高中虚拟语气练习题及详细答案

1. If I ___ ten years younger, I ______ very happy.

A. were, would be B. am, shall be C. were, shall be D. am, would be

2. ---You can ask your brother for help. ---He is not at home. If he ______, I ______ .

A. is, would B. were, would C. is, will D. were, will

3. If you _____ the doctors advice, you would have already recovered. A. follow B. followed C. would follow D. had followed 4. If he had not missed the train, he ______ there by then. A. might get B. might have got C. got D. had got

5. What would you have done last night, if you ______ to write your homework.

A. hadn't B. haven't had C. didn't have D. hadn't had 6. ---Did you catch the plane? ---No, if I had hurried, I ______ .

A. would B. would have C. could D. did

7. Why didn't you tell him the truth? If I ______ you, I would have. A. were B. had been C. am D. would be 8. ---How do you like the party?

---Wonderful. If you had come with us, you ______ a good time. A. had B. had had C. would have D. would have had

9. If I ______ out of my ink, I would have finished writing the paper. A. didn't run B. shouldn't run C. haven't run D. hadn't run 10. If you ______ early tomorrow morning, you would be there by noon.

A. have started B. were start C. were to start D. had started 11. If you ______ to the moon one day, you would find it quite different from the earth.

A. travel B. had travelled C. should travel D. have trarelled 12. What ______ yesterday if you ______ TV programme. A. would you do, hadn't watch

B. would you have done, hadn't watched C. could you do, didn't watch D. would you have done, didn't watch

13. ----Are you thinking about going to Dalian for the vacation? ----No, but if I ______ time, I ______ very glad to go there. A. have, will be B. had had, would have been C. had, would be D. had had, would be

14. ----My boss often made me work day and night. ----If I ______ you, I ______ the job.

A. am, will give up B. had been you, would have given up C. were, would give up D. had been you, would give up 15. If you tell me all about it, I ______ able to decide. A. would be B. could be C. were D. shall be

16. If you ______ George, would you please tell him to ring me? A. saw B. were to C. have seen D. see

17. I'm sure he hasn't sent the letter. If he ______ it, I ______ . A. sent, got B. sent, have got C. sent, would go D. had sent, would have got

18. ----Sally finally got here from Chicago.

----If she ______ earlier, we ______ her to the party then. A. came, would take B. had come, would have taken C. comes, will take D. had come, would take

19. I don't know whether to take the medicine at once. If I ______ ，I ______ it.

A. knew, would take B. had known, would have taken it C. knew, would have taken D. had known, would take 20. ----Did you need any help with your maths last night? ----No, If ______ , I ______ you.

A. had, would have called B. had, would call

C. had needed, would have called D. had needed, would call 21. I would buy that car，if I ______ enough money. A. have B. had C. will have D. had had

22. Ford might have come to school in time for Professor Smith's lecture, ______ .

A. if he got up earlier B. unless he had got up earlier C. but he got up rather late D. but he had got up so late 23. ______ their help in the past years, he would be living a hard life and might even have starve to death.

A. With B. If it were not for C. If it had not been for D. If not 24. If it had not rained yesterday, the ground ______ muddy now. A. is not B. will not be C. would not be D. would not have been 25. You ______ any difficulty now, if you had made a more careful plan. A. won't meet with B. would not meet with

C. would not have met with D. have not met with

26. He did his best in everything, ______ he would not have been what he was.

A. and B. but C. otherwise D. but that

27. ----What would you wish to do if you were to be a college student again? ----That's very hard to say, but I wish I ______ biology when I was a college student.

A. had studied B. studied C. study D. have studied

28. ----You should have gone to the show with us yeaterday. It's very good. ----I wished I ______ , but I was busy with my report. A. had B. did C. would have D. were

29. Mr Johnson said angrily, \wife. I'm not. We are both the boss's men. \A. were B. am C. would be D. had been

30. ______ the thick fence, he would have been more fearful. A. But for B. Without C. If it were not for D. both A and B 31. He talked as if he ______ to Beijing, but I knew he hadn't. A. went B. were C. had been D. would have been 32. ----Would you have told him the awswer, if possible? ----Yes, I would have, but I ______ very busy. A. had been B. were C. was D. would be

33. If he ______ in England, what language could he probably speak now? A. were born B. had been born C. would have been born D. was born

34. If we ______ Steven's advice, we would not be lost in the forest.

A. took B. had taken C. have taken D. would take

35. If the govenment had built more houses for the homeless people after the earth quake, the housing problems now in some parts of the city ______ so serious now.

A. wouldn't be B. will not have been C. wouldn't have been D. would have not been

36. What a heavy rain it is! If we ______ the rain coat, we wouldn't ______ in the rain.

A. had put on, be walking B. put on, walk C. put on, be walking D. should put on, walk

37. ----Why is the window broken? ----If I ______ care, it ______ .

A. took, wouldn't happen B. had taken, wouldn't have happened C. took, wouldn't have happened D. had taken, wouldn't happen 38. ----Do you think the thief entered through the side door? ----No, if he had, he ______ the living room window. A. would break B. would have broken C. wouldn't break D. wouldn't have broken

39. I ______ one of Tom's paintings, but if I had, he would have given it to me.

A. wanted B. want C. didn't want D. don't want

40. I've forgotten his telephone number. If I ______ it down, I ______ you now.

A. put, would have told B. put, would tell C. had put, would have told D. had put, would tell

41. Mr Li required the computer equipment referred ________ used in every classroom.

A. should be B. have to be C. to be D. to being 42. —Yang Liwei has won great honour for our country. —Who is Yang Liwei?

—What a question! It is surprising ________ the first spaceman in China.

A. you didn’t know our national hero B. to you not to know him C. you should know nothing about D. you knew nothing about him 43. —What courses are you going to do next term?

