广西贺州市2016高考英语二轮复习 社会文化阅读理解精练(3)

社会文化阅读理解精练（3）

社会文化（阅读理解）由 (2010安徽,C)改编

American cities are similar to other cities around the world:In every country,cities reflect the values of the culture.American cities are changing, just as American society is changing.

After World War Ⅱ,the population of most large American cities decreased;however,the population in many Sun Belt cities increased.Los Angeles and Houston are cities where population shifts (转移) to and from the city reflect the changing values of American society.In the late 1940s and early 1950s,city residents (居民) became wealthier.They had more children so they needed more space.They moved out of their apartments in the city to buy their own homes.They bought houses in the suburbs (郊区).

Now things are changing.The children of the people who left the cities in the 1950s are now adults.Many, unlike their parents, want to live in the cities.They continue to move to Sun Belt cities and older ones of the Northeast and Midwest.Many young professionals are moving back into the city.They prefer the city to the suburbs because their jobs are there; or they just enjoy the excitement and possibilities that the city offers.

This population shift is bringing problems as well as benefits.Countless poor people must leave their apartments in the city because the owners want to sell the buildings or make apartments for sale instead of for rent.In the 1950s, many poor people did not have enough money to move to the suburbs; now many of these same people do not have enough money to stay in the cities.

Only a few years ago, people thought that the older American cities were dying.Some city residents now see a bright, new future.Others see only problems and conflicts.One thing is sure:many dying cities are alive again.

1.What does the author think of cities all over the world?( ) A.They are alive. B.They are hopeless.

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C.They are similar. D.They are different.

2.Why did American city residents want to live in the suburbs after World War Ⅱ?( ) A.Because older American cities were dying. B.Because they were richer and needed more space. C.Because cities contained the worst parts of society. D.Because they could hardly afford to live in the city.

3.According to the 4th paragraph, a great many poor people in American cities .

A.are faced with housing problems B.are forced to move to the suburbs C.want to sell their buildings D.need more money for daily expenses

4.We can conclude from the text that . A.American cities are changing for the worse B.people have different views on American cities C.many people are now moving from American cities D.the population is decreasing in older American cities

语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。作者向我们叙述了二战后以及现在美国城市中人们的变迁,从侧面反射出贫富差别给人们带来的影响。

答案及剖析:1.C 事实细节题。由第一段第一句可知美国的城市和世界其他城市是类似的。故选C。

2.B 推理判断题。由第二段最后四句可知城市居民变得富有,他们有较多的孩子,需要较大的空间,因此他们想搬到郊区。故选B。

3.A 推理判断题。由第四段第二句可知:无数的穷人必须离开他们的公寓,因为房东想卖掉他们的房子而不想出租了。故选A。而B和第四段倒数第二句矛盾;C的主语应该是房东(the owners);D未提到。

4.B 推理判断题。由文章最后一段可知不同的人对城市有不同的观点,故选B。A和第一段最后一句矛盾,the worse错误;C的主语应该是many poor people;文中没有和D相关的信息。

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【长难句子分析】

无数的穷人必须离开他们市里的公寓,因为房东想卖掉他们的房子而不想出租了。

句中的because the owners want to sell the buildings or make apartments for sale instead of for rent是原因状语从句,for sale待售;for rent出租。

阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

Blue planets Space is not black，but light green，a team of astronomers announced on January 10.They studied the light sent out by 200 000 galaxies.What they found was that the average colour of the universe is a bit greener than turquoise(绿宝石)．

The discovery was part of an attempt to test theories about how stars and galaxies form.Most astronomers believe that the universe probably started with a“blue period”when young blue stars filled space.Now the universe is in a“green period”．They believe it will finally enter a“red period”when the older，redder stars appear.

“The reason for the colour changing is that the rate of stars forming is changing，”said Ivan Baldry，an astronomer who worked to find the average colour of light in the universe.

Research presented by NASA scientists shows that the highest point of star-forming may have occurred earlier than previously(以前)believed.It was probably very soon after the“Big Bang(宇宙大爆炸)”that many scientists believe gave birth to the universe.

There is no way any human could actually see the green colour.“The only way to see it is if you saw all the universe from the same distance away and it was not moving，”Baldry said.Baldry and his co-worker，Karl Glazebrook，have both joked about possible marketing(营销)opportunities for the new colour.

