2011-学习资料大全：2011最新版考研英语词汇下载（免费下载）

知识改变命运 勤奋塑造成功 整理人 时间 落叶 2011-4-15 天才是百分之九十九的勤奋加百分之一的灵感

2011-2012考研英语词汇

第一部分 考研英语核心词汇

记单词时不要采用从A——Z的顺序，而是要灵活搭配，比如A和J， B和O，C和N，D和L等，这样记起来既不觉得累又有成就感。一定记住吴老师的建议：每天晚上看1-2页，把自己已经记住的暂时划出来，第二天早上无论多忙都要把前一天晚上看过的单词复习一遍，然后再分别过3天、7天、15天、30天各复习一遍，坚持下来，到考前一周看最后一遍时，你会觉得大部分单词都已经很熟悉了。另外，务必要把自己做过的历年真题或模拟题中的词汇题集中整理起来，这样的对比记忆特别有助于我们对近义近形词汇的辨析。这样坚持学习，双管齐下，一定会n取得良好学习效果！ abide 遵循（…by）；容忍 The one thig she cannot abide is lying. abnormal 反常的 abnormal behavior

abolish 彻底废除（法律、制度、习俗等）abolish old custom abrupt 突然的，意外的 an abrupt departure

absolute 纯粹的，完全的 have absolute trust in sb. absorb 吸收，吸进 A sponge absorbs water.

abstract 抽象的 A flower is beautiful, but beauty itself is abstract.

absurd 荒谬的，荒唐的 The idea that number 14 brings bad luck is absurd. abuse 滥用 abuse one's authority(office) aaccelerate 加速，增速 accelerate one’s steps

access 接近（或进入）的机会 have regular and immediate access to the President accommodate 使适应，使符合一致 accommodate oneself to changed circumstances accompany 陪伴，伴随 She was accompanied to a dinner by her friend. accomplish 达到（目的），完成（任务），实现（计划，诺言等） accomplish one's purpose accord 使符合，相一致(with) His violent action do not accord with his peaceful words. account 记述，叙述 give a brief account of what has happened accumulate 积累，积攒，积聚 accumulate wisdom accurate 准确的，精确的 an accurate estimate

accuse 指控，指责 They accused her publicly of stealing their books. accustom 使习惯于 accustom oneself to rising (to rise) early acquaint 使认识，使了解

activate 使活动起来，使开始起作用，启动 They have planted secret agents in many countries

who could be activated whenever needed.

acute 尖锐的，敏锐的 an acute thinker

adapt （使）适应 adapt oneself to new conditions address 演说 a television address

adhere 黏附，附着 Paste is used to make one surface adhere to another. adjacent 临近的，毗邻的(to) a city and its adjacent suburbs adjoin 贴近，与...毗邻 His house adjoins the lake.

administrate 掌管，料理...的事务 In many Japanese homes, the funds are administrated by the

wife.

adolescent （尤指16岁以下的）青少年 a film aimed at adolescents advance 使向前移动 advance a chessman

advantage 有利条件，优点 Sitting Presidents hold built-in advantages when seeking another term.

adverse 不友好的，敌对的 She felt adverse to her husband's friends. advocate 拥护，提倡，主张 advocate self-defence aesthetic 美学的，艺术的，审美 an aesthetic theory

affliliate 使隶属（或附属）于，使成为会员 a government affiliated company affirm 断言，申明 affirm the truth of a statement

aggravate 加重，加剧，恶化 aggravate the declining economy aggressive 侵犯的，侵略的 an aggressive weapon

agitate 搅动（液体等） The machine agitated the mixture.

alarm 惊恐，忧虑 The bandits scattered in alarm.

alert 警惕的，留神的 In our reading we should always be alert for new usages. alien 外国的 adjust to an alien culture

allege 断言，宣称 The newspaper alleges the mayor's guilt. allocate 分配，分派，把...拨给 allocate funds for new projects allied 结盟的，有关联的 allied nations

allow 允给，准许，允许 He missed her more than he would allow himself to admit. allowance 津贴，补贴，零用钱 a housing allowance alter 改变，更改 alter an attitude

alternate 交替，轮流 Night and day alternate.

amateur （艺术，科学等的）业余爱好者 an amateur golfer amaze 使惊愕，使惊异 I am amazed that he should get the post. ambiguous 含糊不清的，模棱两可的 an ambiguous answer

ambition （对名利等的）强烈欲望，野心 His political ambitions still burn. amend 修改，修订 amend the spelling in sb.'s paper

amuse 逗乐，逗笑，给...提供娱乐（或消遣） The clown at the circus amused the children. anchor 锚 The anchor catches (drags).

announce 宣布，声称 It is officially announced that he will not run for reelection. annoy 使恼怒，使生气 She was annoyed at (with) his lightheard attitude. annual 每年的，年度的 the annual output of steel

anonymous 匿名的，无名的 an anonymous letter (phone call) answer 回答，响应 Henry took ages to answer the door.

anticipate 预期，预料 The directors anticipated a fall in demand (that demand would fall).

anxious 焦虑的，发愁的(about, at) They become anxious at her delay.

apart 成零碎 Such cheap clothes come apart after a few washings.

apparent 显然的，明明白白的 It was apparent that they all understood. appeal 呼吁，恳求 I appealed to the children to make less noise.

applaud 鼓掌，喝彩，叫好 The audience applauds the performers for three minutes. apply 涂，敷 He applied two coats of paint to the table.

appoint 任命，委派 They appointed his father (to be 或as) postmaster. appraise 估量，估计 appraise the infant's weight appreciate 感激 I appreciated your help much.

apprehend 对...担心 Do you apprehend that there will be any difficulty? approach 靠近，接近 John is approaching manhood.

appropriate 恰当的，相称的 Plain, simple clothes are appropriate for school wear. approve 赞成，同意 I couldn't approve his conduct.

approximate 大概的，大约的，近似的 The approximate time is 10 o'clock. apt （习性）易于......的，有......倾向的 A careless person is apt to make mistakes. arbitrary 随心所欲的，个人武断的，任意的 an arbitrary choice arise 起立，起身 arise from one's seat

arouse 使......奋发 A man like Tom will be aroused. Don’t worry. array 排列，队形 The troops were formed in battle array.

articulate 发音清晰的，善于表达的 He is articulate about everything in the field of economics.

artificial 人工的，人造的，人为的 artificial price controls ascend 登高，（渐渐）上升，升高 The airplane ascended into the cloud. ascertain 查明，弄清，确定 I ascertained that he was dead. ashamed 惭愧的，羞耻的 I am ashamed for being so stupid. ashore 向岸，向陆地 He swam ashore. aside 在旁边 We stood aside to let her pass.

assault 攻击，袭击 We made an assault on the enemy fort.

assemble 集合，召集 assemble the members of Parliament for a special meeting. assert 肯定地说（出），坚定地断言 He asserted his innocence. assess 估价，评价，评论 assess the present state of the economy assign 分配，布置（作业） The teacher assigned (us) a new lesson.

assimilate 吸收，消化 He is quick to assimilate new ideas. associate （使）联系，（使）结合 We naturally associated the name of Darwin with the doctrine of evolution.

assume 假定，假设 Farmers will have a bumper harvest, assuming (that) the weather si favarable.

assure 深信不疑地对......说，向......保证

assurance 保证，把握，信心 He gave me his assurance that he would help. astonish 使惊讶 I was astonished at his sudden appearance. attach 系，贴，连接 attach a label to a suitcase

attain 达到，获得 attain one’s goal

attend 出席，参加（会议等） attend a wedding

attendance 出席，参加，出席人数，出席率 Our class has perfect attendance today.

attentive 注意的，专心的 an attentive audience

attribute 把归因于，把......（过错的责任等）归于(to) He attributed his success to hard work. auxiliary 辅助的 an auxiliary rocket

avail 有利于，有助于 Will force alone avail us?

average 平均数，平均 The paper receives an average of nearly 100 articles a day. avert 挡开，防止，避免 Many traffic accidents can be averted by courtesy. awake 醒，觉醒 awake from sleep

award 授予（奖品等） The university awarded him an honorary degree. ban （以官方明令）禁止，取缔 He was banned from entering the city. bang （突发的） sudden loud bang bar 条，块，杆，棒 a bar of gold

bare 赤裸的，光秃的，空无内容的 walk in bare feet

beforehand 预先，事先 If you wanted soup for lunch you should have told me beforehand. behave 举止端正，听话 Do behave.

bewilder 使迷惑，使糊涂 I’m bewildered as to which one to buy. bias 偏见，偏心 have a bias against sb.(或sth.)

blame 责备，责怪 Public opinion blames Mrs Smith for leading the girl astray. blast 一阵（风），一股（气流） a blast of wind blaze 火焰 The fire sprang into a blaze.

