新概念英语2lesson 10 grammar

学习目标：被动语态的构成，主动语态变被动语态转换

学习重难点：主动语态与被动语态的转换

一、1. 语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和动词之间的关系。英语动词有两

种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态动词的主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态动词的主语是动作的承受者。

2. 由助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词（V-ed）构成。

助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化。

二、 主变被解题步骤:

1. 找宾语 ----即动作的承受者

2. 判断宾语的单复数 ----即be动词的单复数.

3. 判断动词的时态 ----即be动词的时态.

4. 修改谓语的时态 ----即原句动词改为过去分词

5. 修改原句的主语 ----即by+ 主语/ 宾语.

Eg. They make shoes in that factory

Shoes are made in the factory by them.

一般现在时：am／is／are＋taught

一般过去时：was／were＋taught

一般将来时：will／shall (be going to) be＋taught

现在进行时：am／is／are being＋taught

过去进行时：was/were being＋taught

现在完成时：have／has been＋taught

含情态动词： can/ must/need/have to…+be taught

三、 语态转换(Give the students some minutes to discuss)

1. He teaches English in our school.

English is taught in our school by him.

总结：______________________________

2. She gave me a book.

I was given a book by her.

A book was given to me by her.

总结：_______________________________

3.He made me do the work

I was made to do the work by him.

总结：这些动词真奇怪，主动句中to 离开，被动句中to回 来。（feel,listen to,hear,let have,make,look at,see,watch…)

4.They take good care of the baby.

The baby is taken good care of by them.

注意：含动词词组的被动语态，须将其看作一个整体，不可把它们分隔开来。

一、单项选择：

( ) 1. English ____ in Canada.

A.speaks B.are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken

( ) 2. This English song___ by the girls after class.

A. often sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung

( ) 3. This kind of car ___ in Japan.

A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made

( ) 4. New computers ___ all over the world.

A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used

( ) 5. Our room must ___ clean.

A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep

( ) 6. A new house ___ at the corner of the road.

A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building

( ) 7. Doctors ___ in every part of the world.

A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need

( ) 8. Japanese ___ in every country.

A. is not spoken B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is not speaking

( ) 9. These papers___yet.

A. have not written B. have not been written

C. has not written D. has not been written

( ) 10. The sports meeting ___ be held until next week.

A. didn't B. won't C. isn't D. doesn't

二、 用动词的适当形式填空

1. The bridge _________________( build) last year.

2. The Olympic Games____________________(hold) every four years.

3. The problem ___________________________(discuss) at the meeting now.

4. His new book _____________________________(publish) next month.

5. The classroom______________________________(not clean) yet.

6. The machine ____________________________(repair) at this time yesterday.

三、将下列句子变为被动语态：

1. They clean the room every day._______________________________________

2. He lost two books yesterday._________________________________________

3. My mother washed my school uniform last Sunday.

__________________________________________________

4. They water young trees every day.____________________________________

5. People would never forget the accident.________________________________

6. She has turned on the computer already.________________________________

7. People are building a new bridge now._________________________________

8. I often see the old man feed the birds._________________________________

参考答案：

一、单项选择

1—5: DDDCB 6—10: BCABB

二、 用动词的适当形式填空

1. was built 2. are held 3. is being discussed

4. will be published

5. has not been cleaned 6. was being repaired

三、将下列句子变为被动语态：

1. The room is cleaned (by them) every day.

2. Two books were lost (by him) yesterday.

3. My school uniform was washed by my mother last Sunday.

4. Young trees are watered (by them) every day.

5. The accident would never be forgotten (by people).

6. The computer has been turned on (by her) already.

7. A new bridge is being built (by people) now.

8. The old man is often seen to feed the birds.

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