课堂笔记

Week 1

1 John can be relied on. He eats no fish and plays the game.

忠诚 按游戏规则办事（正直） 2 He measured his length on the floor as soon as he entered the room. 全身摔倒

3 I am never at a loss for a word. Pitt is never at a loss for a word.

4 Ruth was upsetting the other children, so I showed her the door.

5 Mother was in the best room entering four guests. 客厅 招待

Week 2

1 （冠词）Quinine is the medicine for malaria.

奎宁是治疗疟疾的特效药（冠词不是a ）

2 （冠词）All men have a mind which cannot bear to see the suffering of others. 恻隐之心，人皆有之。

3 （名词复数）The examiner’s hands should be warm and dry. 双手

4 （名词复数）When the plants died and decayed, they formed layers of organic materials. 植物死亡腐烂时，就形成了一层又一层的有机物。

5 （ ）The canals are arteries of communication: they are not made to carry pleasure boat but barges. 运河是交通的动脉，开凿运河不是为了游船，而是为了通行货船。 6 （ ） By analysis, we mean analyzing the contradictions in things. 所谓分析，就是分析事物内部的矛盾。

7 （词性转换）He was motivated by a desire to reach a compromise. 他那时的动机就是达成妥协/谋求和解。 8 （词性转换）The next news bulletin, shorter than usual, made no mention of the demonstration. 下一则新闻比平时要短，没有提及示威游行/对示威游行只字不提

9 （词性转换）The day was cloudy, but the sun was trying to come through. 当天多云，不过太阳很快就要破云而出了。 10 （词性转换）The blockade was a success.

封锁是成功的。/ 封锁取得成功/ 这是一次成功的封锁

11 （冠词 词性转换）When he catches a glimpse of a potential antagonist, his instinct is to win him over with charm and humor.

只要一看见有可能反对他的人，他就想用本能的魅力和幽默把他争取过来。 12 He is physically weak but mentally sound. 身体虚弱，心智健全。

13 The film “ Waterloo Bridge” impressed him deeply.

14 Occasionally a drizzle came down; and the intermittent flashes of lightning made us turn apprehensive glances toward horizon.

偶尔下毛毛雨，断断续续的闪电使我们不时忧虑地朝地平线望去。 15 Like cares like.

一物降一物（以毒攻毒）

16 Like charges repel; unlike charges attract. 同性相斥，异性相吸。

17 “Coming” away she skimmed over the lawn, up the path, up the steps, across the veranda, and into the porch. （动词补充） “来啦！”她越过草坪，窜上小路，跨过台阶，穿过走廊，进入门厅。 18 Don’t take it seriously. I’m just making fun of you. (语气词) 别当真嘛。不过是给你开和玩笑罢了/我给你开玩笑呢

19 Seared by a sun more savage than their native land’s, their wounds suppurated and hosts of whining flies fell upon them.

这儿的太阳比他家乡的毒多了，他们的伤口化脓了，招来了一群又一群嗡嗡叫的苍蝇。 20 And soon over the whole surface of the marsh, a great cloud of birds hung screaming and circling in the air.

在沼泽地上空， 很快飞来黑压压的一大群鸟，它们盘旋着，尖叫着。

Week 3 Meaning:

Broad/Narrow Abstract/Concrete Light/Heavy Commendatory/Derogatory (褒贬)

1 It promises to clear up. 看来天要转晴了。

2 This is the last place where I expected to meet you.

没想到居然会在这个地方遇到你。/ 在最不愿意见到你的地方见到你

3 Carter refused any comment on developments in China, saying only “we have watched the situation with great interest.”

卡特拒绝对发生在中国的事件做任何评论，只是说:“我们在密切关注局势的发展。” 4 It must be terribly hard for anyone so young to have so many official responsibilities and also carry on as a wife and a mother.

对一个年轻女人来说，既要身兼多项公职，同时又要做一名贤妻良母，一定是十分困难的。 5 After all preparations were made, the planes were flown across the US to San Francisco

6 Begin worried about new violence in Lebanon. 贝京担心在黎巴嫩会发生新的暴力事件。

7 I ask gentlemen, sir, what means this martial array, if its purpose be not to force us to submission?

请问诸位大人，你们摆出这样一幅张牙舞爪的架势，如果不是为了逼迫我们屈服，那又是为了什么呢？

8 Informed guesswork suggests that it can rise to over 100 million tons next year. 据熟悉内情的人士猜测说，明年产量可望超过一亿吨。

9 Roosevelt professed amusement at the seething fury of educated Boston. 罗斯福称当他看到波士顿知识界人士火冒三丈时非常高兴。

10 The slums offer an ugly contrast to the classical grandeur of official Washington. 贫民窟与金碧辉煌古典的华盛顿官邸形成鲜明对比。

11 The baseball season opens this afternoon and I suspect that most of official Washington are out at the field.

棒球联赛今天下午开赛，我想大多政府官员都去赛场观看了。 12 Every life has its roses and thorns. 生活有苦有甜。

13 See-sawing(跷跷板) between partly good and faintly ominous, the news for the next four weeks was never distinct.

之后的四周里，消息时而有所好转，时而又有点不妙，从来没有明朗化。 14 There is a mixture of the tiger and the ape in his nature. 他本性即残暴又狡诈。

15 They put their heads together and found a solution to the tricky problem. 他们集思广益找到了解决这个棘手问题的方法。 16 I have no opinion of that sort of man. 我对那号人没有好感。