blunt 钝的 The sun was blazing down and the heat was oppressive. blush （因害羞、激动、窘困）脸红 blush with(或for) joy

boast 自吹自擂，自夸的话 He is full of boasts. bolt 螺栓，（门，窗的）插销 a small bag of nuts and bolts

boom 低沉有回响的声音 The great bell tolled with a deep boom.

border 边界，边境，边沿 a district on the Kampuchean side of the border with Thailand bore 钻孔，挖（通道） bore through a wall

bounce 弹起，反弹 The ball doesn’t bounce well.

bound 跳跃，弹回 She bounded to her feet and waved her right hand triumphantly. boycott （联合起来）抑制，拒绝参加 boycott uncooperative manufactures brace 托架，支架 He braced his muscles and lifted the weight. breed （使）繁殖 Rabbits breed families rapidly. bribe 贿赂 accept(或take)a bribe from sb. brief 短暂的，简短的，简洁的 a brief holiday brisk 轻快的，生气勃勃的 a brisk pace brittle 易碎的，一碰就破的 brittle glass brush 刷子，毛刷 a laundry brush

bump 碰，撞(against, into) The truck bumped against the wall in the dark. burst 爆炸，爆裂 The boiler burst.

calculate 计算，推算 calculate the distance between New York and Chicago call 喊，叫 Please call the names of all the people who are present. cancel 取消，废除，删去 cancel a trip

capture 俘虏，捕获 capture butterflies

case 事例，事实，事情 This is a case of poor judgment.

cast 投，扔，抛，撒，掷 cast doubt(s) on the feasibility of a scheme

casual 偶然的，无计划的，随便的，非正式的 a casual meeting

cease 停止，终止，结束 The music ceased suddenly.

certify 证明，证实 The accounts were certified (as) correct.

challenge 向...挑战 Our school challenged the local champion team to a football match. character （事物的）性质，特质 The furniture in Tom’s apartment was pretentious and without character. charge 要（价），收（费） The airlines charge half price for students. charm 魅力，魔力 This thriving resort town has retained its village charm. chase 追逐，追求 The police chased the escaping thief and caught him at last. check 使突然停止，制止 check one’s steps cherish 珍爱，珍视 cherish one’s native land chew 嚼，咀嚼 He chewed a mouthful of meat. choke 窒息，噎住 be choked by smoke chorus 合唱队

chronic （疾病）慢性的，（人）久病的 chronic indigestion clarity 澄清，阐明 clarify an issue

cling 粘着 The frightened child clung to her mother. clumsy 笨拙的 a clumsy boy

cluster （果实，花等的）串，束，簇; (人或物)的群，组 a cluster of tourists clutch 紧抓，紧握 clutch at an opportunity

coherent 一致的，协调的 lack coherent political goals

coin 硬币，钱币，金属货币 a silver coin

coincide 相符，相一致 100 Centigrade coincides with 212 Fahrenheit.

collaborate （尤指在文艺、科学等方面）合作，协作 He and I collaborated in writing plays. collapse 倒坍，崩溃，瓦解 The roof collapsed under the weight of the snow. collide 碰撞，互撞 The car collided with the truck. come 来，来到 Will you come to the dance tonight? commemorate 纪念，庆祝 commemorate a holiday commend 表扬，称赞 commend a soldier for bravery compact 紧密的，坚实的 a compact piece of luggage

compare 比较，对照(with, to) compare the body to a finely tuned machine

compatible 能和睦相处的，合的来的 You should choose a roommate more compatible to your tastes.

compile 汇编，编制 compile an anthology of poems

comply 遵从，顺从，服从 comply with rules(safety regulations)

compose 组成，构成 England, Scotland, and Wales compose the island of Great Britain. compress 压缩 He compresses a lifetime as a soldier into a few sentences comprise 包含，包括 The shipyard comprises three docks.

compromise 妥协，折衷 compromise over the hard-fought next.

compulsory 必须做的，义务的 a compulsory subject

conceal 隐藏，隐瞒，隐蔽 He concealed his disappointment from his friends. conceive 构想出，设想 conceive an idea

concentrate 集中，专心 concentrate one’s attention condemn 谴责 We all condemn cruelty to children.

G

gallop (马等的)飞跑，疾驰：The horse did a fine gallop during the race gamble赌博：gamble at cards

gasp 喘气，喘息：speak between gasps

gear齿轮，传动装置，(排)档：interlock cogs and gears

generalize 归纳，概括:I don’t think you can generalize about what voters will do generate 产生，发生(电、热、光、力、摩擦力等)：generate electricity genuine 真的，非人造的，名副其实的：genuine leather

gesture 手势，示意动作：raise one’s hands in a gesture of despair glance 一瞥，扫视：take a glance at the newspaper headlines glare 怒视，瞪眼：give the jury a glare glimpse 一瞥，一看：have a glimpse of (into)sth

glitter 闪闪发亮(或发光)，光彩夺目，闪耀：His language glitters with marvelous words glory 光荣，荣誉：The soldiers hoped to win glory on the battle field glow 发热，发光，发红：the fire glowing in the darkness gossip 流言蜚语：give rise to gossip

govern 统治，管理：govern a nation

grace 优美：She ran well, grace in every movement graduate (使)大学毕业：graduate from college grant 同意，准予：grant a request

grease 油脂，动物脂：the grease spot on the envelope

greet 问候，招呼：greet sb with a nod

grieve 使悲伤，使伤心：The little girl grieved over her kitten’s death grind (ground)磨，磨碎，碾碎：grind wheat into flour grip 抓紧，紧握：Fear gripped his heart

gross 总的，毛的：gross income

guarantee 保证，保证书，保单：Wealth is no guarantee of happiness H

hail 欢呼，喝彩：The crowd hailed the actress with joy

halt (行进中的)暂停前进，中止，终止：The car came to a sudden halt hamper 妨碍，阻碍：hamper sb from getting elected

handicap 障碍，不利条件：Poor eyesight is a handicap to a student haste 急速，急忙，仓促，草率： Why all this haste? hatch 孵，孵出：hatch (out) chickens

hazard 危险，危害物，危险之源：a life full of hazards heal 治愈，愈合：heal the sick heap (一)堆：a big heap of books

hedge (矮树)树篱：a quickset hedge

highlight 使显著，使突出：Growing economic problems were highlighted by a slowdown in oil output

hinder妨碍，阻止：Bad weather hindered travel

hint 暗示：drop(give ,throw out)a hint

hoist 举起，升起，吊起：The war hoisted prices

hold 拿着，抓住：The girl is holding the baby in her arms

homogeneous 同种类的，同性质的，有相同特征的：homogeneous parts horizon 地平(线)：The sun has sunk below the horizon

hospital 好客的，殷勤的，热情友好的：be hospital to the homeless hostile 敌人的，敌方的：a hostile army

humble 地位(或身份)低下的，卑贱的：a humble job

hysterical 情绪异常激动的，歇斯底里的 an hysterical outburst of fury I

identical 同一的：the same (very)identical menu

identify 识别，鉴别：He identified the coat as his brother’s idle 闲散的，闲置的：idle money

ignite点燃，使燃烧：ignite a stove fire with scraps of paper

ignore 不顾，不理，忽视：He who ignores history is doomed to repeat it

illuminate 照明，照亮，解释，启发，启迪：The room was poorly illuminated by one candle illustrate (用图或例子)说明，阐明：A complicated rule can be illustrated by a simple example immerse 使浸没：He immersed himself in the pool

immune免除的，豁免的：Nobody is immune from criticism

impact 冲击，撞击：the impact of light on the eye

impair 削弱，减少：The output of produce was impaired by the bad weather impartial 公正的，无偏见的：A judge should be impartial

implement 工具，器具，用具：new types of farm implements

impose 征(税)，加(负担，惩罚等)于(on, upon)：impose additional tax on business expansion impulse 推动，驱动：give an impulse to the development of the friendly relations between the two countries

inaccessible 达不到的：The two rocks at the top of the steep hill is at first sight inaccessible incline倾斜：The shaft inclines almost thirty degree

incorporate 包含，吸收：His book incorporates his earlier essays incur 招致，引起，遭受：incur sb’s displeasure(envy)

indignant 愤怒的，愤慨的：The actress was at the columnist’s personal questions indispensable 必不可少的，必需的(to. for)： Oxygen is indispensable to life induce 引诱，劝使：Nothing will induce me to do that

infer (根据已知事实等)推断，推定(from)：From his grades I inferred that he was a good student ingenious (人,头脑等)灵巧的，足智多谋的：an ingenious designer initiate 开始，发起：initiate a conversation

innovate 革新，改革，创新(in,on/upon)：innovate on another’s creation inquire 询问，打听：He inquired what the weather was likely to be insert 插入，嵌入：In the pause he managed to inquire a question inspire 鼓舞，激起：His speech inspires the crowd