—I don’t know. But it’s about time ________ on something. A. I’d decide B. I decided C. I decide D. I’m deciding 44. One of the requirements for the fire is that the material ________ to its burning temperature.

A. is heated B. will be heated C. would be heater D. be heated

45. Robert wishes that he ________ business instead of history when he was in university.

A. studies B. studied C. has studied D. had studied

46. My demand is that the information referred to in my report ________ to Mr. Brown without delay.

A. to be e-mailed B. e-mailed C. be e-mailed D. being e-mailed 47. He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he ________ to the meeting. A. would come B. came C. would have come D. had come

48. Without electricity human life ________ quite different today. A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be

49. If he had not gone out in the storm, he ________ alive now.

A will be B. would be C. would have been D. is

50. If only I _____ how to operate an electronic computer as you do. A. had known B. would know C. should know D. knew

51. But for the party, he ________ of hunger fifteen years ago. A. would have died B. would die C. must have died D. must die 52. I would have come earlier, but I ________ that you were waiting for me.

A. didn’t know B. hadn’t know C. would have known D. haven’t known

53. The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students ________ two weeks to prepare for the exam.

A. give B. should give C. be given D. would be given

54. Wang Ling, one of my friends, is very good at English. He speaks English as if he ________ an Englishman.

A. were B. would be C. have been D. had been

55. We ________ our lives had it not been for the policeman. A. would have lost B. should lose C. might lose D. had lost

56. ________ more careful, his ship would not have sunk.

A. If the captain were B. Had the captain been

C. Should the captain be D. If the captain would have been 57. Were it not for the snowy weather, we ________ all right. A. would be B. would have been C. were D. may be

58. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ________ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.

A. wouldn’t have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall

59. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he ________ a goal.

A. had scored B. scored C. would score D. would have scored 60. How I wish every family ________ a large house with a beautiful garden!

A. has B. had C. will have D. had had

61. The factory was built in a secret place, around ______ high mountains.

A. which was B. it was C. which were D. them were

（1） Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _______ some fruit shops.

A. which is B. it is C. which are D. them are

（2） The murder happened in an old building, beside ______ the city police station.

A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are

（3） Next month we'll move to a new building, next to _______ a nice restaurant where we can have Chinese food.

A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are

62. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, \there a hospital around ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?\

A. that B. which C. where D. what

63. _____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.

A. It B. As C. That D. What

（1） ______ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior school is increasing.

A. Which B. As C. That D. It

（2） ______ is mentioned above that the number of the students in senior school is increasing.

A. Which B. As C. That D. It

64. David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like.

A. that B. who C. as D. whom

It was not such a good dinner _______ she had promised us.

A. like B. that C. which D. as

65. The buses, most of _______ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.

A. that B. it C. them D. which

（1） His house, for _______ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000. A. that B. it C. them D. which

（2） Ashdown forest, through _______ we'll be driving, isn't a forest any longer.

A. that B. it C. them D. which

（3） This I did at nine o'clock, after _______ I sat reading the paper. A. that B. it C. them D. which 类似地，以下各题选 whom，不选 them：

（4） George, with _______ I played tennis on Sundays, was a warm-hearted person.

A. that B. him C. them D. whom

（5） Her sons, both of ______ work abroad, will come back home this summer.

A. that B. who C. them D. whom

（6） I met the fruit-pickers, several of _______ were still university students.

A. that B. who C. them D. whom

66. He had thousands of students, many of ______ gained great success in their own field.

A. whom B. them C. which D. who

（1） He asked a lot of questions, none of ______ was easy to answer. A. which B. them C. what D. that

（2） He asked a lot of questions, and none of ______ was easy to answer.

A. them B. which C. what D. that

（3） He told me that he had two girl-friends, neither of _______ knew anything about the other.

A. whom B. them C. which D. who

（4） He told me that he had two girl-friends, and neither of _______ knew anything about the other.

A. them B. whom C. which D. who

67. He had a lot of friends, only a few of ______ invited to his wedding.

A. whom B. them C. which D. who

（1） They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _______ carried out in their work.

A. which B. them C. what D. that

（2） They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _______ were carried out in their work.

A. which B. them C. what D. that

（3） They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of _______ were carried out in their work.

A. which B. them C. what D. that

68. On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents seated together joking.

A. their B. whose C. which D. that

（1） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents were seated together joking.

A. their B. whose C. which D. that

（2） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, and _______ parents were seated together joking.

A. their B. whose C. which D. that

（3） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents sitting together joking.

A. their B. whose C. which D. that

（4） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents sat together joking.

A. their B. whose C. which D. that

（5） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents were sitting together joking.

A. their B. whose C. which D. that

69. If the man is only interested in your looks, _____ just shows how shallow he is.

A. as B. which C. what D. that

（1） If you promise to go with us, _____ will be OK. A. as B. which C. and it D. that

（2） If you want a double room, _____ will cost another ￡15.

A. as B. which C. what D. that

（3） Whether you go or not, _______ is quite all right with me. A. that B. which C. and it D. so

（4） When I say two hours, _____ includes time for eating. A. as B. which C. what D. that

70. She says that she'll never forget the time ________ she's spent working as a secretary in our company.

A. which B. when C. how D. where

（1） Our company will move to a tall building _______ we bought last month.

A. which B. when C. how D. where

（2） Our company will move to a tall building _______ has just been complete.

A. which B. when C. how D. where

（3） Our company will move to a tall building _______ we worked two years ago.