17 My military career had been inglorious.（减轻含义） 我的军旅生涯不足挂齿。

18 Thus, in the Far East, thanks to the Japanese fascist imperialists, there also arose the first seat of war. （褒贬）

在远东由于日本帝国主义作祟，形成了第一个战争策源地。

19 He had lied to me and made me the tool of his wicked deeds. （褒贬） 他对我撒谎，把我变成了他进行罪恶勾当的工具。

20 The two politicians talked for no more than five minutes, at a significant moment in their careers. （褒贬）

这两个政治家谈了仅仅五分钟，这次谈话是在他们政治生涯重大时刻发生的。

21 Once, early in 1974, while driving along the San Diego Freeway from Clemente to Los Angeles, he was asked to reflect on his hopes and ambitions.（褒贬）

1974年初，在他驱车缘圣迭戈公路从克拉门第往洛杉矶的途中，有人请他谈一谈他的理想和报负。

Week 4 Week 5

22 They predicted the youth would have a bright future. 他们预言这个年轻人必将前程似锦。

23 It was mid-August and the subject for discussion was the future of Rommel and his Africa Corps.

当时是八月中旬，他们讨论的是隆美尔及其非洲军团的下场。

24 If there are those who don’t want to vote for me because I am a deeply committed Christian, I believe they should vote for someone else.

如果有人因为我是虔诚的基督徒而不投我的票，那么应该去投其他人的票。

25 He said, “I feel that my existence in this world is completely mine, more than when I was a committed Nazi.” 他说：“我现在完全为我自己而活，这与我还是一名死心塌地的纳粹分子的时候的情况完全不同。”

Style: Colloquial/Literary; Archaic/Neologistic; Technical/Non-technical

Horse/steed/charger/courser/palfrey/nag/plug

马(核心)、steed, charger, courser 书面/ nag, plug 口语

Conflagration/fire [文]/核心词 Begin/commence 一般/正式 Alibi/excuse 正式/一般 Lively/vivacious 一般/正式 Same/identical 一般/正式

简写与全称：Lab/Laboratory; Prof/professor

以－y结尾：granny/daddy/doggy/goosey/brainy/bossy

文学用词：Bliss/happiness; Vale/valley; Babe/baby; Quoth/said; woe/sorrow

古旧用法：thou, thy, thee, thine, ye/ thereon, wherefrom, hereat ; well nigh/almost 新词：watergate/-gate; sit-in/-in; footballer/attention-getter/third-placer/-er; 专业术语：super-; eco-cide/eco-freak

1 Fancy an old, stumpy, short, vulgar and very dirty man, in old clothes and shabby old gaiters, who smokes a horrid pipe, and cooks his own horrid supper in a saucepan. (非正式)

试想一下，这样一个又矮又诉又脏的老头，穿着破旧的衣服，抽个臭烟斗，在锅里做个臭晚饭。

2 “My aunt will be down presently, Mr. Nuttle,” said a very self-possessed young lady of fifteen, “in the meantime you must try to put up with me.” （正式）

“我姑妈马上就下来了，那特先生，” 年仅十五岁的稳重老练的小姑娘说道,“现在恐怕得委屈您一下，由我来招待您。”

3 Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgement and diposition of business.

读书足以怡情，足以傅采，足以长才。 其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其傅采也，最见于高谈阔论之际；其长才也，最见于处世判世之际。

4 The hibernatorial ambitions of Soapy were not of the highest. In them were no considerations of Mediterranean cruses, of soporific Southern skies of drifting in the Vesuvian Bay. 苏贝对冬令蛰居并没有什么奢望。他根本没去考虑过到地中海游弋，也没有想到风光旖旎的南方，更没有想到维苏威海湾去冲浪。

5 Cities all around the Pacific are battening down the batches as El Nino threatens meteorological mayhem.

太平洋沿岸城市正在紧锣密鼓地准备厄尔尼诺现象可能带来的气象灾害。

6 “Now, get busy and call a cop,” said Soapy. “And don’t keep a gentleman waiting.” 去呀，叫警察去呀，别让本大爷/老子久等。

7 My Countess of Crevecoeur, a high-spirited woman…could keep silent no longer “My lord,” she said, “ your passions transport you into language utterly unworthy. The hand of no gentlewomen can be disposed of by force.”

伯爵夫人是个仗义执言的贵妇，此时她再也不能沉默了，“爵爷”，她启禀道，“您在盛怒之下就难免失言了，一个名门闺秀的终身大事，怎好强人所难。”

8 “ My dear Copperfield,” said Mr. Micawber, “ this is luxurious. This is a way of life which reminds me of the period when I was myself in a state of celibacy, and Mrs. Micawber had not yet been solicited to plight her faith at the Hymenneal altar.” “我亲爱的科波菲尔先生”，麦考博说，“这才是奢华啊/ 这可真谓奢华无比啊。这种生活方式使鄙人回想起当年单身孑人，形影相吊，麦考伯太太尚未接受鄙人求婚 共赴神坛誓愿的时日。

Week 6

9 A young lady home from school was explaining” Take an egg,” she said,” and make a perforation in the base and a corresponding one in the apex, then apply the lips to the operture and by forcibly inhaling the breath, the shell is entirely discharged of its contents.” An old lady who was listening exclaimed, “it beat all how folks do things nowadays, when I was a gal, they made a hole in each end and sucked.”