instant 紧急的，急迫的，立即的，即刻的：be in instant need of help institute 学会，协会，学院，研究院：an institute for the blind

insulate 隔音，使隔绝(以免受到影响)：We are not insulated from the real world the way we were insult 侮辱，辱骂：She insulted him by calling him a coward

insure 保险，给。。。保险：Every father should insure his life for the sake of his wife and children intact 完整无缺的，未经触动的，未受损伤的：an intact family

integrate使成一体，使合并(with, into)：integrate traditional Chinese medicine with western

medicine

interfere 妨碍，冲突(with)：Misty weather interfered with the contact

intermittent 间歇的，断断续续的，周期性的：suffer from intermittent headaches intervene 插入，介入：A week intervenes between Christmas and New Year’s Day intricate 错综复杂的，复杂精细的：A detective story usually has an intricate plot invert 使反向，使倒转，使颠倒：The magician inverted the bag to show it was empty irrespective 不考虑的，不顾的(of) ：irrespective of consequences

irritate 激怒，使恼怒，使烦躁：be irritated by sb’s insolence J

justify 证明。。。正当或有理,正确：Such behavior is justified on these grounds K

knit 编织，编结：She’s knitting her husband a sweater L

label 标签，标记，标号：put labels on your luggage lag 走得慢，落后，滞留：Some of the runners began to lag latent 潜在的，隐伏的，不易觉察的：a latent infection leak 漏洞，裂缝：The pipe has got a leak lean 斜，倾斜 the Leaning tower of Pisa

lend 借给，贷款 Could you lend me your car

length 长，长度 What is the length of the street?

liable 会……的，有……倾向的 We are all liable to make mistakes liberal 慷慨的，大方的 a liberal donation

light 光，光亮，光线 The house blazed with light

limp 软的，松沓的 a young man in a limp gray sweater

linger逗留，徘徊 The children lingered at the zoo until closing time long 长的，远的，久的 a long journey

lubricate 使润滑 lubricate the skin with cold cream lump块，小方块 a lump of coal M

macroscopic肉眼可见的

magnet 磁铁，磁铁石 The pin was extracted with a magnet magnify 放大，扩大 I want to magnify this picture

maintain 维持，保持 maintain law and order

malfunction 发生功能障碍，发生障碍 If the computer malfunctions it fails to work properly maltreat 粗暴地对待，虐待 We’ll not intervene unless the children are being physically maltreated

manifest 显然的，明了的manifest superiority

manipulate (熟练地)操作 Mr. Smith manipulated the ivory chopsticks with great dexterity mature 熟的，成熟的 a mature fruit

meet 遇见，碰到 He met her there by chance melt 使融化，使熔化 The sun melted the snow

mend 修理，修补 mend clothes

merit 长处，优点，价值，功绩 merits and demerits

migrate 移居(尤指移居国外)，迁移 migrate to another country

minimum 最低限度，最少量，最低点

minor 较小的，较少的，较不重要的

mislead 把……引错方向，把……引入歧途

moan 呻吟声，呜咽声 Each time she moved her leg she let out a ～ . mobilize 动员 Our country’s in great danger, we must ～ the army. mock 嘲笑，嘲弄 He had ～ed her modest ambitions. model 模型，原形 build airplane ～s

modify 修改，更改 ～a law

momentary 片刻的，瞬息的 a ～ feeling of fear monitor （学校的）班长 a ～ in class 5.

mortgage 抵押（借款）He will have to ～ his land for a loan. motion 动，运动the ～ of the planets motive 动机，目的be proper in～ mount登上， 爬上～ the steps multiply 乘，相乘～ 7 and 8 muscle 肌肉 facial ～s mutual 相互的， 彼此的 ～ aid

N

narrate 叙述，讲述 ～ the story of sb’s life

nasty 龌龊的，肮脏的 a～ room

necessitate 使成为必须，需要 The emergency ～d a change in plans. necessity 必要（性），（迫切）需要 There is no ～ for disappointment. neglect 忽视，忽略 ～ one’s health

negligent 疏忽的，大意的 be ～ about traffic regulations nominal 名义的，有名无实的 a ～ leader nominate 提名 a ～ leader

noteworthy值得注意的，显著的a ～ day

notorious 臭名昭著的a ～ thief

notwithstanding 虽然，尽管 They traveled on,～ the storm nourish养育Milk is all we need to ～our small baby numb 麻木的，失去感觉的 fingers ～ with cold O

object 物体，事物 cultural ～s objective 目的，宗旨 political ～s

oblige 强迫，迫使 In certain countries the law ～s parents to send their children to school obscure 晦涩的，费解的 an ～ text

obsolete 废弃的，淘汰的 Wooden warships are ～.

obstinate 顽固的，固执的，倔强的The girl would go her own way, in spite of all warnings occasion 时刻，场合They met on three ～s

occupy 占用，占有My books ～ a lot of space

occur 发生，存在，出现 when did the earthquake ～? odd的奇数的，单的，奇怪的One ,three five are ～numbers offend 冒犯，使生气 She was afraid of ～ing anyone. offence 犯法行为，过错 They were arrested for drug ～s.

offset 补偿，抵消They gains ～the losses. omit 省略，删去 Minor points may be omitted. opaque 不透明的A brick wall is ～. optimistic 乐观的，乐观主义的

option 选择权 It is your ～ to take it or leave it

orient 东方，东方国家 political theory in the West and in the Orient origin 起源，由来 a word of Latin ～

ornament 装饰品，点缀品 We bought ～s for the Christmas tree orthodox 正统的，正宗的 an ～ economic theory

outline轮廓，外形 He saw the ～ of a house against the sky overflow 泛滥 Every spring the river ～s

overhaul 大修，全面检查，彻底革新～ a faulty machine

overhear 偶然听到，偷听到I wouldn’t like to be ～d

overlap 重叠，部分相同 The Renaissance overlapped the later Middle Ages overtake 赶上，超过 He ran out of the door to ～ her overthrow 推翻，打倒 a plot to ～ the government

overwhelm 征服，压倒，毁坏 He took 45% of the ballots and ～ed his two main rivals

P

pace 步，步速，步伐 He took three ～s forward

pack 包，包裹 The climber carried some food in a ～ on his back pad 垫，衬垫 a seat ～

pant 气喘，气喘吁吁地说话 He ～ed along beside the bicycle parallel 平行的 The road is ～ to the river

paralyze 使瘫痪，使麻痹 A stroke ～d half his face

partial 偏向一方的，偏袒的，偏爱的 A parent should not be ～ to any one of his children participate 参与，参加，In a modern democracy people want to ～ more fully particular 特殊的，特别的 a matter of ～ importance

pat (用掌或扁平物)轻拍，轻打She patted a place next to her for me to sit down patch 补钉，补片 patches at elbows of a jacket

patent 专利，专利权，专利品 take out a ～ for an invention pattern 模范，榜样 set the ～ for

pave 铺路，铺砌，铺筑 ～ a road with concrete peculiar 奇怪的，古怪的 He has always been a little ～ peel 削皮，剥皮 peel potatoes

penetrate 穿透，渗入 The nail ～d the wood at least two inches

perceive 感知，感觉，觉察 He was only able to ～ light and color ;he could not see properly perfect 完美的，理想的 a ～ couple

perform 做，执行，完成～ an experiment

perfume 香水，香料，香气She loves French ～(s) periodical 期刊，杂志 a ～ room perish 卒，丧生～ from disease

perpetual 永久的，永恒的，长期的 a ～ arms race

perplex 使困惑，使茫然 The question ～ed him

persecute 虐待，残害，迫害 ～ animals

perspective 透视画法，透视图 a lesson in drawing class on ～ pessimistic 悲观的 I am ～ about my chances of getting the job petition 请愿，请愿书 get up a ～

pierce 刺入，刺穿，穿透 The thorn ～d his heel pile 一堆，一叠 a ～ of sand pilot 飞行员，驾驶员 pin 大头针，别针

pinch 捏，拧，夹 I ～ed myself to make sure I wasn’t dreaming plausible 论点等貌似有理的 a ～ excuse

plead 恳求，请求 His parents ～ed that he should be given one more chance pledge 保证，誓言，誓约 fulfill one’s ～ plot 小块土地 a vegetable ～

plug 塞子，栓 He wears rubber ～s in his ears when he swims

plunge 猛地投入或插入 He ran to the edge of the swimming pool and ～d in pocket 衣袋，口袋，袋子 a change ～

polish 擦光，擦亮 Polish your shoes with a brush

poll 民意测验 A recent ～ shows a change in public opinion

pool 水池，游泳池 a swimming ～

portable 便于携带的，手提式的，轻便的This little TV is extremely ～

pose 姿势，样子 The model was asked to adopt various ～s for the photographer

postpone 延迟，延缓，延期 We are postponing our trip until the weather grows warmer potential 潜在的，可能的 That hole in the road is a ～ danger pour 倒，注，灌，倾泻，涌流 He began to ～ with sweat

