem. Dante's poetic masterpiece The Divine Comedy is divided into cantos.

canvass V./调查；投票/determine votes, etc. After canvassing the sentiments of his constituents, the congressman was confident that he represented the majority opinion of his district. also N.

capacious ADJ./宽敞的/spacious. In the capacious rotunda of the railroad terminal, thousands of travelers lingered while waiting for their train.

Capacity N./能力；角色/mental or physical ability; role; ability to accommodate. Mike had the capacity to handle several jobs at once. In his capacity as president of SelecTronics he marketed an electronic dictionary with a capacity of 200,000 words.

capitulate V./投降/surrender. The enemy was warned to capitulate or face annihilation.

caprice N./反复无常；一时幻想；奇怪的想法/sudden, unexpected fancy; whim. On a caprice, Jack tried drag-racing, but paid the price-his father took his Chevy Caprice away from him.

capricious ADJ./反复无常的/unpredictable; fickle. The storm was capricious: it changed course constantly. Jill was capricious, too: she changed boyfriends almost as often as she changed clothes.

caption N./标题/title; chapter heading; text under illustration. The captions that accompany The Far Side cartoons are almost as funny as the pictures. also V.

captivate V./迷住；迷惑/charm or enthrall. Bart and Lisa were captivated by their new nanny's winning manner.

carat N./克拉；开；K/unit of weight for precious stones; measure of fineness of gold. He gave her a three-carat diamond mounted in an eighteen-carat gold band.

cardinal ADJ./主要的/chief. If you want to increase your word power, the cardinal rule of vocabulary-building is to read.

cardiologist N./心脏病专家/doctor specializing in the heart. When the pediatrician noticed Philip had a slight heart murmur, she referred him to a cardiologist for further tests.

careen V./倾斜/lurch; sway from side to side. The taxicab careened wildly as it rounded the corner.

caricature N./歪曲；漫画；讽刺画/distortion; burlesque. The caricatures he drew always emphasized a personal weakness of the people he burlesqued. also V.

carnage N./残杀；大屠杀/destruction of life. The film The Killing Fields vividly depicts the carnage wreaked by Pol Pot's followers in Cambodia.

carnal ADJ./肉体的；欲望的/fleshly. Is the public more interested in carnal pleasures than in spiritual matters? Compare the number of people who read Playboy daily to the number of those who read the Bible or Koran every day.

carnivorous A DJ./食肉的/meat-eating. The lion's a carnivorous beast. A hunk of meat makes up his feast. A cow is not a carnivore. She likes the taste of grain, not gore.

*carping ADJ./挑剔的，吹毛求疵/finding fault. A carping critic is a nit-picker: he loves to point out flaws. If you don't like this definition, feel free to carp.

cartographer N./制图者，制地图的人/map-maker. Though not a professional cartographer, Tolkien was able to construct a map of his fictional world.

cascade N./小瀑布/small waterfall. We were too tired to appreciate the beauty of the many cascades because we had to detour around them to avoid being drenched by the water cascading down.

castigate V./严厉批评；惩罚/criticize severely; punish. When the teacher threatened that she would castigate the mischievous boys if they didn't behave, they shaped up in a hurry.

casualty N./严重的事故；伤亡/serious or fatal accident. The number of automotive casualties on this holiday weekend was high.

cataclysm N./巨变；剧变；灾难/upheaval; deluge. A cataclysm such as the French Revolution affects all countries. cataclysmic,ADJ.

catalyst N./催化剂/agent which brings about a chemical change while it remains unaffected and unchanged. Many chemical reactions cannot take place without the presence of a catalyst.

catapult N./弹弓；弹射器/slingshot; a hurling machine. Airplanes are sometimes launched from battleships by catapults. also V.

cataract N./大瀑布；白内障/great waterfall; eye abnormality. She gazed with awe at the mighty cataract known as Niagara Falls.

catastrophe N./灾难/calamity; disaster. The 1906 San Francisco earthquake was a catastrophe that destroyed most of the city. A similar earthquake striking today could have even more catastrophic results.

catcall N./嘘声/shout of disapproval; boo. Every major league pitcher has off days during which he must learn to ignore the catcalls and angry hisses from the crowd.

catechism N./教义问答手册；FAQ,Q&A/book for religious instruction; instruction by question and answer. He taught by engaging his pupils in a catechism until they gave him the correct answer.

categorical ADJ./无条件；直截了当/without exceptions; unqualified; absolute. Though the captain claimed he was never, never sick at sea, he finally had to qualify his categorical denial: he was "hardly ever" sick at sea.