一个放学回家的小女孩正在讲解吸鸡蛋“取一枚鸡蛋， 在顶部凿一小孔， 在顶部凿一相应的小孔， 将嘴置于孔上，使劲吸气， 则壳内之物尽收无遗。”一个正在听他讲解的老妇人叫嚷道，“现在年轻人做事真让人捉摸不透，我做姑娘那会儿/ 的时候，在鸡蛋两端各凿一个小洞，哧溜一吸，就完事了。”

10 The able and diligent staff members in the United Nations, who are there on their own merits, find the parachutist a tiresome drag.

联合国中靠真本事进来的人员认为那些靠关系混进来的人/ 无能之辈 是个极大的累赘。 11 Like other isms of today. Reaganism will join the wasms of tomorrow. 像许多其它的主义一样，里根主义也必将成为过去的主义。

12 Sir Pitt went and expostulated with his sister-in-law the subject of the dismissal of Briggs and other matters of the delicate family interest. 皮特爵士去看弟媳，说到了处分布里格斯的事情和家里其它难以启齿的琐事，着实劝谏了一番。

13 He dare say you must find a great convenience in having a carriage of your own, and appealeth to your lady if it is not so. 他斗胆进言，如今尊家有了自己的车架，想必方便多矣，并恳请尊夫人说说到底是否如此。

Collocation (词序)

1 A smile played on her lips.

她的嘴上露出/ 泛起一丝微笑。

2 When I told him what I had just done and why, his weathered face slowly changed. 当我告诉他我做了什么和为什么做时，他饱经风霜的脸慢慢变了颜色。 3 My working experience in the 20 years teaches that practice makes perfect. 我二十年的工作经验告诉我熟能生巧。

4 Soon administrative measures and words poured out of his office. 不久，他的办公室出台了各种行政措施，发布了各种行政命令。 5 ..but at length down went her head and out came the truth and tears. 但是到最后，她还是垂下头，声泪俱下，道出了实情。

6 His plane developed engine trouble only seven miles after take off. 刚出发7英里，他的飞机便出现了引擎故障。

7 As an early agricultural marketing center, it handled wheat, wool, fruits and wine. 作为早期的农业交易中心，小麦、羊毛、水果和酒在这里交易。 8 He wore dark glasses, thick jersey, and a shining smile. 他戴着墨镜，穿着厚毛衣，面带灿烂的微笑。

9 Faced with the realities of Washington politics the President is now busy tackling the issues in the fields of defense and diplomacy, the federal bureaucracy and the differences among top officials.

面对华盛顿的政治事实，眼下总统正忙于处理防务，打击官僚主义，消除高层分歧的事务。

10 He caught a trout and a bad cold.

他捞到一条鳟鱼，却落下了一场重感冒。

11 At noon Mrs. Turpin would get out of bed and humors(心情) but on Kimono, airs and water to boil for coffee.

中午，特宾夫人起床了，心情不好/ 不爽，她穿上和服，摆起架子，烧水煮咖啡。 Or 夫人总是一觉睡到中午，起床后总是心绪不佳??

12 Mr. Canfield …was alternately cudgeling his brains and his donkey. 康菲尔德先生，时而冥思苦想，时而敲打着他的驴。一边??一边?

13 He took offence, a poke at his wife, his hat, his leave and a vacation of severed years before returning.

他受到冒犯/ 一气之下，打了妻子一拳，取了帽子，离家出走，几年未归。 14 They waged war and peace. 他们发动战争，（却）促进了和平。

15 He is a jovial giant, with a huge appetite for food, drink and women. 他天性好享乐，身材魁梧，好吃，好酒，又好色/ 贪吃，贪杯又贪色 16 He was not mean in friendship nor in ambition. 他重友谊，有抱负/ 交游甚广，志向远大

17 Miss Bolo rose from the table considerately agitated, and want straight home, in a flood of tears and sedan chair.

波罗小姐相当气愤地从座位上起身，泪如泉涌，坐上轿子，径直回家去了。

18 There was an urgent need for him to become, at least in appearance, a good Republican. 他迫切地需要成为至少表面上看来地道的共和党人。

19 He once again imparted to us his great knowledge, experience and wisdom.

他又一次向我们展现了他渊博的知识，丰富的经验和过人的智慧。/ 我们再一次领略了他??

20 It is very necessary for you to have a sound sleep. 你真得美美地睡一觉。

21 Franklin Roosevelt listened with bright-eyed, smiling attention. 罗斯福双目炯炯，面带微笑，聚精会神地听着。

22 Are not these woods more free from peril than the envious court? 难道这些片林子不比充满猜忌的朝廷更安全吗。

23 Darrow had whispered throwing a reassuring arm round my shoulder as we were waiting for the count to open.

当我们等待开庭时，Darrow将一条胳膊放在我肩上，对我低声耳语，叫我不必担心。 24 This new tendency has raised many a conservative eyebrow.

这个新趋势使许多保守派人士皱起眉头。/ 引起很多保守人士的非议 25 A broken but still living bee was feebly emerging from the sound.

一只身体残破却还活着的蜜蜂挣扎着有气无力地从沙子里爬了出来。

26 He also concluded that insight into prehistoric culture should ideally proceed from knowledge of living cultures.

他还总结说，要想洞悉史前文化的奥妙，必须从了解当下文化入手，这是最理想的方法。

Week 7 Word Order: Invertd/Non-Inverted

Pre-modifier/Post-Modifier(2)

1 Happy are those who are content. 知足常乐。

2 All magnets(磁铁) behave the same, be they large or small 所有磁铁不论大小，性质相同。

3 No sooner does an election end than a battle begins over interpreting the results. 大选一结束,人们就争相对结果进行分析评论。

4 In the doorway lay at least twelve umbrellas of all sizes and colors. 在门口放着一堆大小不一，颜色各异的伞，少说有十二把。 5 There are friends and friends. 朋友有好有坏。

6 So serious are the Saudis defense problems that the F-15’s will hardly buy the country more than a couple of days of breathing time if it should be attacked by any enemy.