A. where B. when C. that D. which 答案与分析

练习一：1．选A。2．选B。

3．选D。从两个方面分析都应选D。从follow the doctor's advice动作本身分析，这是个非延续性动词，所以它只能是要么已经，要么将来，即要么与过去事实相反，要么与将来事实相反。从全句的意思中分析，应是前者。也可以从主句中分析。它是与过去事实相反的would have recovered。从全句的意思上看，从句也应是与过去事实相反。

4．选B。\，\不是非得\。have一词作\有\解时，其否定和疑问的形式有两种，you don't have, you haven't，但作除\有\解以外的含义时，只能有第一种否定或疑问形式，所以选项A是错的。B项不是虚拟语气，C项是与现在或将来事实相反故也须排除。

6．选B。 根据问句，if条件从句及全句的意思，主句只能理解为与过去事实相反， would have是would have caught的省略。

7．选B。从句应理解为与过去事实相反，故选had been。

8．选D。问句中虽用现在时，但实际上是询问过去的事，故主从句都是与过去事实相反，所以would have had是对的。

9．选D。与过去事实相反的从句是过去完成时，故选hadn't run。run out of意为\用光\。

10．选C。从句中的tomorrow morning已经告知我们，本句可理解为与将来事实相反，A、D两项都不对。B项缺少to，故选were to start。

11．选C。从句中的one day指\将来有一天\，故用should可表示将来。 12．选B。根据主句中的yesterday可以确定，主句是与过去事实相反，又根据句意，从句也是与过去事实相反，故选B。

13．疑问句是询问将来，故用与将来事实相反的C项。

14．选B。第一句中的made是指过去，回答要同上文的时间相符，所以，主句和从句均是与过去事实相反。

15．选D。条件从句的tell说明这不是一个虚拟条件，因此选用真实意义的D项。

16．选D。would you please并不是虚拟语气，而是一种很委婉的祈使句，故从句也

不用虚拟条件，而选用真实条件的see。

17．选D。第一句已清楚地道出过去的一个事实。第二句是与这个过去的事实相反的虚拟语气，故选用D。

18．选B。根据第一句，第二句中的条件从句应是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟条件，而主句也用与过去事实相反，这是由于句尾的then的缘故，如果没有then一词，选D项也是正确的。

19．选A。主、从句都是与现在事实相反，故用A。

20．选C。第一句是询问过去的事实，第二句中的主、从句都理解为过去才合逻辑，虽然D选项在语法上是对的，但从时间上看却不合理。

21．选B。22．选C。23．选C。如用with则全句的逻辑关系不成立，而用D项其语法结构有错。in the past years已经告诉我们应与过去事实相反的条件从句，所以只有C是对的，B项用来表示与现在事实相反，也应排除。B、C这两种用法只能表示虚拟条件，不能表示真实条件，其意思是\如果没有\。

24．选C。虚拟条件从句虽是指过去，但从其与主句的逻辑关系上分析，主句只能是现在，故选C，从now 一词也可得出这一结论。 25．选B。分析方法同上。

26．选C。otherwise在这是一个虚拟条件从句的替代词，它代替了if he hadn't done his best。

27．选A。从wish后的过去时间状语判断，这应该是一个对过去未能实现事情的一种愿望，故应使用过去完成时。

28．选A。在确定wish后从句的时态时，不要受wish本身时态的影响，它同对从句时态的确定毫无关系。问题的关键是要看wish和从句中的动词的时间先后关系，无论wish本身是何种时态，它与这个动词的时间关系是固定不变的，在变成间接引语时，我们会更能体会到这种关系： He said，\He said that he wished he had been there.

wish的时态变了，可它与后面动词的时间关系并没有变。请参阅本章的语法说明。

29．选A。根据句意，这是一个与现在事实相反的比喻，准确地说，是一个与主句动词同时发生的一个动作，故用一般过去时的were。

30．选D。But for（如果没有）和without都可用于表示条件，并没有时间限制，它们既有If it were not for的意思，也有if it had not been for的意思。但前者只用来表示虚拟条件，而后者用于虚拟和真实均可。C 项表示与现在事实相反，这与主句不能成立。

31．选C。as if后时态的确定同wish一样，也不要受主句时态的影响，对它的分析请见上面第8题及其分析。 32．选C。but引出的内容是一个事实。

33．选B。从句用与过去事实相反的过去完成时才能合句意。 34．选B。从句只能指过去。

35．选A。主句中的now一词已表明是与现在事实相反。

36．选A。从句应理解为与过去事实相反，故用过去完成时，句首的感叹句告诉我们，这是一个当前的情景，所以wouldn't后用进行时较妥。

37．选B。第一句虽用了一个现在时的疑问句，但\打碎\这个动作确是已经发生了。所以主从句都应视为过去事实相反。 38．选D。用与过去事实相反的否定句才合逻辑。

39．选C。从虚拟条件从句及其主句可判断出这是一个过去发生的否定的事实。 40．选D。从句是指过去，而主句是指现在

41. C. 因为在表示“要求”的require, request, ask, demand等动词后的宾语从句的谓语要用“(should+)动词原形”，句中referred to是过去分词短语，作the computer equipment的定语，所以选C。

42. C. 因为在it is surprising后的that从句中，谓语要用“should +动词原形”，其中should含“竟然”之意，不可省略。

43. B. 因为It’s (high /about) time后面的从句的谓语动词通常用过去时态。

44. D. 因为requirement后的表语从句的谓语要用“(should +)动词原形”；material(材料)与heat(加热)是被动关系，用被动语态，所以是be heated。 45. D. 因为wish后的宾语从句中的谓语动词要用过去式，此题的study business是与过去事实相反的情况，所以用had studied business。

46. C. 因为主语是demand时，其后的表语从句的谓语要用“(should +)动词原形”。

47. C. 因为句中otherwise (否则)表示与过去事实相反的情况，所以用would have done。

48. D. 因为介词短语without?表示与现在事实相反的情况，所以用would be。 49. B. 由had not gone可知，条件句是与过去事实相反的情况，而now提示我们，主句是与现在事实相反的情况，所以用would be。

50. D. 因为if only (要是?就要了) 其后的句子要用过去式表示虚拟语气，由as you do可知，是与现在事实相反，所以选knew。

51. A. 因为but for (要不是因为、如果没有) 通常要与虚拟语气连用，由fifteen years ago可知，这是与过去事实相反的情况，所以选would have died。 52. A. 因为would come earlier是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，而后面分句表示的是事实：当时我的确不知道?所以用一般过去时，选A。