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Barron’s SAT I Basic Word List

cater to V./迎合/supply something desired (whether good or bad). The chef was happy to cater to the tastes of his highly sophisticated clientele. Critics condemned the movie industry for catering to the public's ever-increasing appetite for violence.

catharsis N./导泻，通便；疏泄/purging or cleansing of any passage of the body. Aristotle maintained that tragedy created a catharsis by purging the soul of base concepts.

catholic ADJ./一般的，普遍的；天主教/broadly sympathetic; liberal. He was extremely catholic in his taste and read everything he could find in the library.

caucus N./核心小组会议（秘密）/private meeting of members of a party to select officers or determine policy. At the opening of Congress, the members of the Democratic Party held a caucus to elect the Majority Leader of the House and the Party Whip.

caulk V./填；补漏/make watertight by filling in cracks. Jack had to caulk the tiles in the shower stall to stop the leak into the basement below.

causal ADJ./因果关系的/implying a cause-and-effect relationship. The psychologist maintained there was a causal relationship between the nature of one's early childhood experiences and one's adult personality. causality, N.

caustic ADJ./腐蚀；挖苦/burning; sarcastically biting. The critic's caustic remarks angered the hapless actors who were the subjects of his sarcasm.

cavalcade N./队伍/procession; parade. As described by Chaucer, the cavalcade of Canterbury pilgrims was a motley group.

cavalier ADJ./随便；傲慢/offhand or casual; haughty. The disguised prince resented the cavalier way in which the palace guards treated him. How dared they handle a member of the royal family so unceremoniously!

cavil V./挑剔/make frivolous objections. It's fine when you make sensible criticisms, but it really bugs me when you cavil about unimportant details. also N.

cede V./放弃；屈服于；投降/yield (title, territory) to; surrender formally. Eventually the descendants of England's Henry II were forced to cede their French territories to the King of France.

celebrated ADJ./名人/famous; well-known. Thanks to their race to break Roger Maris's home-run record, Sammy Sosa and Mark McGwire are two of America's most celebrated baseball players.

celebrity, N.

celerity N./速度/speed; rapidity. Hamlet resented his mother's celerity in remarrying within a month after his father's death.

celestial ADJ./天体的/heavenly. She spoke of the celestial joys that awaited virtuous souls in the hereafter.

celibate ADJ./未婚的，独身的/unmarried; abstaining from sexual intercourse. The perennial bachelor vowed to remain celibate. celibacy, N.

censor N./审查/overseer of morals; person who reads to eliminate inappropriate remarks. Soldiers dislike having their mail read by a censor but understand the need for this precaution. also V.

censorious ADJ./批判的/critical. Censorious people delight in casting blame.

censure V./责怪；批评/blame; criticize. The senator was censured for behavior inappropriate to a member of Congress. also N.

centigrade ADJ./华氏/measure of temperature used widely in Europe. On the centigrade thermometer, the freezing point of water is zero degrees.

centrifugal ADJ./离心；放射/radiating; departing from the center. Many automatic drying machines remove excess moisture from clothing by centrifugal force.

centripetal ADJ./向心/tending toward the center. Does centripetal force or the force of gravity bring orbiting bodies to the earth's surface?

centurion N./百夫长/Roman army officer. Because he was in command of a company of one hundred soldiers, he was called a centurion.

cerebral ADJ./脑的；智力的/pertaining to the brain or intellect. The content of philosophical works is cerebral in nature and requires much thought.

cerebration N./思考/thought. Mathematics problems sometimes require much cerebration.

ceremonious ADJ./隆重的/marked by formality. Ordinary dress would be inappropriate at so ceremonious an affair.

certitude N./确实/certainty. Though there was no certitude of his getting the job, Lou thought he had a good chance of doing so.

cessation N./停止/stoppage. The airline's employees threatened a cessation of all work if management failed to meet their demands. cease,V.

cession N./给与；割让/yielding to another; ceding. The cession of Alaska to the United States is discussed in this chapter.

chafe V./摩擦；擦热/warm by rubbing; make sore (by rubbing). Chilled, he chafed his hands before the fire. The collar of his school uniform chafed Tom's neck, but not as much the school's strict rules chafed his spirit. also N.

chaff N./废物；糠；假货；开玩笑；打趣/worthless products of an endeavor. When you separate the wheat from the chaff, be sure you throw out the chaff.

chaffing ADJ./开玩笑/bantering; joking. Sometimes Chad's flippant, chaffing remarks annoy us. Still, Chad's chaffing keeps us laughing. also N.

chagrin N./伤自尊；委屈/vexation (caused by humiliation or injured pride); disappointment. Embarrassed by his parents' shabby, working-class appearance, Doug felt their visit to his school would bring him nothing but chagrin. Someone filled with chagrin doesn't grin: he's too mortified.

chalice N./圣餐杯/goblet; consecrated cup. In a small room adjoining the cathedral, many ornately decorated chalices made by the most famous European goldsmiths were on display.

chameleon N./变色龙/lizard that changes color in different situations. Like the chameleon, he assumed the political thinking of every group he met.

W o r d L i s t9champion-colander

champion V./拥护/support militantly. Martin Luther King, Jr., won the Nobel Peace Prize because he championed the oppressed in their struggle for equality.

Chaotic ADJ. /混乱/in utter disorder. He tried to bring order into the chaotic state of affairs. chaos, N.

charisma N./魅力/divine gift; great popular charm or appeal of a political leader Political commentators have deplored the importance of a candidate's charisma in these days of television campaigning.

charlatan N./吹牛/quack; pretender to knowledge. When they realized that the Wizard didn't know how to get them back to Kansas, Dorothy and her companions were indignant that they'd been duped by a charlatan.

chary ADJ./谨慎；吝啬/cautious; sparing or restrained about giving. A prudent, thrifty, New Englander, DeWitt was as chary of investing money in junk bonds as he was chary of paying people unnecessary compliments.

chasm N./深渊/abyss. They could not see the bottom of the chasm.

chassis N./底盘/framework and working parts of an automobile. Examining the car after the accident, the owner discovered that the body had been ruined but that the chassis was unharmed.