尤为严峻的是沙特的防务问题，如果遭受攻击，即便是F15战斗机，也无法为其赢得几天的喘息时间。

7 Gone is the hope that the Stars and Stripes could have a 51st star--if Puerto Rico’s pro-US (亲美的) governor did win reelection.

如果波多黎各亲美的总督赢得连任，美国星条旗上很可能会再添一星，不过这希望破灭了。 8 Thus arose the two great divisions of this science, known as inorganic(无机的) chemistry and organic chemistry.

于是就产生了这门学科的两大分支：无机化学和有机化学。 9 Still odder is the numbering system of the computer uses. 更为奇特的是计算机应用中的记数系统。

10 They observed in the possession of the natives two figures, carved out wood, resembling sea-lion. （宾语补足语提前）

他们发现当地人拥有两尊形似海狮的木刻雕像。 11 Money I have none, my life, at your disposal(处置). 要钱没有，要命一条。

12 It is wrong for her to beat the child. (形式主语) 她打孩子是不对的。

13 I find it interesting to talk with him. （形式宾语） 我发现与他交谈很有趣。

14 Fire and water have no mercy. 水火无情。

15 Heal the wounded, rescue the dying, practise revolutionary humanitarianism. 救死扶伤，实行革命的人道主义。

16 weak and strong 强弱/ joy and sorrow悲欢/ ups and downs沉浮/ hot and cold冷热/ bride and bridegroom新郎新娘/ north, south, east and west东西南北/ food, clothing, shelter and transportation衣食住行

* 修饰语后置的情况 （英） 1) some-/no-/aniy-/each-/every-

2) –able/-ible: the best method imaginable, the only person reliable 3) a-: the house afire, the boat afloat

4) adv: the room upstairs, the way home

5) p.p.: the department concerned , the heat produced

6) habitual: sum total, court martial, secretary general(总书记,秘书长), poet laureate, cctv international

（修饰语的顺序）

17 a small, round, wooden table一张木质小圆桌/ a powerful, industrial, socialist country一个社会主义工业化强国/ a new international economic order国际经济新秩序/ a dirty British book; a British dirty book. 一本弄脏了的英国书/ 一本英国的黄书 18 The pain is a deep visceral（内脏的） discomfort. 这种疼痛是内脏的不适。

19 He wrote an article on the ancient Chinese history. 他写了一篇关于中国古代史的文章。

20 All competent university scientists should be supported to do work of their own choice. 应该支持大学里所有有能力的科学家从事他们自己选择的工作 21 This is a large modern coal-burning electric power plant. 这是一座现代化的大型火力发电厂

22 a never-do-well son/ a good –for-nothing man. 成事不足，败事有余的儿子/ 一个一无是处的男人

23 Most efforts to control corrosion involves coating the metal with an inactive substance. 防锈的一般做法是在金属的表面镀上一层惰性物质。

24 Water is a substance essential to life, and comes next to oxygen in importance. 水是生命必不可少的一种物质，其重要性仅次于氧气。

25 Asia Minor is a large peninsula in West Asia, between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean. 小亚细亚是西亚的一座很大的半岛，位于黑海和地中海之间。

26 He has put forward a solution to the problem at once economical and practical.(at once…and = both and)

他想出了一个既经济又实用的解决这个问题的办法。 27 Neutron has no charge, either positive or negative. 中子既不带正电也不带负电。

28 All nations, big or small, are equal in this world. 世界上所有国家，无论大小，都是平等的。 29 It is a swindle, pure and simple.

这简直就是一个骗局。/ 这是个彻头彻尾的骗局。（pure and simple 纯粹）

30 The vibrating frequency of the quartz crystal in the electronic watch is counted by the circuits to make the hour, minute and second.

电子表中石英晶体的振动频率是通过电路技术确定时、分、秒的。

31 Many scientists hold that man’s social practice alone is the criterion of the truth of his knowledge of the external world. 许多科学家认为：“只有人的社会实践，才是检验其对外部世界认识是否真实的标准。” 32 Many people believe, however, that our progress depends on two different aspects of science. 但是许多人认为，我们的进步取决于科学的两个方面。

33 It was partly as a result of those economies that many of our important new projects in other fields become possible. （形式主语，从后往前翻）

我们在其它领域的许多重要的新项目成为可能，部分原因是我们采取了节约的措施。

(状语修饰语)

34 In transmitting antennas（发射天线） it is best to have the natural wavelength slightly above the desirable wavelength.

在发射天线，最好是固有波长略大于理想波长。

35 Modern science and technology are developing rapidly. 现代科学技术正快速发展。

36 We can tap a watershed indefinitely so long as we do not disturb the ecological balance. 只要我们不破坏汲水区的生态，我们就能无限期地利用该区的水资源。 37 The ancients tried unsuccessfully to explain how a rainbow is formed.. 古人试图解释彩虹是怎样形成的，但是没有成功。 38 Law enforcement cannot responsibly stand aloof. 司法部门如果不闻不问，那就是不负责任。

