高级英语视听说2参考答案

Chapter 1 The Population

I 2 populous 3 race 4 origin 5 geographical distPrelistening B 1 census ribution

6 made up of 7 comprises 8 relatively progressively 9 Metropolitan densely 10 decreased death rate 11 birth rate increasing 12 life expectancy

D 1 a 18.5 mill b 80% c 1/2 d 13.4 mill e 2: 10 f 4% g 1990 h 40% i 3/4 j 33.1%

2 a 3 b 1 c 2 d 5 e 4

II First Listening

ST1 population by race and origin ST2 geographical distribution ST3 age and sex

III Postlistening

A 1. People’s Republic of China, India

2. 281 mill

3. Hispanics(12.5%) 4. Texas

5. the South and the West 6. 20%

7. by more than 5 million 8. about 6 years 9. 2.2 years

10. a decreasing birth rate and an expectancy

Chapter 2: Immigration: Past and Present PRELISTENING

B. Vocabulary and Key Concepts immigrated

natural disasters/ droughts/ famines persecution settlers/ colonists stages

widespread unemployment scarcity

expanding/ citizens

increasing life

failure decrease limited quotas steadily trend

skills/ unskilled

D Notetaking Preparation Dates: Teens and Tens 1850 1951 The 1840s From 1890 to 1930 Between 1750 and 1850 1776 1882 1329 1860

From approximately 1830 to 1930

Language Conventions: Countries and Nationalities

The Scandinavian countries are Sweden, Norway, and Denmark. The Southern European countries are Italy, Greece, Spain, and Portugal. The Eastern European countries are Russia and Poland.

LISTENING First Listening Major Subtopics

ST1 the Great Immigration

ST2 reasons for the Great Immigration and why it ended ST3 immigration situation in the United States today

POSTLISTENING A. Accuracy Check colonists or settlers

Dutch, French, German, Scotch-Irish, Blacks The third, 1890-1930

Southern Europe and Eastern Europe The

population

doubled,

there

was

widespread

unemployment, and there was a scarcity of farmland

free land, plentiful jobs, and freedom from religious and political persecution

the failure of the potato crop in Ireland

laws limiting immigration from certain area, the Great Depression, and World War Ⅱ They are largely non-European.

Industry doesn’t need a large number of unskilled workers。

Chapter 3 American Trademarks

I B 1 statistics

2 goods producing / service 3 stricter / illegal 4 per capita

5 benefits / health insurance 6 wages / workweek 7 romanticize 8 study / productive 9 rising / opposite 10 outproduce 11 stressed 12 matched 13 stagnated 14 CEOs / profits 15 unions / favor

D a 2 b 1 c 3 d 4

Ⅱ A ST1 a historical look at work in America ST2 how U.S. workers are doing today

Ⅲ A 1 38% 2 3%

3 service industries 4 19% in 1900; 60% in 1999 5 ＄4,200 in 1900; ＄33,700 in 1999 6 health insurance 7 U.S. workers

8 They are less stressed (more vacation weeks) 9 No

10 to CEOs, the stock market, and corporate profits

Chapter 4 Family in the United States

Ⅰ.PRELISTENING

B.Vocabulary and Key Concepts 1.disintegrating 2.domestic role 3.nature/drastically

4.sensitive barometer 5.predominant configuration http://www.77cn.com.cnmitment/reverence 7.conformity/gender http://www.77cn.com.cnck/liberation 9.self-fulfillment 10.cohabiting couples 11.tripled/quadruppled 12.decline/initial

13.balance/individualism 14.flexible/on-site 15.mandate/allowances

D.Notetaking Preparation 2.Rhetorical Cues a.2 b.5 c.3 d.1 e.4

Ⅱ. LISTENING

Major Subtopics

ST1 traditional familism: mid-1940s to mid-1960s ST2 period of individualism: mid-1960s to mid-1980s ST3 the new familism: mid-1980s to present

Ⅲ. POSTLISTENING Accuracy Check No, they aren’t.

declining birth rates, rising divorce rates, discontent of women with domestic role a married couple with children It’s closer to self-reliance.

sexual revolution, women’s liberation., and the movement against the Vietnam War

the idealization of career and the drive for self-expression and self-fulfillment Single-parent quadrupled. in the second period

commitment to family, equality of men and women, fulfillment quality day care, parental leave, family allowances

families

tripled;

cohabiting

couples

Chapter 5 Religion Ⅰ. PRELISTENING

B. Vocabulary and Key Concepts 1. mandatory 2. surve/Protestant 3. modernized 4. values 5. guaranteed 6. establishes 7. underestimated 8. role/played 9. decline/revival 10. conservative

11. controversial/politicized 12. phenomenon 13.secular/authoritarian D. Notetaking Preparation

1. Commonly Used Symbols and Abbreviations 1. pop. of China＞India＞U.S.

＋ → bin pop. 3. pop. in U.S. c.281mill.