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Barron’s SAT I Basic Word List

chaste ADJ./纯的/pure. Her chaste and decorous garb was appropriately selected for the solemnity of the occasion. chastity, N.

chasten V./磨练/discipline; punish in order to correct. Whom God loves, God chastens.

chastise V./惩罚/punish. I must chastise you for this offense.

chauvinist N./盲目爱国主义/blindly devoted patriot. A chauvinist cannot recognize any faults in his country, no matter how flagrant they may be. Likewise, a male chauvinist cannot recognize his bias in favor of his own sex, no matter how flagrant that may be. chauvinistic,ADJ.

check V./控制；阻止/stop motion; curb or restrain. Thrusting out her arm, Grandma checked Bobby's lunge at his sister. "Young man," she said, "you'd better check your temper." (secondary meaning)

checkered ADJ./多变的；像国际象棋棋盘一样的方格/marked by changes in fortune. During his checkered career he had lived in palatial mansions and in dreary boardinghouses.

cherubic ADJ./天真无邪/angelic; innocent-looking. With her cheerful smile and rosy cheeks, she was a particularly cherubic child.

chicanery N./强辩，狡辩；欺骗/trickery; deception. Those sneaky lawyers misrepresented what occurred, made up all sorts of implausible alternative scenarios to confuse the jurors, and in general depended on chicanery to win the case.

chide V./斥责/scold. Grandma began to chide Steven for his lying.

chimerical ADJ./不现实，空想/fantastically improbable; highly unrealistic; imaginative. As everyone expected, Ted's chimerical scheme to make a fortune by raising ermines in his back yard proved a dismal failure.

chisel N./凿子/wedgelike tool for cutting. With his hammer and chisel, the sculptor chipped away at the block of marble.

chisel V./欺骗/swindle or cheat; cut with a chisel. That crook chiseled me out of a hundred dollars when he sold me that "marble" statue he'd chiseled out of some cheap hunk of rock.

Chivalrous ADJ./勇敢；诚实/courteous; faithful; brave. Chivalrous behavior involves noble words and good deeds.

choleric ADJ./易发怒的；脾气坏/hot-tempered. His flushed, angry face indicated a choleric nature.

choreography N./舞蹈术；舞蹈记谱/art of representing dances in written symbols; arrangement of dances. Merce Cunningham has begun to use a computer in designing choreography. a software program allows him to compose arrangements of possible moves and immediately view them onscreen.

chortle V./得意的笑/chuckle with delight. When she heard that her rival had just been jailed for embezzlement, she chortled with joy. She was not a nice lady.

chronic ADJ./慢性的/long established as a disease. The doctors were finally able to attribute his chronic headaches and nausea to traces of formaldehyde gas in his apartment.

chronicle V./编年史/report; record (in chronological order). The gossip columnist was paid to chronicle the latest escapades of the socially prominent celebrities. also N.

churlish ADJ./粗鲁的/boorish; rude. Dismayed by his churlish mapners at the party, the girls vowed never to invite him again.

cipher N./密码/secret code. Lacking his code book, the spy was unable to decode the message sent to him in cipher.

cipher N./不重要的人或物/nonentity; worthless person or thing. She claimed her ex-husband was a total cipher and wondered why she had ever married him.

circuitous ADJ./迂回的/roundabout. To avoid the traffic congestion on the main highways, she took a circuitous route. circuit, N.

*circumlocution N./婉转曲折的表达/indirect or roundabout expression. He was afraid to call a spade a spade and resorted to circumlocutions to avoid direct reference to his subject.

circumscribe V./限制/limit; confine. Although I do not wish to cir cumscribe your activities, I must insist that you complete this assignment before you start anything else.

circumspect ADJ./慎重；周到/prudent; cautious. Investigating before acting, she tried always to be circumspect.

circumvent V./智取；包围/outwit; baffle. In order to circumvent the enemy, we will make two preliminary attacks in other sections before starting our major campaign.

cistern N./水塔；水库/reservoir or water tank. The farmers were able to withstand the dry season by using rainwater they had stored in an underground cistern.

citadel N./大本营/fortress. The citadel overlooked the city like a protecting angel.

cite V./引用；掌握/quote; command. She could cite passages in the Bible from memory. citation, N.

