2007-2012年全国职称英语理工A真题及答案

2012年职称英语 理工A真题及答案

希望大家取得好的成绩

一、词汇选项：

1. We almost ran into a Rolls-Royce that pulled out in front of us without signaling. A. overtook B. hit C. passed D. found

2. He shifted his position a little, in order to alleviate the pain in his leg. A. control B. ease C. experience D. suffer

3. Our aim was to update the health service, and we succeeded. A. offer B. provide C. fund D. modernize

4. Every week the magazine presents the profile of a well-known sports personality. A. description B. success C. evidence D. plan 5. All the flats in the building had the same layout. A. color B. size C. function D. arrangement

6. Newborn babies can discriminate between a man’s and a woman’s voice. A. treat B. express C. distinguish D. analyze

7. The weather was crisp and clear and you could see the mountains fifty miles away. A. hot B. heavy C. fresh D. windy

8. Nothing would induce me to vote for him again. A. teach B. help C. attract D. discourage

9. When I heard the noise in the next room, I couldn’t resist have a peep. A. chance B. look C. visit D. try

10. Her comments about men are utterly ridiculous. A. slightly B. partly C. faintly D. completely

11. He was weary of the constant battle between them. A. fond B. proud C. tired D. afraid

12. She moves from one exotic location to another. A. unusual B. familiar C. similar D. proper 13. He has been granted asylum in France. A. protection B. power C. relief D. license 14. The photographs evoked memories of our A. stored B. blocked C. erased D. refreshed 15. The walls are made of hollow concrete blocks. A. empty B. big C. long D. new 二、阅读判断

Europa’s watery underworld

Europa, one of Jupiter’s 63 known moons, looks bright and icy on the surface. But appearances can be deceiving: Miles within its cracked, frigid shell, Europa probably hides giant pools of liquid water. Where scientists find liquid water, they hope to find life as well.

Since we can’t go diving into Europa’s depths just yet, scientists instead have to investigate the moon’s surface for clues to what lies beneath. In a new study, scientists investigated one group of strange ice patterns on Europa and concluded that the formations mark the top of an underground pool that holds as much water as the U.S. Great Lakes.

Pictures of Europa, which is slightly smaller than Earth’s moon, clearly show a tangled, icy mishmash of lines and cracks known as “chaos terrains.” These chaotic places cover more than half of Europa. For more than 10 years, scientists have

wondered what causes the formations. The new study suggests that they arise from the mixing of vast underground stores of liquid water with icy material near the surface.

For scientists who suspect that Europa also may be hiding life beneath its icy surface, the news about the new lake is exciting. “It would be great if these lakes harbored life,” Britney Schmidt, a planetary scientist who worked on the study, told Science News. “But even if they didn’t, they say that Europa is doing something interesting and active right now.”

Schmidt, a scientist at the University of Texas at Austin, and her colleagues wanted to know how chaos terrains form. Since they couldn’t rocket to Europa to see for themselves, they searched for similar formations here on Earth. They studied collapsed ice shelves in Antarctica and icy caps on volcanoes in Iceland. Those features on Earth formed when liquid water mixed with ice. The scientists now suspect something similar might be happening on Europa: that as water and ice of different temperatures mingle and shift, the surface fractures. This would explain the jumbled ice sculptures.

“Fracturing catastrophically disrupts the ice in the same way that it causes ice shelves to collapse on Earth,” Schmidt told Science News. She and her team found that the process could be causing chaos terrains to form quickly on Europa.

The new study suggests that on this moon, elements such as oxygen from the surface blend with the deep bodies of water. That mixture may create an environment that supports life.

16. The liquid water of an underground pool of Europa is estimated xxxxx of the US Great lakes. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention

17. The strange ice patterns on Europa are formed as a result of a xxxxx underground water pool. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention

18. Europa is the most recently discovered one among Jupiter’s A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention

19. The size of Europa is a bit larger than that of Earth’s moon. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention

20. Schmidt and her colleagues are the first group of scientists xxxxx Europa. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention

21. The formations on Europa’s surface are rather unique in the A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention

22. The existence of liquid water is a necessity for a life-support A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention 三、概括大意与完成句子

Learn about Noble Gases(惰性气体)

1 Have you ever ridden on a balloon? Many tourist spots offer balloon rides in order for people to see the beauty of a place from above. A balloon contains a noble gas called helium(氦). Formerly, balloons contained hydrogen but hydrogen is very flammable and dangerous when uncontrolled. Therefore, people shifted to helium, which is safer. Helium is safe because it has the properties of the noble gases.

2 People once believed that noble gases couldn’t chemically react at all. For this reason, they were called inert gases(惰性气体). They were also listed under Group 0 in the old periodic table because scientists believed that the gases have zero

valence(价) electrons in their outer shell. This was later proven to be untrue when some noble gas compounds were discovered. 3 The gases are elements, which share similar properties. These properties include being monoatomic, colorless, odorless, being able to conduct electricity, and having low chemical reactivity. Noble gases include Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon and Radon. These are all found in Group 18, in the rightmost column of the periodic table. If you look at the periodic table, you will notice that these elements are the only ones, which do not have a charge. Helium has the lowest molecular(分子的) weight while Radon is the heaviest.

4 Remember that chemical reactions occur because atoms have valence electrons, which are electrons in their outer shell. When the outer shell is “unfilled” or the required number of electrons is not yet complete, the atom is more reactive. Noble gases have a full outer shell, meaning that they have complete electrons in their outer shell. This complete number varies. For instance, the outer shell of Helium has 2 valence electrons while the outer shell of Xenon has 8 electrons. Nowadays, there remains to be a few noble gases because of the low chemical reactivity of these said gases.

A. what is the periodic table?B. What are noble gases?C. What causes the low chemical reactivity of noble gases? D. How were noble gases discovered?E. How were noble gases understood in the past?F. what are the applications of noble gases?

5 because of their properties, noble gases have many important applications. They are widely used in medicine and industries. For instance, liquid Helium is used for superconducting magnets(磁体). These magnets are very important in physics and

medicine. When a doctor suspects that a person’s brain has been damaged, he might request for Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI). MRI allows the doctor to “see” the brain, without operating on the patient. 23. paragraph 2__ E ___ 24. paragraph 3__ B____ 25. paragraph 4___C____ 26. paragraph 5___F_____

27. Noble gases are not very chemically A

28. Among the elements of noble gases Helium is the B

29. The required number of electrons in noble gases’ outer shell is D 30. MRI may make operating on the patient F

A. reactive B. lightestC. important D. complete E. flammableF. unnecessary 二、阅读判断

Europa’s watery underworld

Europa, one of Jupiter’s 63 known moons, looks bright and icy on the surface. But appearances can be deceiving: Miles within its cracked, frigid shell, Europa probably hides giant pools of liquid water. Where scientists find liquid water, they hope to find life as well.

Since we can’t go diving into Europa’s depths just yet, scientists instead have to investigate the moon’s surface for clues to what lies beneath. In a new study, scientists investigated one group of strange ice patterns on Europa and concluded that the formations mark the top of an underground pool that holds as much water as the U.S. Great Lakes.

Pictures of Europa, which is slightly smaller than Earth’s moon, clearly show a tangled, icy mishmash of lines and cracks known as “chaos terrains.” These chaotic places cover more than half of Europa. For more than 10 years, scientists have

wondered what causes the formations. The new study suggests that they arise from the mixing of vast underground stores of liquid water with icy material near the surface.

For scientists who suspect that Europa also may be hiding life beneath its icy surface, the news about the new lake is exciting.

“It would be great if these lakes harbored life,” Britney Schmidt, a planetary scientist who worked on the study, told Science News. “But even if they didn’t, they say that Europa is doing something interesting and active right now.”

Schmidt, a scientist at the University of Texas at Austin, and her colleagues wanted to know how chaos terrains form. Since they couldn’t rocket to Europa to see for themselves, they searched for similar formations here on Earth. They studied collapsed ice shelves in Antarctica and icy caps on volcanoes in Iceland. Those features on Earth formed when liquid water mixed with ice. The scientists now suspect something similar might be happening on Europa: that as water and ice of different temperatures mingle and shift, the surface fractures. This would explain the jumbled ice sculptures.

“Fracturing catastrophically disrupts the ice in the same way that it causes ice shelves to collapse on Earth,” Schmidt told Science News. She and her team found that the process could be causing chaos terrains to form quickly on Europa.

The new study suggests that on this moon, elements such as oxygen from the surface blend with the deep bodies of water. That mixture may create an environment that supports life.

16. The liquid water of an underground pool of Europa is estimated xxxxx of the US Great lakes. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention

17. The strange ice patterns on Europa are formed as a result of a xxxxx underground water pool. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention

18. Europa is the most recently discovered one among Jupiter’s A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention

19. The size of Europa is a bit larger than that of Earth’s moon. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention

20. Schmidt and her colleagues are the first group of scientists xxxxx Europa. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention

21. The formations on Europa’s surface are rather unique in the A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention

22. The existence of liquid water is a necessity for a life-support A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention 三、概括大意与完成句子

Learn about Noble Gases(惰性气体)

1 Have you ever ridden on a balloon? Many tourist spots offer balloon rides in order for people to see the beauty of a place from above. A balloon contains a noble gas called helium(氦). Formerly, balloons contained hydrogen but hydrogen is very flammable and dangerous when uncontrolled. Therefore, people shifted to helium, which is safer. Helium is safe because it has the properties of the noble gases.