A．Which B．As C．That D．It

解析： as 引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在句首，which引导的定语从句不能放在主句的前面；that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。it 可以作形式主语，如果把句子中的逗号改为that，D项也正确。句意为：正像上文提到的那样，高中生的数量在增长。 答案： B

4．(2010?四川卷)After graduating from college，I took some time off to go travelling，________turned out to be a wise decision. A．that B．which C．when D．where

解析： 句意为：大学毕业之后，我休息了一段时间去旅游，结果证明这是一个明智的决定。本题考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知第二个逗号后是一非限制性定语从句，排除A项；定语从句缺主语，排除C、D两项，先行词是逗号前的整个句子，所以B为正确答案。 答案： B

5．(2011?黄冈检测)Beijing was attacked by such a terrible sandstorm ________few residents had ever experienced before. A．as B．which

C．and it was D．that

解析： 考查定语从句。as在此处为关系代词，作experienced 的宾语。 答案： A

1．(2010?重庆卷)In China，the number of cities is increasing ________development is recognized across the world. A．where B．which C．whose D．that

解析： 句意为：在中国，城市的数量在快速地增加，其发展被世界所公认。考查定语从句。先行词为cities，代入定语从句后为：The cities’ development is recognized across the world.由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作定语，故用whose。 答案： C

2．(2010?湖南卷)I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school________I met in the English speech contest last year. A．who B．where C．when D．which

解析： 代入定语从句后为：I met several of the students in the English speech contest last year.由此可见先行词在定语从句中作宾语，先行词指人，故用who/whom/that引导，故答案为A。 答案： A

3．(2010?山东卷)That’s the new machine________parts are too small to be seen.

A．that B．which C．whose D．what

解析： 句意为：那台新机器的部件太小了，以至于都看不见。考查定语从句。

先行词为the new machine，代入定语从句后为：the new machine’s parts are too small to be seen，可以看出the new machine 在定语从句中作定语，故用whose。 答案： C

4．(2010?新课标全国卷Ⅰ)As a child，Jack studied in a village school，________is named after his grandfather. A．which B．where C．what D．that

解析： 句意为：小时候，杰克在一所乡村学校读书，那所学校是以他祖父的名字命名的。本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是a village school，代入定语从句后为：The village school is named after his grandfather.由此可见先行词在定语从句中作主语，且该从句为非限制性定语从句，故用which引导。 答案： A

5．(2010?江西卷)The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister________she would stay for an hour. A．where B．who C．which D．what

解析： 句意为：这个女孩准备在培训中心和她姐姐一起上钢琴课。在那里她将待一小时。本题考查定语从句。先行词为the training centre，从句中缺少地点状语，故选where。 答案： A

6．(2010?全国卷Ⅱ)I refuse to accept the blame for something ________was someone else’s fault. A．who B．that C．as D．what

解析： 句意为：我拒绝接受因为别人的错误而遭受的责备。本题考查定语从句关系词的选择。先行词在从句中作主语，而且为不定代词something，关系词只能用that。 答案： B

7．(2009?江西卷)The house I grew up________has been taken down and replaced by an office building. A．in it B．in

C．in that D．in which 解析： 分析句子结构可知house后面有一个限制性定语从句，而且定语从句的引导词已经省略，那么该引导词一定在定语从句中作宾语，所以此空中要填介词in，且其后不能再有宾语。 答案： B

8．(2009?陕西卷)Gun control is a subject________Americans have argued for a long time.

A．of which B．with which C．about which D．into which 解析： 句意为：枪支的控制是在美国争论了很长时间的一个话题。此题考查“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。先行词为subject，带入定语从句后为：Americans have argued about the subject for a long time.由此可知，先行

词在定语从句中作about的宾语，介词about提前，故用关系代词which。 答案： C

9．(2009?天津卷)A person________e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails. A．who B．whom C．whose D．whoever

解析： 句意为：一个人的电子邮件账户满了，就不能收发任何邮件了。此题考查定语从句。先行词为a person，代入定语从句后为：whose e-mail account is full.由此可见，whose在定语从句中作定语，是形容词性的，修饰名词。who作主语；whom作宾语；whoever连接代词，“无论谁”，用来引导名词性从句或状语从句。 答案： C

10．(2009?全国卷Ⅰ)She brought with her three friends，none of ________I had ever met before. A．them B．who C．whom D．these

解析： 句意为：她带了3个朋友过来，没有一个是我曾经见过的。此题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是her three friends，代入定语从句后为：I had ever met none of her three friends.而介词后指人时用关系代词whom。 答案： C 1．(2009年福建卷)It’s helpful to put children in a situation________they can see themselves differently. A．that B．when C．which D．where 【解析】 句意为：把孩子放在一个能使他们从另外一个角度认识自己的环境中对他们有益。本题考查定语从句，先行词是situation，代入定语从句后为：They can see themselves differently in_the_situation.由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作状语，故用关系副词；而when表“时间”，不合本题要求，只有where符合本题要求。 【答案】 D 2．(2009年山东卷)Whenever I met her，________was fairly often，she greeted me with a sweet smile. A．who B．which C．when D．that 【解析】 此处考查which引导非限制性定语从句。句意为：无论何时我遇见她，她都会一如既往地向我微笑。 【答案】 B

3．(2009年江西卷)The house I grew up________has been taken down and replaced by an office building. A．in it B．in

C．in that D．in which 【解析】 分析句子结构可知house后面有一个限制性定语从句，而且定语从句

的引导词已经省略，那么该引导词一定在定语从句中作宾语，所以此空中要填介词in，且其后不能再有宾语。 【答案】 B

4．(2009年陕西卷)Gun control is a subject________Americans have argued for a long time.

