托福作文_模板_词汇_句型_新东方笔记

收录自新东方托福班讲义。

1. It is harmful!

It runs the risk of driving … to a dead end.

2. It can bring some troubles.

The proposal can largely minimize the effectiveness and efficiency while maximize the rate of risks.

3. It can solve this problem.

It is effective in serving as a key.

4. The costs and risks are too high.

The stakes are too high to afford.

5. …is the most important.

…is second to none.

6. …is the least important.

…is next by nothing.

7. It is very important.

It is significant for sb. in doing …

8. It can influence us.

Positive & Negative

9. As a coin, everything has 2 sides, the good one, and the bad one.

Things are featured with a mixture of elements.

ISSUE资料

◆issue 地图—素材准备

◆4 types—思路模块搭建

◇

◇

◇

◇ should 话题 (良性建议类) be 话题 （判断，结论类） 倾向性话题 A>B (more than / primarily / only instead of / rather than ） Mixture-- be + should 话题

倾向+ should

◆ 4 types:

◇ should 话题 (良性建议类)

题型特点：

若要得到美好结果/避免大的问题，就应当

Tip1要解决的问题往往庞大复杂

Tip2 解决方案通常片面甚至偏激

Tip3 解决方案可行性有时欠佳

Tip4 建议或解决方案不设上限

Tip5 解决方案通常无效

43 50 53 202

◇ be 话题 （判断，结论类）

收录自新东方托福班讲义。

▽ 题型特点：

是/不是

好／不好

起着主要／次要／积极，消极作用／影响

理解 / 判断 主要靠 （东西／途径／标准）

Tip1: 被定义，概括的事物往往复杂

Tip2: 定义通常片面

Tip3: 定义通常脱离现实

Tip4: 定义通常无视变化

2 97 105 207 221

◇ 倾向性话题

(more than / primarily / only instead of / rather than ）

题目特点： 厚此薄彼

你死我活

倾向通常有明确目的指向

倾向通常牵强

A和B同等重要或皆有可能

如此倾斜会有危害

20 35 45 243

◇ Mixture-- be + should 话题

倾向+ should

17 19 174

★ Issue 思路

☆ 一个For + N个Against

*--关于让步： 让步只是手段，不是任务

Heading:

@ For (让步) + Against + (良性建议)

Body:

CS1 For (让步—限制级) first and foremost ,

First of all, I have to concede that …

First of all, I have to admit that

relatively

somewhat

to some extent

…, in some cases, …

…, on certain occasions,

…, under certain circumstances,

CS2 against 1 Secondly,

CS3 against 2 In addition to this, ….

CS4 against 3 What is more, / More importantly,

CS5 against 4 Finally, / at last, Last but not least, …

收录自新东方托福班讲义。

Ending

To sum up,

In sum,

In conclusion,

||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||或|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||

Heading:

@ For (让步) + Against + (良性建议)

Body:

CS1 against 1

First of all, + CS +

For one thing, …. +

For the other, …

CS2 against 2

In addition, + CS +

On one hand, … +

On the other hand, …

CS3 against 3

At last,/ Finally, + CS +

, for the reason that…

, on the ground that… +

In this case,

In this sense, …

Ending

Heading快捷方式1（@凸显主题 题目概要 @对立观点 @我的立场） @凸显主题

! Today, / Nowadays/As is known to all/There is no denying the fact that Under many circumstances, / When it comes to

As far as is concerned, / Once concerning

In recent years, / As is often the case,

+

X

the value / influence / issue of X

whether or not we should do X +

is so much concerned that it has aroused a wide discussion.

is much concerned to a point where a wide discussion has been aroused. * so that = subj. + v. + adj. / ved + to a/ the point where @对立观点

Some people hold/ maintain that it is that @我的立场

In my opinion, / In my view

* In taking various factors into consideration, I

* In taking various factors into account, I

* In weighing up both the prospective benefits and potential risks, I

收录自新东方托福班讲义。

I side with this claim. / I am on the side of this claim. * I disagree with this opinion. I side on the opposite. / I am on the opposite side of this claim.

Heading快捷方式2

Should + be done?

Is + adj?

Should serve as the *exclusive reference for us to achieve / to gain

a better understanding about

+

On certain occasions, / In some cases,

+

it might be sounded / effective / so,

+

While in most cases, / under many other circumstances ,

+

this solution would turn out to be awkward in serving as a key.

this claim would be deemed as misleading.

this claim would run the risk of driving …to a dead end.

Body

Modes: against vs. for

Against:

# 这样不好（本性/本质使然）

Nature / inherit / be born with

*As one of the most significant parts of nature, …is born to do/ is born with many defects / flaws

*The inherited nature of …. determines ….