2 People once believed that noble gases couldn’t chemically react at all. For this reason, they were called inert gases(惰性气体). They were also listed under Group 0 in the old periodic table because scientists believed that the gases have zero

valence(价) electrons in their outer shell. This was later proven to be untrue when some noble gas compounds were discovered. 3 The gases are elements, which share similar properties. These properties include being monoatomic, colorless, odorless, being able to conduct electricity, and having low chemical reactivity. Noble gases include Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon and Radon. These are all found in Group 18, in the rightmost column of the periodic table. If you look at the periodic table, you will notice that these elements are the only ones, which do not have a charge. Helium has the lowest molecular(分子的) weight while Radon is the heaviest.

4 Remember that chemical reactions occur because atoms have valence electrons, which are electrons in their outer shell. When the outer shell is “unfilled” or the required number of electrons is not yet complete, the atom is more reactive. Noble gases have a full outer shell, meaning that they have complete electrons in their outer shell. This complete number varies. For instance, the outer shell of Helium has 2 valence electrons while the outer shell of Xenon has 8 electrons. Nowadays, there remains to be a few noble gases because of the low chemical reactivity of these said gases.

A. what is the periodic table?B. What are noble gases?C. What causes the low chemical reactivity of noble gases? D. How were noble gases discovered?E. How were noble gases understood in the past?F. what are the applications of noble gases?

5 because of their properties, noble gases have many important applications. They are widely used in medicine and industries. For instance, liquid Helium is used for superconducting magnets(磁体). These magnets are very important in physics and medicine. When a doctor suspects that a person’s brain has been damaged, he might request for Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI). MRI allows the doctor to “see” the brain, without operating on the patient. 23. paragraph 2__ E ___ 24. paragraph 3__ B____ 25. paragraph 4___C____ 26. paragraph 5___F_____

27. Noble gases are not very chemically A

28. Among the elements of noble gases Helium is the B

29. The required number of electrons in noble gases’ outer shell is D 30. MRI may make operating on the patient F

A. reactive B. lightestC. important D. complete E. flammableF. unnecessary 第三篇 Small But Wise

On December 14, NASA1 blasted a small but mighty telescope into space. The telescope is called WISE and is about as wide around as a trashcan. Don't let its small size fool you: WISE has a powerful digital camera, and it will be taking pictures of some the wildest objects2 in the known universe, including asteroids, faint stars, blazing galaxies3 and giant clouds of dust where planets and stars are born.

“I'm very excited because we're going to be seeing parts of the universe that we haven't seen before, ” said Ned Wright, a scientist who directs the WISE project.

Since arriving in space, the WISE telescope has been circling the Earth, held by gravity in a polar orbit4( this means it crosses close to the north and south poles with each lap5). Its camera is pointed outward, away from the Earth, and WISE will snap a picture of a different part of the sky every 11 minutes. After six months it will have taken pictures across the entire sky. The pictures taken by WISE won't be like everyday digital photographs, however. WISE stands for “Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer. ” As its name suggests, the WISE camera takes pictures of features that give off infrared radiation6.

Radiation is energy that travels as a wave. Visible light, including the familiar spectrum of light7 that becomes visible in a rainbow, is an example of radiation. When an ordinary digital camera takes a picture of a tree, for example, it receives the waves

of visible light that are reflected off the tree. When these waves enter the camera through the lens, they're processed by the camera, which then puts the image together.

Waves of infrared radiation are longer than waves of visible light, so ordinary digital cameras don't see them, and neither do the eyes of human beings. Although invisible to the eye, longer infrared radiation can be detected as warmth by the skin.

That's a key idea to why WISE will be able to see things other telescopes can't. Not everything in the universe shows up in visible light. Asteroids, for example, are giant rocks that float through space — but they absorb most of the light that reaches them. They don't reflect light, so they're difficult to see. But they do give off infrared radiation, so an infrared telescope like WISE will be able to produce images of them. During its mission WISE will take pictures of hundreds of thousands of asteroids.

Brown dwarfs8 are another kind of deep-space object that will show up in WISE's pictures. These objects are “failed” stars — which means they are not massive enough to jump start9 the same kind of reactions that power stars such as the sun. Instead, brown dwarfs simply shrink and cool down. They're so dim that they're almost impossible to see with visible light, but in the infrared spectrum they glow.

41. What is so special about WISE? A It is as small as a trashcan.

B It is small in size but carries a large camera.

C Its digital camera can help astronomers to see the unknown space. D Never before has a telescope carried a digital camera in space. 42. The camera on WISE

A is equipped with expensive computers.

B produces images of objects giving off infrared radiation. C reflects light visible to the human eyes. D is similar to an ordinary digital camera. 43. It is true that infrared radiation. A is not detectable to humans. B looks brighter than visible light.

C is visible light reflected off an object.

D has longer waves than those of visible light.

44. Which of the following statements about asteroids is NOT ture? A The WISE telescope can catch and take pictures of them. B They do not reflect light that reaches them.

C They float through space giving off visible light. D They are invisible to ordinary cameras.

45. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that brown dwarfs. A give off infrared radiation. B are power stars like the sun. C become massive and active

D are invisible to the WISE telescope. 五、补全短文

The Mysteries of Nazca

In the desert of Peru, 300 kilometers from Lima, one of the most unusual artworks in the world has mystified (迷惑) people for decades. ______F____ (46) But from high above, these marks are huge images of birds, fish, seashells, all beautifully carved into the earth.

The Nazca lines are so difficult to see from the ground that they weren’t discovered until the 1930s, when pilots spotted them while flying over the area. In all, there are about 70 different human and animal figures on the plain, along with 900 triangles, circles, and lines.

Researchers have figured out that the lines are at least 1,500 years old, but their purpose is still a mystery. _____D

_______(47) However, it would probably be very tricky to xxxxx and a spaceship in the middle of pictures of dogs and monkeys.

In the 1940s, an American explorer named Paul Kosok suggested that the drawings are a chronicle (记录) of the movement of the stars and planets.______C____ (48) xxxxx an astronomer tested his theory with a computer, but he couldn’t find any relation between the lines and movements in space.

Another explanation is that the lines may have been made for religious reasons. xxxxx researcher Tony Morrison

investigated the customs of people in the Andes xxxxx and learned that they sometimes pray by the side of the road. It’s possible that xxxxx, the lines of Nazca were created for a similar purpose._______B___ (49) But xxxxx people have never constructed anything this big.

Recently, two other scientists, David Johnson and Steve Mabee, have speculated xxxxx lines could have been related to

water. Nazca is one of the driest places in the xxxxx receives only 2cm of rain every year. While Johnson was searching for xxxxx water sources in the area, he noticed that some waterways built ancient xxxxx were connected with the lines. Johnson believes that the Nazca lines are a giant xxxxx underground water in the area.______ E__ (50) A.. Scholars differ in interpreting the purpose of the designs.

B. The largest picture may have been the sites for special ceremonies. C. He called Nazca “the largest astronomy book in the world”

D. A Swiss writer named Erich von Daniken wrote that the Nazca lines were designed as a landing place for UFOs. E. Other scientists are now searching for evidence to prove this. F. Seen from the ground, it looks like lines scratched into the earth. 六、完型填空

Solar Power without Solar Cells

A dramatic and surprising magnetic effect of light discovered by University of Michigan1researchers could lead to solar power without traditional semiconductor-based solar cells.

The researchers found a way to make an “optical 51 ,” said Stephen Rand, a professor in the departments of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Physics and Applied Physics.

Light has electric and magnetic 52 . Until now, scientists thought the effect of the magnetic field were so weak that they could be 53 . What Rand and his colleagues found is that at the right intensity, when light is traveling through a material that does not 54 electricity, the light field can generate magnetic effects that are 100 million times stronger than previously expected. Under these circumstances, the magnetic effects develop strength 55 to a strong electric effect.

“This could lead to a new kind of solar cell without semiconductors and without absorption to produce charge separation, ” Rand said. “In solar cells, the 56 goes into a material, gets absorbed and creates heat. Here, we expect to have a very low heat load2. Instead of the light being absorbed, energy is stored in the magnetic moment3. Intense magnetization can be induced by intense light and then it is ultimately capable of providing a capacitive power 57 What makes this possible is a previously undetected brand of “optical rectification,” says William Fisher, a doctoral student in applied physics. In traditional optical rectification, light's electric field causes a charge separation, or a pulling 58 of the positive and negative charges in a material. This sets up a voltage, similar to 59 in a battery.

Rand and Fisher found that under the right circumstances and in right types of materials, the light's magnetic field can also create optical rectification. The light must be shone through a 60 that does not conduct electricity, such as glass. And it must be focused to an intensity of 10 million watts per square centimeter8. Sunlight isn't this 61 on its own, but new materials are being sought that would work at lower intensities, Fisher said.

“In our most recent paper, we show that incoherent light9 like sunlight is theoretically almost 62 effective in producing charge separation as laser light is,” Fisher said.

This new 63 could make solar power cheaper, the researchers say. They predict that with improved materials they could achieve 10 percent efficiency in converting solar power to useable energy. That's equivalent to today's commercial-grade solar cells.