39 Currently 1 percent of the population owns 70 percent of the privately owned assets. 目前，该国百分之一的人口占有百分之70的私有财产。

40 Still the government is blessed by popular support for in nuclear proramme. 该国的核计划依然受到公众的支持。 41 He battled at full speed from the start. 他一开始就全力以赴。

42 The phosphorus(磷) burns vigorously in the air at once. 磷立即在空气中剧烈燃烧起来。（多重状语，汉语语序与英语相反）

43 At the same time, most probably, critical manpower shortages would still exist in the United States in many skilled occupational fields in addition to managerial incompetence. （五个状语修饰语）

与此同时，在美国的许多技术工种中，除了管理经营的无能外，劳动力严重不足的问题很可能仍将存在下去。

44 For some, especially state universities, institutional autonomy and academic freedom should be strengthened by federal and state support in lieu of their domination in order to ensure quality education.

为了保证教育质量，联邦政府和州政府，应该进一步支持国内的一些大学，尤其是州立大学的机构自治和学术自由，而不是加以限制。

45 In two recent visits to the United States, Jamaica’s prime minister, in response to the World Bank’s repeated urges, suggested the message to US policy makers for the good of both countries, particularly in the matter of bilateral monetary affairs. 为了回应世界银行的再三敦促，同时也是为了雅美两国尤其是双边经贸事务，牙买加总理在最近的两次访问中，对美国政策制定者传达了这一信息。

Week 8 Theme: Subject/Theme; Impersonal/Personal

（英语主语突出，中文主题突出；英语偏物称，中文偏人称） e.g. Modesty becomes youth. 年轻人应该谦虚。

1 Dawn met him well along the way, It was a pleasant uneventful(平静无事的) ride. （物称变人称）

黎明时分，他早已走了一大段路。这是一次平静而愉快的旅行。

2 The 18th century witnessed the first true English dictionary by Dr. Samuel Johnson. 十八世纪见证了由Dr. 编纂的第一部真正意义上的英语词典的诞生。/ Dr. 于十八世纪编纂了第一部真正意义上的词典。

3 Something inside me seemed to stop momentarily. 我似乎一下子楞住了。

4 It never occurred to him that he was under any obligation to do so. 他从未意识到他有义务这么做。

5 The perspective in which this journey must be placed goes back to Bandung. （我们）要正确理解这次旅行的意义，还需回到万隆会议。 6 The little chap’s good-natured honest face won his way for him. 小伙子长相老实，看上去脾气也好，因此到处受人欢迎。

7 To worry about the presidency as an institution(总统制) belies the special historical situation of the Watergate scandals.

水门丑闻不过是一个特殊的历史事件，所以我们用不着担心总统制。

8 Whether it was the heart which dictated this system of complaisance and humility adopted by our Rebecca, is to be proved by her after history.

丽贝卡采取了一个新策略，做人又和顺又谦恭，究竟是不是出于真心，只要看她之后的所作所为，就知道了。

9 Shortage of suitable land in the urban areas has made it necessary to build most new public housing in the suburbs.

由于市区缺少土地，人们只好将大部分的公共住宅建在郊区。

10 Simplicity of language demands, in the first place, that the texts should be colloquial rather than literary; that they should be written in short sentences, not in long and complicated clauses. 为了使语言简洁，首先应当使用口语体而非书面体，其次用短句而非长句复句。

Week 9 Structure : Complex/Simplex; Long/Short

Examples:

1. The loads a structure is subjected to are divided into dead loads, which include the weights of all the parts of the structure, and the live loads, which are due to the weights of people, movable equipment, etc.

一个结构所承受的负担分为静载和动载，静载是全体的重量，动载是移动中的重量。

2. As we lived near the road, we often had the traveler or stranger visit us to taste our gooseberry wine, for which we had great reputation, and I profess, with the veracity of an historian, that I never knew one of them to find fault with it. 我们当时就住在马路边，过路人或外地人经常到我们家品尝我们家的醋栗酒，这种酒声名远扬。我敢像一个历史学家一样保证说，尝过的人从来没挑剔过这东西。

3. While the present century was in its teens, and on one sunshining morning in June, there drove up to the great iron gate of Miss Pinkerton’s academy for young ladies, on Chiswich Mall, a large family coach, with two fat horses in blazing harness, driven by a fat coachman in a three-cornered

hat and wig, at the rate of four miles an hour. 那时候这个世纪才刚刚过去十几年，六月的一个早上阳光明媚，一辆宽敞的私人马车驶到位于西思维的品克顿女子学校的大铁门前，很大的一个马车队，两匹肥壮的马，同样肥壮的车夫，戴着假发和三角帽，以每小时四英里的速度前进。

4. The problem of possible genetic damage to human population from radiation exposures, including those resulting from the fallout from testing of atomic weapons, has quite properly claimed much popular attention in recent years.

核辐射，其中包括核试验产生的尘埃，很可能会给人类基因造成损伤，这一问题近年来已经理所当然地引起了人们的广泛关注。

5. Those who believe in capital punishment may have arguments for its retention, but surely no reasonable argument can be found for retention of the sickening mumbo-jumbo that accompanies it from the moment that the judge dons the black cap with what looks like a pen-wiper balanced on the top of his wig, to the reading of the burial service over the condemned man before he is dead. 赞成死刑的人，也许能找到保留死刑的种种理由，但是肯定找不到一条正当理由来保留那种装腔作势的仪式。仪式中宣判死刑的法官头戴假发，假发上一顶黑色的帽子，帽子上看起来有一块抹布一样的东西，从他戴上那顶帽子开始，到宣判犯人的死刑，整个过程简直令人作呕。

Week 10 Sentence Order: Non-chronological / Chronological; Effect-cause / Cause-effect

Examples:

1. He had flown in just the day before from Georgia where he had spent his vacation asking in the Caucasian sun after the completion of the construction job he had been engaged in the south.