4. some people imm. to U.S.∵ nat. disaster, e.g., droughts,

famines

5. situation diff today ∴ people from Latin Am.+ Asia imm to U.S. >from Europe

6. After WWⅡ, most Am. Families still trad., i.e., w/ working father, housewife, & children

7. Today many child. Raised w/o father in home Rhetorical Cues 2 4 1 3 5

Ⅱ. LISTENING First Listening

Major Subtopics ST1 facts and figures

ST2 United States compared to other modernized nations ST3 increasing role of religion in U.S. politics particularly in recent years Ⅲ. POSTLISTENING Accuracy Check

The media, e.g., television and movies, usually ignore this

part of American culture Protestants, 52%, Catholics, 24%

Immigrants to America came from many different countries and religious backgrounds.

the United States, 60%; Italy, 7%; France, 4% freedom of worship (religion)

that church and state must be kept separate conservative

the ―rise of the religious right‖ abortion and prayer in public schools more secular

Chapter 6 Passages: Birth Marriage and Death Ⅰ. PRELISTENING

B. Vocabulary and Key Concepts 1. bewildering / ingrained 2. shower/ expectant 3. mother- to –be / pretext

4. expressions of envy / reassured 5. unheard of 6. banished / delivery 7. baptism

8. observed / fiancées 9. empowered / civil

10. bride / groom / superstitious 11. banned / hazardous 12. cremated 13. memorial / wake 14. eulogy / deceased 15. condolences / bereaved

Ⅲ. POSTLISTENING A. Accuracy Check

1. shortly before the baby is due

2. (1) baby showers not always a surprise, and (2) men sometimes attend 3. baptism

4. the bride’s family 5. a religious ceremony

6. something old, something new, something borrowed, and something blue 7. the groom

8. in case of cremation 9. a sympathy card and flowers

10. white

Unit 7 Multiculturalism

Prelistening B.

1.skeptically/homogeneous 2.deny/impact 3.melting/metaphor 4.alloy/myth

5.excluded/discrimination 6.viewed/prejudice 7.mosaic/autonomous 8.Intermarriage/adoption 9.implied/exception 10.inherit/absorb

11.assimilation/generation 12.fragmentation/proponents 13.dominant/reflects 14.Opponents/Latinos

D.

2. a. however; on the other hand b. In fact; c. For instance

d. however; nevertheless e. Rather; Instead

f. On the other hand; However; Nevertheless g. furthermore; also

Listening A

Major subtopics

ST1 the monoculturalist view ST2 the multicultualist view ST3 the pluralistic view

Accuracy check No harder

the monoculturalist view

African, Asian,and Native Americans as well as each newly arrived group

the patchwork quilt No 17%

We inherit, absorb, and choose it

fragmentation or destruction of U.S.culture open to change

Chapter8 Crime and Violence in the United States

1 Prelistening

B Vocabulary and key concepts 1. violent/aggravated 2. enforcement/stringent 3. white-collar/embezzlement 4. aggressive/predisposed to 5 .to blame/shortcomings 6. root/proliferation 7. deprived of/strike out

8. underclass/disproportionatedly 9. curbs/socializing 10. values/compassion

11. conscience/bring up 12. punishment/deterrent 13. financiers/lacking 14. takes over/leads to 15. benefits/take for granted D Notetaking Preparation

1 Structuring

a Crime statistics match public’s perception of less crime b Three secondary support ideas

1 1994-2001:violent crime decreased 52% 2 possible reasons for decrease

3 statistics on white-collar crime(embezzlement, bribery, etc.)not as clear

c Two details for each point

1. 1994:51 victims per 1000/in 2001, 24 victims per 1000 2.stricter law enforcement in cities/ stringent penalties on repeat offenders

3 statistics hard to get and/ It doesn’t scare people

2 Rhetorical cues A 2 b5 c1 d6 e3 f4

@ Listening A first listening Major subtopics

ST1 liberal theory of crime ST2conservative theory of crime

ST3 some solutions to the crime problem in the U.S

@Postlistening A Accuracy Check 1 52%

2 embezzlement, bribery, political corruption, dangerous corporate policies 3 racism, poverty, and injustice 4No

5 the liberal theory

6 by giving them values, a conscience

7 socialization by the family and fear of punishment 8 They’ve enjoyed the benefits of society 9 good education, health care, and employment 10 conservative

and/or

Unit 9 Public Education: Philosophy and Funding

I PRELISTENING

B Vovabulary and Key Concepts 1 compulsory 2 secular

3 curriculum/standdardized 4 funds/handicapped 5 exercised locally 6 elected 7 fluctuates 8 a great degree 9 controversial

10 nonsectarian/compete 11 contract/accountable 12 supporters 13 opponents/violates

14 bill/ ―adequate yearly progress‖

D Notetaking Preparation 1 Structuring: Outlining ST1 Three levels of control

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