2022年中考英语二轮复习阅读理解基础题(二)2

2019年中考英语阅读理解基础题（二）

Passage A

（2019中考教育类选练）

We all s ee and hear about extraordinary(优秀的) people around us and wonder why we can’t be more like them. It’s not the big things that make someone extraordinary. It’s the small things. They become extraordinary by making a difference in someone’s life. Here are some of the things extraordinary people do every day:

Praise(表扬)someone. It can make the others feel great about themselves. A compliment can have a positive impact(影响) on their lives. Your team or family will love you for it.

It’s OK to admit(承认) you were wrong. You will not only gain the respect of your team mates, but you will also gain credibility(信用).

When you need help, don’t be shy or stop yourself. Everyone needs a little help sometimes. When you ask for help, you receive help. You’re willing to listen; you also need support at times.

When you don’t understand how something works, let an expert show you. When you let someone teach you something, you are telling the person that you respect his talent, time and what he is talking about.

Sometimes it is very important to stay silent. Especially when you’re angry, process your emotions, think back to what happened, and then come to a decision about how to deal with it. Before you say anything, consider others’ feeling. Never be rude with words or actions.

( ) 1. In the passage, how many points about being an extraordinary person does the writer refer to?

A. Five.

B. Six.

C.

Seven. D. Eight.

( ) 2. For an extraordinary people, if he makes a mistake, what will he do?

A. Praise others.

B. Be angry.

C. Admit his mistake.

D. Stay silent.

( ) 3. What makes a person become extraordinary?

A. Do some big and great things.

B. Some small things.

C. Having a lot of money.

D. To be a famous person.

( ) 4. Something unhappy happens, and you have to make a decision. What shouldn’t you do?

A. Stay silent.

B. Process your emotions.

C. Think back to what happened.

D. Be rude with words or actions.

( ) 5. What is the best title for the passage?

A. How to process your emotions.

B. How to admit mistakes.

C. How to become an extraordinary person.

D. How to do more small things.

参考答案1A 2C 3B 4D 5C

Passage B

中考英语阅读理解分类练习：健康保健类

You may know the saying: An apple a day keeps the doctor away. A recent study by the Chinese University of Hong Kong has discovered another saying: An apple a day keeps old age away.

The study involved fruit flies(g果蝇), as they share many genes(基因) with humans. Researchers gave one group of fruit flies normal food, and another group of fruit flies got the same food including apple.

The results showed that flies that ate apple lived an average of 55 days longer than the flies that didn’t eat apple. The study also found that apple-eating flies were more able to walk, climb and move about as they became old, the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry reports.

The researchers believe that the antioxidants (抗氧化剂）found in apples are good for health.

In another experiment, researchers studied the diets of thousands of women. They found that those women who often ate apples were 20 percent less likely to have heart

disease.

Scientists have recently discovered the apple’s genetic code(基因代码). This allows scientists to make new kinds of fruit that are healthier. Researchers are already using this information to grow apples with added antioxidants. Antioxidants help to keep eyes and joints (关节)healthy and protect against heart attacks and cancer. Apples that help people lose weight may be in supermarkets in just four or five years. They are said to be “extra healthy” apples that can stop people from overea ting. 【小题1】Fruit flies were used in the research because_______________ .

A．they love to eat apples

B．they share similar genes with humans

C．they are easy to catch

D．they can live longer

【小题2】By studying the diets of many women, researchers ___________ . A．proved apples were good for people’s health.

B．found they are healthier than men

C．helped them to lose weight successfully

D．discovered the genetic code of the apple

【小题3】From the story, we can infer(推测) that _________________.

A．women like to eat apples more often than men

B．people who eat apples are easier to have heart disease

C．scientists are studying a new type of apples

D．apples’ genetic code is similar to other fruits

【小题4】 You may find the passage in ____________ .

A．a science magazine B．a guidebook

C． a picture show D．a storybook

Passage C

Now satellites are helping to forecast（预报）the weather. They are in space, and they can reach any part of the world. The satellites take pictures of the atmosphere（大气）, because this is where the weather forms（形成）. They send these pictures to the weather stations. So meteorologists（气象学家）can see the weather of any part of the world. From the pictures, the scientists can often say how the weather will change.

Today, nearly five hundred weather stations in sixty countries receive satellite pictures. When they receive new pictures, the meteorologists compare（比较）them with earlier ones. Perhaps they may find that the clouds have changed during the last few hours. This may mean that the weather on the ground may soon change, too. In their next weather forecast, the meteorologists can say this.

So the weather satellites are a great help to the meteorologists. Before satellites were invented, the scientists could forecast the weather for about 24 or 48 hours. Now they can make good forecasts for three or five days. Soon, perhaps, they may be able to forecast the weather for a week or more ahead（提前）.