他原本在南方忙于完成一项建筑工程，完工以后，就从格鲁吉亚到高加索度假去了，前几天才回来。

2. There are several reasons why he no longer appears to be magician the world press had made him out to be, an illusion which he failed to discourage because, as he would admit himself, he has a tendency toward megalomania.

世界各国新闻界曾把他描述成一个魔术师，这是一个假像，但他并没有阻止人们去制造这一假像，正如他自己所说，他有一种自大狂的倾向。

3. No longer are “ separate but equal” schools regarded as being permitted under the “ equal protection of the law” provision of the 14th Amendment to the Constitution. 根据美国宪法第十四条修正案里关于受法律平等保护的条款，所谓隔离而平等的学校，如今已不再合法。

4. Such is human nature in the West that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white collar worker.

西方许多人为了成为白领工人，常常不惜放弃高薪，这是人性使然。

5. A justification beyond dispute follows that planned obsolescence and its resultant throw-away mentality ought to be done away with.

用过就扔的消费心理应当摒弃，这是合情合理，勿庸置疑的。

6. So it was that the farm poor were caught in their won past, the double victims of technology: exile from their home by advances in agricultural machinery; unfitted for life in the city because of the consequences of industrial mechanization.

贫苦农民由于机械化进程被逐出家园，又因为工业机械化的结果，在城市中无法立足，于是

成为了技术进步的双重牺牲品，重新陷入昔日的困境之中。

Week 11 Connection: Hypotactic/Paratactic

1. If winter comes, can spring be far behind? 冬天来了，春天还会远吗？

2. That is our policy and that is our declaration. 那就是我们的政策，那就是我们的宣言。

3. When the door of her room had closed on her he remembered that he had no even touched her hand.

她的房门关上了她才想起来，他甚至连她的手都没有碰。

4. It is flattering to believe that they are too profound to be expressed so clearly that all who run may read, and very naturally it does not occur to such writers that the fault is with their own minds which have not the faculty of precise reflection.

认为自己思想深奥而难以表达是一种自以为是的想法，而这些人自然想不到问题不出在别人身上，而是他们自己的脑子缺乏精确思考的能力。

5. While all our plans were still in the blue-print stage, our competitors got the jump on us. 我们的计划还在酝酿之中，对手就已经抢先了一步。

6. And with this, and a profound bow to his patrons, the Manager retires, and the curtain rises. 领班的说到这里，向观众深深鞠躬，然后退到后台，幕起。

7. In most instances the mixed function oxidase system(氧化酶系统) works to benefit people because it rids the body of many unwanted compounds.

多数情况下氧化酶系统都是有益的，因为它可以去除人体多余的化合物。 (科技文体，保留连接词)

8. Despite precautions, 20 minutes after beginning to traverse the bottom, the huge sled smashed into the rocky sea floor. 尽管采取了预防措施，但是在海底穿越二十分钟后，那个巨大的雪撬状的装置还是撞在了岩石遍布的海床上。

Week 11 State: Static/Dynamic

1. He is a good eater and a good sleeper. 他吃得好，睡得香。/ 能吃能睡

2. …but this very formulation is indicative of the underlying attitude. 正是这一说法本身就已表明他的根本态度。

3. Back and forth his head swiveled, desire maxing, resolution waning. 他来回晃动着脑袋，欲望在膨胀，意志在萎缩。

4. A woman with fair opportunities, and without an absolute hump may marry WHOM SHE LIKES.

一个女人只要不是长得太驼背，遇到好机会，想嫁给谁，就可以嫁给谁。 5. Newspaper articles are inspired about the President’s very good health. 有人授意报纸发表文章，称总统健康状况良好。 6. Each time out was a continuation, not a repetition. 每一次出去都是延续，而不是重复。

7. The real shocker was that things dragged on well beyond the two weeks I had anticipated. 真正让我们震惊的是，事情竟然拖了两周以上, 远远超出我们预料。

8. The abuse of basic human rights in their own country in violation of the agreement reached at Helsinki earned them the condemnation of freedom-loving people everywhere. 他们在自己国家里侵犯人权，违反了在赫尔辛基签订的协议，遭到世界各地热爱自由的人们的强烈谴责。

9. Ford’s first pledge was, “Mr. President, you have my support and my loyalty.” 福特一开始就保证说：“总统先生，我支持您并效忠于您。”

10. Harvard, despite its own estimate of itself, was ultimately an academic haven where an error of interpretation could result only in loss of face, not in extinction.

哈福大学尽管自命不凡，终究不过是个高等学府，在那里把问题搞错了，无非是丢脸而已，总不至于丢掉性命。

Week 12 Tense and Aspect

1. It was the province of geoscientists alone. It is a source of growing interest for chemists and zoologists as well.

在过去这只是地球学家们的研究领域，如今已经成为了化学家和动物学家们越来越感兴趣的领域。

2. Historically the three main functions of a library have been to collect, preserve and retrieve information.

从历史的角度看，自古至今图书馆的功能一直是收集，保存和检索情报。

3. Scientists thought that regular orbits of such faint particles were practically nonexistent. The idea has now been rejected by facts.