Civil ADJ./民事的；国民的/having to do with citizens or the state; courteous and polite. Although Internal Revenue Service agents are civil servants, they are not always civil to suspected tax cheats.

clairvoyant ADJ.N./预知；预言者/having foresight; fortuneteller. Cassandra's clairvoyant warning was not heeded by the Trojans. clairvoyance, N.

clamber V./爬/climb by crawling. She clambered over the wall.

clamor N./吵闹声；噪音/noise. The clamor of the children at play outside made it impossible for her to take a nap. also V.

clandestine ADJ./秘密/secret. After avoiding their chaperon, the lovers had a clandestine meeting.

clangor N./大声喧哗；持续的铿锵声/loud, resounding noise. The blacksmith was accustomed to the clangor of hammers on steel.

clapper N./铃舌，钟舌/striker (tongue) of a bell. Wishing to be undisturbed by the bell, Dale wound his scarf around the clapper to muffle the noise of its striking.

clasp N./扣合；紧密合作/fastening device; firm grip. When the clasp on Judy's bracelet broke, Fred repaired it, bending the hook back into shape. He then helped her slip on the bracelet, holding it firm in the sure clasp of his hand.

claustrophobia N./幽闭恐怖症/fear of being locked in. His fellow classmates laughed at his claustrophobia and often threatened to lock him in his room.

cleave V./劈开；黏着；忠于/split or sever; cling to; remain faithful to. With her heavy cleaver, Julia Child can cleave a whole roast duck in two. Soaked through, the soldier tugged at the uniform that cleaved annoyingly to his body. He would cleave to his post, come rain or shine.

Cleft N./裂缝；开裂/split. Trying for a fresh handhold, the mountainclimber grasped the edge of a cleft in the sheer rockface. also ADJ.

clemency N./温和；仁慈/disposition to be lenient; mildness, as of the weather. The lawyer was pleased when the case was sent to Judge Smith's chambers because Smith was noted for her clemency toward first offenders.

clench V./牢牢抓住/close tightly; grasp. "Open wide," said the dentist, but Clint clenched his teeth even more tightly than before.

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Barron’s SAT I Basic Word List

clichéN./陈词滥调/phrase dulled in meaning by repetition. High school compositions are often marred by such clichés as "strong as an ox."

clientele N./常客/body of customers. The rock club attracted a young, stylish clientele.

climactic ADJ./顶点的，高潮的/relating to the highest point. When he reached the climactic portions of the book, he could not stop reading. climax, N.

clime N./地域；气候/region; climate. His doctor advised him to move to a milder clime.

Clip N./剪辑/section of filmed material. Phil's job at Fox Sports involved selecting clips of the day's sporting highlights for later broadcast. also V.

clique N./小圈子；同行/small exclusive group. Fitzgerald wished that he belonged to the clique of popular athletes and big men on campus who seemed to run Princeton's social life.

cloister N./修道院/monastery or convent. The nuns lived a secluded life in the cloister.

Clout N./巨大的影响（政治\社会）/great influence (especially political or social). Gatsby wondered whether he had enough clout to be admitted to the exclusive club.

cloying ADJ./倒胃口；过度的/distasteful (because excessive); excessively sweet or sentimental. Disliking the cloying sweetness of standard wedding cakes, Jody and Tom chose to have homemade carrot cake at the reception. cloy,V.

Clump N./一块，一团；沉重的脚步声；草丛，灌木丛/cluster or close group (of bushes, trees); mass; sound of heavy treading. Hiding behind the clump of bushes, the fugitives waited for the heavy clump of the soldiers' feet to fade away.

coagulate V./凝结/thicken; congeal; clot. Even after you remove the pudding from the burner, it will continue to coagulate as it stands; therefore, do not overcook the pudding, lest it become too thick.

*coalesce V./接合/combine; fuse. The brooks coalesce into one large river. When minor political parties coalesce, their coalescence may create a major coalition.

coalition N./伙伴；同盟，集合/partnership; league; union. The Rainbow Coalition united people of all races in a common cause.

coddle V./娇养，溺爱/to treat gently. Don't coddle the children so much; they need a taste of discipline.

codicil N./遗嘱的附录/supplement to the body of a will. Miss Havisham kept her lawyers busy drawing up codicils to add to her already complicated will.

codify V./编纂/arrange (laws, rules) as a code; classify. We need to take the varying rules and regulations of the different health agencies and codify them into a national health code.

coercion N./威逼，强迫/use of force to get someone to obey. The inquisitors used both physical and psychological coercion to force Joan of Arc to deny that her visions were sent by God. coerce,V.

cogent ADJ./有说服力的/convincing. It was inevitable that David chose to go to Harvard: he had several cogent reasons for doing so, including a full-tuition scholarship. Katya argued her case with such cogency that the jury had to decide in favor of her client.

cogitate V./考虑/think over. Cogitate on this problem; the solution will come.

cognate ADJ./同源的/related linguistically: allied by blood: similar or akin in nature. The English word "mother" is cognate to the Latin word "mater," whose influence is visible in the words "maternal" and "maternity." also N.

cognitive ADJ./认知的/having to do with knowing or perceiving; related to the mental processes. Though Jack was emotionally immature, his cognitive development was admirable; he was very advanced intellectually.

cognizance N./认知/knowledge. During the election campaign, the two candidates were kept in full cognizance of the international situation.

cohere V./粘住的/stick together. Solids have a greater tendency to cohere than liquids.

cohesion N./内聚力；黏度/tendency to keep together. A firm believer in the maxim "Divide and conquer," the evil emperor, by means of lies and trickery, sought to disrupt the cohesion of the federation of free nations.

coiffure N./发型/hairstyle. You can make a statement with your choice of coiffure: in the sixties many AfricanAmericans affirmed their racial heritage by wearing their hair in Afros.

coin V./铸币；发明；杜撰/make coins; invent or fabricate. Mints coin good money; counterfeiters coin fakes. Slanderers coin nasty rumors; writers coin words. A neologism is an expression that's been newly-coined.

coincidence N./巧合/two or more things occurring at the same time by chance. Was it just a coincidence that John and she had chanced to meet at the market for three days running, or was he deliberately trying to seek her out? coincidental,ADJ.

colander N./过滤器/utensil with perforated bottom used for straining. Before serving the spaghetti, place it in a colander to drain it.

