高中英语语法：虚拟语气专项练习题精选50题-(有答案)

高中英语语法：虚拟语气专项练习50题

1．--- I’m sorry. I _______ at you the other day.

--- Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself.

A. shouldn’t shout

B. shouldn’t have shouted

C. mustn’t shout

D. mustn’t have shouted

2 Thank you for all y our hard work last week. I don’t think we ____ it without you.

A. can manage

B. could have managed

C. could manage

D. can have managed

3. ____ he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race.

A. If

B. Since

C. Though

D. When

4 --- If the traffic hadn’t been so heavy, I could h ave been back by 6 o’clock.

--- What a pity! Tina ____here to see you.

A. is

B. was

C. would be

D. has been

5 I was really anxious about you. You ____home without a word.

A. mustn’t leave

B. shouldn’t have left

C. couldn’t have left

D. needn’t leave

6 He suggested that the person ____to be punished.

A. refers

B. refer

C. should refer

D. referred

7 --- Do you think the thief entered the room through the back door？

--- No, if he had, I don’t believe he ____the living-room window.

A. would break

B. broke

C. would have broken

D. breaks

8 Without electricity, human life ____quite different today.

A. is

B. will be

C. would have been

D. would be

9 --- ____he come to see you as he promised？

--- Of course, please, and I’d rather he ____ me the truth.

A. Will; informed

B. Shall; told

C. Should; will tell

D. Can; tell

10 --- He looks very hot and dry.

--- So ____ if you had a temperature of 39.

A. would you

B. will you

C. would you have been

D. do you

11 I forget where I read the article, or I ________ it to you now.

A. will show

B. would show

C. am going to show

D. am showing

12. “It looks as if he were drunk.” “So it does. _________.”

A. He’d better give up drinking

B. He shouldn’t have drunk so much

C. Health is more important than drink

D. I wonder why he is always doing so

13. “Mary looks hot and dry” “So _________ you if you had so high a fever.”

A. do

B. are

C. will

D. would

14. “He will come tomorrow.” “But I’d rather he _________ the day after tomorrow.”

A. will come

B. is coming

C. came

D. had come

15. All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he ________ badly wounded and that he ________ at once.

A. should be; be operated on

B. were; must be operated on

C. was; should be operated

D. was; be operated on

16. _________ smoking, he would not have got cancer in the lung.

A. Was he given up

B. Had he given up

C. Did he give

D. If he gave up

17. What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he ____ better。

A. need have done

B. must have done

C. can have done

D. might have done

18. I to go for a walk, but som eone called and I couldn’t get way。

A. was planning

B. had planned

C. planned

D. would plan

19. I would like _______ you to my birthday party, but I was busy and forgot to call you。

A. to invite

B. inviting

C. to have invited

D. having invited

20. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he ______ our chairman now.

A. must have been

B. would have been

C. were

D. would be

21. ______ the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday.

A. In spite of

B. But for

C. Because of

D. As for

22．The sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the sun ________round the earth.

circling

B. circles

C. is circling

D. be circling

23．Had he worked harder, he _____ the exams.

A. must have got through

B. would have got through

C. would get through

D. could get through

24．I'd rather you _____ by train, because I can't bear the idea of your being in an airplane in such bad weather.

A. would go

B. should go

C. went

D. had gone

25．_____ for the timely investment from the general public,our company would not be so thriving as it is.

A. Had it not been

B. Were it not

C. Be it not

D. Should it not be

26. We are all for your proposal that discussion _____.

A. be put off

B. was put off

C. should put off

D. is to put off

27. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I ____ your advice.

A. follow

B. had followed

C. would follow

D. have followed

28. Without electronic computers, much of today’s advanced technology

______ .

A. will not have been achieved

B. have not been achieved

C. would not have been achieved

D. had not been achieved

29. When Edison died, it was proposed that the American people _______ all

power in their homes, streets, and factories for several minutes in honour of this great man.

A. turn off

B. turned off

C. would turn off

D. had turned off

30. There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, _______a sudden loud noise.

A. being there

B. should there be

C. there was

D. there having been

round the town, he felt as though he ______ away for ages.

been

B. was

C. is

D. had been

doesn't want to work right away because she thinks that if she ______ a job she probably wouldn't be able to see her friends very often.

