M7U2 reading Two life-saving medicines课文

牛津高中英语M7U2reading课文,全部手工输入,包括课文原文和根据课文内容填空

M7U2 Reading Two life-saving medicines

This article will focus on two drugs that started revolutions in medicine. If you open up any medicine cupboard or go to any medicine counter in the world, it is likely that you will find aspirin and penicillin. Both of these medicines have saved millions of people’s lives and have proved beneficial to mankind since they were invented.

Aspirin

Aspirin was invented in 1897. However, the basic chemical used to make aspirin can be found in nature. Nearly 3,500 years ago, people chewed on leaves or drank a kind of tea made from leaves possessing a special chemical to reduce body pains and fever. About 2,500years ago, the Greek physician Hippocrates, father of all doctors, made a juice from a tree bark containing salicylic acid for the same effect. It was in 1897 that a European chemist called Dr Felix Hoffmann produced aspirin from this chemical. The first trials of this medicine took place in 1899, when the company Hoffmann worked for began distributing the medicine in powder form to physicians to use with patients. A year later, in 1900, aspirin was sold in shops in the form of tablets. Within a short time, aspirin became the best-selling medicine in the world for pain relief .

Not only has aspirin proved vital for reducing fever and helping stop pain, but there are also other things that aspirin can help with. Lawrence Craven, a doctor from the USA, introduced the idea in 1953 that aspirin had the potential to reduce the risk of heart attacks, because it helped the blood circulate better. The report was ignored. However, in 1971, Smith and Willis from the UK proved that aspirin could have that effect, and in 1977 a study carried out in the USA showed that aspirin could prevent strokes. Eleven years later, Dr Thun from the USA showed that aspirin could reduce the risk of some cancers by 40 percent. In 1999, aspirin was over 100 years old, and yet there have been more discoveries about how it can help increase the length of peoples lives . In 2003, a Chinese doctor, Dr Yuan Minsheng, found that aspirin could reduce blood sugar levels and, therefore, help people with diabetes.

Penicillin

Another drug that has helped increase the standard of people’s health is penicillin, which is considered by many to be one of the most important medicines in contemporary society. It was discovered by a Scottish scientist named Alexander Fleming in 1928. He noted that a dish in which he was trying to grow bacteria for an experiment looked abnormal --- there was blue mould in it. It astonished him to see the bacteria surrounding the mould dead, which meant that the mould had killed them. Fleming tried this mould out on another bacterium and found that it killed that bacterium too. He immediately realized that the mould might have an application in treating illnesses caused by bacteria. He named the liquid made from the mould ‘penicillin’. However, the development of penicillin as a drug faced two problems. First, he was unable to find a procedure to make penicillin pure enough to work as a medicine. Second, it was difficult to produce penicillin in the ample quantities needed to be effective. In 1940, two other scientists helped solve these problems, and managed to make and test the new drug in large quantities. Since the new drug was needed for World War Ⅱ, the government approval process for penicillin was accelerated, and mass production began in 1944. Due to the widespread use of penicillin, many lives were saved during the war. If penicillin had not been available, many people would have died from sickness for even small wounds. Penicillin became the greatest drug of the 20th century, saving millions of lives .

牛津高中英语M7U2reading课文,全部手工输入,包括课文原文和根据课文内容填空

In 1945, the three scientists, Fleming, Florey and Chain, shared the Nobel Prize in Medicine for their work.

Name___________ Class____________

M7U2 Reading Two __________ medicines

This article will ________________ two drugs that started _____________ in medicine. If you ______________ any medicine ____________ or go to any medicine ____________in the world, ______________________ you will find aspirin and penicillin. Both of these medicines have saved millions of people’s lives and have _____________________________________ since they were invented.

Aspirin

Aspirin was invented in 1897. However, the basic chemical used to make aspirin can be found ____________. Nearly 3,500 years ago, people _________________ leaves or drank a kind of tea made from leaves _________________________________ to reduce body pains and fever. About 2,500 years ago, the Greek _______________ Hippocrates, father of all doctors, made a juice from a tree bark ____________ salicylic acid for the same effect. ___________ in 1897 ________ a European _________ called Dr Felix Hoffmann produced aspirin from this chemical. The first ___________ of this medicine ____________ in 1899, when the company Hoffmann worked for began _______________ the medicine ___________________ to _____________ to use with patients. A year later, in 1900, aspirin was sold in shops ______________________. Within a short time, aspirin became the _______________ medicine in the world for _________ .

__________________ aspirin proved _______________ for reducing fever and helping stop pain, but there are also other things that aspirin can help with. Lawrence Craven, a doctor from the USA, ________________________ in 1953 that aspirin ________________________________reduce the ________________________, because it helped the blood ______________ better. The report was ignored. However, in 1971, Smith and Willis from the UK proved that aspirin could have that effect, and in 1977 a study ________________ in the USA showed that aspirin could _______________. Eleven years later, Dr Thun from the USA showed that aspirin could reduce the risk of some cancers ______40 percent. In 1999, aspirin was over 100 years old, and yet there have been more discoveries about how it can help _____________________________________ . In 2003, a Chinese doctor, Dr Yuan Minsheng, found that aspirin could _____________________ and, therefore, help people with ___________.

Penicillin

Another drug that has helped _______________________ of people’s health is penicillin, which is considered by many to be one of the most important medicines _____________________. It was discovered by a Scottish scientist named Alexander Fleming in 1928. He _________ that a dish in which he was trying to __________________ for an experiment looked ____________ --- there was blue mould in it. It _____________ him to see the bacteria ____________ the mould dead, which meant that the mould had killed them. Fleming ____________________________

牛津高中英语M7U2reading课文,全部手工输入,包括课文原文和根据课文内容填空

another bacterium and found that it killed that bacterium too. He immediately realized that the mould might ______________________________ treating illnesses caused by bacteria. He named the liquid made from the mould ‘penicillin’. However, the development of penicillin as a drug faced two problems. First, he _______________________ find a _____________ to make penicillin _________ enough to work as a medicine. Second, it was difficult to produce penicillin in the ample quantities needed to be ____________. In 1940, two other scientists helped solve these problems, and managed to make and test the new drug ______________________. Since the new drug was needed for World War Ⅱ, the government _____________________ for penicillin was ___________, and ___________________ began in 1944. ________________________ penicillin, many lives were saved during the war. If penicillin __________________________, many people __________________________________ sickness for even small _________. Penicillin became the greatest drug of the 20th century, _____________ millions of lives .

In 1945, the three scientists, Fleming, Florey and Chain, ___________ the Nobel Prize in Medicine for their work.

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