W o r d L i s t10collaborate-congenital

collaborate V./协作，合作/work together. Two writers collaborated in preparing this book.

collage N./拼贴画/work of art put together from fragments. Scraps of cloth, paper doilies, and old photographs all went into her collage.

collate V./校对，整理/examine in order to verify authenticity; arrange in order. They collated the newly found manuscripts to determine their age.

collateral N./抵押品/security given for loan. The sum you wish to borrow is so large that it must be secured by collateral.

colloquial ADJ./口语的/pertaining to conversational or common speech. Some of the new, less formal reading passages on SAT I have a colloquial tone that is intended to make them more appealing to students.

collusion N./勾结/Conspiring in a fraudulent scheme. The swindlers were found guilty of collusion.

colossal ADJ./巨大/huge. Radio City Music Hall has a colossal stage.

comatose ADJ./昏迷；熟睡/a coma; extremely sleepy. The longwinded orator soon had his audience in a comatose state.

*combustible ADJ./易燃的/easily burned. After the recent outbreak of fires in private homes, the fire commissioner ordered that all combustible materials be kept in safe containers, also N.

comely ADJ./清秀，美丽，漂亮；有吸引力的/attractive; agreeable. I would rather have a poor and comely wife than a rich and homely one.

comeuppance N./报应/rebuke; deserts. After his earlier rudeness, we were delighted to see him get his comeuppance.

commandeer V./征用，招募/to draft for military purposes; to take for public use. The policeman commandeered the first car that approached and ordered the driver to go to the nearest hospital.

commemorate V./纪念/honor the memory of. The statue of the Minute Man commemorates the valiant soldiers who fought in the Revolutionary War.

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Barron’s SAT I Basic Word List

commensurate ADJ./相当的，相称的/equal in extent. Your reward will be commensurate with your effort.

commiserate V./怜悯，同情/feel or express pity or sympathy for. Her friends commiserated with the widow.

commodious ADJ./宽敞，舒适/spacious and comfortable. After sleeping in small roadside cabins, they found their hotel suite commodious.

communal ADJ./公共的/held in common; of a group of people. When they were divorced, they had trouble dividing their communal property.

compact N./合约，合同/agreement; contract. The signers of the Mayflower Compact were establishing a form of government.

compact ADJ./紧密的，结实的/tightly packed; firm; brief. His short, compact body was better suited to wrestling than to basketball.

comparable ADJ./相似的/similar. People whose jobs are comparable in difficulty should receive comparable pay.

compatible ADJ./和谐的/harmonious; in harmony with. They were compatible neighbors, never quarreling over unimportant matters. compatibility, N.

compelling ADJ./强制的/overpowering; irresistible in effect. The prosecutor presented a well-reasoned case, but the defense attorney's compelling arguments for leniency won over the jury.

compensatory ADJ./补偿/making up for; repaying. Can a com pensatory education program make up for the inadequate schooling he received in earlier years?

compile V./聚集，积累，汇集/assemble; gather; accumulate. We planned to compile a list of the words most frequently used on SAT I examinations.

complacency N./自满；装模作样/self-satisfaction; smugness. Full of com placency about his latest victories, he looked smugly at the row of trophies on his mantelpiece. complacent,ADJ.

complaisant ADJ./彬彬有礼；殷勤/trying to please; obliging. The courtier obeyed the king's orders in a complaisant manner.

complement V./补足；完善/complete; consummate; make perfect. The waiter recommended a glass of port to complement the cheese. also N.

*complementary ADJ./补足的，完善的/serving to complete something. John and Lisa's skills are complementary. he's good at following a daily routine, while she's great at improvising and handling emergencies. Together they make a great team.

compliance N./顺从/readiness to yield; conformity in fulfilling requirements. Bullheaded Bill was not noted for easy com pliance with the demands of others. As an architect, however, Bill recognized that his design for the new school had to be in compliance with the local building code.

compliant ADJ./顺从/yielding. Because Joel usually gave in and went along with whatever his friends desired, his mother worried that he might be too compliant.

complicity N./共犯，共同/participation; involvement. You cannot keep your complicity in this affair secret very long; you would be wise to admit your involvement immediately.

component N./成分/element; ingredient. I wish all the compo nents of my stereo system were working at the same time.

composure N./镇定，沉着/mental calmness. Even the latest work crisis failed to shake her composure.

compound V./混合；组合；增加/combine; constitute; pay interest; increase. The makers of the popular cold remedy compounded a nasal decongestant with an antihistamine. also N.