“To manufacture modem solar cells, you have to do 64 semiconductor processing,” Fisher said. “All we would need are lenses to focus the light and a fiber to guide it. Glass works for 65 .It's already made in bulk, and it doesn't require as much processing. Transparent ceramics might be even better. ” 51. A. disc B. fiber C. instrument D. battery

52. A. applications B. components C. resources D. differences 53. A. concerned B. ignored C. expected D. noticed

54. A. conduct B. produce C. use D. consume 55. A. reactive B. preferable C. due D. equivalent 56. A. light B. electricity C. chemical D. gas 57. A. plant B. source C. equipment D. line 58. A. up B. down C. apart D. together 59. A. this B. those C. that D. these

60. A. material B. device C. detector D. meter 61. A. bright B. faint C. visible D. intense 62. A. more B. as C. much D. such

63. A. skill B. technology C. miracle D. prototype

64. A. extensive B. interactive C. selective D. intensive 65. A. all B. some C. others D. both BBDAD CCCBD CAADA ABCBB BA

2011年职称英语考试理工类A级真题及答案

一、词汇选项

1. For some obscure reason, the simple game is becoming very popular. A. unclear B. obvious C. major D. minor

2. The sea turtle’s natural habit at has been considerably reduced. A greatly B suddenly C generally D slightly

3.I got a note from Moira urging me to get in touch. A instructing B notifying C pushing D inviting

4.It is possible to approach the problem in a different way. A raise B pose C experience D handle

5.The decision to invade provoked storms of protest。 A ignored B organized C caused D received

6.Jane said that she couldn’t tolerate the long hours. A spend B take C last D stand

7. At 80,Peck was still vigorous and living in Paris. A energetic Bhappy C alone D busy

8.Forester stared at his car，trembling with rage. A shaking B turning C jumping Dshouting

9.A young man is being hailed a hero tonight after rescuing two children. A reported B proved Cpraised D caught

10.I wanted to ask her out but was scared that she might refuse. A anxious B sure C sad D afraid

11.At that time, we did not fully grasp the significance of what had happened. A give B attach C lose D understand

12.Anderson left the table，remarking that he had some work to do . A doubting B saying C thinking D knowing

13.He asserted that nuclear power was a safe and non-polluting energy source. A maintained B recommended C considered D acknowledged

14.The study also notes a steady decline in the number of college students taking science courses. A relative B general C continuous D sharp

15.She always finds fault with everything,

A criticizes B simplifies C evaluates D examines

答案：

1、unclear--- obscure.模糊不清晰的

2、greatly – considerably， greatly 意思为adv. 相当地;非常地

3、push-- urge催促某人做某事http://www.studyez.com/ push推;促进;逼迫 4、handle—approach 解决问题

5、caused ----provoke: 激怒.惹起.驱使，造成 6、stand= tolerate 忍受、 承受

7、energetic---vigorous 精力充沛的 有活力的 8、shake – tremble 颤抖 颤动

9、praised ---hail: 招呼.致敬.万岁.向...欢呼 10、afraid---- scared 害怕.恐惧 11、understand--- grasp 理解，明白

12、saying--- remarking 说话，说出http://www.studyez.com/ 13、maintain – assert 主张、声称、断言 14、continuous – steady . 稳定的

15、criticizes--- finds fault with 挑错，批评

二、阅读判断 Earth Rocks on

16. The ground beneath our feet is indeed still.---Wrong

17. The shape of lands and oceans are slowly changed with the movements of plates.---Right 18. Earth cooled down shortly after it was formed.---Not Mentioned

19. Scientists once estimated that Earth’s crust started shifting three billion years ago.---Wrong 20. It took a long time for the melted crust to become hard. ---Righthttp://www.studyez.com/ 21. The formation of the Isua supracrustal belt is thought to have started about 3.8 billion years ago. ---Right 22. The Isua supracrustal belt is now a popular holiday resort. ---Not Mentioned 三、概括大意与完成句子 The IPad

The IPad is a tablet computer（平板电脑）designed and developed by Apple. It is particularly marketed as a platform for audio and visual media such as books, periodicals（期刊）, movies, music, and games, as well as web content. At about 1.5 pounds （680 grams）, its size and weight are between those of most contemporary smartphones and laptop computers. Apple released the IPad in April 2010, and sold 3 million of the devices in 80 years.http://www.studyez.com/

The IPad runs the same operating system as IPod Touch and IPhone. It can run its own applications as well as ones developed for IPhone. Without modification, it will only run programs approved by Apple and distributed via its online store.

Like IPhone and iPod Touch, the IPad is controlled by a multitouch display—a break from most previous tablet computers, which uses a pressure-triggered stylus（触控笔）. The IPad uses a Wi-Fi data connection to browse（浏览）the Internet, load and stream media, and install software. Some models also have a 3G wireless data connection which can connect to GSM 3G data networks. The devices is managed and synchronized（同步）by ITunes on a personal computer via USB cable.

An IPad has different features and applications one can use to execute different and interesting things. There are lots of IPad applications that the owner can use to enhance the way they communicate. Some of these are how to use social networking sites and other online options. One of the most common uses is for e-mail services. IPand applications like Markdown Mail allow the adoption of specific and particular options. They enable the owner to personalize their email accounts.http://www.studyez.com/

While the IPad is mostly used by consumers it also has been taken up by business users. Some companies are adopting IPads in their business offices by distributing or making available IPads to employees. Examples of uses in the workplace include lawyers responding to clients, medical professionals accessing health records during patient exams, and managers approving employee requests. A survey by Frost & Sullivan shows that IPad usage in workplaces is linked to the goals of increased employees productivity, reduced paperwork, and increased revenue.

16、 Paragraph 2---B 17、 Paragraph 3---F 18、 Paragraph 4---D 19、 Paragraph 5---E

A. Differences from IPhone

B. Operating systemhttp://www.studyez.com/ C. Online stores

D. Features and applications E. Business usage

F. Display and data connection

20、 In April 2010 the IPad developed by Apple was .---B

21、 The IPad will only run programs approved by Apple if not .---C

22、 IPad applications enable the owner’s email accounts to be .---Fhttp://www.studyez.com/ 23、 IPad usage in offices enables employee productivity to be .---D

A. increased B. released C. modified D. distributed E. browsed

F. personalized 四、阅读理解

第一篇 Calculating Crime

题干：Which of the following statements about math is true?http://www.studyez.com/ 答案：Few people associate it with finding criminals.

题干：People tend to think there is a relationship between

答案：the location of a crime and the residence of the criminal.

题干：O’Leary includes all the following information in writing his program EXCEPT 答案：the locations of police bureaus.http://www.studyez.com/ 题干：O’Leary’s program is different from other similar software in that 答案：it uses more math.

题干：It can be inferred from the last paragraph that O’Leary 答案：will further use math in studying crimes and criminals.

第二篇 Some People Do Not Taste Salt like Others（理工类教材阅读理解部分第四十五篇） 题干：John Hayes pointed out thathttp://www.studyez.com/ 答案：many people make efforts to accept low-salt food. 题干：The fourth paragraph briefly describes

答案：how the subjects were selected and what they were asked to do. 题干：It is true that

答案：supertasters like snack foods more as they contain higher levels of saltiness. 题干：Supertasters prefer high-salt cheese because 答案：it tastes less bitter.http://www.studyez.com/

题干：It can be inferred from the last paragraph that taste acuity is 答案：genetically determined.

第三篇 Cell Phones: Hang Up or Keep Talking?

Millions of people are using cell phones today. In many places it is actually considered unusual not to use one. In many countries, cell phones are very popular with young people. They find that the phones are more than a means of communication—having a mobile phone shows that they are cool and connected.

The explosions around the world in mobile phone use make some health professionals worried. Some doctors are concerned that in the future many people may suffer health problems from the use of mobile phones. In England, these has been a serious debates about this issue. Mobile phone companies are worried about the negative publicity of such ideas. They say that there is no proof that mobile phones are bad for your health.http://www.studyez.com/

On the other hand, why do some medical studies show changes in the brain cells of some people who use mobile phones? Signs of change in the tissues of the brain and head can be detected with modern scanning（扫描）equipment. In one case, a traveling salesman had to retire at a young age because of serious memory loss. He couldn’t remember even simple tasks. He would often forget the name of his own son. This man used to talk on his mobile phone for about six hours a day, every day of his working week, for a couple of years. His family doctor blamed his mobile phone use, but his employer’s doctor didn’t agree.

What is it that make mobile phones potentially harmful? The answer is radiation. High-tech machines can detect very small amount of radiation from mobile phones. Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation, but they say the amount is too small to worry about.

As the discussion about their safety continues, it appears that it’s best to use mobile phones less often. Use your regular phone if you want to talk for a long time. Use your mobile phone only when you really need it. Mobile phones can be very useful and convenient, especially in emergencies. In the future, mobile phones may have a warning label that says they are bad for your health. So for now, it’s wise not to use your mobile phone too often.

题干：People buy cell phones for the following reasons EXCEPT that 答案：they're cheap.http://www.studyez.com/

题干：The word “detected” in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by 答案：discovered.

题干：The salesman retired young because 答案：he couldn’t remember simple tasks.