*… is labeled with many defects that can largely mess up…

# 这样做不可行

--the feasibility of… is questionable

--The viability of … is open to question

--The feasibility / viability of … is vulnerable to any question or challenge. （继续nature）

*The of …many problems that the blueprint/idea/concept/ proposal of …

收录自新东方托福班讲义。

# 即使可行，很难运转合理

--it can hardly operate smoothly

Although it is feasible, it can hardly operate smoothly

! adj. though + subj. + is, + … 2 though he is, he fears his wife.

! adj. though + subj. + v., + …

! adj. as…is, + ….

升级包1：

Feasible though it is, it can hardly guarantee a smooth operation.

升级包2：

Feasibility though this proposal enjoy, there is no guarantee that a

smooth operation would be accomplished.

三种“有”的替代使用

have / has—be in possess of

enjoy I enjoy more opportunities.

suffer / suffer from Japan suffers from a low unemployment.

share We share many responsibilities.

# 即使有结果，也很难达到目的

It can not solve this problem

It fails in offering solution to this problem.

It can not guarantee the effectiveness and efficiency of…

It can not guarantee an objective definition/ conclusion for…

It fails to offer credible reference / definition for…

credible可信的 vs creditable 值得赞扬的

It can largely direct/ lead the result to other paths

*It is awkward in serving as a key.

# 后果很严重

（ individual ） / （ society/ system ）

Inevitable —it is inevitable that /…inevitably be not immune to @It will inevitably endanger/ jeopardize both the individual… and the whole society/ industry/ system.

@The negative consequences of…would turn out to be infectious to all aspect of … 赔了媳妇又折兵

@It will make things worse off, rather than bringing benefits.

@The disadvantages far outweigh the advantages.

* #disadvantage =====the potential uncertainties and risks, * #advantages ====the possible solutions and opportunities.

@The possible solutions and opportunities brought about by this proposal are far outweighed by the potential uncertainties and risks.

@The predicable misleading and confusion incurred by this definition/ conclusion can largely any possible guidance and reference it

收录自新东方托福班讲义。

offers.

@It will mess up …

@it will inevitably mislead… 影响负面深远

@*It runs the risk of driving …to a dead end

necessary/

significant to…

@ *trade…

Trade A for B ( A>B)

☆We are trading everything for nothing.

☆We are trading our unique features for something in common.

☆Wpresent/ short-term benefits.

run the risk of being messed up.

@ once … goes out of control/ …goes too far, Pandora‘s box would hence

open.

For

# 这样很好 （本性使然）

… is blessed with an/a advantage/merit/genius in …./that

# 这是不可避免的

@ as a part of life,…

@as an essential element of our everyday experience,

@ … as it stands, has becoming an integral part of …

@as an essential element of our everyday experience, … is exerting profound positive and negative influence on almost every aspect of our life.

@As a mainstream of …., …is excreting unrelenting influence on almost every aspect of…

# 这样做可行且运转良好

@ the feasibility / viability of … guarantees a smooth operation

# 如果这样，结果诱人

@ it will benefit both the individual and the whole system …., boosting…..and…will thereafter be enhanced ….

收录自新东方托福班讲义。

# if 这样，一定会忽视，忽略，做不到…., 但是被忽视的部分/东西无关紧要 # 应该这样，因为这样做不仅有益，而且无害。

※The existence/ advance of A does not act/ serve as a terminator for

B

※A is a boon/ godsend which contributes to , rather than a disaster/

catastrophe that terminate/ spoil

As is often the case, the approach to/ the access to / the channel to success has been concerned to a point where a wide discuss has aroused. + Some people hold that no one can get achievements

范文1：

ISSUE 235: 11. "All nations should help support the development of a global university designed to engage students in the process of solving the world's most persistent social problems." 所有的国家都应该支持发展一所全球性的大学，它的主要目的是要让学生们致力于解决世界上最难缠的社会问题。 全球化问题之全球解难大学

too many social problems we suffer no single nation can tackle with ease, which makes a university on global scale be proposed as a solution. a global university be awkward in serving as a key.

It would be almost a mission impossible for all nations with a diversified cultures, values and religions to overcome countless impediments and minimize respective demands and requirements to sustain certain common benefits, let alone those who are in state of war. Query whether all sides can cooperate smoothly, given that they can reach an agreement in supporting such a complex global project. (Even if all nations reach an agreement, whether they can cooperate smoothly is still vulnerable to question.)

A second problem inherited in a global university is that the globalization runs the risk of some special features of a university.

收录自新东方托福班讲义。

Every detail involved in teaching will therefore be unfortunately standardized for compromised indicators. Students varying in personalities and backgrounds will inevitably share similar class and thereafter form similar ways of reasoning. A university lacking in unique academic features professors and exporting outstanding graduates. The case of Harvard, like many other universities with their own academic style which have raised a group of famous people who have devoted a lot to our society, can substantiate my claim from the opposite side. It would be unwarranted, sometimes even dangerous to solely count on those graduates from global universities offering solutions for the toughest social problems. headache for every government. The solutions for such problems require the combination How can standardized solutions and global theories deal with the most complicated social problems? A global university, can only offer theoretical support.