comprehensive ADJ./全面的/thorough; inclusive. This book provides a comprehensive review of verbal and math skills for the SAT.

compress V./压缩/close; squeeze; contract. She compressed the package under her arm.

comprise V./包括/include; consist of. If the District of Columbia were to be granted statehood, the United States of America would comprise fifty-one states, not just fifty.

compromise V./危害；妥协/adjust or settle by making mutual concessions; endanger the interests or reputation of. Sometimes the presence of a neutral third party can help adversaries compromise their differences. Unfortunately, you're not neutral; therefore, your presence here compromises our chances of reaching an agreement. also N.

compunction N./后悔/remorse. The judge was especially severe in his sentencing because he felt that the criminal had shown no compunction for his heinous crime.

compute V./计算/reckon; calculate. He failed to compute the interest, so his bank balance was not accurate. computation, N.

concave ADJ./空的/hollow. The back-packers found partial shelter from the storm by huddling against the concave wall of the cliff.

concede V./勉强，让步，屈从/admit; yield. Despite all the evidence Monica had assembled, Mark refused to concede that she was right.

conceit N./自负，自大；离奇古怪的想法/vanity or self-love; whimsical idea; extravagant metaphor. Although Jack was smug and puffed up with conceit, he was an entertaining companion, always expressing himself in amusing conceits and witty turns of phrase.

concentric ADJ./同心/having a common center. The target was made of concentric circles.

conception N./开始，构思/beginning; forming of an idea. At the first conception of the work, he was consulted. conceive,V.

concerted ADJ./协调的/mutually agreed on; done together. All the Girl Scouts made a concerted effort to raise funds for their annual outing. When the movie star appeared, his fans let out a concerted sigh.

concession N./让步/an act of yielding. Before they could reach an agreement, both sides had to make certain concessions.

conciliatory ADJ./抚慰，调和/reconciling; soothing. She was still angry despite his conciliatory words. conciliate,V.

concise ADJ./简练/brief and compact. When you define a new word, be concise: the shorter the definition, the easier it is to remember.

contrived ADJ./做作的；牵强的/forced; artificial; not spontaneous. Feeling ill at ease with his new in-laws, James made a few contrived attempts at conversation and then retreated into silence.

controvert V./辩论；反驳/oppose with arguments; attempt to refute; contradict. The witness's testimony was so clear and her reputation for honesty so well-established that the defense attorney decided it was wiser to make no attempt to contro vertwhat she said.

contusion N./擦伤；撞伤/bruise. Black and blue after her fall, Sue was treated for contusions and abrasions.

conundrum N./谜语/riddle. During the long car ride, she invented conundrums to entertain the children.

convene V./召集，集合/assemble. Because much needed legislation had to be enacted, the governor ordered the legislature to convene in special session by January 15.

convention N./习俗，惯例/social or moral custom; established practice. Flying in the face of convention, George Sand shocked society by taking lovers and wearing men's clothes.

conventional ADJ./典型的；普通的/ordinary; typical. His conventional upbringing left him wholly unprepared for his wife's eccentric family.

converge V./聚合；接近/approach; tend to meet; come together. African-American men from all over the United States con verged on Washington to take part in the historic Million Men march.

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Barron’s SAT I Basic Word List

conversant ADJ./熟悉/familiar with. The lawyer is conversant with all the evidence.

converse N./相反的/opposite. The inevitable converse of peace is not war but annihilation.

converse V./聊天/chat; talk informally. Eva was all ears while Lulu and Lola conversed. Wasn't it rude of her to eavesdrop on their conversation? conversation, N.

convert N./改变；转换；皈依/one who has adopted a different religion or opinion. On his trip to Japan, though the President spoke at length about the virtues of American automobiles, he made few converts to his beliefs. also V.

convex ADJ./凸的/curving outward. He polished the convex lens of his telescope.

conveyance N./运输；交通工具/vehicle; transfer. During the transit strike, commuters used various kinds of conveyances.

conviction N./定罪；深信/judgment that someone is guilty of a crime; strongly held belief. Even her conviction for murder did not shake Peter's conviction that Harriet was innocent of the crime.

convivial ADJ./欢乐；高兴/festive; gay; characterized by joviality. The convivial celebrators of the victory sang their college songs.

convoke V./召集/call together. Congress was convoked at the outbreak of the emergency. convocation, N.

convoluted ADJ./围绕，卷绕；费解/coiled around; involved; intricate. His argument was so convoluted that few of us could follow it intelligently.