preach 讲道，布道 ～ to a packed church

preside 主持，主管(at, over) The vice chairman of the board will ～ at today’s meeting press 按，挤，压 ～ the bell

presume 推测，假定，假设 From the way they talked, I ～d them to be married prevail 流行，盛行 This custom still ～s among members of the older generation prey 被捕食的动物，捕获物 The lion seized its ～ and ate it

prick 一刺，一扎 The boy burst the balloon with a ～ of the needle prime 首要的，主要的 a matter of ～ importance primitive 原始的，上古的，早期的 a ～ forest

prior 在先的，在前的 Stop making public statements without their ～ approval here privilege 特权，优惠，特免 In countries where there are still not many schools, education is a ～ probe 探索，探查，调查 ～ the roots of war

proceed （尤指停顿或打断后）继续进行 The train ～ed at the same speed as before process 过程，进程 the ～ of digestion proclaim 宣告，宣布，声明 ～ war

produce 生产，制造 Canada ～s wheat and furs

profit 利润，收益，红利 They made millions in ～s in last year profound 很深的 a ～ sleep

prohibit 禁止 Tourist class passengers are ～ed from using the first class lounge

project 计划，方案 draw up a ～

prolong 延长，拉长，拖延 a means of ～ing life prominent 突起的，凸出的 a ～ forehead prompt 敏捷的，迅速的 He is ～ on the job pronounce 发音 ～ distinctly

propose提议，建议 When she was very ill ,her lawyer has ～d to her that she might like to make a will

prosper 兴旺，繁荣，昌盛，成功 His farm ～ed through good management provoke 挑动，激起，导致 He tried to ～ them into fighting pump 泵 fill a bucket from the ～

pursue 追赶，追随，追求 He felt their eyes pursuing him puzzle 难题，智力玩具，迷，迷惑 jigsaw ～ Q

quality 质量，品级 merchandise of ～ quantity 数量，量 an increase in ～

quench 消除，平息，压制，扑灭 ～ hatred queue一队人，一行列车 from a ～ quit 停止，放弃 It hasn’t ～ raining yet quiver 颤抖，抖动 ～ with cold

quote引用，引述，援引 She ～d several verses to us R

rack 架子，支架，搁架 a clothes ～

radiate（光，热等）辐射，发射 The sun ～s light and heat radical 根本的，基本的a ～ error

rake （长柄）耙，耙机，耙状物 an oyster ～

rally 集合，团结 ～ public opinion in favor of price controls random胡乱的，任意的，随意的，a ～talk

range 排，行，一系列 a ～ of buildings rank排，行，列 the ～s of great pines rate 比率，率 Velocity is the ～ of change of distance with respect to time reap 收割，收获 ～ the rice in the field

rear 后部，后边，背部a garden at the ～ of the house recall 回忆，回想I ～ seeing a poster on his wall reciprocal 相互的，交互的 ～ respect reckon 计算，数 ～ the days till Christmas reclaim 使改过，改造 ～ former criminals recognize认出，识别 Dogs ～ people by their smell

recollect 回忆，想起 I am trying to ～ a forgotten address

recommend 推荐，称赞 He ～ed me for the post of headmaster reconcile 使和解，使和好After each fight they ate soon ～d recover 追回，重新得到The police ～ed stolen watch

recruit 招募（新兵）招收（新成员）try to ～300 men in two days rectify纠正，改正，矫正 ～ the mistakes in a bill refer 提到，谈到 Does the remark ～ to me

refine 提炼～ crude oil into various petroleum products reform 改革，改良 He spend years trying to ～ the world refresh 使恢复活力，使振作精神 Sleep ～es the body refute驳斥，驳倒 The argument cannot be d at the moments regard 看待，认为，对待 I ～ the matter in this light

regenerate 使恢复，使复兴，再生The human body can ～ hair, nails, etc

regulate管理，控制，为……制订规章 The policeman ～d traffic at the intersection reign 为王，统治In England ,the sovereign ～s but does not rule

reinforce 增援，加强 They hope to ～ their domination in these countries rejoice 使感到高兴，使充满喜悦 The whole nation ～ over the victory relate 讲述，叙述 She ～d the experience of a Chinese girl in the United States relay 接力传送，传递 ～ a message

release 排放，释出 ～ a bomb from an aircraft

relevant 有关的，切题的I don’t think his remarks are ～ to our discussions relieve 缓解，减轻，解除He smoked frequently to ～ nervous tension remark 评论，议论 (on, upon) It would be rude to ～ upon her appearance remedy 治疗，治疗法，药品 a folk ～

remember 记得，回想起，不忘记 I ～ reading that boo when I was eight remind 提醒，使想起 I ～ed him of his promise remove 移开，挪走 ～ one’s eyes from the picture render 使得，使成为 The blow ～ed him unconscious

renew 更新，恢复，更换We feel totally ～ed in body ,mind ,and spirit renovate 修复，整修 ～ a two storey building repel 击退，抵制，拒绝，排斥 ～ the enemy repent 后悔，懊悔 ～of a thoughtless act

replace 代替，取代，更换The calculator is rapidly replacing the abacus

represent 代表，象征To many local people these castles ～ a hundred years of foreign domination

reproach 责备，指责，斥责 mute ～

rescue 营救，救援，搭救 ～ hostages held by the terrorists resent 怨恨 ～ those unfair comments

reserve 保留，储备 We’ll the ticket for you till tomorrow noon resign 辞职，引退 He ～ed from his post

resolve 决定，打定注意要 Have you ～d where to go next?

resort 求助，凭借，诉诸 ～ to sb for help

restore 恢复，修复，康复 The temple has been ～d out of all recognition restrain 抑制，遏止 ～ one’s anger

resume 重新开始，继续 When I quit golf, I ～d writing retain 保留，保持 ～the right to reply

reveal 揭示，揭露 I promise never to ～ his secret revenge 报仇，复仇Man may destroy the balance of nature ,but ,from time to time, nature takes a terrible ～

reverse 相反的，颠倒的，倒退的a ～ dictionary revise 修订，校订 ～ a dictionary

revive 苏醒，复苏 He is dead and never will ～

ridiculous 可笑的，荒唐的，荒谬的 In this department of English girls outnumber boys in a ～ ratio

rigid 刚性的，坚硬的 a ～ piece of plastic

ripe 成熟的，时机成熟的 a ～ cluster of grapes

roll 滚动，滚落 Rocks were ～ing down the hillside

rot 腐烂，腐坏，腐朽，腐败，腐化Meat may ～ if it is not refrigerated

roundabout 绕道的，绕圈子的，不直接的 The car has to take a ～ course to avoid the flood rouse 惊起 The boat ～d wild ducks to flight row 吵闹，争吵 What’s all this ～ about? rub 擦，摩擦 He rubbed his eyes rush 冲，奔 ～ into the room

rust 锈，铁锈 Iron gathers ～easily

ruthless 无情的，残忍的，冷酷的 a～ enemy S

sack 麻袋，纸袋，塑料袋 a ～of cement

sacred 神圣的the ～ name of God

sacrifice 献祭，供奉 a law banning the ～ of animals salute 敬礼，祝贺 ～ one’s superior officer

scan 细看，审视 ～ the doctor’s face for a sign of hope scare 惊吓，恐惧 The thunder ～d the children

scatter 撒，撒播～ corn for the chickens schedule 时间表，进度表 a fight ～

scheme 计划，方案 He suggested several ～s to increase sales scold 责骂，训斥 Dad ～ed me for coming home late

score 得分，比分，分数，成绩 At the end of first half there’s no ～ scorn 轻蔑，鄙视 He ～s lying

scrap 碎片，零屑 ～s of bread scrape 刮，擦 ～one’s chin

scratch 抓，刮，擦 The cat ～ed me with its claws screen 屏，幕，帘 a folding ～

secure 安全的，可靠的，有把握的 a castle ～from attack seek 寻找，探索 ～ shelter from the rain

seize 抓住，捉住The policeman ～d him by the collar

sense 感官，官能 Sight ,hearing ,touch, taste, and smell are the five ～s sensible 明知的，合情理的 a ～ choice

serve 服务，履行职责 He ～d as an adviser to the company set 放置 He set his hand on my shoulder

shade 荫，荫凉处The group of trees provide some ～ from the sun sham假装，虚伪 Her illness was a ～ to gain sympathy shame 羞耻，羞愧 flush with ～

shape 形状，外形 the ～ of sb’s face

share 一分，分额，一部分 They divided the money into equal ～s shear 剪，修剪 ～ a lawn

shed 流 ～ one’s blood for one’s country

sheer 完全的，十足的 ～ nonsense shelter 掩蔽处，躲避处 a bus ～

shield 盾，保护物，防御物 They piled more sand on top as a ～ shift 转移，移动 Don’t try to ～the blame onto me shower 阵雨，阵雨般的东西 be caught in a hard ～ shrewd 机灵的，敏锐的，精明的 a ～ guess signify 表示，表明，预示 ～ consent with a nod simulate 假装，冒充 use tricks to ～ illness