题干：On the safety issue of mobile phones, the manufacturing company

Do you feel sad?Happy?Frustrated?Insouciant?Exonerated?Infuriated?Do you think that the way you display these emotions is unique?Well，think again．Even the expression of the most personal feelings CaB be divided into groups，classified，and perhaps，taught．This week sees the publication of Mind Reading，an interactive DVD-rom displaying every possible human emotion．It demonstrates 412 distinct ways in which we feel：the first visual dictionary of the human heart．

The attempt to classify the human heart began with Darwin．His The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals，published in 1872，divided the emotions into six types-anger，fear，sadness， disgust，surprise and enjoyment．________(46)．

Every other feeling，of which there may be thousands，was thought to derive from this six-strong group．More complex expressions of emotion were likely to be learned and therefore more specific to each culture．An incredulous or indignant Pacific islander might not be able to show an Essex girl exactly how she felt．

But now it is believed that，whereas gestures do not cross cultural boundaries well，many more facial expressions than Darwin's half-dozen are shared worldwide．___________(47)．The Mind Reading is a systematic record of each of these expressions being acted out．

The project was conceived by Professor Simon Baron-Cohen of the autism research centre in Cambridge as an aid for people with autism，who have difficulty both reading and expressing emotion．But it quickly became apparent that it had broader uses．Novelists，actors and portrait painters all need to draw upon a wide range of emotional expression，and teachers could use it for classes in personal and social development．

Baron-Cohen's team first had to decide what counted as an emotion．________(48)．Using thisdefinition，1，512 emotion terms were identified and put to a panel who had to decide if each repre． sented a separate emotion，or if they were synonyms．That list was whittled down to 412，arranged in24 groups．from\．

Once the emotions were classified．a DVD seemed the most efficient way to display them．In Mind Reading，each expressions is acted out-six times，by six different actors-in three seconds．

_______(49)．The explanation for this is simple：we may find it difficult to describe emotions using words，but we instantly recognize one when we see it on someone's face．\actors had got it right，\，who directed the DVD．

BUt though we find it difficult to describe many emotions，we instantly recognize one when we see one．\，there was a split second when it was absolutely there．It was really clear when they'd got it，\，who directed the DVD． \the actors were given some direction，they were not told which facial muscle they should move．\added__________(50)For example，when someone feels contempt，you can't say for certain that their eyebrows always go down．

Someone who has tried to establish such rules is the American Professor Paul Ekman．who has built a database of how the face moves for every emotion．The face can make 43 distinct muscle movements called%units\．These can be combined into more than 10．000 visible facial shapes．Ekman has written out a paper of facial muscular movements to represent each emotion． A．We thought of trying to describe each emotion but it would have been almost impossible tomake clear rules for this

B．These particular muscles aye difficult to control，and few people can do it．

C．Research has also been done to find out which areas of the brain read the emotional expressions．

D．They decided that it was a mental state that could be preceded by\sounds\．

E．He said that the expression of theses feelings aye universal and recognizable by anyone，from any culture．

F．Any other method of showing all the 412 emotions，such as words，would have been far less efiective．

第6部分：完形填空(第51～65题，每题1分，共15分)

下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。 Obtaining Drinking Water from Air Humidity

Not a plant to be seen，the desert ground is too dry．But the air contains water，and research scientists have found a_________(51)of obtaining drinking water from air humidity．The system isbased completely on renewable energy and is therefore autonomous．

Cracks permeate the dried-out desert ground and the landscape bears testimony to the lack of water．But even here，where there are no lakes，rivers or groundwater，considerable quantities of water are stored in the air．In the Negev desert in Israel，for example，annual average relative air hu-midity is 64 percent-in every cubic meter of air there aye 11．5 milliliters of water．

German research scientists have found a way of converting this air humidity autonomously intodrinkable water．\process we have developed is based exclusively on renewable energy sources_______(52)thermal solar collectors and photovoltaic ceils，_________(53)makes this methodcompletely energy-autonomous．It will_______(54)function in regions where there is no electricalinfrastructure．\，head of the research team．The principle of the_______ (55)is as follows：hygroscopic brine-saline solution which absorbs moistureruns down a tower-shapedunit and absorbs water from the air．It is then sucked_________(56)a tank a few meters off the ground in which a vacuum prevails．Energy from solar collectors_________(57)up the brine，whichis diluted by the water it has________(58).

Because of the vacuum，the boiling point of the liquid is lower thaa it would be under_____ (59)atmospheric pressure．This effect is known from the mountains：as the atmospheric pressure there is lower than in the valley，water boils at temperatures distinctly below 100~C．The evaporated， non-saline water is condensed and runs down through a completely filled tube in a controlled manner．The gravity of this water column_________(60)produces the vacuum and so a vacuum pump is not needed.The reconcentrated brine________(61)down the tower surface again to absorb moisture from the air．

\．Single-person units and plants supplying water to entire hotels are conceivable，\．Prototypes have been built for______

(63)system components-air moisture absorption and vacuum evaporation-and the research scientistshave Mready________(64)their interplay on a laboratory scale．In a further________(65)the researchers intend to develop a demonstration facility． 51．A．road B．channel C．way D．path

52．A．in spite of B．because of C．as a result of D．such as 53．A．who B．where C．when D．which

54．A．meanwhile B．therefore C．however D．still 55．A．prospect B．process C．progress D．product 56．A．from B．at C．above D．into

57．A．keeps B．brings C．breaks D．heats

58．A．attracted B．affected C．allowed D．absorbed 59．A．normal B．different C．easy D．available

60．A．continuously B．suddenly C．typically D．seriously 61．A．takes B．puts C．flies D．runs

62．A．users B．designers C．owner D．workers 63．A．both B．every C．same D．either

64．A．repaired B．cancelled C．tested D．copied 65．A．instrument B．step C．case D．ground

2010年全国职称英语理工类（A级）考试参考答案

第l部分：词汇选项

1． A [解析]我不能忍受邻居的噪音，那快让我疯了。put up with：忍受；和A．tolerate意思相近，例如：The school cannot tolerate cheating on exams．学校无法容忍考试作弊现象。

B．generate产生。C．reduce：减少，缩小；例如：They have to reduce expenses this year．他们今年必须削减开支。D．measure：测量，估计；例如：We cannot measure a man by his failures．我们不能以失败来衡量一个人。

2． D [解析]社会工作者对独居老人的定期访问很有价值。immense：巨大的，较好的；A．equal：平等的，用法为be equal to；B．immediate：立即的，直接的；例如：He demanded' immediate payment．他要求立即付款。C．moderate：适度的，中等的；例如：It is a large house，but the garden is of moderate size．那是一栋大房子，可是花园却只有一般的大小。D．great：巨大的，符合题意，例如：He achieved great success in his career．他的事业取得了巨大的成功。

3． B [解析]他对自己没有完成学业的原因相当糊涂。vague：含糊的，不明确的，它和B．unclear意思相同，例如：It was still unclear what the cause of the aircrash was．那起空难的原因还不清楚。A．bright：聪明的，光明的；例如：We enjoyed the bright sunshine．我们享受明媚的阳光。C．general：一般的，大体的；例如：the general trend of development发展的大趋势。D．bad：糟糕的，坏的；You have to correct your bad habits radically．你必须彻底地改正自己的坏习惯。

4． D[解析]我想给我的孩子们提供良好的教育。decent：相当好的，体面的；更多的用法有：decent income可观的收入；decent meal像样的饭；decent cloth体面的服装；D．good和它意思相同。A．special：特别的；This is a special occasion．这是一个特殊的场合。B．ptovate：私人的，隐私的；例如：Fans are always CUrious about the singer's private life。歌迷总对歌星的私人生活感兴趣。C．general：普遍的 ；如：the general public普通大众。 5． B 【解析]陡峭的楼梯对老年人特别危险。hazard和B．danger意思相同，表示危险的：A．picture：图片，图画。How do you like his picture?你喜欢他的图画吗?C．evidence：证据，迹象；例如：There is no evidence that there will be an earthquake there．没有迹象表明那个地区会发生地震。D．case：情况；如：Is that the case?是这样的情况吗?

6． D[解析]我们的安排被弄得一团糟。turmoil：混乱，骚动；D．confusion：混乱，困惑：例如：The conference ended in confusion．会议在混乱中结束。A．doubt：怀疑，疑惑；例如：I doubt his competence to do the work．我怀疑他是否有能力做那件工作。B．relief：减除，救济；例如：refief fund for the earthquake in Yushu district玉树地区的地震救济金。

7． C [解析]Patricia生气的瞪着其他的女孩。resentment愤恨；如：He shows no resent．ment to anyone．他不怨恨任何人。C．anger愤怒；最符合题意。如：I cannot control my anger．我无法控制自己的愤怒。A．love爱；如：Love conquers a11．爱能战胜一切。B．surprise惊奇；如：What a pleasant surprise!多惊喜的事情呀!D．doubt怀疑；如：There is no doubt that we willbe successful．毫无疑问我们会成功。

8． A [解析]你的狗每天至少需要20分钟充沛的运动。vigorous：精力充沛的：A．en．crgetic和它意思相同，表示有活力的，精力充沛的；例如：He is an energetic man．Everyday heworks until midnight．他是个精力旺盛的人，每天都工作到半夜。B．free：自由的。C．physi．cal：体力的，身体的；例如：to do physical exercise锻炼身体。D．regular：定期的，正式的；如：He has no regular work．他没有正式的工作。

9． C [解析]我很喜欢那个游戏--它有巧妙的情节和有趣的对话。B．original：原始的，原创的；例如：He can read Shakespeare in the original．他能读莎士比亚作品的原文。A． boring：乏味的，无聊的；C．humorous：幽默的，滑稽的；例如：Indeed he has a solemn face，buthe is very humorous at heart．他的确有一副严厉的脸孔，但内心却很富幽默感。D．long：长的。

10．A[解析]低税收将刺激投资，帮助经济增长。spur：鞭策，激励；C．encourage和spur意思相同，鼓舞，鼓励；例如：New measures have been taken to encourage consumption in China．中国采取了新的举措来刺激消费。A．attract：吸引；例如：His film has attracted a large audience．他的电影吸引了很多的观众。B．spend：花费；如：She spent the whole month to prepare for the examination．她用一个月的时间准备考试。D．require：要求：如：This is the minimum quantity we require．这是我们所要求的最小数量。 11．B [解析]他在几分钟内就驳倒了我的观点。demolish：推翻，驳倒；B．disprove：反驳；与demolish意思最接近。例如：It is nearly impossible to disprove a rumor．要辟谣几乎是不可能的。A．support：