Copious ADJ./丰富的，大量的/plentiful. She had copious reasons for rejecting the proposal.

coquette N./卖弄风情的女子；蜂鸟/flirt. Because she refused to give him an answer to his proposal of marriage, he called her a coquette. also V.

cordial ADJ./亲切；衷心/gracious; heartfelt. Our hosts greeted us at the airport with a cordial welcome and a hearty hug.

cordon N./警戒线/extended line of men or fortifications to prevent access or egress. The police cordon was so tight that the criminals could not leave the area. also V.

cornucopia N./象征丰饶的羊角/horn overflowing with fruit and grain; symbol of abundance. The encyclopedia salesman claimed the new edition was a veritable cornucopia of information, an inexhaustible source of knowledge for the entire family.

corollary N./结果，产物/consequence; accompaniment. Brotherly love is a complex emotion, with sibling rivalry its natural corollary.

coronation N./加冕/ceremony of crowning a queen or king. When the witches told Macbeth he would be king, they failed to warn him he would lose his crown soon after his coronation.

corporeal ADJ./肉体的，物质的/bodily; material. The doctor had no patience with spiritual matters: his job was to attend to his patients' corporeal problems, not to minister to their souls.

corpulent ADJ./肥胖/very fat. The corpulent man resolved to reduce. corpulence, N.

correlation N./相互的关系/mutual relationship. He sought to determine the correlation that existed between ability in algebra and ability to interpret reading exercises. correlate, V., N.

corroborate V./确认；支持/confirm; support. Though Huck was quite willing to corroborate Tom's story, Aunt Polly knew better than to believe either of them.

corrode V./腐蚀/destroy by chemical action. The girders supporting the bridge corroded so gradually that no one suspected any danger until the bridge suddenly collapsed. corrosion, N.

corrosive ADJ./腐蚀性的/eating away by chemicals or disease. Stainless steel is able to withstand the effects of corrosive chemicals. corrode,V.

corrugated ADJ./皱的/wrinkled; ridged. She wished she could smooth away the wrinkles from his corrugated brow.

Cosmic ADJ./宇宙的；巨大的/pertaining to the universe; vast. Cosmic rays derive their name from the fact that they bombard the earth's atmosphere from outer space. COSMOS, N.

cosmopolitan ADJ./世界主义/sophisticated. Her years in the capitol had transformed her into a cosmopolitan young woman highly aware of international affairs.

coterie N./同行，圈内人/group that meets socially; select circle. After his book had been published, he was invited to join the literary coterie that lunched daily at the hotel.

countenance V./忍受；接受/approve; tolerate. He refused to counte nance such rude behavior on their part.

countenance N./脸/face. When Jose saw his newborn daughter, a proud smile spread across his countenance.

countermand V./取消；废除/cancel; revoke. The general countermanded the orders issued in his absence.

culvert N./水管/artificial channel for water. If we build a culvert under the road at this point, we will reduce the possibility of the road's being flooded during the rainy season.

cumbersome ADJ./粗笨的；累赘/heavy; hard to manage. He was burdened down with cumbersome parcels.

cumulative ADJ./累积/growing by addition. Vocabulary building is a cumulative process: as you go through your flash cards, you will add new words to your vocabulary, one by one.

cupidity N./贪婪/greed. The defeated people could not satisfy the cupidity of the conquerors, who demanded excessive tribute.

curator N./主管；经理/superintendent; manager. The members of the board of trustees of the museum expected the new curator to plan events and exhibitions that would make the museum more popular.

curmudgeon N./脾气坏；吝啬/churlish, miserly individual. Although he was regarded by many as a curmudgeon, a few of us were aware of the many kindnesses and acts of charity that he secretly performed.

cursive ADJ./流动的；连接的/flowing, running. In normal writing we run our letters together in cursive form; in printing, we separate the letters.

cursory ADJ./草率；匆忙/casual; hastily done. Because a cursory examination of the ruins indicates the possibility of arson, we believe the insurance agency should undertake a more extensive investigation of the fire's cause.

curtail V./减短；降低/shorten; reduce. When Herb asked Diane for a date, she said she was really sorry she couldn't go out with him, but her dad had ordered her to curtail her social life.

cynical ADJ./愤世嫉俗/skeptical or distrustful of human motives. Cyn ical from birth, Sidney was suspicious whenever anyone gave him a gift "with no strings attached." cynic, N.

cynosure N./广受注意的目标/the object of general attention. As soon as the movie star entered the room, she became the cynosure of all eyes.

dabble V./涉猎，尝试；溅/work at in a non-serious fashion; splash around. The amateur painter dabbled at art, but seldom produced a finished piece. The children dabbled their hands in the bird bath, splashing one another gleefully.

dais N./讲台/raised platform for guests of honor. When he approached the dais, he was greeted by cheers from the people who had come to honor him.

dank ADJ./湿的；湿透的/damp. The walls of the dungeon were dank and slimy.

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Barron’s SAT I Basic Word List

dapper ADJ./整齐的，优雅的/neat and trim. In "The Odd Couple" TV show, Tony Randall played Felix Unger, an excessively dapper soul who could not stand to have a hair out of place.

dappled ADJ./有斑点的/spotted. The sunlight filtering through the screens created a dappled effect on the wall.

daub V./涂抹/smear (as with paint). From the way he daubed his paint on the canvas, I could tell he knew nothing of oils. also N.

daunt V./惊吓；胁迫/intimidate; frighten. "Boast all you like of your prowess. Mere words cannot daunt me," the hero answered the villain.

dauntless ADJ./胆大的/bold. Despite the dangerous nature of the undertaking, the dauntless soldier volunteered for the assignment.

dawdle V./游手好闲；混日子/loiter; waste time. We have to meet a deadline so don't dawdle; just get down to work.

deadlock N./僵局/standstill; stalemate. Because negotiations had reached a deadlock, some of the delegates had begun to mutter about breaking off the talks. also V.