sit 坐，就坐 He was sitting over his coffee with a cigar sketch 素描，速写 make a ～ of a face in pencil slack 不紧的，不严的 a ～ soft rope

slender 苗条的，修长的，细长的She is ～ and has long dark hair slide 滑行，滑动，滑落 The drawers of my desk ～ in and out easily slim苗条的，薄的 Regular exercise will make you slimmer slip 滑倒，滑落，滑行 She ～ed on the wet stones and fell slit 切开，撕开 ～ the envelope open

slope 倾斜，有坡度 The ground ～s down sharply at this point sly 狡猾的，偷偷的 a ～answer

smart 聪明的，精明的 Smart students talk earlier than the average smash 打碎，打破，摧毁 The ball ～ed the window

smooth 平滑的，光滑的～ skin

snatch 夺得，一把抓住 The thief ～ed her handbag and ran off snob 势力的人，谄上欺下的人 a ～ of the first water

soak 湿透，浸湿，浸泡 You shouldn’t have gone out in the rain－your clothes are ～ing sober 未醉的 A driver must stay ～

soil 泥土，土壤The ～here is very fertile

sophisticated 老于世故的 a young man quite ～ for his age sore 痛的，痛苦的，痛心的touch sb on a ～ place

sort 种类，类别 He is not the ～ of man to do such a cruel thing sound 健康的，健全的，完好的 a ～body in a ～ mind sour 酸的，酸味的 ～pickles

sow 播种 This plot of land was sown with maize spare 多余的，剩下的have no ～ cash

spark 火花，火星 The firework burst into a shower of ～s sparkle 发光，闪耀 Her eyes were sparkling with anger

specify 具体指定，详细说明 They have specified the amount as 700,000 dollars spectacle 景象，奇观，壮观，场面 The burning house was a terrible ～ speculate 推测，推断 I cannot ～ on their motives for doing this spill 溢出，溅出 The ship ～ed oil while in port spin 纺制 ～ cotton into yarn

spit 吐出 He was ～ting out the husks of sunflower seeds on the floor splash 溅泼A passing car ～ed my dress

split 劈开，切开，裂开 ～ the firewood with an axe

spoil 损坏，毁掉 It would ～ my reputation

sponsor 发起者，主办者，保证人，赞助者the ～ of the annual Christmas parade spot斑点，污点 a blue tie with ～s

spray 浪花，水花 The new shower heads reduce ～ and waste less water sprout 抽条，发芽，长出 The seeds we planted finally ～ed spur 靴刺，踢马刺a pair of ～s

squeeze 榨，挤 ～ juice from oranges

stab 刺，戳，猛的一击，突发的一阵 a ～ of anxiety stack整齐的一叠 a ～ of bills

staff 全体职员，全体雇员 The company has got a ～ of about 40 stain 玷污，污染 His shirt was ～ed with blood

stale 食品等不新鲜的，走味的 These old peanuts taste ～ stall 牛舍

stamp 邮票 put a ～ on a letter

start 开始，动手 I’ve got so many things to do,I don’t know where to ～ startle 惊吓，使吃惊 The horse ～s easily

starve 使挨饿，饿死 Many live in luxury while others are starving station 车站 at Victoria Station

stationary 固定的，静止的，非流动的 ～ troops

statistics 统计，统计资料 The recent ～ on marriage are interesting steer 掌舵，驾驶 ～ a car through the entrance stern 严厉的，苛刻的 a ～ punishment

stick 棍，棒，手杖 Grandfather walks with a ～ stimulate 刺激，促使 ～ economic growth sting刺，螫，叮 A bee stung him on the neck stir 使微动，移动 A breeze ～red my hair

stitch 一针，针脚 Make your ～es closer together

stock 原料，备料，库存，现货 Rags are used as a ～ for making paper stoop 俯身，弯腰She ～ed to pick up her fan storm 风暴，暴风雨，暴风雪 A ～ arose

straightforward 一直向前的，直接的 a ～ business transaction strain 拉紧，绷紧 If you ～ the elastic any more, it will break strap 带，皮带 silks ～s

stream 小河，溪流 on the banks of a ～

strength 力量，力气，活力，效力 the economic ～ of a nation stress压力，紧张 Not all of us can cope with the ～es of modern life stretch 伸直，伸长 He yawned and ～ed himself stride阔步前进，大踏步走He strode to the platform strike 打击，撞 A stone struck me on the head

string 细绳，线，带 She took the parcel and started to undo the string strip 剥去，除去 The wind stripped the tree of all its leaves

strive 努力，奋力，力求～ towards a goal

stroke 敲，打，鸣 drive in a nail with one ～ of the hammer

stubborn 顽固的，倔强的 The ～ boy refused to listen to his parents’advice

stuff 原料，材料，物品，东西 He has got all the ～ ready for building his new house subject 题目，主题 the ～ for a debate

submerge 浸没，淹没，湮没 The stream overflowed and ～d the farmland submit 屈服，服从，投降 ～ to foreign pressure

subordinate 下级的 In the army ,captains are ～ to majors

substance 物质，实质 the ～ of pre-school education

substitute 代替者，代替物 He is the doctor’s ～ during holidays times subtle 微妙的，巧妙的 His whole attitude has undergone a ～ change subtract 减，减去 Subtract 4 from 10 you get 6 succession 连续，一系列 a ～ of debates

suck 吸，A large mosquito was sucking blood from the back of her hand sue 控告，起诉 ～ sb for slander

summary 总结，概要 This book has a ～ at the end of each chapter superb 极好的，一流的，杰出的 ～ science and engineering superficial 表面的 a ～resemblance

superfluous过多的，剩余的，多余的a ～remark supervise 监督，管理，指导 ～ sb’s every move supplement增补，补充 a ～ to wages suppress压制，镇压 ～human rights

supreme最高的，至上的 a ～ ruler

surpass超过，优于，强于，胜过 ～ advanced world surplus过剩，剩余 a teacher ～

survey调查～ population growth in the southern provinces survive 幸存，幸免于Only two people ～d the fire suspect 怀疑 He ～ed a plot against his life

sustain支撑，承受The fountains were not strong enough to ～ the weight of the house swallow 吞，咽 ～ one’s food

swarm 蜂群

sway摇摆 a tree ～ing gently in the breeze

swear宣誓，发誓 ～ on a Bible to observe secrecy swell 膨胀，鼓起 A tire ～s as it is filled with air swing 摇摆，摇荡 ～ a baby in the cradle

sympathy 同情心，慰问 a man of wide sympathies synchronize使同步，使结合，使协调 Their steps ～d

T

taboo 禁忌，忌讳Movies producers attempted to break down all the ～s tackle 用具，装备 shaving ～

tailor 裁缝 go to the ～’s

talk 讲话，谈话 Is your baby talking yet? tame 驯化的，驯服的，温顺的 ～animails tan棕黄色，黄褐色 buy some shoes in tan tax 税（款）Half of his wages go in tax tear 撕开，撕裂tear open an envelope

tease 戏弄，取笑 The boy is teasing the cat

tedious 单调乏味的，冗长的，罗嗦的a ～ debate temper 心情，脾气 be in a good～

tempt 引诱，诱惑 Nothing could ～ me to do such a thing tend 趋向，倾向 Interest rates are ～ing upwards tender 嫩的 a ～ piece of meat

tentative 试验性的，试探性的，暂时的，推测的 a ～plan term 学期 the spring ～

terminate 停止，结束，使终止 ～ a contract

terrify 使害怕，使惊吓 She was terrified out of her wits testify 作证，证明 He agreed to ～ on behalf of the accused man thermal 热的，由热造成的 ～burns

thirst 渴，口渴 The heat creates a ～ in me like I’ve never had before thread 线，线状物 cotton ～

thrill 使非常兴奋，使非常激动 It’s a sight that never fails to ～ me thrive 兴旺发达，繁荣 His business is thriving thrust 推，刺，戳，插，挤He was ～ into power

tick （钟声等发出的）滴答声 tidy 整洁的，整齐的a ～ room

tilt 使倾斜，使倾倒 Tilt your head back so that I can look down your throat time 时间，时刻，时候 ～ and space tip 末端，尖端 the tips of the fingers

toast 烤面包，吐司 two slices of ～

token 表示，标志，象征He did that as a ～ of good faith torture 拷打，拷问 ～ a confession from a prisoner toss 扔，抛，掷 The children tossed the ball to each other tough 坚韧的，牢固的 Some plastic are as ～ as metal tow 拖，拉，牵引 tow a damaged ship into port