A．of which B．with which C．about which D．into which

【解析】 句意为：枪支的控制是在美国争论了很长时间的一个话题。此题考查“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。先行词为subject，带入定语从句后为：Americans have argued about the subject for a long time.由此可知，先行词在定语从句中作about的宾语，介词about提前，故用关系代词which。 【答案】 C

5．(2009年天津卷)A person________e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails. A．who B．whom C．whose D．whoever

【解析】 句意为：一个人的电子邮件账户满了，就不能收发任何邮件了。此题考查定语从句。先行词为a person，代入定语从句后为：whose e-mail account is full.由此可见，whose在定语从句中作定语，是形容词性的，修饰名词。who作主语；whom作宾语；whoever连接代词，“无论谁”，用来引导名词性从句或状语从句。 【答案】 C

6．(2009年全国卷Ⅰ)She brought with her three friends，none of________I had ever met before. A．them B．who C．whom D．these

【解析】 句意为：她带了3个朋友过来，没有一个是我曾经见过的。此题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是her three friends，代入定语从句后为：I had ever met none of her three friends.而介词后指人时用关系代词whom。 【答案】 C

7．(2009年全国卷Ⅱ)My friend showed me round the town，________was very kind of him.

A．which B．that C．where D．it 【解析】 句意为：我的朋友真不错，他带我绕城转了一圈。本题was缺少主语，排除where；it不能引导定语从句，排除it；that不引导非限制性定语从句，排除that。 【答案】 A

8．(2009年浙江卷)I have reached a point in my life________I am supposed to make decisions of my own. A．which B．where C．how D．why

【解析】 句意为：我已经到了应该自己作决定的那个人生阶段。where引导定语从句修饰先行词point。

【答案】 B

9．(2009年辽宁卷)They’ve won their last three matches，________I find a bit surprising actually. A．that B．when

C．what D．which 【解析】 句意为：他们已经赢得了最后三场比赛，我发现这确实有点令人惊讶。考查定语从句。先行词是前面整个句子，which引导非限制性定语从句，并在定语从句中作find的宾语。 【答案】 D

10．(2009年江苏卷)Because of the financial crisis，days are gone________local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. A．if B．when C．which D．since

【解析】 句意为：由于经济危机，在当地五星级酒店住一个晚上就要6 000元的日子一去不复返了。when local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night作days的定语，关系副词when在定语从句中作时间状语。 【答案】 B

1．(2010年皖南八校第二次联考)Many youth went to the Shanghai Science and Technology Museum on Nov.16,2009，________US President Barack Obama delivered a speech during his four-day state visit. A．which B．in that C．where D．that 【解析】 考查定语从句的用法。where引导的定语从句修饰先行词the Shanghai Science and Technology Museum。 【答案】 C

2．(2010年福建四地六校第三次联考)“You’ll have to wait for two hours，________is，about 11∶30，________the medical report will come out，” the doctor said to me.

A．that；when B．which；that C．that；before D．which；when 【解析】 考查插入语和定语从句的用法。that is是插入语，意思是“也就是”；when引导的是定语从句，修饰前面的时间11∶30。 【答案】 A

3．(2010年福建四地六校第三次联考)I don’t like the way________he often uses to speak to me. A．in which B．how C．which D．what

【解析】 考查定语从句。which引导定语从句，修饰先行词way，而且which在从句中作uses的宾语。 【答案】 C 4．(2009年南京检测)John，________money is no problem，still leads a simple life.

A．for whose B．of whose C．of whom D．for whom

【解析】 考查定语从句。可以把定语从句部分变化成“Money is no problem for John”，这样便不难看出用介词for＋关系代词whom(指代John)来引导定语从句。 【答案】 D

5．(2009年南京检测)Nowadays，when people talk about magicians，the first one________comes into their mind is Liu Qian. A．whom B．which C．that D．what

【解析】 考查定语从句。根据语境可知，空缺处应填一个关系代词且该关系代词在定语从句中充当主语且指人，先行词前有the first修饰，所以选that。 【答案】 C

6．(2009年苏州模拟)He didn’t put the things________they belonged，for________he got his punishment. A．which；that B．what；this C．that；whose D．where；which 【解析】 考查复合句。从句子结构看前半句中的从句是状语从句表示放东西的地方，因此使用where引导；后半句是非限制性定语从句，使用which指代前面整个句子的意思，这是which的典型用法。 【答案】 D 7．(2009年浙江嘉兴二模)All the neighbors admire this family，________the children and parents build up a friendly relationship. A．why B．where C．which D．that

【解析】 考查定语从句。句意为：所有的邻居都羡慕这个家庭，在这个家庭里父母和子女建立了和谐的关系。where在此处相当于in which，引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为this family。 【答案】 B

8．(2009年南通调研)Young people who have got jobs may realize university lessons can’t be the only preparation for all of the situations________appear in the working world. A．where B．when C．that D．what

【解析】 本题考查定语从句。句意为：找到工作的年轻人也许会意识到大学的功课不足以应对工作中的所有情况。先行词是the situation，代入定语从句后为：The situations appear in the working world。 【答案】 C

9．(2009年皖南八校联考)This term the students in our province are studying a new course called Life Guidance，________covers possible real life issues.

A．whose B．which C．that D．what

【解析】 考查定语从句。 which在句中引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Life Guidance。cover覆盖，涉及。 【答案】 B

10．(2009年青岛二模)All________is a continuous supply of the basic

necessities of life.