A. has to get

B. had got

C. were to get

D. could have got

you known the truth, you should have told him .

A. Have

B. Had

C. Having

D. If

high time you ______.

A. start to work

B. would start to work

C. started to work

D. had started to work

35. Bob would have helped us yesterday, but he-_______

A. was busy

B. is busy

C. had been busy.

D. will be busy

36. John went to the hospital alone. If he me about it, I would have gone with him.

A. should tell

B. tells

C. told

D. had told

we ___ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.

A. take

B. had taken

C. took

D. have taken

38. --The weather has been very hot and dry.

--Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables .

A. wouldn't die

B. didn't die

C. hadn't died

D. wouldn't have died

I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and

energy______ .

A．would have been saved B．had been saved

C．will be saved D．was saved

, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday.

---Oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline.

A. must

B. mustn't

C. should

D. shouldn't

41. _____ the sun, nothing on earth could live.

A. Were it not to

B. If it were not to

C. If it had not been for

D. If it were not for

42. If he _____, give him the message.

A. were coming

B. would come

C. should come

D. were come

43. Were I to move to a foreign country, I _____ away all my furniture in my house here.

A. would give

B. shall give

C. gave

D. will give

44. I would go to the concert but I _____ no time.

A. had

B. had had

C. have

D. has

45. —Would you have told him the answer

|

—Yes, I would have, but I _____ so busy then.

A. had been

B. were

C. was

D. am

46. —Why didn’t you buy it

—I _____ but I didn’t have the money.

A. would

B. would have

C. had had

D. had bought

47. —You should have finished it sooner.

—I know but I _____ the time.

A. don’t have

B. won’t have

C. didn’t have

D. had not

$

48. _____ water, we could not live a day in the desert.

A. Without

B. No

C. Having no

D. But not for

49. If you _____ the doctor’s advice, you would have recovered already.

A. followed

B. would followed

C. will follow

D. had followed

50. If he had not lost the money, he _____ the piano last week.

A. could have bought

B. had bought

C. would buy

D. have bought

】

"

参考答案与解析：

1. B。考查虚拟语气中情态动词的选择。should have done是虚拟用法，表示对过去情况的后悔或责备，D项语气太重，不符合语境。

2. B。此题考查情态动词表示虚拟意义的用法。I don’t think…是否定前移。意为：我认为没有你我们本不能做成这件事的。此题关键是要根据句意知道是虚拟语气，其基本形式是情态动词（过去式）+ have done，所以其他选项皆可排除。

3. A。从题干意思看，句子明显用虚拟语气。If可引导虚拟的条件从句，指与事实相反或不可能实现的假设。对过去的情景表达虚拟时条件句谓语用had + 过去分词，主句用would/ could/ should have done 形式。

4. B。透过虚拟语气透漏的信息：因交通拥挤，我六点以前没能及时赶回；所以下文说：真遗憾，Tina六点以前在（was）这里（要见你，但现在已经走了），上句虚拟，下句真实。

5. B。语境告诉考生，说话者对对方非常担心又满怀关切之情，既着急又生气，因此难免说出埋怨的话：你本不该不辞而别（而使我如此担心）。shouldn’t have left是一种虚拟说法，即“过去本不该离开”，符合语境。

6. D。suggest的宾语从句常用虚拟语气“(should)+原形动词”，故易误选B, C.其实该题考查的是过去分词短语referred to作定语，从句的谓语是(should) be punished.

7. C。对话中的No是关键词，说明答话人已经否认小偷进入过房间，所以后面的议论用的是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。

8. D。“假如今天没有电，人们的生活就大不同了”，是一种虚拟表达，要用与现在事实相反的虚拟语气谓语，故选D. 这里Without短语表示虚拟条件。

9. B。考查情态动词和虚拟语气的运用。表示征询意见，shall用于第一、三人称；would rather 后接从句用过去时表示虚拟语气。

10. A。根据句子的内在逻辑暗示这里应用“so +谓语+主语”句型表示前边的一种情况也适用于后者；本句中从句谓语动词had是解题的关键，这暗示if从句使用了虚拟语气，那么与将来事实相反的主句谓语要用could，would＋原形动词等，故选A。