支持，扶持；如：1 will always support you whatever you do．不论你做什么，我都会支持你。C．dispute：辩论，怀疑；例如：We disputed with each other on various issues．我们为各种问题互相争论。D．accept：接受。

12．D [解析]两家银行已宣布了在明年合并的计划。merge：合并，兼并；D．combine：使结合，使联合，和merge意思接近；如：to combine theory with practice理论联系实际；A．close：停止，关闭；如：to close an account关闭一个(银行)账户。B．sell：卖，出售。C．break：打破，折断；例如：The old man broke a tooth on a bone．这老人咬骨头把一颗牙折断了。

13．A [解析]她的父亲是一位举止优雅安静的人。graceful\：典雅的，有礼貌的；A．polite：有礼貌的，文雅的，和graceful意思接近；例如：He is always polite to people．他总是对人很有礼貌。B．usual：通常的；如：The child went to school as usual．这孩子像往常一样上学去了。C．bad：糟糕的，坏的；例如：a bad idea坏主意。D．similar；相似的，类似的；例如：The project in All,ca hassimilar goals．在非洲的计划有类似的目的。

14．A[解析]这个项目需要10年的刻苦钻研。diligent：勤勉的，勤奋的；A．hardwork．ing：刻苦的，努力的，与diligent意思相近；例如：His Success depend on his hardworking and pa． tience．他的成功全靠他的辛勤与耐心。B．social：社会的；例如：good social order良好的社会秩序。C．basic：基本的，基础的；例如：My boss can speak some basic English．我的老板能说一些基础英语。D．scientific：科学的；例如：scientific development科学发展。

15．B [解析]他被关押在条件恶劣的监狱里。appalling：可怕的，令人震惊的；B．terrible：可怕的，最接近题意。A．necessary：必要的，必须的；例如：We still lack the necessary information．我们仍缺少必要的信息。C．critical：危险的，爱挑剔的；例如：He is very critical aboutf00d．他对食物特别挑剔。D．normal：正常的；例如：It is normal to feel lonely sometimes．偶尔会觉得寂寞是很正常的。 第2部分：阅读判断

16．A[解析]本题给出的信息是正确的，文章第一段中提到\satellites beginning in 2016\说明太阳能卫星会使用无线电波从太空发射能量光束。

17．C [解析]文章没有谈到这方面的信息，文章在第一段中提到200这个数字是关于\and Electric Company buy 200 megawatt(兆瓦)of power beamed down from solarpower satellites beginning in 2016\：从2016年起，太平洋天然气和电力公司将购买200兆瓦的从太阳能电站的卫星上发送来的电力。

18．B[解析]本题给出的信息是错误的。文章在第三段末尾提到：\在地球上的太阳能电池只能在白天且无云的时候收集阳光。\ 19．B [解析]本题给出的信息是错误的。从文章第四段\努力克服)with the high cost per kilogram of launching things into space\：但在太空的太阳能工厂必须努力克服的问题是：向太空发射每一公斤的物品都要付出高昂代价，即成本高的问题。 20．A[解析]本题给出的信息是正确的，从文章第五段\to reduce the system's weight\我们知道这家公司的一项专利说明了降低此系统重量的多种方法。

21．B [解析]本题给出的信息是错误的。从文章最后一段\0f renewable energy\我们知道它(从太空中获得的太阳能)并不会挤掉其他形式的可再生能源。

22．C [解析]文章没有谈到这方面的信息。文章主要围绕美国，尤其是加州来说，并没有提到其他国家的情况。 参考译文

加利福尼亚州批准空间太阳能电站

使用从太空照下的能源已经离现实近在咫尺了，因为加利福尼亚州已经以协议的形式批准了。协议规定：从2016年起，太平洋天然气和电力公司将购买200兆瓦的从太阳能电站的卫星上发送来的电力。但这项技术要广泛使用，仍有一些挑战需要克服。

发出这一设想的公司Solaren正在设计一颗卫星。公司称这颗卫星将会使用无线电波将能源发送到地球上的接收站。

在太空收集太阳能这一设想的吸引人之处在于它是目前在地球同步轨道上收集阳光受阻碍最少的方式。与此截然不同的是，在地球上的太阳能电池只能在白天且无云的时候收集阳光。

但在太空的太阳能工厂必须努力克服的问题是：向太空发射一公斤的物品都要付出高昂代价。印第安纳州普渡大学拉法叶校区的Richarci Scllwartz说：\如果你要说的是让这一设想从经济角度上可行，从而供应地球能量，这是一条很艰难的道路。\

Solaren公司的能源服务部门的经理Cal Boerman说公司设计这一卫星时已考虑到将发射成本降低。他说：\我们知道我们必须想出一个与众不同的，有革新意义的设计。\这家公司的一项专利说明了降低此系统重量的多种方法，包括使用可充气的镜子向太阳能电池板聚焦，这样利用较少的太阳能电池板就可以收集到等量的能量。

但使用镜子又带来了其他问题，包括防止太阳能电池板过热，Sclawartz提出。\你必须处理好热量散发的问题，因为你将很多能量聚集在一个地方。\他说。按照该公司的专利书描述．Solaren公司的太阳能电池板会被连接到散热板上使其保持冷却。

尽管Boerman说这家公司相信它能制造建立在太空中的太阳能发电厂，但它并不会挤掉其他形式的可再生能源。加利福尼亚州的法律以及其他州的法律要求在未来几年增加对可再生能源的利用。他指出：\为了满足这些需要，我们需要使用各种可再生能源。\ 第3部分：概括大意与完成句子

23．A [解析]本题考查的是对所读材料大意与主旨的掌握。本段的中心意思是天然气被广泛应用以及天然气的各种用途。

24．D [解析]本题考查的是对所读材料大意与主旨的掌握。本段的中心意思是天然气是现有能源中最安全和最干净的。

25．F[解析]本题考查的是对所读材料大意与主旨的掌握。本段的中心意思是美国消费天然气的情况。 26．B [解析]本题考查的是对所读材料大意与主旨的掌握。本段的中心意思是世界上天然气的储存和供应情况。

27．B [解析]本题考查的是对阐述文章的主旨事实与细节的了解。依据是第一段的第一句话\gas is produceci from reservoirs deep beneath the earth's surface．\

28．F[解析]本题考查的是对阐述文章的主旨事实与细节的了解。依据是第二段的第四句话\fact，natural gas is the most economical source for home energy neecls，costing one-thirdas much as electricity．\ 29．E [解析]本题考查的是对阐述文章的主旨事实与细节的了解。依据是第二段的第五句话\to Ileating Jaomes，much of the gas useci in the United States is Hse(1 as a rawmaterial to manufacture a wide vatiety of products，from paint，to fil3ers for clothing，to plastics for healthcaare，computing and fllmishings．\

30．C [解析]本题考查的是对阐述文章的主旨事实与细节的了解。依据是第四段的最后一句话\U．S．Department of Energy's：Energy Information Administration forecasts that natural gas demand will grow by more than 50。percent by 2025．\ 参考译文

天然气天然气深藏在地球表面下方，它属于矿物燃料，由埋藏在地球上上百万年前的有机物生成。它的主要成分是甲烷。

过去50多年，随着管道基础设施的建设将气体便利、经济地输送到世界各地的居住区、商业区和工业区用户，天然气的受欢迎程度和利用程度便迅速增长。如今全美50个州都有天然气服务，并且天然气成为美国家用燃料和工业使用燃料的首选。有超过6500万的美国家庭使用天然气。事实上，天然气是最经济的家庭能源需求，其费用是电的三分之一。除了家庭取暖外，在美国，天然气还被用作油漆、服装纤维、保健用塑料制品、计算设备和家具等多种产品的原材料，其也被用在许多新的发电厂。

天然气是现有能源中最安全和最干净的。它释放的污染小于其他矿物燃料。天然气燃烧时主要产生二氧化碳和水蒸汽--与人呼吸产生的物质相同。与其他矿物燃料相比，天然气燃烧时释放到空气中的二氧化碳最少，因此它是最洁净的矿物燃料。

美国消费世界天然气总产量的三分之一，是世界上最大的天然气消费地区。美国能源部的能源信息行政部预计到2025年，天然气的需求将会超过50％。

地表下面储存有大量的天然气。在俄罗斯、西非、北非和中东地区，天然气的储存量最大。

过去的40多年。美国除了自己生产液化气外，还进口液化气。现在进口液化气的国家主要有日本、韩国、法国和西班牙。 第4部分：阅读理解 第一篇

31．A [解析]本题是细节考查题。题目是：根据前两段，宇宙的早期_________。原文是 \宇宙最初的构成同今天的有所不同，而宇宙早期的主要物理现象也比较简单。\选项A\主要物理现象也比较简单\；选项B\在其中闪烁的星星更少\；选项C\开始于130亿年前\；选项D\和今天(宇宙)的构成方式相似\。因此只能选A。

32．D［解析］本题是细节考查题。题目问：这台最先进的电脑模拟系统告诉我们什么? 原文是\现在一种最先进的电脑模拟系统可以提供宇宙中最初的星辰产生的最详细的图片。\选项A\亿年前宇宙大爆炸是如何发生的\；选项B\宇宙黑暗时代是如何形成的\；选项C \在大爆炸后宇宙微尘和气体是如何形成的\；选项D\在大爆炸后宇宙最初的星辰是如何形成的\。因此只能选D。

33．C[解析]本题是细节考查题。原文是\这一时期有时也被称为'宇宙的黑暗时代'，模拟了最终在夜空中闪耀的天体的形成过程。\选项A\宇宙的黑暗时代\；选项B\微尘和气体\；选项C\原恒星\；选项D\宇宙早期\。因此只能选C。

34．A [解析]本题是细节考查题。题目问：根据第四段，如下关于原星辰的说法哪个不正确?原文第四段中提到了B、C、D的内容，而提到A的相关内容时原文是说\，在大爆炸之后。因此只能选A。选项A\在宇宙大爆炸中成为大恒星\；选项B\组成早期星辰的气体\；选项C\在形成巨大星体时能够合成重元素\；选项D\只有太阳百分之一大\。

35．B[解析]本题是细节考查题。题目问：根据最后一段，如下哪个不是此模拟工程的目的?原文最后一段作为此项工程的目的提及了A、C、D选项所述内容，而B只是手段，而非目的。所以只能选B。选项A\更多的了解宇宙最初的星辰的体积和属性\；选项B\模拟宇宙早期的形成过程\；选项C\将模拟结果应用于核反应的初期阶段\；选项D\发现原星辰形成的真相\。 参考译文

宇宙中最初的星辰是如何产生的?