A．what is needed B．for our needs C．the thing needed D．that is needed

【解析】 考查定语从句。句意为：现在所需要的是基本生活必需品的不断的供应。在该句中，主语部分含有一个定语从句，先行词是all，在主句中作主语，因此要用关系代词that。all that is needed＝what is needed。 【答案】 D

11．(2009年日照二模)As to the unemployment，the government has taken a series of measures in many areas，________，I am sure，will benefit the people out of work. A．which B．that C．what D．where

【解析】 考查非限制性定语从句。which引导的从句修饰前面整个句子，I am sure为插入语。 【答案】 A

12．(2009年淄博检测)The days are gone________we studied together at college，but I can still remember your lovely voice. A．which B．in which C．that D．when

【解析】 考查定语从句。when引导定语从句，修饰先行词the days，在定语从句中充当状语。 【答案】 D

13．(2009年浙江十二校联考)________is often the case with elder people，my grandma talked about my new hairstyle for at least 50 minutes nonstop. A．That B．Which C．As D．It

【解析】 考查定语从句。as此处引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面的内容。as意为“正如”。 【答案】 C

14．(2009年潍坊检测)Safety in school has been of great concern because of frequent reports about accidents________students got injured or killed while in school.

A．in which B．for which C．which D．when

【解析】 该题考查从句。该句中的which是引导词，引导定语从句修饰先行词accidents。句意为“由于学生在学校受伤或死亡的不断报道，学校安全成为一个重要问题”。 【答案】 A

15．(2009年南京调研)Everyone has periods in their lives________everything seems very hard. A．when B．where C．which D．that

【解析】 考查定语从句。关系副词when指代先行词periods，且在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于during which。

【答案】 A

1．(2011?天津十校联考)Patience，without________you can’t do the work well，is a kind of quality. A．that B．it C．which D．what

解析： 句意为：耐心是一种品质。没有了耐心，你不能做好工作。此处考查了定语从句中“介词＋which”的情况，which指代的是先行词patience。 答案： C 2．(2010?江苏南京第一次调研)The owner wanted to charge $5,000 for his car，________I managed to lower to $3,500. A．since B．what C．which D．that

解析： 关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中充当lower 的宾语，而that不能引导非限性定语从句。 答案： C 3．(2011?安徽合肥第一次质检)I still can’t believe my eyes when I remember the scene________the best player should miss the pass. A．that B．which C．where D．how

解析： where 引导定语从句修饰先行词scene，where在从句中作状语。句意为：当我记起当时那个最好的选手没有过关时，我简直不敢相信我的眼睛。 答案： C

4．(2011?北京东城期末目标检测)________was reported in the paper，people in mainland China sent disaster relief materials to help the flooded area in Taiwan Island. A．It B．That C．As D．What

解析： 选择定语从句的引导词的关键是：在主句中找出先行词。该句中定语从句的先行词是后面的整个句子people in mainland China sent disaster relief materials to help the flooded area in Taiwan Island. 答案： C

5．(2011?青岛联合模拟)China’s new food law provides for a food recall system ________producers have to stop production if their food isn’t up to standards.

A．where B．that C．when D．which

解析： 考查定语从句。句意为：中国新的食品法规定了食品召回制度，即如果食品达不到标准，生产者就必须停止生产。先行词为a food recall system，定语从句为producers have to stop production if their food isn’t up to standards(in the food recall system)，故选A。 答案： A

6．(2010?南京第三次模拟)Our teacher urges us to form a good habit of learning，________we think will benefit us in the long term. A．what B．that

C．which D．who

解析： 本题考查定语从句。本题属于非限制性定语从句，从句意可知关系代词指代a good habit of learning，在从句中作主语，因此选择which。 答案： C

7．(2011?福建龙岩检测)Remember that there is still one point________we must make clear at the conference tomorrow. A．where B．why C．when D．that

解析： 考查定语从句。解定语从句题的关键是：在主句中找出先行词，该句的先行词是one point，然后把先行词“代入”从句中，判断其在从句中的“地位”和“作用”，这里先行词在从句中作make clear的宾语，所以用关系代词that/which引导定语从句并在从句中作宾语，据此选D项。 答案： D 8．(2010?4月济南模拟)She’s in a hopeless situation，________we will keep a very close eye on. A．where B．when C．which D．that

解析： 考查定语从句。定语从句的解题关键是：在主句中找出先行词，该句的先行词是a hopeless situation，然后把先行词“代入”从句中，判断其在从句中的“地位”和“作用”，此处关系词在从句中作on的宾语，同时这里又是非限制性定语从句，所以应该用关系代词which，选C项。 答案： C

9．(2010?南京第二次模拟)I admire my English teacher. I can remember very few occasions ________she stopped working because of ill health. A．that B．when C．where D．which

解析： 考查定语从句。根据语意“我记得她很少因生病而停止工作”可知，定语从句引导词在从句中作状语，故用when。 答案： B

10．(2011?海南五校联考)The moment________John will never forget is________Mr Smith gave him a lot of valuable advice on how to improve his writing.

A．that；that B．that；when C．when；that D．when；when 解析： 考查从句引导词。第一空用that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词The moment；第二空用when引导表语从句，并在从句中作时间状语，故答案为B。 答案： B

11．(2010?福建四地六校第三次联考)I don’t like the way________he often uses to speak to me. A．in which B．how C．which D．what

解析： 考查定语从句。which引导定语从句，修饰先行词way，而且which在从句中作uses的宾语。 答案： C

12．(2010?南京检测)John，________money is no problem，still leads a simple life.