Perhaps colour-of-the-universe T-shirts or coffee cups could become popular.But

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Baldry allowed，“I don't know if you can patent(专利)a colour，that's not our business.We haven't actually been to a paint shop yet to see if they have a name for this.”

1．The astronomers discovered the colour of the universe________. A．when they were researching on the age of the universe

B．when they attempted to test theories about the forming of stars and galaxies C．to prove that the universe is continuously changing

D．and showed that the stars and galaxies may have formed earlier than previously believed

答案：B 第二段第一句“The discovery was part of an attempt to test theories about how stars and galaxies form.”说明了discovery是在理论检测过程当中作出的。 2．According to the astronomers，________.

A．the universe is changing its colour all the time B．all the heavenly bodies are green at present C．the universe has changed its colour several times D．the universe will finally turn red

答案：D 第二段最后一句“They believe it will finally enter a‘red period' when the older，redder stars appear.”为该选项提供了依据。从第二段可看出宇宙的颜色由蓝到绿，最终将变而还会变红，所以C选项中的已经变了几次不符合事实。而all the heavenly bodies远远大于文中的stars这一范围。A选项中的all the time表示的频率过高。 3．We can infer that the most popular colour of T-shirts would be________. A．red C．green

B．blue D．light green

答案：D 综合第一段第三句“What they found was that the average colour of the universe is a bit greener than turquoise(绿宝石)”和最后一段第一句“Perhaps

colour-of-the-universe T-shirts or coffee cups could become popular.”可看出答案。 4．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? A．No human can see the real colour of the universe.

B．The theory of“Big Bang”is widely received by scientists.

C．The rate of stars forming is causing the change of the universe's colour. D．Humans can receive light from at least 200,000 galaxies.

答案：A D选项来自于第一段第二句；C选项来自第三段第一句；B选项来自第四段最后一句。A选项与第六段有很大的差异。

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【阅读理解】

William Butler Yeats, a most famous Irish writer, was born in Dublin on June 13,1865. His childhood lacked the harmony (和睦) that was typical of a happy family. Later, Yeats shocked his family by saying that he remembered “little of childhood but its pain”. In fact, he inherited (继承) excellent taste in art from his family—both his father and his brother were painters. But he finally settled on literature, particularly drama (戏剧) and poetry.

Yeats had strong faith in the coming of new artistic movements. He set himself the fresh task in founding an Irish national theatre in the late 1890s.His early theatrical experiments，however，were not received favorably at the beginning. He didn't lose heart，and finally enjoyed success in his poetical drama.

Compared with his dramatic works, Yeats's poems attract much admiring notice.The subject matter includes love，nature，history，time and aging. Though Yeats generally relied on very traditional forms, he brought modern sensibility to them. As his literary life progressed, his poetry grew finer and richer, which led him to worldwide recognition.

He had not enjoyed a major public life since winning the Nobel Prize in 1923.Yet，he continued writing almost to the end of his life. Had Yeats stopped writing at age 40，he would probably now be valued as a minor poet, for there is no other example in literary history of a poet who produces his greatest works between the ages of 50 and 75. After Yeats's death in 1939, W．H. Auden wrote, among others, the following lines：

Earth，receive an honoured guest： William Yeats is laid to rest. Let the Irish vessel (船) lie Emptied of its poetry.

本文介绍了爱尔兰著名作家威廉·巴特勒叶慈，他在19世纪90年代成立了爱尔兰国家剧院，他以诗体戏剧及诗歌闻名，于1923年获得了诺贝尔奖。 1．Which of the following can describe Yeats's family?

A．It filled Yeats's childhood with laughter. B．It was shocked by Yeats's choice. C．It was a typically wealthy family. D．It had an artistic atmosphere. 答案：D。细节理解题。根据短文第一段倒数第二句话可知：他从家人那儿继承了很好的艺术

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鉴赏能力，他的父亲和哥哥都是画家，证明他是在一个有艺术氛围的家庭中长大。 2．According to the passage，what do we know about Yeats's life? A．Yeats founded the first Irish theater. B．Yeats stuck to modern forms in his poetry.