科学家原以为如此微小的粒子实际上不存在规则轨道，这一想法现在已经被事实否定。 4. Tiflin must be saying something right when he points out that the focus is man’s adaptation to the environment.

T曾指出，关键是人对环境的适应能力，他这么说一定是有道理的。

5. It was never intended by Nature, Hitler claims, that all races should be equal, any more than individuals are equal.

希特勒曾宣称，上帝从不认为所有的种族族应平等，正如每个人不平等一样。

6. It is a drastic way of teaching what we have somehow learnt so smoothly that we are scarcely conscious of the lesson or of our need of it. Yet there was need.

这是用一种极端的方法来使我们懂得，那些我们学得太顺当以致我们没有意识到那是学习或是有学习的必要。

7. He is being polite these days.

这些天他装出一副彬彬有礼的样子。

8. I wish she would be a bit more cheerful; she is always complaining of her aches and pains. 但愿她现在能快活一些，她这人老说这疼那疼的。

9. They are liking whatever they think is new. When artificial eyelids are go-go, they rush to switch on.

凡是新鲜的玩艺，他们就会喜欢。假睫毛流行的时候，她们趋之若鹜，人眼一副。 10. I was, and remain, grateful for the part he played in my release.

我的释放全仰仗他的帮忙，对此我过去很感激，现在仍然很感激。

11. The old man said, “They say his father was a fisherman. Maybe he was as poor as we are.” 老头说，据说她的父亲过去是个打渔的，也许他过去和我们现在一样穷。 12. He is timid, nervous before crowds.

他胆子小，大庭广众之下总是感到紧张。

Week 13 Active and Passive Voice

1. My composition was eaten by the dog. 我的作文让狗吃了。

2. It was proved wrong to say things like that. 那样说（被）证明是错误的。

3. The whole country was armed in a few days. 整个国家几天之内就（被）武装起来了。 4. All objects are made to expand by heat. 物体受热膨胀。

5. To explore the moon’s surface, rockets were launched again and again. 为了探索月球表面，人们一次又一次地发射火箭。

6. Best surface finish is provided by machining method, especially by grinding. 最佳表面光洁度可以通过机械加工的方法获得，尤其是打磨的方法。 7. Why should all the unpleasant jobs be pushed onto me? 为什么把这些麻烦事都推给我呢？

8. The students have been answered all the questions. 学生们的所有问题都得到了解答。

9. Account should be taken of the low melting point of this substance. 应该考虑此物质熔点低的特点。 10. He has been wedded to translation. 他与翻译结下不解之缘。

11. Most trees are denuded of leaves in winter. 冬天大多数的树都会落叶。 12. She was delivered of a boy. 她生了一个男孩。

13. Such a chance was denied me. 我没有得到这样一个好机会。

14.Language is shaped and shapes human thought. 人的思维创造语言，语言又反过来影响人的思维。

15. He appeared on the stage and was warmly applauded by the audience. 他出现在舞台上，观众报以热烈的掌声。 16. The energy of motion is called kinetic energy. 运动能量称为动能。

17. The high voltage section of the power supply is solid encapsulated. 电源的高压部分是固体密封的。

18, Such books were written for children.. 这些书是写给孩子们的。

19. You are wanted on the phone. 有人给你打电话。

20. Not a sound was heard.

一点声音都听不见。/ 听不到一点声音。

21. Fortunately, a fisherman picked him up.(用被动语态避免产生歧义：到底谁幸运) 幸运的是，他被渔夫救了起来。

Week 14 Affirmation and Negation

1. Wet paint! 油漆未干！

2. Haste makes waste. 欲速则不达。

3. The first bombs missed the target. 第一批炸弹没有命中目标。

4. The significance of these incidents wasn’t lost on us. 这些事件引起了我们的高度重视。

5. The works were left intact, the money gone. 艺术品原封未动，钱却不翼而飞。

6. But that’s very extraordinary. It seems against nature. 似乎有悖常理。

7. He went into the insecure building. 他走进了危楼。

8. The islanders found themselves far from ready to fight the war. 岛民发现他们还远没有做好战争准备。 9. She was 75, but she carried her years lightly. 她已经75了，但并不显老。

10. He was an indecisive sort of person and always capricious. 他是一个优柔寡断而且反复无常的人。 11. She said idly, “Well, what does it matter?” 她懒散地说：“哼，这又有什么关系呢？” 12. “ Don’t stop working,” he said. 继续工作。

13. The mother gently disengaged her hand from that of her sleeping baby. 母亲小心翼翼地把手从熟睡的宝宝身下抽出来。

14. Unless it goes hand in hand with science, democracy will have no future. 民主只有与科学携手共进才会有未来。

15. As I approve of a youth that has something of the old man in him, so I am no less pleased with and old man that has something of the youth. He that follows this rule may be old in body, but can never be so in mind.

我欣赏有老年成熟分度的青年, 也同样欣赏有青春活力的老年人。这样的老者只有身体变老，心却永远年轻。

16.We are caught in war, wanting peace. We are torn by division, wanting unity. We see around us empty lives, wanting fulfillment. We see tasks that need doing, wanting for hands to do them.