多年来，最初的星辰是如何由尘埃和气体组成的问题一直困扰着人们，然而专家们说，现在一种最先进的电脑模拟系统可以提供宇宙中最初的星辰是如何产生的最详细的图片。

宇宙最初的构成同今天的有所不同，而且宇宙早期的主要物理现象也比较简单。Naoki'Yoshida博士同他在日本和美国的同事一起整合了宇宙早期的各种情况，这一时期有时也被称为\宇宙的黑暗时代\，模拟了最终在夜空中闪耀的天体的形成过程。

这一研究的结果是对原恒星--宇宙中巨大的原始星辰的早期阶段形成的详细的描述并且有\宇宙的罗塞达石碑\之称的研究人员的电脑模拟系统，为进一步研究星体的形成过程奠定了基础。宇宙中最初的星辰是如何形成的问题非常重要，因为它们的形成及最终的爆炸为随后的星体的形成提供了种子。 根据研究人员的模拟系统，重力对物质、气体及宇宙大爆炸后形成的神秘的\黑暗物质\的密度的微小变化产生了影响，从而形成了星辰的雏形--仅有太阳百分之一大的原恒星。

模拟系统为我们展示了组成早期星辰的气体是如何在早期宇宙简单的物理作用下演化形成了原恒星。Yoshida博士的模拟系统还展示了原恒星可能会在宇宙大爆炸刚刚结束就演化成能够合成重元素的巨大的星体，而不是几代以后的星体才能合成。

哈佛大学天文学教授同时也是这项报告的合作者Lars Hernquist谈到：\星体形成的总图和对比宇宙不同时期和区域星体如何形成的能力将最终让我们能够探索生命和星球的起源。

随着星体越来越多，宇宙中的各种元素更加充裕，而且星体的形成和毁灭继续将这些元素传播到宇宙的更深处。所以你想想我们身体的所有元素最初都形成于很久以前星体中心的核反应。\

对宇宙早期原恒星诞生的模拟意味着向拼接原始星体形成过程和预测宇宙中最初的星辰的质量和性质的宏伟目标迈出了关键的一步。要进行更进一步的计算和模拟就需要功能更强的电脑，更多的物理数据，甚至更广的研究范围，但是研究者希望最终能将这个模拟结果应用于核反应初期--也就是当一个星状物质变成真正的星辰的时候。

德克萨斯州立大学天文学助理教授，一篇相关论文的作者Volker Bromm说：\博士已经用这个模拟系统把对原始星体形成的研究推到了一个新的水平，但是这离我们最终的目标还很远。这就像是躺在摩天大楼的地基上。我们必须继续在这一领域的研究，从而了解最初的原恒星是如何一层一层长大并最终成为一颗巨大星体的。但是现在，物理现象越来越复杂，而且我们还需要更多的计算资源。\ 第二篇

36．C[解析]本题是细节考查题。冰人尸体被发现的原因在文章的第一段提到。原文是：\但是1991年是特别暖的一年，山上的冰比从前消融的更快，因此尸体才显露出来。\选项A\他躺在冰上\；选项B\两个德国人正在爬山\；选项C\融化的冰将他暴露出来\；选项D \他刚好在一个山口上\。因此只能选C。 37．B[解析]本题是阅读理解能力考查题。原题是：能从第二段推断出的是以下哪项? 选项B\冰人有可能死于头部伤口\；选项D\冰人背后受袭击而致死\；选项A\冰人工作时被杀害\；选项c\冰人生活贫困\。原文是\它面朝下，除了头部有伤外，骨架状况很好\，仅就此推断。冰人可能死于头部伤。因此答案是B。 38．B [解析]本题是细节考查题。原题是：下列哪项不属于人们对冰人作出的种种猜测?原文在第三段。选项A\他是一战时期的士兵\；选项B\他来自意大利\在文章中没有出现：选项C\他是一位瑞士妇女失踪多年的父亲\；选项D\他大约一千年前出生\。因此答案是B。

39．B[解析]本题是细节考查题。原题是：科学家对冰人的推论是什么?原文在第四段。选项A\他的肩膀被箭头刺伤\是事实而非推论；选项B\有可能参与过战斗\是推论；选项C\头后部有伤口\是事实而非推论；选项D\皮肤上的小孔导致他的死亡\不符合事实。因此只能选B。

40．A[解析]本题是阅读理解能力考察题。第四段\是什么意思?选项A\强盗\：选项B\士兵\；选项C\猎人\；选项D\射击手\。因此只能选A。 参考译文

冰人1991年9月的一天，两位德国人正在攀登位于奥地利和意大利之间的山脉。他们在一个高处山口发现了一具躺在冰上的尸体。冰在这样的高度(10499英尺或3200米)通常是常年不化的．但是1991年是特别暖和的一年，山上的冰比从前消融的更快，因此尸体才显露出来。

尸体面朝下躺着，除了头部有伤外，骨架状况很好，有残余的衣物。尸体双手仍然握着斧头的木柄。双脚穿着用皮革和布料做的靴子。在尸体附近有一双树皮做的手套和一个箭筒。

他是谁?在什么时候又是怎样死去的呢?人们的解释各异。有人认为他是本世纪的人，

有可能是二战时期阵亡的士兵，因为在这附近已经有士兵被发现了。一位瑞士妇女相信他是自己20年前在此去世的父亲，父亲的遗体一直没有被找到。赶去查看的科学家认为这一尸体可能更久远，它甚至有1000岁了。

科学家们运用现代数据技术很快获悉这一冰人已有大约5300岁了。他大约出生在公元前3300年，生活在欧洲的青铜器时代。起初科学家们认为他有可能在高山间打猎时发生意外而身亡。然而最近的一些证据却显示另有原因。新型的x光表明他的肩膀上仍有一个箭头， 皮肤上只有一个小孔，但却导致内部损伤和失血。几乎可以确定他死于这个伤口，而不是脑后的伤口。这说明他有可能参与过战争。有可能是大型战争的一部分或者他曾和强盗博斗过，甚至他本人就可能是强盗。

通过研究他的衣服和工具，科学家们就已经获悉冰人生活的时代的很多内容。我们有可能永远无法知道他死亡的真相，但是他给我们提供了了解那个远古时代的重要线索。 第三篇

41．B[解析]本题是细节考查题。原题是：为什么巧克力对心脏和血液循环有益。原文是：\巧克力中含有一种叫类黄酮的物质，它能维护心脏的健康并促进血液循环。\选项A\它可以减少痛苦和压力\；选项B\它含有一种叫做类黄酮的物质\；选项C\它在人体内释放内啡肽\；选项D\它能起到像阿司匹林一样的保护心脏的作用\。因此只能选B。

42．B [解析]本题是细节考查题。原题是：可可第一次作为什么被引入欧洲并迅速流行起来?原文是：\年，一个玛雅贵族代表团觐见西班牙国王菲利普时送给他一罐可可作为礼物。\选项A\作为一种饮料\；选项B\作为礼物\；选项C\作为食品\；选项D\作为一种药\。因此只能选B。

43．D [解析]本题是细节考查题。原题是：那件事是James Baker和John Hanan做的有关巧克力的事。原文是：\年，James Baker和and J0hn Hanan在美国开办了第一个巧克力作坊，将巧克力介绍给了普通人。\选项B\将巧克力引入欧洲\；选项C\他们给巧克力棒加入糖\；选项D\他们使普通人也能吃到巧克力\；选项A\他们制造了第一块口味柔和的巧克力\。因此只能选D。

44．B [解析]本题是细节考查题。原题是：根据文章所述，如下哪个说法是不正确的? 原文是：\研究者们警告虽然巧克力对我们有好处，但应该少量食用而且不应另加奶。\选项A \巧克力含有让人感到快乐的物质\；选项B\吃加糖的巧克力对身体有利\；选项c\偶尔吃巧克力对身体有益\；选项D\巧克力为全世界成百上千万的人们所喜爱\。因此只能选B。 45．C [解析]本题是阅读理解能力考查题。原题是：作者对于吃巧克力的语气是什么样的?选项A\模棱两可的\；选项B\否定的\；选项C\肯定的\；选项D\幽默的\。从题目和文中总体内容可见，这篇文章说明吃巧克力的好处，虽然在后面提出吃巧克力时的注意事项但不影响作者肯定的语气，因此只能选C。 参考译文