C．Yeats began to produce his best works from the 1910s.

D．Yeats was not favored by the public until the 1923 Noble Prize.

答案：C。细节理解题。根据短文第二段第二句话“He set himself...theatre in the late 1890s.”可知A项不对。根据第三段第三句话“Though Yeats...to them”可知，B项不对。根据第三段最后一句话可知，D项不对。由此可知C项正确。 3．What kind of feeling is expressed in W．H.Auden's lines? A．Envy. B．Sympathy. C．Emptiness. D．Admiration.

答案：D。推理判断题。envy忌妒；sympathy同情；emptiness空虚；admiration敬佩，钦佩。Auden的诗词中有honored guest，最尊敬的客人，可知Auden是敬佩叶慈的。 4．What is the passage mainly about? A. Yeats's literary achievements. C. Yeats's artistic ambition.

B. Yeats's historical influence. D. Yeats's national honor.

答案：A。主旨大意题。本文主要讲述作家叶慈在文学方面所取得的成绩，他的诗体戏剧获得了很大的成功，他的诗歌赢得了广泛的认可，1923年，他获得了诺贝尔文学奖。

【阅读理解】

The multi-million pound new Library of Birmingham(LoB)will be the most visible sign of the way the city is accepting the digitalization(数字化)of everyday life. Set to open in 2013, the ￡188m LoB is already beginning to take shape next to the Birmingham Repertory Theatre, with which it will share some equipment.

As digital media(媒介)is important to its_idea,_the project is already providing chances for some of the many small new local companies working at the new technologies. Brian Gambles, the LoB project director, says it is about giving people the right tools for learning：“The aim is to mix the physical with the digital, providing 24-hour services which can be used through many different ways. It is important to enable us to reach more people, more effectively.”

The digital library will, he says, be as important as the physical one, allowing the distant use of the services, making sure that it is never closed to the public.

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Even before the LoB is complete, the public has been able to go online to visit the Virtual(虚拟的)LoB, designed by Baden, the Birmingham virtual worlds specialists. Not only have the public been able to learn about the LoB, but the virtual one has also enabled those working on the LoB to understand the building and how it will work before it even opens.

Two other small Birmingham-based digital companies are also working on the LoB projects. Substrat, a digital design company, is developing what it calls an example of an “enlarged reality” project. It is about the use of an exciting smart phone, an important part of the LoB which is in the early stages of development. And The People's Archice is an online library of historical figures of the city being built up by a digital content company in Cahoots, in which users will be encouraged to add to and comment on the material.

Gambles says: “Technology will enable us to make the library's content and services open to citizens as never before.”

投资数百万英镑的伯明翰新建图书馆将会是目前很有代表性的数字化图书馆，在这样的图书馆，人们将会体验新的阅览工具，并且能够真正做图书馆的主人，即：能够参与图书内容的增补与建议。

1．The underlined part “its idea” in Paragraph 3 refers to the idea of ________. A．the equipment C．the digital media

B．the project

D．the physical library

答案：B。词义猜测题。根据下一句话的信息词“the project is already providing...”可以断定此处的代词its 指的就是the project。

2．While visiting the Virtual LoB, the public can ________. A．get a general idea of the LoB B．meet many world-famous experts

C． learn how to put up a library building

D．understand how the specialists work on the project

答案：A。细节判断题。在倒数第三段中，信息句“Not only have the public been able to learn about the LoB...”可以给以提示：即：公众可以很好地了解LoB的具体情况，即同选项A所说的一样。

3．Which of the following is TRUE of the LoB when it opens? a．It offers better learning tools. b．It reaches users in different ways. c．It provides users with smart phones.

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d．It allows users to enrich its material.

e．It gives non-stop physical and digital services. A．a，b，d B．a，c，e C．b，c，d D．b，d，e

答案：A。细节判断题。 在文章的第三段中提到这样“right tools for learning”“used through many different ways ”以及倒数第二段的最后“add to and comment on the material”都表明了关于开放时的LoB的情况，即同选项A。 4．The text is most probably taken from ________. A．a computer book C．a project handbook

B．a library guide D．a newspaper report

答案：D。文章出处判断题。既然是针对于公众的信息，应该是面对普通公众，即选择最大众化的媒体，即新闻报道。

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