我们陷入战争，没有和平；我们四分五裂，没有团结；我们看到很多工作，却没有人去做。 17. It is a wise man who has no faults. 人非圣贤，孰能无过。

18. It is a long lane that has no end.

路再长，也有尽头。

19. You may leave at once for all I care. 你尽可以离开，我才不在乎。

20. you cannot be too careful in proofreading. 校对时越仔细越好。

21.Both the instruments are not precision ones. 这两种仪器不都是精密仪器。

22. The engine didn’t stop because the fuel was finished. 引擎不是因为燃料耗尽而停止运转。

23. If the world were good nothing else, it is a fine subject for speculation. 如果这个世界至少有个好处，可供人们机关算尽。

24. God save the fools, and don’t let them run out, for if it weren’t for them, wise men couldn’t get a living.

愿上帝保佑那些傻瓜们，别让他们绝种。没有他们，聪明人就没法生存了。

25. Half our mistakes in life arise from feeling where we ought to think, and thinking where we ought to feel.

人生的大半错误在于，该动脑子时动感情，该动感情时却动脑子。

26. Isn’t it enough that you should lose your faith without making me lose mine? 你自己没信心还不够，还要叫我六神无主吗？ 27. If ever I heard the like! 我从没听过这样的事！

28. As if you were an outsider!

别拿自己当外人。/ 你就别装局外人！

Week 15 Comparison And Multiplication

1. They were asked to strive for lower birth rate. 已经要求他们努力降低出生率。

2. A smoother tongue and lighter manner would have been better suited to the situation. 话说得婉转一些，态度表现的温和一些，那情形可能就会大不一样。 3. The properties of steel are better than those of pig iron. 钢的性能要比生铁好。

4. Fever is usually most pronounced at the onset and may be accompanied by a shaking chill. 病发时，他通常会出现高烧，而且还可能伴有寒颤。 5. There won’t be a warmer place than home. 家是最温暖的地方。

6. In no area of medicine is accurate diagnosis more important, or, in many instances more difficult.

在医学领域，准确诊断是最重要的，或者在许多情况下是最重要的。 7. When one exercise, his heart beats faster. 人运动时，心跳加速。

8. More often than not they looked at other people’s shortcoming through a magnifying glass while looking at their own merits with a microscope.

他们常常拿放大镜看别人的缺点，拿显微镜看自己的有点。

9. The greater part of the substance of the limbs is composed of muscles. 肢体的绝大多数物质都是由肌肉构成的。 10. He is more of a poet than a scholar. 与其说他是诗人，不如说他是学者。

11. She did not so much as cast a glance at him. 她对他不屑一顾。

12. The discovery is nothing less than a breakthrough. 这发现绝对是一个突破。 13. Her portrait flatters her. 她的画像比她本人漂亮。

14. She survived her husband for ten years. 她比她丈夫多活了十年。 15. This is the life for me. 这就是我最想要的生活。

16. I found it at the very bottom of the box. 我在箱子最底层找到了它。

17. I’m sorry that you missed the cream of the film. 很遗憾你错过了影片最精彩的部分。

倍数（关键看是time, fold 还是 percent, 前两者含基数，percent 不含） 18. Force N1 is 2.5 times greater than Force N2. 力N1是N2的3.5倍。

19. This substance reacts 2.5 times as fast as the other. 这种物质的反应速度是那种物质的2.5倍。

20. The drain voltage has been increased by a factor of 4. 漏电电压增加到原来的四倍。

21. There is at least 2-fold increase in bandwidth and carrier power. 带宽和载波功率至少增加到原来的两倍。

22. Population has increased by 200% in the past 25 years.（不含基数） 人口在过去的２５年里增长了2倍

23. This steel board is twice thinner than the iron board. 钢板只有铁板的一半厚。

24. The principal advantage of the new machine over the old one is 4-fold reduction in weight. 与旧机器相比，新机器的优点是重量减轻了３/4。

25. Compared with conventional design, the volume of gases handled and cleaned would be much less, about 3 to 4 times less.

与常规设计相比，新设计所处理和净化废气要少得多，大约少了2/3到3/4。

Week 16 Idioms

1. golden age 黄金时代

2. eye for eye, tooth for tooth 以眼还眼，以牙还牙 3. armed to the teeth 武装到牙齿/全副武装 4. shed crocodile tears 假慈悲/猫哭耗子/虚情假意 5. new wine in old bottles 旧瓶装新酒

6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38.

still water runs deep 静水流深 fish in troubled water 浑水摸鱼 fan the flames 煽风点火

constant dripping wears the stone 水滴石穿 walls have ears 隔墙有耳

man proposes, god disposes谋事在人，成事在天 go through fire and water 赴汤蹈火 harp on the same string 老调重弹 castle in the air 空中楼阁 cudgel one’s brains 绞尽脑汁 call white black 颠倒黑白

give him an inch and he will take an ell 得寸进尺 as thin as rake 骨瘦如柴

at the end of one’s rope 穷途末路 a black sheep 害群之马

great minds think alike 英雄所见略同 the die is cast 木已成舟

kick down the ladder 过河拆桥

he cries wine and sells vinegar 挂羊头卖狗肉

he who lies down with dogs must rise up with fleas 近朱者赤，近墨者黑 the spirit is willing but the flesh is weak 心有余而余力不足 rain cats and dogs 瓢泼大雨/大雨如注

money makes the mare go 有钱能使鬼推磨 two heads are better than one 两人智慧胜一人 to hold a candle to the devil 为虎作伥 cast sheep’s eyes 含情脉脉/暗送秋波 eat crow 忍辱负重

call a spade a spade 直言不讳 a royal road 康庄大道 a green old age 老当益壮 in a nutshell 总之/一言以蔽之

the game is not worth the candle 得不偿失 hit the nail on the head 切中要害

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