充电器外壳课设说明书

摘 要

本模具设计过程中分析了常用日用品充电器的工艺特性，并介绍了ABS材料的成型工艺特点，在模具结构设计过程中提出了不同成型的方案并进行了比较，采取了最隹的成型方案。同时，详细地分析了模具结构与计算，其中模具结构的设计既是重点又是难点，主要包括成型位置的及分型面的选择，模具型腔数的确定及型腔的排列和流道布局和浇口位置的选择，模具工作零件的结构设计，侧面分型及抽芯机构的设计，推出机构的设计，拉料杆的形式选择，排气方式设计等。最后还对模具的成型零件进行了加工工艺的分析和设备的校核，还说明了模具的工作原理，并且绘制出模具的总装图和非标准零件工作图。

本设计方案结构紧凑，满足制品大批量生产、高精度、外形复杂的要求，设计参考了以往注射模具的设计经验，并结合制件性能，简化设计机构，并且运用AutoCAD、Pro-E等软件进行二维和三维绘图，实现短的生产周期和良好的经济性能。

关键词：充电器外壳；塑料注射模；装配

Abstract

This molding tool designed to analyze the Charger Cover in the life and introduced ABS modeling of material craft characteristics,Put forward the project that the dissimilarity models in the molding tool structure design process and carry on than, Die structure which is the focus of the design is difficult, including the location and the molding surface of choice, to determine the number of mold cavity and the cavity flow arrangement and the layout and the choice of gate location, mold parts of the structure of work design, the side core pulling type and design of institutions, the introduction of the design of institutions, under the form of drawing materials selection, design, such as exhaust.Adopted most modeling of Zhui project.In the meantime, in detail analyzed molding tool structure and calculation.The end still modeled spare parts to carry on to process the analysis of the craft and pit in the school of the equipments to the molding tool.Also explained the work principle of molding tool, and drew always packing of a molding tool diagram and not- standard spare parts work diagram.

This structure of design plan is compactness. Meet products producing in enormous quantities, demand with complicated high accuracy and appearance. Have designed and consulted the design experience that injected the mould in the past. Combine and make a performance. Simplify the design institute. And use such software as AutoCAD , Pro-E ,etc. to carry on the two-dimensional or three-dimensional drawing .Realize short production cycle and good economic performance.

Keyword： Charger Cover；The plastics inject the mould；assembly

目 录

引言············································································································································1

1.绪论 ········································································································································2

1.1模具概括························································································································2

1.1.1模具介绍 ···············································································································2 1.1.2模具工业 ···············································································································3 1.2课题的来源、目的、意义····························································································4 1.3课题主要内容和工作方法 ····························································································5 1.4解决的重点问题与创新 ·····································································································7 1.4.1分型面位置的确定 ···································································································7

1.4.2浇口位置的影响 ······································································································7

2.塑件成型工艺分析 ······················································································································8

2.1塑件的分析 ·······················································································································8

2.1.1外形尺寸 ···············································································································8

2.1.2尺寸精度 ···············································································································8 2.1.3使用环境 ···············································································································9 2.1.4电气性能 ···············································································································9 2.1.5外观要求 ···············································································································9 2.1.6脱模斜度 ···············································································································9 2.1.7其他要求 ···············································································································9 2.2塑件材料的选用与性能分析 ······························································································9 2.2.1ABS材料的性能概述： ····························································································9 2.2.2 ABS主要技术指标 ······························································································· 10 2.3 ABS的注射成型过程及工艺参数 ···················································································· 10 2.3.1注射成型过程 ······································································································ 10 2.3.2注射工艺参数 ······································································································ 11

3.拟定模具的结构形式················································································································ 11

3.1分型面位置的确定·········································································································· 11

3.2型腔数量确定················································································································· 13 3.3注射机型号的确定·········································································································· 13

3.3.1体积和质量的计算 ······························································································· 13 3.3.2选择注射机·········································································································· 14 3.3.3注射机的县官参数的校核····················································································· 15

4.浇注系统的设计······················································································································· 16

4.1主流道的设计················································································································· 16

4.1.1主流道的长度 ······································································································ 16

4.1.2主流道小端直径··································································································· 17 4.1.3主流道球面半径··································································································· 17 4.1.4球面配合高度 ······································································································ 17

4.1.5主流道锥角·········································································································· 17 4.1.6主流道大端直径··································································································· 17 4.1.7主流道衬套为标准件可选够 ················································································· 17 4.1.8定位圈尺寸·········································································································· 17 4.2分流道的设计················································································································· 18

4.2.1分流道的分布形式 ······························································································· 18

4.2.2分流道的形状与尺寸···························································································· 18 4.2.3分流道的表面粗糙度···························································································· 19 4.3浇口的设计 ···················································································································· 19

4.3.1侧浇口深度的计算 ······························································································· 19 4.3.2侧浇口宽度的计算 ······························································································· 19

4.3.3侧浇口长度的计算 ······························································································· 20 4.3.4浇口位置的确定··································································································· 20 4.4冷料穴和拉料杆的设计··································································································· 20 5.