deadpan ADJ./没有表情的；呆板的/wooden; impersonal. We wanted to see how long he could maintain his deadpan expression.

dearth N./稀缺；缺乏/scarcity. The dearth of skilled labor compelled the employers to open trade schools.

debacle N./崩溃/sudden downfall; complete disaster. In the Air plane movies, every flight turns into a debacle, with passengers and crew members collapsing, engines falling apart, and carry-on baggage popping out of the overhead bins.

debase V./贬低，降低/reduce in quality or value; lower in esteem; degrade. In The King and l, Anna refuses to kneel down and prostrate herself before the king, for she feels that to do so would debase her position, and she will not submit to such debasement.

debauch V./堕落，放荡/corrupt; seduce from virtue. Did Socrates' teachings lead the young men of Athens to be virtuous citizens, or did they debauch the young men, causing them to question the customs of their fathers? Clearly, Socrates' philosophical talks were nothing like the wild debauchery of the toga parties in Animal House.

debilitate V./使虚弱，衰弱/weaken; enfeeble. Michael's severe bout of the flu debilitated him so much that he was too tired to go to work for a week.

debonair ADJ./温文尔雅；友好；殷勤/friendly; aiming to please. The debonair youth was liked by all who met him, because of his cheerful and obliging manner.

debris N./碎片；残骸/rubble. A full year after the earthquake in Mexico City, they were still carting away the debris.

debunk V./揭穿；奚落/expose as false, exaggerated, worthless, etc; ridicule. Pointing out that he consistently had voted against strengthening anti-pollution legislation, reporters debunked the candidate's claim that he was a fervent environmentalist.

debutante N./初次参加社交活动的女孩/young woman making formal entrance into society. As a debutante, she was often mentioned in the society columns of the newspapers.

decadence N./颓废；腐坏/decay. The moral decadence of the people was reflected in the lewd literature of the period.

decapitate V./斩首，杀头/behead. They did not hang Lady Jane Grey; they decapitated her. "Off with her head!" cried the Duchess, eager to decapitate poor Alice.

decelerate V./减慢/slow down. Seeing the emergency blinkers in the road ahead, he decelerated quickly.

Word List 13deciduous-dermatologist

deciduous ADJ./落叶的/falling off as of leaves. The oak is a decid uous tree; in winter it looks quite bare.

decimate V./残杀（十个里面杀一个）/kill, usually one out of ten. We do more to decimate our population in automobile accidents than we do in war.

decipher V./破译，解密/interpret secret code. Lacking his code book, the spy was unable to decipher the scrambled message sent to him from the KGB.

declivity N./下坡/downward slope. The children loved to ski down the declivity.

decollete ADJ./低肩露颈的服装/having a low-necked dress. Current fashion decrees that evening gowns be decollete this season; bare shoulders are again the vogue.

decomposition N./瓦解；腐烂/decay. Despite the body's advanced state of decomposition, the police were able to identify the murdered man.

decorum N./礼貌；温文尔雅/propriety; orderliness and good taste in manners. Even the best-mannered students have trouble behaving with decorum on the last day of school. decorous,ADJ.

decoy N./引诱/lure or bait. The wild ducks were not fooled by the decoy. also V.

decrepit ADJ./老化，磨损/worn out by age. The decrepit car blocked traffic on the highway.

decrepitude N./衰老；老耄/state of collapse caused by illness or old age. I was unprepared for the state of decrepitude in which I had found my old friend; he seemed to have aged twenty years in six months.

decry V./强烈反对/express strong disapproval of; disparage. The founder of the Children's Defense Fund, Marian Wright Edelman, strongly decries the lack of financial and moral support for children in America today.

deducible ADJ./可推导的，可推论的/derived by reasoning. If we accept your premise, your conclusions are easily deducible.

deface V./丑化/mar; disfigure. If you deface a library book, you will have to pay a hefty fine.

defame V./丑化；诽谤/harm someone's reputation; malign; slander. If you try to defame my good name, my lawyers will see you in court. If rival candidates persist in defaming one another, the voters may conclude that all politicians are crooks. defamation, N.

default N./不作为，无动于衷/failure to act. When the visiting team failed to show up for the big game, they lost the game by default. When Jack failed to make the payments on his Jaguar, the dealership took back the car because he had defaulted on his debt.

defeatist ADJ./失败主义者/attitude of one who is ready to accept defeat as a natural outcome. If you maintain your defeatist attitude, you will never succeed. also N.

defection N./缺点；逃跑，叛逃/desertion. The children, who had made him an idol, were hurt most by his defection from our cause.

defer V./推迟，延期/delay till later; exempt temporarily. In wartime, some young men immediately volunteer to serve; others

defer /缓招/making plans until they hear from their draft boards. During the Vietnam War, many young men, hoping to be deferred, requested student deferments.

defer V./听从/give in respectfully; submit. When it comes to making decisions about purchasing software, we must defer to Michael, our computer guru; he gets the final word. Michael, however, can defer these questions to no one; only he can decide.

deference N./尊重的，尊重他人的/courteous regard for another's wish. In deference to the minister's request, please do not take photographs during the wedding service.

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