11．B。几个干扰项均有可能误选。正确答案选B。根据上文的语境可知句中的or 隐含有一个虚拟的条件，即or=if I didn’t forget where I read the article（要是我没忘记我在哪儿读过这篇文章的话——但事实上忘了）。

12．D。几个干扰项均有可能误选，主要是受句中drunk 一词的影响。最佳答案为D。关键信息是It looks as if he were drunk 中的虚拟语气，句子既然用了虚拟语气，也就是说，“他喝醉了”不是事实，只是他的言行好像是醉了，所以此题的最佳答案是D。

13．D。容易误选A或C。选A者，认为前后两句的动词性质应一致；选C者，认为其后带有if 条件状语从句，从语气上看，主句应用将来时态。此题最佳答案为D。

14．C。容易误选A或B。根据上文的He will come tomorrow 以及下文的时间状语the day after tomorrow 似乎都表明空白处应填一个一般将来时态。但此题的最佳答案是C。按照英语习惯，would rather 后接that 从句时，从句谓语通常要用虚拟语气，即用过去式表示现在或将来，用过去完成时表示过去。

15．D。几个干扰项均有可能误选。最佳答案选D。insist后的从句谓语有时用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气，有时不用，具体要看该谓语动词所表示的含义。一般说来，若该谓

语动词所表示的动作尚未发生，或尚未成为事实，则用虚拟语气；若该谓语动词所表示的动作已经发生，或已经成为事实，则要用陈述语气。分析上题的句意，可知只有选D最合适。16．B。容易误选D。正确答案应选B。之所以不能选D，是因为时态前后有矛盾。由于主句谓语是would not have got，这表明是对过去事实作出的假设，所以从句谓语应该是had given up，而不是像D项那样用一般过去时。另外，当虚拟条件句中有had, should, were 等词时，通常可以省略if，并将had, should, were 提前置于句首。17．D。“What a pity!”暗示他的表现令人遗憾。鉴于他的能力和经验，他本来可能发挥得更好，因此用might have done，最佳答案为D。

18．B。句意为：我原计划去散步，但是有人来访，我无法走开。had planned to do sth表示过去未能实现的打算。最佳答案为B。

19．C。句意为：我本来想让你参加我的生日宴会，可是因为忙，我忘记了。would like to have done sth。表示“本来想做某事(而未做)”。最佳答案为C。

20．D。这道题目是一个混合虚拟语气的句子。条件句省略了if，把助词had提前到主语前面，表示对过去情况的假设，而主句中now表明了对现在情况的假设，所以应选would(should, could, might)+动词原形这种表达形式。四个选项中只有（D）是正确表达形式，故为正确答案。

21．B。假设的情况有时不是用一个条件句表示，而是隐含在一个由介词如but for、but that、without, 由连词but、副词otherwise 、比较级、形容词、独立主格等表示的上下文中。本句主句表示对过去情况的假设，但事实上由于英语考试而没有去成，即若不是因为英语考试，我本可以去听音乐会，所以应选（B）But for为正确答案。

22．A。 if引导的从句要求用虚拟语气，表示同时或将来的情况，动词要用过去式（be 动词用were）或would(could等)+动词原形，本句话中指的是当时的情况，所以要用过去式，故（A）是正确答案。23．B。本题前半句是表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件从句，后半句是表示与过去事实相反的主句。相当

于：If he had worked harder, he would have got through the exams.本题的答案是B. would have got through。选项A. must have got through（肯定通过）表示一种对过去事情的主观推测，不是与过去事情相反的情况。另外，must不能用在虚拟条件句中。选项C. would get through（就会通过）是虚