成型零件的设计 ············································································································ 21 5.1成型零件的结构设计 ······································································································ 22

5.1.1凹模的结构设计··································································································· 22 5.1.2凸模的结构设计（型芯）····················································································· 22 5.2成型零件钢材的选用 ······································································································ 23 5.3成型零件工作尺寸的计算 ······························································································· 23

5.3.1定模板凹模径向尺寸的计算 ················································································· 23 5.3.2动模板凹模径向尺寸的计算 ················································································· 24 5.3.3凹模深度尺寸的计算···························································································· 24 5.3.4型芯径向尺寸的计算···························································································· 24 5.3.5型芯高度尺寸的计算···························································································· 25 5.3.6中心距尺寸的计算 ······························································································· 25 5.4成型零件尺寸及动模垫板厚度的计算 ············································································· 25

5.4.1动模板凹模侧壁厚度的计算 ················································································· 25 5.4.2定模板凹模底板厚度的计算 ················································································· 26

5.4.3动模板凹模底板的计算 ························································································ 26

6.脱模推出机构的设计················································································································ 26 6.1脱模力的计算················································································································· 27

6.1.1主型芯脱模力 ······································································································ 27

6.1.2 侧型芯脱模力 ··································································································· 28 6.2 推出方式的确定 ············································································································ 29 6.2.1推出面积 ············································································································· 29 6.2.2推杆推出应力 ······································································································ 29 7.侧向分型与抽芯机构设计········································································································· 29 7.1侧向分型与抽芯机类型的确定 ························································································ 30

7.2抽芯力的确定················································································································· 30 7.3抽芯距的确定················································································································· 30 7.4斜导柱有效长度的计算··································································································· 31 7.5斜导柱弯曲力的计算 ······································································································ 31 7.6斜导柱截面尺寸的确定··································································································· 31

7.7斜导柱长度及开模行程计算： ························································································ 31 7.8斜导柱与滑块斜孔的配合 ······························································································· 32 7.9侧滑块型芯的设计·········································································································· 32

7.9.1滑块的导滑形式··································································································· 32

7.9.2滑块的长度·········································································································· 32 7.9.3滑块的定位装置··································································································· 32 7.9.4滑块的尺寸·········································································································· 32 7.10楔紧块的设计 ··············································································································· 32 7.10.1滑块锁紧楔形式 ································································································· 32

7.10.2楔紧块的楔紧角 ································································································· 33

8.模架的确定 ······························································································································ 33 8.1模架的选型 ···················································································································· 33

8.2确定模架大小 ················································································································ 33 8.3垫块高度的计算 ············································································································· 33 8.4模架的选用 ···················································································································· 34 9.排气系统的设计······················································································································· 34 10.温度调节系统的设计 ·············································································································· 34

10.1冷却介质 ······················································································································ 34

10.2冷却系统的简略计算 ···································································································· 35

10.2.1求塑件在固化时每分钟释放的热量Q ·································································· 35 10.2.2求冷却水的体积流量 ·························································································· 35 10.2.3求冷却管道直径d ····························································································· 35

10.2.4求冷却水在管道内的流速v················································································ 35 10.2.5求冷却管道孔壁与冷却水之间的传热膜系数h ···················································· 36 10.2.6求冷却管道总传热面积A···················································································· 36 10.2.7求模具上应该开设的冷却管道的孔数n······························································· 36 10.3冷却装置的布置 ··········································································································· 36 11.注射机安装尺寸的校核 ·········································································································· 37

11.1最大与最小模具厚度校核 ····························································································· 37 11.2开模行程校核 ··············································································································· 37 11.3推出机构的校核 ··········································································································· 37 11.4模架出出与注射机拉杆内间距校核 ··············································································· 37 结束语 ········································································································································ 38 致谢 ············································································································································ 39 参考文献 ····································································································································· 40

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