tower 塔，塔楼，高楼 a television ～

trace 痕迹，踪迹 The wound healed, leaving almost no ～ of a scar track足迹，踪迹～s in the snow

tragedy 悲剧 Hamlet is one of shakespeare’s best known tragedies trail 痕迹，足迹 a ～ of destruction left by the violence

tramp 步行，跋涉 He loves ～ing over the hills

transfer 转移，调动 the company has transferred to an eastern location transform 变形，改观 ～ a hotel into a hospital transient 短暂的，转瞬即逝的 ～ happiness transmit 播送，发射 ～ a match live

transparent 透明的 Glass is ～

transplant 移植，移种，移居 ～ a human heart into a patient treasure 财宝，财富 dig for buried ～ trend 倾向，趋势an upward ～ of prices

trick 诡计，骗局 He got the money by a ～

trifle 琐事，小事 One should not get angry about such a ～ trim 整齐的，整洁的 ～ lawns

trip 旅行，旅游 a ～ round the world

triple 三倍的，三重的，三部分的，三方的Black unemployment rate runs ～ the figure for

whites

triumph 胜利 a ～ over the enemy

trivial 琐碎的，不重要的，无价值的 ～ matters

tuck 夹入，藏入 He ～ed the letter in a book so he wouldn’t lose it tug （用力）拖或拉He tugged the door but it wouldn’t open

tumble 跌到，滚下The baby is just learning to walk and he’s always tumbling over tune 曲调，曲子 She wrote the words of the song and her brother wrote the ～ turbulent 骚乱的，动荡的，混乱的，狂暴的a ～ crowd

turn 转动，旋转Turn the hands of the clock until they point to 9 O’clock

tutor 家庭教师，指导教师 When the students are making their choices, their ～ may well guide them

twinkle 闪烁，闪耀，闪亮 The diamond on her finger ～d in the firelight twist 捻，搓，绞，拧 ～ a rope out of threads

U

ultimate 最后的，最终的 The war ended for us in ～ victory

unanimous 全体一致的，一致同意的 They are ～ in asking for a rise in pay uncover 揭开，揭露 ～ a dish of food

underestimate 低估 ～ the difficulties of the task undergo 经历，遭受，忍受 ～ much suffering

underline 在……下划线，强调 Please translate the ～d sentences in the passage underlie 位于……之下 Many facts ～ my decision undermine 在……下挖 ～ a wall

undertake 着手做， 从事 ～ an attack

undesirable 不合意的，不受欢迎的 The drug has ～ side effects uneasy 心神不宁的，不安宁的 be ～uneasy about the future unfold 展开，打开 ～ a newspaper

uniform 不变的，相同的，均匀，统一的 a ～ temperature unify 使成一体，统一 become a unified nation update 更新，使现代化 ～a textbook

upgrade 提高，使升级，改善 ～ products and services uphold 举起，高举 He upheld his clenched hand upright 挺直的，垂直的 an ～ seat

uproar 骚乱，骚动The public ～ over unclear-radiation hazards continues to mount upset 弄翻，打翻 I’ve ～ a tin of paint on the carpet

up-to-date 时新的，新式的，现代化的They are ～ on recent developments in the world computer industry

urge 推进，鼓励 The president ,～d on by his staff, has decided to attend the talks urgent 紧迫的，紧要的 He left the country on ～ business utilize 利用 ～ solar energy

utter 发出（声音等），说，吐露 ～ the truth V

vacant 未被占用的 a ～ seat in a bus

vague 含糊的，不明确的，模糊的 a ～ answer

vain 徒劳的，无效的 ～ efforts valid 有根据的 a ～ excuse

value 价值 I was offered 50 pounds for my old car but its ～ is much higher

vanish 突然消失，逐渐消散 With a wave of his hand, the magician made the rabbit veil 面纱，面罩 Jewish women wore ～s in token of reverence and submission ventilate 使通风，使空气流通 ～ a room venture 冒险，冒险行动，投机行动take a ～ in oil verge 边，边缘，边沿 the ～ of a stream

verify 证明，证实Subsequent events verified my suspicions versatile 多才多艺的 a ～ man

versus 诉讼，竞赛等中以……为对手 The match tonight is China ～ Japan

vertical 垂直的，立式的 a ～ engine

veto 否决，否决权，否决权的行使 The rest of the committee could not accept the ～ vibrate 使震动，使摆动 His heavy footsteps upstairs made the old house ～ vicious 邪恶的，恶毒的，凶残的 lead a ～ life

vigor 体力，精力，活力 in the ～ of manhood violate 违反，违背 ～ the traffic regulations

virtual 实际上的，事实上的 the ～ manager of the business

virtue 美德，德行 Among her many ～s are loyalty ,courage, and truthfulness visible 看得见的，可见的 a ship barely ～ on the horizon vision 视力，视觉 ～ care

vital 有生命力的 The heart is a ～ organ

vivid 鲜艳的 the ～ green of leaves in spring void 空的 a ～ space

volunteer 志愿者，自愿参加者 Are there any ～s for a swim? vote 投票，表决 bring sth to a vote

W

wage 工资，报酬 What is your weekly ～?

wake 醒来，醒着，唤醒 He spends all his waking hours working waken 醒来，睡醒He wakened when the alarm sounded wander 漫步，徘徊 He ～ed home

ward 病房 a 4-bed ～

warrant 授权，批准，正当理由，根据 He had no ～ for his action waterproof 不透水的，防水的 ～ material way 方法，方式 Do it your own way wear 穿，戴 ～ diamonds weary 疲倦的，疲劳的 a ～ look weave 织，编，编制 ～ cloth

wedge 楔子，三角木 Please put a ～ in the door so that it will stay open weed 杂草，野草My garden is running to ～s weep 哭泣，流泪 ～ for one’s failure

weigh 称……重量，称～ oneself on the scales

weld 焊接，煅接 It takes speed to ～ steel at this heat

whirl 旋转，急转 The couples ～ed round the dance floor whisper 低语，耳语，轻声说 ～ to sb whistle 吹口哨，鸣笛 The train ～d whitewash 粉饰

wholesome 有益于健康的 ～ surroundings

wicked 坏的，邪恶的，淘气的，恶作剧的 ～ habits wind 绕，缠The snake wound around a branch

wire 金属丝，金属线steel ～

withdraw 抽回，收回，提取 She withdrew her eyes from the terrible sight withhold 使停止，阻挡 be obliged to ～ one’s pen withstand 经受，承受 ～hardships

witness 目击者，见证人a ～ of the accident

wonder 奇迹 the Seven Wonders of the World in ancient times worship 崇拜，崇敬 the ～ of the dollar worth 值……钱a house ～ 50,000 pounds wrap 包，裹 ～ oneself in a blanket

wreck 失事，遇难 a train ～ wrench 扳手 He is a ～ .

wrinkle 皱，皱纹 He will wore the ～s of anxiety on his forehead.

write 写，写字，写信，写作 She ～s to me every other week. Xerox 静电复印（法），静电复印件，静电复印机 Make me a ～ of this report. Y

yield 生产，产生，带来 This orchard ～s apples and pears. Z

zeal 热心，热忱，热情 a man of ～ zigzag之字形的，弯曲的 a ～ road zone 地带，分布带 a danger ～

第二部分 英语词汇扩充小结

英语词汇浩瀚如海，如何记忆单词，扩大词汇量一直是英语学习者面对的一大难题。本单元介绍的构词知识—— 词缀，是掌握记忆单词的一个重要环节。牢记词根可以起到举一反三的效果。

英语中的词缀包括前缀和后缀。一般而言，前缀只改变词义，不改变词类；后缀主要改变词类，而不改变词义。英语词汇中由词根，前缀，后缀结合在一起的词很多，占有相当大的比重。下面将英语中常见的前、后缀列出，供同学们参考。因为在该资料的第四部分还有系统的词缀词根内容，所以本部分内容是每个同学时间再紧张也必须掌握的。 1． 常用前缀

ab- 相反，不 如：abnormal 反常的

anti- 反对，反抗 如：antibody 抗体 anti-Japanese 抗日的 auto- 自动，自己 如：automatic 自动的 autobiography 自传 bene- 善，好 如：benefit 好处 benevolent 仁慈的 by- 侧，次要，非正式的 如：byproduct 副产品

co-, col-, com-, con-, cor- 共同 如：cooperation 合作 contract 合同

correspond 通信

de- 否定，除去，非 如：decompose 分解 dif-, di- 分开，否定 如：differ 不同于，区别 dis- 不，相反 如：disprove 不赞成

ex- 出，外 如： export 出口 exclude 排斥 extra- 超过，超越 如：extraordinary 特别的

fore- 预先，先前 如： forecast 预报

il- 表示否定意义 如：illegal 不合法的 illogical 不合逻辑的 im-, in- 表示否定意义 如：incorrect 不正确的 impatient 不耐烦的 inter- 在----之间，相互 如：international 国际的 interact 相互作用 ir- 表示否定意义 如：irregular 不规则的