科学家的\甜蜜发现''

巧克力迷们的好消息：据加州大学的研究者称深受全世界成千上万人喜爱的巧克力对健康很有好处，因为巧克力中合有一种叫类黄酮的物质，它能维护心脏的健康并促进血液循环。

研究者们还发现可可会像阿司匹林一样，会在体内释放内啡肽：这些化学物质可以有效缓解疼痛和压力，让你感到谕快。在大约公元前1500年，居住在墨西哥和中关洲的奥尔梅克人首次开始种植可可豆，并且在可可风靡欧洲之前玛雅人已经饮用无糖可可好几百年了。

1544年，一个玛雅贵族代表团觐见西班牙国王菲利普时送给他一罐可可作为礼物。很快，可可便在西班牙和葡萄牙流行起来，西班牙人最早在他们的可可饮料里加糖。

到了世纪中叶，固体可可开始为人们所熟知。1765年，James Baker和John Harian在美国开办了第一个巧克力作坊，将巧克力介绍给了普通人。1896年，瑞士的Daniel Peter想出了在巧克力制作过程中加牛奶的点子，并生产出了第一块牛奶巧克力。

从此，巧克力变得越来越受人们欢迎。巧克力的最大消费国之一是英国。那里的普通人，不论男女还是孩子每年都要吃9公斤的巧克力。实际上，巧克力是顶级的抚慰食品，并且英国是全世界巧克力迷最多的国家。研究者们警告虽然巧克力对我们有好处，但应该少量食用而且不应另加牛奶。 第5部分：补全短文

46．E [解析]He said tlmt t'tlis expression of feeling is universal ancl：recognizable by anyone from any culture．他说这种感情的表达普遍存在，可以在任何人和任何文化中找到。上一句列举了六种表情，而this正是指以上的感情的表达。

47．C [解析]Research has also been done t0 find out which areas of brain reacll the emotion-al expressions．人们做了研究以期发现大脑的哪个区域读取表情。该题考察上下文之间的意义关系,这与后文对于头脑阅读的内容从意义上讲是一脉相承的。

48．D [解析]They decicled that it was a mental state that COUld be prececled by\feel\\looks\．他们认定情感是一种心理状态，常以\我觉得\他认为\她听起来\开头，这与前文要定义\情感\和后文\按照这种界定方式\相符合。 49．F [解析]Any other method of showing all the 412 emotions SUCh as words would Jaavebeen far less effective．要展示412种表情，其他任何的方法远没有它有效。文章接下来给出了理由。

50．B [解析]These particular muscles are dimcult to control，an(1 feW people can do it．这些特殊的肌肉很难控制，少数人才能做到这一点。该句前面讲到面部肌肉的控制，因此，选B。 参考译文

我懂你的心你觉得难过，快乐，灰心，漫不经心，生气吗?你可能认为自己表达这些情感的方式是独一无二的。哦，再想想吧。即使是最为私密的个人感情也可分类。这周推出的Mindl Reacling(头脑阅读仪)，一种可以显示人类每一种可能的情绪的DVD。这种仪器准确地展示我们412种不同的表情，它是第一部可以感受人类内心活动的可视字典。

对于人类表情划分的尝试源自于达尔文1872年出版的《人和动物的情感与表达》。这本书中将人的表情划分为六种类型--愤怒、恐惧、悲伤、厌恶、惊喜和快乐。他表示这种感情的表达普遍存在，可以在任何人和任何文化中找到。其他不同的感觉被认为来自于达尔文的分类。更复杂的情感表达或许是后天习得的，因此在不同的文化中具有自己的特色。一个抱着怀疑或愤怒态度的太平洋上的岛民是无法传递给英国埃塞克斯郡的女孩她的感受的。

但是现在看来：尽管手势不能很好的跨越文化的界限，但比达尔文所说的六类情感更多的面部表情是为人类所共享的。人们做了研究以期发现大脑的哪个区域读取表情。头脑阅读是一种系统的视觉表情的记录。

该项目由剑桥大学自闭症研究中心的教授simon Baron-Collen构想，此中心对自闭症患者，即在阅读和表达情感方面有困难的人，进行一种辅助治疗。但是很快它有了很多更为广泛且显而易见的用途。小说家、演员和肖像画家都需要利用多种的情感表情，甚至老师们把它应用于教授个人和社会发展知识的课堂。

Baron-Colaen和他的研究小组首先定义了\情感\，他们认定情感是一种心理状态，常以\我觉得\他认为\她听起来\开头。他们用这种界定方式对1512种情感进行了界定，并呈交给一个评审团，由他们来决定每种情感是一个单独的感情还是都属于同类感情。最终，这个列表减少到412种表情，分成24类，从\害怕\到\希望\。

一旦这些情感被定义和归类，那么DVD似乎就成为最为快捷的展示情感的方式了。在头脑阅读中，每种表情都由6个不同的演员在3秒内表演出来。要展示412种表情，其他任何的方法远没有这样有效。原因很简单：我们很难用语言来形容感情，但是当它们出现在某人的脸部时我们会立刻辨认出来，\很明显，演员的表演是到位的。\的导演凯西科利说到。\虽然给了他们一些指示，但并没有告诉演员他们应该动用面部的哪块肌肉。\科利斯女士补充说。这些特殊的肌肉难以控制，只有少数人才能做到这一点。例如，当有人感到不屑一顾时不能确定他们的眉毛总是向下撇。 美国人保罗·埃克曼教授试图建立这样的规则，他曾创建了一个描述表达每个情感时面部变化的数据库，人的脸部可以做出43种截然不同的叫做\行动单位\的肌肉运动。这些\行动单位\能组合成超过l o000种的可见的面部形态。埃克曼教授已经编写出面部肌肉的运动模式来代表每个情感。 第6部分：完形填空

51．c [解析]way方法；A．road；B．chennel；D．path。根据上下文可知\科研人员发现了一种可以从空气中水分获取饮用水的方法。\所以选C。

52．D [解析]sueh as；A．in spite of尽管；B．13ecause of因为；c．as a result of作为……结果。根据上下文可知\我们开发的这套工序完全基于诸如太阳能收集器和光生伏打电池的可再生能源\。所以选D。

53．D[解析]本题考查的是对非限定性定语从句的掌握，所以选D。

54．D [解析]still仍然；A．meanwhile同时；B．tIlerei]are因此；C．bpwever然而；根据上下文可知\这使得该方法在能量方面完全自主，即使会在没有电力基础设施的地方仍可起到作用。\所以选D。 55．B [解析]process过程；A．prospect前景；C．progress进步；D．product产品。根据上下文可知\这套工序的原理如下。\所以选B。

56．D[解析]本题考查的是短语SUCk into吸入，所以选D。

57．D [解析]lmats加热；A。keeps保持；B。brings带来；c．breaks打破。根据上下文可知\来自于太阳能收集器的能量将盐水加热，这样盐水就会稀释它所吸收的水。\所以选D。

58．D [解析]aI)sorbed吸收；A．attracted吸引；B．affecteted影响；c．allowecl允许，原文同上题。所以选D。

59．A [解析]normal正常的；B．different不同的；c．easy简单的；D．available可以获得的。根据上下文可知\在真空环境中，液体的沸点要比在正常大气压下的要低。\所以选A。

60．A [解析]conti．nuously不间断地；B．suoldenly 突然地；C．typically典型地；D．seri-ously严重地。根据上下文可知\水柱的重力持续制造真空状态，所以不需要真空泵。\所以选A。

61．D [解析]runs原意为跑，但这里是流动的意思，run down是沿着……流动；A．takes拿；c．flies飞；B．puts放置。根据上下文可知\二次被浓缩的盐水会涪着塔状物再次向下流去吸收空气中的水。\所以选D。

62．A [解析]users用户；使用者；A．owner 主人，拥有者；B．designers设计师；D．workers工人。根据上下文可知\这一理念适用于各种各样的水的使用者。\所以选A。

63．A [解析]both(两者)都；因为这里是强调空气水汽吸收器和真空蒸汽机两个机器之间的作用效果，所以选A。

64．c [解析]tested 测试；A．repaired修理；B．cancelled取消；D．copied复制。根据上下文可知\科研人员已经在实验室范围内测试了它们的相互作用的效果。\所以选C。

65．B [解析]step步骤；A．instrument工具；C．case案例；D．ground 地面。根据上下文可知\在下一步的研究中，研究者们会开发出一套用于展示的设备。\所以选B。 参考译文

从空气湿气中获得饮用水

沙漠的地面非常干，以至于连植物的影子都没有。但空气中却含有水分。并且，科研人员发现了一种可以从空气的水分中获取饮用水的方法。这一系统完全基于可再生能源，因此是自主的。 崩裂声弥漫在干涸的沙地上，地面上的景象证明了这里水的缺乏。但即使在这样一个没有湖泊、河流、

地表水的地方，大量的水就存储于空气中。例如，在以色列的内盖夫沙漠，年平均相对空气湿度是64％--每立方空气中含有11．5毫升的水。

德国科研人员发现了一种将空气中的水气自动转化为饮用水的方法。该研究小组的组长Siegfried Egner说：\我们开发的这套工序完全基于诸如太阳热能收集器和光生伏打电池的可再生能源。这使得该方法在能量方面完全自主，即使在没有电力基础设施的地方仍可起到作用。\这套工序的原理如下：吸湿盐水--能够吸收湿气的盐水溶液--沿着一塔状结构容器下流时在空气中吸收水分。水被吸到地下几米深的一个真空水箱中。来自于太阳能收集器的能量将盐水加热，这样盐水就将会稀释它所吸收的水。