A．for whose B．of whose C．of whom D．for whom

解析： 考查定语从句。可以把定语从句部分变化成“Money is no problem for John”，这样便不难看出用介词for＋关系代词whom(指代John)来引导定语从句。 答案： D

13．(2010?苏州模拟)He didn’t put the things________they belonged，for________he got his punishment. A．which；that B．what；this C．that；whose D．where；which 解析： 考查复合句。从句子结构看前半句中的从句是状语从句表示放东西的地方，因此使用where引导；后半句是非限制性定语从句，使用which指代前面整个句子的意思，这是which的典型用法。 答案： D

14．(2010?浙江嘉兴二模)All the neighbors admire this family，________the children and parents build up a friendly relationship. A．why B．where C．which D．that

解析： 考查定语从句。句意为：所有的邻居都羡慕这个家庭，在这个家庭里父母和子女建立了和谐的关系。where在此处相当于in which，引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为this family。 答案： B

15．(2010?日照二模)As to the unemployment，the government has taken a series of measures in many areas，________，I am sure，will benefit the people out of work. A．which B．that C．what D．where 解析： 考查非限制性定语从句。which引导的从句修饰前面整个句子，I am sure为插入语。 答案： A

1. （10安徽32）

Jack described his father, who _______a brave boy many years ago, as a strong–willed man A. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been 答案：D.

考点：本题考查情态动词推测用法。

解析：句意为―杰克把他的父亲描述为一个意志坚强的人，他的父亲多年前肯定很勇敢。‖ 用must have been表示对过去事情的肯定推测。 2.（10湖南23）

You buy a gift, but you can if you want to.

A. must B. mustn't C. have to D. don't have to 答案：D 考点：情态动词

解析：don’t have to 意为―没有必要‖，符合语境，句意为：―你没有必要买礼物，但如果你 想买的话，你也可以买。‖

3. （10江西23） I have told you the truth. ______ I keep repeating it? A Must B Can C May D Will 答案：A

考点：考察情态动词的用法。

解析： must 必须, 一定 can 可以, 能够 may 也许 will 意愿, 倾向性动作, 前半句说我 告诉你事实了, 这里用的是现在完成时, 表示过去的动作对现在造成了影响, 既然我已经 说了, 我还必须重复一遍吗？

4. （10山东25）I_______ have watched that movie —it’ll give me horrible dreams. A. shouldn’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t 答案：A

考点：本题考查情态动词的用法。

解析：句意应为―我本来不应该看那部电影的----它会使我做噩梦的。‖表示―本来不应该 做而做了某事‖用shouldn’t have done, 所以A项正确。 5. （10天津9）

Mark have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early. A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. couldn’t 答案：A.

考点：考查情态动词。

句意：迈克本来不必要那么忙的。这么高速驾驶之后，他早半个小时到达了。

解析：根据后面的语境，提前半个小时到达，说明Mark本来不必那么匆忙，所以用needn’t have done 结构，表示―本来不必要做某事的而实际上做了‖。 6. （10四川3）

— I take the book out? w_w w. k#s5_u.c o*m—I'm afraid not. A. Will B. May C. Must D. Need 答案：B

考点：考查情态动词。

解析：表请求可用情态动词can, may, could, might ,表允许用can, may.

句意为：―我可以将这本书带出去吗？‖―恐怕不行‖。故应选表情请求的情态动词may。正确答案为B。w_w*w.k_s*5_u.c_o m

7. （10全国Ⅰ29）

.Just be patient .You ______ expect the world to change so soon . A. can’t B. needn’t C. may not D. whether 答案：A

句意：耐心一点儿，你不能期望世界变化如此快。

解答：通过选项此题考察情态动词，can't在否定句中可以表示推测，译为不可能，，可以 表示能力，译为不能够，也可以表示命令，不允许，但是语气比mustn't弱，具有劝慰的 意思，根据句意此题中选择A，can't表示劝慰。 8. （10江苏25）

—I haven’t got the reference book yet, but I’ll have a test on the subject next month. —Don’t worry. You______ have it by Friday. A. could B. shall C. must D. may w_ 答案：B，

解析：shall在第二人称中表示允诺，还可以表示强制，命令，威胁，警告。还有在法律条 文中的要求或规定。 9. （?陕西 23）

May I take this book out of the reading room?

No, you . You read it in here. A. mightn’t B. won’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t 答案：D

解析：考查情态动词。英语中用could，might表示询问或征求意见的问句中，肯定性应答 要用can或may来代替could或might，而may或might征求意见的问句否定应答时要用 mustn’t，故本题选D。

10. （10全国Ⅱ17）I’m afraid Mr. Harding _________see you now. He’s busy. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D .needn’t 答案：A

解析：情态动词考查。结合语境，根据情态动词用于疑问或否定推测时，要用can’t。 11. （10湖北79）

It’s said that they have swum to the island from the continent, but they ________（不可能做到） because the ocean in between is too wide. (do) 答案：can’t/ couldn’t have done it 考点：情态动词

解析：当要对过去进行肯定的推测时，要用 ―can’t/couldn’t+have+done‖的结构 12（10辽宁26）

.Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it _______ be regular exercise. A．can B．will C．must D．may 答案：C

句意：医生说锻炼对身体重要，但是必须是有规律的锻炼。

解析：考查情态动词。Can一般表示―可能，或能力‖；will表示―意志‖；may表示―许可， 可能‖；must表示―必须‖。

13. （10北京23） ---Good morning. I've got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department.

--Ah, good morning. You be Mrs. Peters. A. might B. must C. would D. can 答案：B

考点:本题考查情态动词在语境中的运用。

解析：第一个说话人说和史密斯小姐有约，那下面的人就回应说，\那您一定就是Mrs. Peters了\因此排除A,C.D 14. （10浙江17）

―You ____ have a wrong number,‖ she said. ―There’s no one of that name here.‖ A. need B. can C. must D. would 答案：C 考点：情态动词

15. （10上海29）---Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday. ---Oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline. A. must B. mustn't C. should D. shouldn't 答案：C

考点：本题考查的是虚拟语气

解析：此处表示和过去事实相反的情况，应该用should + have + 过去分词。本来应该做，而未做 16. （10安徽26）

Bob would have helped us yesterday, but he-_______

A. was busy B. is busy C. had been busy. D. will be busy 答案：A.

考点：本题考查虚拟语气与时态。

解析：前句表示对过去的虚拟，而but之后表示过去的客观事实，故用一般过去时态。17. （10湖南29） If he my advice, he wouldn't have lost his job.