kilo- 千 如：kilogram 千克 kilowatt 千瓦

micro- 微 如：microeconomic 微观经济学 microphone 麦克风 mini- 微小 如：miniskirt 超短裙

mis- 误，坏 如：mistake misguide 误导

over- 在----上，超出，压倒 如：overhead 头顶的 overcome 克服

per- 十分， 完全 如：perfect 完美的

post- 在后，随后 如：postwar 战后 postpone 推迟 pro- 向前，代理 如：progress 进步 pronoun 代词

re- 恢复，再，反对 如：redo 再做 recall 回忆 retreat 撤退 se- 分开，分离 如:：separate 分离 select 选出 semi- 半，部分 如：semifinal 半决赛

sub- 下，在下，其次 如： subway 地道 submarine 水下的 super- 超级 如： supermarket 超市 superman 超人 tele- 远的 如：telephone 电话 telescope 望远镜 trans-, tran- 转移，转化 如： transform 改变 transport 运输

un- 表示否定意义 如：uncommon 不平凡的 unconscious 无意识的 under- 在---之下，低于 如：underline 下划线 underground 地下的 up- 向上，在上 如：uphold 高举 upright 垂直的

with- 向后，阻止 如： withdraw 取回，收回 withhold 抑制，阻止 2． 常用后缀

-ability (n.) 可---性 如：readability 可读性

-able (ad.) 能---的，可---的 如：admire---admirable 令人羡慕的 -ably (ad.) ---地 如：reason---reasonably 有理地

-al (a.) 有---的特性 (n.) 表示行为，状况 如：addition---additional 附加的 arrive---arrival 到达

-ality (n.) 表示性质，状态 如：nation---nationality 国籍 民族 -ance (n.) 表示性质，状态，行为 如：ally---alliance 联盟

assist----assistance 帮助

-ant (a.) 有---性质的 （n.）---的人 如：attend---attendant 出席者 -ar (n.) 表示人 如：beg---beggar 乞丐

-arian (n.) ---的人 如：library---librarian 图书馆管理员 -ary (a.) 有---性质的 如：revolution---revolutionary革命的 -ate (v.) 使成为 (a.) 具有---的 (n.) 人 如：activate 使活动 graduate 毕业生

accurate 精确的

-ation (n.) 表示状态，情况 如：alter---alteration 改变 -ative (a.) 有---性质的 如：compare---comparative 比较的 -cy (n.) 表示性质，状态 如：bankrupt---bankruptcy 破产 -dom (n.) 表示性质，状态，领域 如：free---freedom 自由 king---kingdom 王国 -eer (n.) 表示人 如：engine---engineer 工程师

volunteer 志愿者 -en (v.) 使成为 如：deaf---deafen 便聋

sharp---sharpen 削尖

-ence , ency (n.) 表示性质，状态，行为 如：emergency 紧急情况 dependence 依靠 -ent (a.) 有---性质的 (n .) 表示人物 如：confident 自信的 patient 患者 -er (n.) 表人物 如：teach---teacher bank---banker -ery (n.) 表示地点，场所 如：nurse---nursery 托儿所

-ess (n.) 雌性 如：act---actress 女演员 host---hostess 女主人

-ety(n.) 表性质，情况 如：anxiety 忧虑 variety 种类繁多 -ful (a.) 充满的，有---性质的 如：delight---delightful 令人高兴的

help---helpful 有帮组的

-fy ,-efy , -ify (v.) 使变成 如：class---classify 分类 satisfy 使满意 -hood(n.) 表示时期，状态，资格 如：child---childhood 童年 man---manhood 男子气概

-ic (a.) ---的 (n.) 表示人物 如：atom---atomic 原子的 mechanic 机修工

-ical (a.) ---的 如：history---historical 历史上的 -ice (n.) 表示情况，性质，行为等 如：serve---service 服务 -ics (n.) 表示理论，学说 如：electron---electronics 电子学 -ier(n.) 从事某一工作的人 如：cashier 出纳员

-ion (n.) 表示情况，状态 如：dictate---dictation 听写

act---action 行为 -ious (a.) 有---性质的 如：vary---various 各种各样的

labor---laborious 勤劳的 -ish (a.) 似---的 如：self---selfish 自私的

fool---foolish 愚蠢的

-ist （a.）表示---主义或信仰 如： social---socialist 社会主义 natural---naturalist 自然主义者

-ive (a.) 有---的性质 如：attract---attractive 有吸引力的 （n.） 表示人或物 如：detect---detective 侦探

-ivity (n.) 表示性质，状态，---性 如：act---activity 活动，活力

product---productivity 生产力

-ization (n.) –ation （n.） 组成，行为，----化 如：modern---modernization 现代化 -ize （v.） 表示使---化 如：standard---standardize 使标准化 -less (a.) 无---的，不---的 如： hope---hopeless 没希望的 -logical (a.) -----学，----的研究 如：zoology---zoological 动物学的

technology---technological 工艺的

-ment (n.) 表示行为，过程，机构 如：agree---agreement 同意 adjust---adjustment 调整

-most (a.) 表示最---的 如：foremost 最先的

-ness (n.) 表示性质，状态 如：blind---blindness 失明

firm---firmness 坚定 -or (n.) 表示人物 如：edit---editor 编辑

-ous (a.) 有---性质的 如：danger---dangerous 危险的 -ship (n.) 表示关系，资格 如：friend---friendship 友谊 member---membership 会员资格

-ward (a. / ad.) 向---方向的（地） 如：forward 向前 backward 向后 -wise (ad.) 表示方向，方式 如： clock---clockwise 顺时针方向地 -y (a.) ---的，多---的 (n.) 性质，情况 如：rain---rainy 雨天的

wind---windy 刮风的 discover---discovery 发现 honest---honesty 诚实

第三部分 词汇与搭配集锦

词汇搭配是英语词汇测试的重点，英语词汇中的一些常用词及其构成的短语更是重中之重。理解与掌握这些词语的意义及其用法对英语学习及语言测试有着积极的作用。 1． 常用动词固定搭配

abide by 遵守（法律、诺言、决定等），坚持（意见） abound in 富有 abstain from 戒绝，避免 accuse sb of 指责

account for 占，说明，解释 act for 代表

act on 实行，其作用 adapt to 适应 adhere to 坚持 admit to 承认

agree on / with 同意（某事）/ （某人） allow for 考虑到

answer to 符合，适合 approve of 赞成

arrive at / in 到达（某地） associate with 联合，联系 assure sb of 使放心 attend to 专心，留意 back up 支持，倒退 back down 放弃，退却 benefit from 得益于

blame sb for sth 因某事而责备某人 belong to 属于

break away (from) 脱离，逃脱

break down 损坏，瓦解，崩溃 break in (on) 强行进入，打断，插嘴 break into 闯入

put / bring / carry into effect 实行，使起作用

play a joke on sb. 开某人的玩笑

play a role in 在-----中扮演角色，起作用 play a trick on sb. 作弄某人

play a part (in) 扮演----的角色 put in / into practice 实施，实行 put sb. to shame 羞辱某人 put / place / lay stress on/upon 把重点放在---- put to use 使用 reaction to recovery from resist temptation

run / take a risk set up (remove) a barrier between set up a claim to sth. set / give a good example to sb. set the fashion set fire to set a trap substitute for sth. take into account take (no) account of take advantage of take care take care of take a chance take charge of take (seek) comfort in take command of take into consideration take ( a) delight in take one’s departure take effect take one’s farewell of sb. take / give a glance at throw / cast light on/upon take notice of take /make an objection to take pains take part in take place take the place of take possession of take pride in

对-----的反应 从-----中恢复 抵制诱惑

冒险

在------中设置（拆除）障碍 对-----提出要求 给某人树立榜样 创立新式样 点燃 设陷阱 代替物 考虑

（不）考虑

利用，趁-----之机 注意，当心 照料，照顾 冒险，投机 接管，管理

在------中得到（寻求）安慰 指挥 考虑 以------为乐 动身，出发 生效，起作用 向某人道别 对-----初略地看一下 使人了解某事 注意到 反对----- 努力，尽力 参加

发生，进行 取代，代替 占有，占领 以-----自豪

take the resolution to do sth. 决心做某事 take the responsibility for ( of) 负起做某事的责任 take / bear one’s share of 承担自己的一份 take the firm stand 坚定立场

take a stand for (against) sth. 赞成（反对）某事 take one’s temperature 量体温 take one’s time 不着急 take turns 依次，轮流 thanks to 由于 throw a scare into sb.

throw / cast / put into the shade try one’s fortune yield / give way to temptation