1. Satellites travel _____________.

A. in space

B. in the atmosphere

C. above the ground

D. above space

2. Why do we use the weather satellites to take pictures of the atmosphere? Because __________.

A. the weather satellites can do it easily

B. clouds form there

C. the weather forms there

D. the pictures can forecast the weather

3. Meteorologists forecast the weather __________.

A. when they have received satellite pictures

B. after they have compared new satellite pictures with earlier ones

C. before they received satellite pictures

D. during they study satellite pictures

4. Maybe we’ll soon be able to forecast the weather for ________.

A. one day

B. two days

C. five days

D. seven days or even longer

5. The main（主要的）idea of this passage is that satellites are now used in _________.

A. taking pictures of the atmosphere

B. receiving pictures of the atmosphere

C. doing other work in many ways

D. weather forecasting

参考答案Keys: 1-5 ACBDD

Passage D

Getting electricity has always been a problem for the 173 people living in Nuevo Saposoa, a small village in Peru, South America. However, things went from bad to worse in March 2015 after heavy rain damaged the only power cables in the area. The villagers were forced to use oil lamps, which are not only expensive but also dangerous because of the harmful gases they produce.

Luckily, according to the researchers at the University of Technology (UT) in Lima, Peru heard about their problem and found a wonderful solution. They made a lamp that can be powered by plants and soil, both of which can be easily found in the Amazonian rainforest where the village lies. The lamp takes energy from a plant growing in a wooden box and uses it to light up an LED light bulb.

While that may sound amazing and even impossible, the science behind the idea is quite simple. As plants create their food (using the sun's energy, water and chemicals from the soil), they also produce waste which they return to the soil. Tiny animals in the soil eat this waste and they produce electrons —the building blocks of electrical energy. The UT team put special sticks inside the soil to capture the energy and keep it in the lamp's batteries for later use. The researchers say a single charge can power a 50－watt LED light for two hours — enough time for local villagers to get their evening work done.

The university gave ten Plant Lamps to the villagers of Nuevo Saposoa in October 2015. So far, they have been a huge success! Elmer Ramirez, the UT professor who invented the lamp, believes the Plant Lamp could help improve the lives of many people,

especially small rainforest communities, 42% of whom have no electricity.

( )6.What are the problems of oil lamps according to Paragraph 1?

A. They are difficult to use and create pollution.

B. They are expensive to buy and easily damaged.

C. They are difficult to repair and produce little light.

D. They are expensive to use and can be bad for health.

( )7.The underlined word “cables” means “______”in Chinese.

A. 电报B．电缆

C. 电话

D. 网线

( )8.What is true about the Plant Lamp?

A. It can be made by local people.

B. It is much easier to use than oil lamps.

C. It can produce all the electricity the villagers need.

D. The things it needs to make electricity are easy to find.

( )9.The Plant Lamp's inventor believes it could be the most helpful for ______.

A. small rainforest communities

B. cars

C. poor people in cities

D. farmers

( )10.What is the purpose of the passage?

A. To report on a new invention.

B. To explain a new scientific theory.

C. To describe how electricity is made.

D. To discuss the problems of poor villages.

6～10 D B D A A

Passage E

阅读下面短文或图表，并选择正确答案。

Smog is a big problem in many Chinese cities. But it seems that

besides wearing a mask, few of us know what has caused the smog

and what to do to beat it. Chai Jing, a former news reporter with China Central Television, discussed the questions in her documentary Under the Dome.

The 103-minute film was released on major Chinese video-sharing websites on Feb 28,

2015. In the film, Chai visits polluted places and talks to officials and scientists. She concludes that burning too much coal and oil is the main cause of PM2.5 and smog.

To make things worse, according to Chai, the coal and oil we are burning is of poor quality and don’t meet the standards for environmental protection. Therefore they have produced more harmful gas and particles (颗粒) to pollute the air. To solve the problem, Chai suggests that we should clean our coal and oil or replace them with cleaner energy such as natural gas.

In her film, Chai also emphasized that ordinary people can do something to help control smog too. For example, we can live a greener life by using more public transportation.

If your destination is not far away, you can also walk or ride a bike. If we see things that could harm the environment, we can call the hotline 12369, which is run by China’s Ministry of Environmental Protection for complaints questions about environmental issues. If you find any polluted source, take a picture of it and post it on your social media accounts. Remember to add “@local environmental departments” on weibo. Pay attention to the factories tha t pollute the environment and don’t buy products made from these factories. You can also ask your parents to clean the cooking area regularly

to avoid extra harmful gas.

Chen Jinning, the new minister of Environmental Protection, praised Chai. “This film encourages ordinary people to be concerned with the environment. This is what we need

in the future.”

32. Under the Dome ▲ .

A. is another book written by Chai Jing after Seeing

B. was released on China Central Television on Feb 28

C. discusses what has caused the smog and what to do to beat it

D. suggests us to wear a mask to prevent serious smog

33. According to Chai’s documentary, the main cause of PM 2.5. is ▲ .

A. sandstorm

B. burning rubbish

C. burning too much coal and oil

D. industrial wastes

34. As an ordinary people, what can we do to help control smog?

A. use more public transportation

B. call the hotline 12315

C. walk or ride a bike even if you go far away

D. take a photo of any polluted source and send it to China’s Ministry of Environmental Protection

35. Chen Jinning’s words show that ▲ .

A. ordinary people can do nothing with the environment

B. what we need in the future is bright and clean sky

C. Chai has done such meaningful work

D. Chai’s work can remind us of bad environment

参考答案32-35 CCAC

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