A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow 答案：C 考点：考查虚拟语气。

解析：根据―wouldn’t have lost‖可判断if引导的状语从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟， 故选C项。 18. （10天津15）

John went to the hospital alone. If he me about it, I would have gone with him. A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told 答案：D.

考点：考查虚拟语气。

句意：约翰独自去了医院。如果他告诉我的话，我会跟他一起去的。

解析：前一句是陈述语气，说明动发生在过去，而且后一句的主句已经是would have gone 说明是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。与之对应的从句结构，应该用had +过去分词。 19（10江苏34）

. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he_______ more on its culture. A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused 答案：选B

解析：would rather后应用虚拟语气，表示与现在时间相反，用动词的过去式 20.（??陕西15）

If we ___ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken 答案：B.

解析：考查虚拟语气。所填词做虚拟语气中条件状语从句的谓语，根据主句的谓语动词 形式might have arrived可知题干是与过去事实相反，故所填部分用had+过去分词形式， 选B。

21. （10湖北76）

Mr. Johnson insisted that the problem worthy of attention ________ (讨论) at the meeting. (discuss) 答案：(should) be discussed 考点：虚拟语气

解析：―insist‖引导的宾语从句要用虚拟，从句结构是 ―should‖（可省略）加动词原形， 主语 ―problem‖ 是要―被讨论‖。 22.（10北京34）

--The weather has been very hot and dry.

--Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables . A. wouldn't die B. didn't die

C. hadn't died D. wouldn't have died 答案：D

考点：本题考查虚拟语气中对过去的虚拟。

解析：第二个说话人的If条件句是我们选择正确答案的关键。要是当时下雨了，现在的 情况就好的多了！我的蔬菜也就不会死了。过去没有下雨，所以我的蔬菜干死了也是发 生在过去。而将句子还原则为If it had rained even a drop, my vegetables wouldn't have died. If+ had done,主句为couldn’t/ shouldn't/ wouldn't have done. 23．（10浙江10）

Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy . A．would have been saved B．had been saved C．will be saved D．was saved 答案： A

考点：本题考查虚拟语气。

解析：根据句子的倒装特征判断此处是省略了if的虚拟语气，原形是：If I had known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy .故选择A。句意为：如果我 早知道这个电脑程序，就可以节省大量的时间和精力了。

2009年高考题 1. (09安徽29)

Some people who don’t like to talk much are not necessarily shy；they just be quiet people. A. must B. may C. should D. would 答案 B 2. (09北京25)

One of the few things you ____ say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather. A. need B. must C. should D. can 答案B

3. (09福建35)

But for the help of my English teacher, I the first prize in the English Writing Competition. A. would not win B. would not have won C. would win D. would have won 答案B

解析 虚拟语气。此处虚拟语气表示与过去事实相反，句子谓语动词用would/should/could/might + have done结构，故选B。 4. (09湖南30)

— It’s the office! So you know eating is not allowed here. — Oh, sorry.

A. must B. will C. may D. need 答案A

解析 句意为：这是办公室！因此你必须知道吃的不允许带到这里。must表示―绝不‖的意思。 5. (09海南25)

What do you mean, there are only ten tickets? There be twelve A. should B. would C. will D. shall 答案 A

解析 你这是什么意思，只有十张票吗?应该有十二人。should表示―应该，应当‖。 6. (09上海27)

It_____ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car. A. may B. can C. must D. should 答案 C 7. (09四川13)

—I don’t care what people think. —Well, you _______

A. could B. would C. should D. might 答案 C

解析 考查情态动词的用法。答话的人提了一个建议——你应该关注别人对你的评价的。should可以用来向别人提建议，所以答案为：C 8. (09天津15)

This printer is of good quality. If it _______ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense. A. would B. should C. could D. might 答案 B 9. (09重庆32)

—Hi, Tom. Any idea where Jane is?

—She_____in the classroom. I saw her there just now.

A. shall be B. should have been C. must be D. might have been 答案C

10. (09全国Ⅱ20)

I can’t leave. She told me that I stay here until she comes back. A. can B. must C. will D. may 答案 B

11. (09江苏28)

He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he it differently. A. could express B. would express C. could have expressed D. must have expressed 答案 C

2008年高考题 1.(08全国Ⅱ17)

Liza well not want to go on the trip—she hates traveling. A.will B.can C.must D.may 答案 D

解析 句意为：Liza极有可能不想去旅行——她讨厌旅行。may well很可能，极有可能，表示猜测。 当表示猜测时，will和can不能与well连用，must只能用于肯定句中。 2.(08北京21)

John promised his doctor he not smoke， and he has never smoked ever since. A.might B.should C.could D.would 答案 D

解析 句意为:约翰答应医生他不再吸烟，从那以后，他再也没有吸过烟。由句意可知空格处表示允诺，故应选 择D项。 3.(08天津6)

C．shouldn’t have said D．couldn’t have said 答案：B

32.（浙江省温州市2010届高三下学期留校联考）

______ it have been the failure to pick up directions from the ground control that caused the air crash? A. Must B. Could C. Would D. Should 答案：B

33.（云南省2010届高三下学期模拟试题） ——Shall we go skating or stay at home? —— Which _____ do yourself?

A．do you rather B．would you rather C．will you rather D．should you rather

答案： B 考查would rather do ．．．．宁愿做……。

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