4．形容词固定搭配

be absent from be accustomed to be applicable to be ashamed of be aware of be beneficial to be blind to be bound for/to be capable of be characteristic of be common to be compatible with be confident of be conscious of be consistent with be content with be contrary to be convenient to / for be crazy about/on be crazy for be critical of be dependent on / upon be distinct form be diverse from be doubtful about/of be due to be eager for/about/after be economical of be equivalent to

吓坏某人

使逊色，使相形见绌 碰运气 经不起诱惑 缺席，不在 习惯于

适应于，应用于 对-----感到羞愧 意识到，知道 对----有利

对-----视而不见 准备到-----去的，一定 有-----能力的，可----的 特有的，表示----特性的 共同的，共有的 适合的，一致的 确信，相信 意识到

与----一致，与----相符 对----感到满意 与----相反

对-----方便

对-----着迷，热衷于

渴望

对----表示谴责，对-----感到不满 依赖，依靠 与-----不同，有区别 和----不一样

怀疑

由于，应归于，（按计划）将做---- 渴求------ 节俭，节约 等于，相当于

be essential to/for 必不可少的，基本的 be familiar to 为------所熟悉 be familiar with 熟悉

be fit for / 胜任----，适合------ be fond of 喜欢

be foreign to 陌生的，与------无关的 be good at 擅长于 be generous with / in (doing) 慷慨，大方 be grateful to sb. for 对-----表示感谢 be guilty of

be helpful to be identical to/with be ignorant of be independent of be indispensable for / to be inferior to be innocent of be jealous of be keen on be liable to be liable for be loyal to be married to be new to be opposite to be preferable to be prior to be proportional to be proud of be qualified for be qualified in be ready for be relative to be relevant to be representative of be resistant to be responsible to sb. for sth be ripe for be secure from / against be sensitive to be shy of be similar to be skillful at / in be strict with

对------感到内疚，犯----的罪

对----有帮助 与-----相同 不知道，无知 不依靠

必需的 劣于，（地位等）低于---- 清白的，无辜的

妒嫉-----，注意提防的 喜爱，着迷于------

易于------的，应受（处罚）的 有责任

对----忠诚的 和某人结婚 陌生的，不熟悉 对立的，相反的 更好的，更可取得 在----之前

与-----成比例 对----感到骄傲

胜任，具有---的资格 胜任，适合 为----做好准备 和----有关系的 与----有关

代表

对----有抵抗力的 对------负责

准备好的，时机成熟的 安全的

对----敏感的

对----迟疑，畏缩 和----相似 善于，精于 对-----严格要求

be subject to 易受----的，受-----的支配 be sufficient for 充足的，满足------ be suitable for / to 适合-----的 be superior to 优于，比-----好 be suspicious of 怀疑，猜疑 be thirsty for 渴望------ be tired of 厌烦，厌倦

be typical of 典型的，具有代表性的 be uncertain of/about/as to 对-----不确定 be worthy of

4．介词固定搭配

above all after all ahead of ahead of time all at once all but all of a sudden all over all over again all right all the same all the time and so on / forth anything but apart from as a matter of fact as a result as a result of as a rule as for / to as regards as usual as well aside from at a loss at a time at all costs at all times at any rate at best at first

值得------ 有其实，最重要的是 毕竟，终究 在-----之前 提前

突然，同时，一起 除了-----都，几乎 突然

到处，遍及 重新，再一次

行，好，安然无恙 依然，照样 一直，始终 等等，诸如此类 除-----以外的任何事 除-----以外（别无） 事实上 结果，因此

由于，作为----的结果 照例，通常 关于，至于 关于，有关 像往常一样，照例 叶，又，同样 除-----以外（尚无） 困惑，不追所措，亏本地 一次，每次

不惜一切代价，无论如何 无论何时，一直 无论如何，至少 充其量，最多 起先，最初

at first sight 乍一看，第一次看到

at hand 在手边，在附近，即将到来 at heart 在内心里，本质上 at home 在家，在国内，自在

at intervals 不时，在（时间，距离上）以-----的间隔 at large 详尽的，普遍的 at last 最后，终于

at least 至少，无论如何

at length 最后，终于，详细地 at most at no time at once at one time at present at sb’s disposal at the cost of at the same time at this rate at times back and forth because of before long beside the point beyond question by accident by air by all means by chance by far by hand by itself by means of by mistake by no means by oneself by reason of by the way by way of for good for the better for the sake of for the time being from time to time in a hurry

最多，不超过 决不，从不 立刻，马上 曾经，一度，同时 目前，现在

由某人支配，供某人使用 以----为代价 同时，然而，不过 照此速度 有时，间或 来回，反复 由于，因为 不久（以后） 离题，不相干 毫无疑问 偶然

通过航空途径 务必，尽一切办法 意外地，碰巧 ------的多，最----- 用手，手工的 独自的，单独的 依靠，借助于

错误地，无意中做了错事 决不，并没有 独自的，单独的 由于，因为 顺便地

经过，以-----样的方式 永久地

好转，向好的方向发展 为了，为了-----的利益 暂时，眼下 有时，不时 匆忙，急于

in a moment 立刻，马上 in a sense 从某种意义上说 in a / one way 在某种程度上 in a / one word 总之，简而言之 in accordance with 依据，与----一致 in addition 此外

in addition to 除----以外

in advance 预先，提前

in any case 在任何情况下，无论如何 in brief in case of in charge of in common in consequence in consequence of in debt in detail in difficulty in effect in fact in favor of in front of in future = from now on in general in half in hand in honor of in itself in line in line with in memory of in no case in no time in no way in order to in other words in part in particular in person in place in place of in practice in proportion to in public

以简洁的方式，简言之 如果发生，以防 负责，主管 共有的，共同的 结果，因此 由于-----的缘故 欠债

详细地 陷入困境

实际上，事实上 实际上，其实

赞同，支持，有利于 在-----前面 今后，从今以后 总的来说，大体上 分成两半

(工作）在进行中，待办理 为纪念，为庆祝

本质上，就本身而言

成一排，成一直线，有持续 符合，与----一致 为了纪念----

决不，无论如何不 立刻，马上

状态良好，正气，有秩序 为了，以----为目的 换言之

在某种程度上，部分地 特别，尤其 亲自，本人

在合适的位置，适当地 代替，取代 在实践中，实际上 与----成比例 公开地，当众

in quantity = in large quantities 大量

in question 正在被谈论，被争论 in / with relation to 涉及，关于 in return 作为回报或报答 in return for 作为-----的交换 in short 总之，简言之

in / within sight of 看得见，在视野范围内 in spite of 不管，不顾

in step 合拍，步调一致

in step with in tears in the course of

in the end in the event of in (the) face of in the first place in the future in (the)least in the light of in the way in time in / within touch in touch with in turn in vain instead of more or less no doubt no longer no more now and then off and on / on and off on a large scale on a small scale on account of on (an / the) average on behalf of on board on business on condition that on duty on earth on fire on foot

与-----合步调，与-----一致 流着泪，哭泣 在-----过程中，在-----期间

最后，终于

万一，如果发生 面对，在-----前面 首先，本来 将来

丝毫，一点儿 鉴于，根据，由于 挡道，妨碍人的 及时，最后

联系，在----附近 与------有联系

依次，轮流，反过来 徒劳地 代替，而不是 或多或少 无疑 不再

不再，不再存在 不时，偶尔

有时，断断续续地 大规模地 小规模地 由于，因为 平均，通常 代表

在（船、飞机）上 因公，因事 在----条件下，如果 值班 究竟，到底 着火，起火 徒步，步行

on guard 值班，站岗

on hand 在手头，现有，在场 on occasion(s) 有时，间或 on one’s guard 警惕，提防 on one’s own 独自地，独立地 on purpose 有意，故意地 on sale 出售，廉价出售 on schedule 按时间表，准时

on second thoughts 继而一想，进一步考虑后 on the contrary on the ground (s) of on (the) one hand on the other hand on the point of on the road on the spot on the whole on time once again once (and) for all once in a while once more / again out of breath out of control out of date out of doors out of order out of place out of practice out of sight out of the question out of touch (with) over and over ( again) so as to so---as to so far so/as far as--- be concerned sooner or later to the point under control under / in the circumstances under way up to date with / in regard to

相反

根据，以-----为理由 一方面

另一方面

即将-----之时，正要-----的时候 在途中

在现场，当场 总的来看，大体上 准时，按时 再一次

一劳永逸，永远地 偶尔，间或 再一次

上气不接下气 失去控制

过时的，废弃的 户外的

不正齐，出故障的

不在合适的位置，不恰当的 久不练习，荒疏

看不见，在视野之外 不可能，办不到的 与-----无联系 反复，再三

为的是，以致于 如此-----以致于 迄今为止 就------而言 迟早

切题，切中要害 被控制住 在这种情况下 在进行中

时新的，现代化的 关于，至于

with respect to 关于，至于 with the exception of 除------以外 without question 毫无疑问

word for word 逐字地，一字不变地

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