在真空环境中，液体的沸点要比在正常大气压下的要低。这一效果可以在山区了解到：由于山上的大气压比山谷的要低，因此水的沸点明显低于100摄氏度。这些蒸发了的、不是盐水的水被浓缩后沿着一支充满蒸汽的管子慢慢向下流。水柱的重力持续制造真空状态，所以不需要真空泵。经过再次浓缩的盐水会沿着塔状物再次向下流去吸收空气中的水分。

Egnerr说：\这一理念适用于各类使用水的人群。单人房以及可以为整个宾馆供应水的工厂都成为可能。\这套系统的两个构件--空气水汽吸收器和真空蒸汽机的样机已经制造出来。科研人员也已经在实验室范围内测试了它们相互作用的效果。研究者们计划在下一步的研究中开发出一套用于展示的设备。

2009年度全国职称英语等级考试理工类（A级）试题

第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）

下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1 Why can't you stop your eternal complaining? A long

B everlasting C temporary D boring

2 Hundreds of buildings were wrecked by the earthquake. A damaged B shaken C fallen D jumped

3 These paintings are considered by many to be authentic. A faithful B royal C sincere D genuine

4 Many economists have given in to the fatal lure of mathematics. A simplicity B attraction C power D rigor

5 Ten years after the event, her death still remains a puzzle. A mist B fog C secret D mystery

6 John was irritated by the necessity for polite conversation, A troubled B annoyed C threatened D aroused

7 Academic records cannot be duplicated.

B. different types of continents. C. the Marianas Trench. D. transform faults.

第三篇

Mobile Phones：Are They about to Transform Our Lives？

We love them so much that some of us sleep with them under the pillow，yet we are increasingly concerned that we cannot escape their electronic reach. We use them to convey our most intimate secrets，yet we worry that they are a threat to our privacy. We rely on them more than the lnternet to cope with modern life，yet many of us don't believe advertisements saying we need more advanced services.

Sweeping aside the doubts that many people feel about the benefits of new third generation phones and fears over the health effects of phone masts（天线竿），a recent report clains that the long-term effects of new mobile technologies will be entirely positive so long as the public can be convinced to make use of them. Research about users of mobile phones reveals that the mobile has already moved beyond being a mere practical communications tool to become the backbone （支柱）of modern social life，from love affairs to friendship to work. One female teacher，32，told the researchers：\

The close relationship between user and phone is most pronounced among teenagers，the report says，who regard their mobiles as an expression of their identity. This is partly because mobiles are seen as being beyond the control of parents. But the researchers suggest that another reason may be that mobiles，especially taxt messaging，are seen as a way of overcoming shyness. \is often used for apologies，to excuse lateness or to communicate other things that make us uncomfortable，\，The impact of phones，however，has been local rather than global，supporting existing friendships and networks，rather than opening users to a new broader community. Even the language of texting in one area can be incomprehensible to anybody from another area.

Among the most important benefits of using mobile phones，the report claims，will be a vastly improved mobile infrastructure（基础设施），providing gains throughout the economy，and the provision of a more sophisticated location-based services for users. The report calls on govemment to put more effort into the delivery of services by bobile phone，with suggestions including public transport and traffic information and doctors' text messages to remind patients of appointments. \love that idea,\one user said in an interview. \

There are many other possibilities. At a recent trade fair in Sweden，a mobile navigation product was launched. When the user enters a destination，a route is automatically downloaded to their mobile and presented by voice，pictures and maps as they drive. In future，these devices will also be able to plan around congestion（交通堵塞）and road works in real time. Third generation phones will also allow for remote monitoring of patients by doctors. In Britain scientists are developing a asthma（哮喘）management solution，using mobiles to detect early signs of an attack.

41.What does the writer suggest in the first paragraph about our attitudes to mobile phones？ A. We can't live without them.

B. We are worried about using them so much. C. We have contradictory feelings about them.

D. We need them more than anything else to deal with modem life. 42.Which of the following statements is true？

A. Modern social life relies significantly on the use of mobile phones. B. Mobile phones make romantic communication more difficult. C. Mobile phones encourage people to make friends.

D. Mobile phones enable people of different countries to talk without translation. 43.Teenagers have a close relationship with their mobile phones partly because they A. use text messages more than any other group. B. are more likely to be late than older people.

C. tend to feel uncomfortable in many situations.

D. take mobile phones as an indication of independence from their parents. 44.It is suggested that mobile phones should be used to A. give the address of the nearest hospital. B. show bus and train timetables. C. arrange delivery of mails. D. cure diseases.

45.The navigation product launched in Sweden is helpful to drivers because it can A. suggest the best route to get to a place. B. download maps of the area.

C. tell them which roads are congested. D. show them how to avoid road works.

第5部分：补全短文（第46~50题，每题2分，共10分）

下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

American Dreams

There is a common response to America among foreign writers：the US is a land of extremes where the best of things are just as easily found as the worst. This is a cliche（陈词滥调）。

In the land of black and white，people should not be too surprised to find some of the biggest gaps between the rich and the poor in the world. But the American Dream offers a way out to everyone.（46） No class system or govemment stands in the way.

Sadly，this old argument is no longer true. Over the past few decades there has been a fundamental shift in the structure of the American economy.

The gap between the rich and the poor has widened and widened.（47）

Over the past 25 years the median US family income has gone up 18 per cent. For the top 1 per cent，however，it has gone up 200 per cent. Twenty-five years ago the top fifth of Americans had an average income 6.7 times that of the bottom fifth.（48）

Inequalities have grown worse in different regions. In California，incomes for lower class families have fallen by 4 per cent since 1969.（49） This has led to an economy hugely in favor of a small group of very rich Americans. The wealthiest 1 per cent of households now control a third of the national wealth. There are now 37 million Americans living in poverty. At 12.7 per cent of the population，it is the highest percentage in the developed world.

Yet the tax burden on America's rich is falling，not growing.（50） There was an economic theory holding that the rich spending more would benefit everyone as a whole. But clearly that theory has not worked in reality. A Nobody is poor in the US.

B The top 0.01 per cent of households has seen its tax bite fall by a full 25 percentage points since 1980.

C For upper class families they have risen 41 per cent. D Now it is 9.8 times.

E As it does so，the possibility to cross that gap gets smaller and smaller. F All one has to do is to work hard and climb the ladder towards the top. 第6部分：完形填空（第51~65题，每题1分，共15分）

下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。

Robots May Allow Surgery in Space

Small robots designed by University of Nebraska researchers may allow doctors on Earth to help perform surgery on patients in space.

The tiny，wheeled robots，（51）are about 3 inches tall and as wide as a lipstick case，can be slipped into small incisions（切口）and computer-controlled by surgeons in different locations. Some robots are equipped

（52）cameras and lights and can send images back to surgeons and others have surgical tools attached that can be（53）remotely.

\think this is going to （54）open surgery，\Dmitry Oleynikov said at a news conference. Oleynikov is a （55）in computer-assisted surgery at the University of Nebraska Medical Center in Omaha.

Officials hope that NASA will teach（56）to use the robots soon enough so that surgeries could one day be performed in space.

On earth，the surgeons could control the robots themselves（57）other locations. For example，the robots could enable surgeons in other places to （58）on injured soldiers on the front line. Researchers plan to seek federal regulatory（59）early nest year. Tests on animals have been successful，and tests on humans in England will begin very soon.

The camera-carrying robots can provide（60）of affected areas and the ones with surgical tools will be able to maneuver（操控）inside the body in ways surgeons' hands can't. The views from the camera-carrying robots are （61）than the naked eye，because they（62）back color images that are magnified（放大）。Because several robots can be inserted through one incision，they could reduce the amount and （63）of cuts needed for surgery，which would decrease recovery time. This is particularly（64）to those patients who have been debilitated（使虚弱）by long illness.

Eventually，Oleynikov said，the tiny robots may enable surgeons to work without ever（65）their hands in patients' bodies. \with these devices. \

51.A.since B. when C. which D. as 52.A.by B. with C. in D. on

53.A.controlled B. developed C. repaired D. provided 54.A.perform B. undergo C. follow D. replace

55.A.reporter B. specialist C. designer D. director 56.A.astronauts B. nurses C. teachers D. trainers 57.A.by B. of C. from D. through 58.A.take B. put C. live D. work

59.A.approval B. questions C. treatment D. license 60.A.answers B. services C. views D. insights 61.A.weaker B. stronger C. poorer D. better 62.A.send B. produce C. change D. create 63.A.measure B. size C. power D. pressure

64.A.relevant B. true C. helpful D. interesting 65.A.touching B. pressing C. holding D. placing

2007年度职称外语等级考试标准答案

英语-理工类A卷（A级）

1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.A 6.B 7.D 8.A 9.C 10.C

11.A 12.B 13.D 14.C 15.A 16.A 17.C 18.B 19.B 20.C 21.A 22.C 23.D 24.E 25.A 26.F 27.C 28.E 29.A 30.B 31.B 32.D 33.A 34.D 35.C 36.C 37.B 38.D 39.A 40.A 41.C 42.A 43.D 44.B 45.A 46.F 47.E 48.D 49.C 50.B 51.C 52.B 53.A 54.D 55.B 56.A 57.C 58.D 59.A 60.C 61.D 62.A 63.B 64.C 65.D

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