拟语气现在时的一种表示方法，表示与现在事实相反。选项D. could get through（可能通过），could

也可以用于非真实条件句里，表示与事实相反的情况，但这里，它只表示与现在事实或将来可能的事实相反。

24．C。主语+would rather后接宾语从句,从句中谓语须用虚拟语气：用一般过去时表示希望现在或将来实现的行为或状态,用过去完成时表示希望过去实现的行为或状态。本题中原因状语从句用一般现在时,暗示希望现在或将来发生的行为动作,故选C. went。25．A．“要不是老百姓的及时投资，我们的公司不会像现在这样兴旺。”本题测试交错时间的虚拟语气。从句是表示过去时间的虚拟条件，if省略，主语

it与助动词had倒装。虚拟条件句也可写成这样：If it had nor been for the timely investment from the general public。这是重点句型，在各类测试中常考。

26. A. 全句意思是：我们都赞成你的建议，把讨论推迟。答案是A。

27. B。 if only 引出感叹句，意思是“要是……多好”，表示说话人的一种愿望，希望发生（事实上不可能发生）与过去事实相反的情况。本句的全句意思是：“看我现在的处境多糟糕！要是我听从你的劝告多好”。事实上，句中的“我”没有听从劝告，所以处境很糟糕。

28. C. 这是一人含蓄虚拟条件句，通过介词短语without,表示潜在的一种假设，而主句中的情况也早已经发生，所以是对过去情况的一种假设，因此用would not have been achieved 这一形式。

29. A propose是欲望动词,后接的宾语从句或主语从句中谓语要用虚拟语气：should+动词原形或直接用动词原形。

30. B。句意为：“要是有一声巨响，这些动物会受到惊吓，这是有现实可能性的。”should there be

表示虚拟条件句中将来时间的谓语形式, if省略,所以should与there倒装。因此B. should there be 就是本题答案。

31. D。 felt是过去式，所以该句是由as though引导的与过去相反的虚拟。

32. C。本句的意思是：“琼不想马上就工作，她认为要是找了工作，就不能经常探访她的朋友了”。这说明，琼目前没有工作。句中假设的情况在近期内并不会存在。该条件句应当用表示将来情况的虚拟语气。条件从句的谓语用should或were to引出。因此C. were to get 是本题答案。.解析:句子可还原为If you had known the truth, you should have told him . If+ had done,主句为could/ should/ would have done.

34. C. 考查句型It’s high time后接虚拟语气用法。

. 前句表示对过去的虚拟，而but之后表示过去的客观事实，故用一般过去时态。

36. D. 句意：约翰独自去了医院。如果他告诉我的话，我会跟他一起去的。前一句是陈述语气，说明

动发生在过去，而且后一句的主句已经是would have gone说明是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。与之对应的从句结构，应该用had +过去分词。

. 考查虚拟语气。所填词做虚拟语气中条件状语从句的谓语，根据主句的谓语动词形式might have arrived可知题干是与过去事实相反，故所填部分用had+过去分词形式。

38. D。第二个说话人的If条件句是我们选择正确答案的关键。要是当时下雨了，现在的情况就好的多了！我的蔬菜也就不会死了。过去没有下雨，所以我的蔬菜干死了也是发生在过去。而将句子还原则为If it had rained even a drop, my vegetables wouldn't have died.

If+ had done,主句为couldn’t/ shouldn't/ wouldn't have done.

39. A。根据句子的倒装特征判断此处是省略了if的虚拟语气，原形是：If I had known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy___.故选择A。句意为：如果我早知道这个电脑程序，就可以节省大量的时间和精力了。

。此处表示和过去事实相反的情况，应该用should + have + 过去分词。本来应该做，而未做。

41. D。表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，意思是“如果不是有太阳的话”。

42. C。表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用should do.

43. A。表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，主句用would/should do.

44. C。 but后面的分句表示事实情况，不用虚拟语气。

45. C。 but后面的分句表示过去的事实情况，因此用过去时。

46. B。虚拟语气和事实情况混合的用法，第一个分句是虚拟，而but后面是事实情况。

47. C。 but后面的分句表示过去的事实情况，因此用过去时。

48. A。 without经常代替虚拟的从句，表示假设。

49. D。表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用过去完成时。

50. A 。could have done表示“本来可以做某事”。

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