To sum up, the predictable uncertainties and troubles brought about by a global university universities keep their unique academic styles.

范文2：

ISSUE31 51. "Education will be truly effective only when it is specifically

designed to meet the individual needs and interests of each student."

教育只有被专门设计来满足每一个学生个人需求和兴趣的时候才是真正有效率的。

As is often the case, the conventional teacher-centered education, which proves account for the individuality of each student. education system,the individual needs and interests and the education be switched to a student-oriented channel. But a specifically designed education for the needs and interests of each individual,complicated problems, is doomed to be awkward in serving as a key.(Yet sedulously catering

Under many circumstances, Interests and needs *are accepted as the effective motivations which our study, making us highly in thinking and researching. In traditional education system, students passively accept what teacher tells and what text book writes. Their individual interests are hence, talents unfortunately . Learning is no more than a process of

收录自新东方托福班讲义。

Showing respect to individual needs and interests exploring students’ potential, which contributes to inspiring subject initiatives, internalizing what they have learnt in class, guiding the students make judgments and decisions independently . failed in most of the school exams but won most of the battles in life. He was fancy for military affairs, politics, literature, and painting. It was his interests that accomplished a greatest Prime Minister, a winner of Nobel Literature Prize in 1953, an outstanding painter. (AND OR ―,‖)

The inherited nature of a specifically designed education poses many problems that +Our teaching resources can not possibly afford such anconsiderate education system for everyone. #It would be a mission impossible for any nation or group to convert our education on any level into a real customized system. #1 million Students with various personalities and features have at least *1 million expectations over their education. the students’ interests and needs are . Trying to students’ frequently changed hobbies will mess up our education. #Some factors such as age, surroundings, accumulation of knowledge and life experience are In this case, students’ interests are changing all the way. students’ unreasonable desires much in how quick it follows the demands as in how effective it offers proper guidance.

An education the individual needs and interests will inevitably overlook some invaluable elements that make a complete and healthy person. The very essence of our education at any level lies in the development of personality of the individual and the significance of life to oneself and to others. This is the basic architecture in making a complete person, and the rest is merely ornamentation or decoration.

收录自新东方托福班讲义。

To sum up, It’s essential for educators to carefully analyze the features of students and classify the students into groups according to their needs and interests. are also responsible for adjusting themselves to the education they receive.

范文3：

ISSUE6 P2 26. "Most people would agree that buildings represent a valuable record of any society's past, but controversy arises when old buildings stand on ground that modern planners feel could be better used for modern purposes. In such situations, modern development should be given precedence over the preservation of historic buildings so that contemporary needs can be served." 大多数人都同意一个社会的建筑物代表了它有价值的历史纪录，但是当现代规划者们觉得这些以前的建筑物所占据的土地可以被更有价值的使用于新目的时，就产生了争议，现代发展应该比保留历史建筑物更受重视以便于满足眼下的需求。 过去和现在之建筑物

a variety of cities all over the world preserve the old, historic buildings. the land could be better used by some modern purposes and that our contemporary needs

收录自新东方托福班讲义。

placing modern development before historic buildings. In weighing up both the prospective benefits and potential risks, I side on the opposite and reckon that it is historic buildings that should be preserved in adequate/proper manners and that giving modern development precedence over the preservation of historic buildings *does not serve as the exclusive prerequisite for contemporary needs.

Modules

historic buildings, + The history of passed glory and darkness, rises and falls, reflected by historic buildings, reminds us of our past, and who we really are. The historic buildings, in this sense, serve as indispensable elements

those buildings with historical values, such as the Louver Palace, the Forbidden City and the Webster minister Lobby are invaluable treasures, for the reason that they symbolize and they

/ that compose . the preservation of historic buildings is of great significance, which guarantees our virtues, passed , / everlasting.

The historic buildings with graceful outlooks, unique styles and wonderful designs attract thousands and millions of tourists all over the world, which, promoting the advance of local economy, the communication among cultures. What's more the reputation of a society is thereafter enhanced.这里的boosting是状语？？成分

historic buildings and modern buildings are not 2 mutually exclusive matters. As a matter of fact, the former and the latter can co-exist in a harmonious way. The red walls and the golden roofs of the Forbidden City, and the glass walls and the multifunctional roofs of the buildings with historical values can also satisfying contemporary demands. the preservation of historic buildings and modern development are compatible elements. The former is where our roots attach and the latter is

收录自新东方托福班讲义。

范文4：

Issue 147 P31 167. "It is impossible for an effective political leader to tell the truth all the time. Complete honesty is not a useful virtue for a politician." 对于一个英明的政治领导者来说，总是坦白是不可能的。彻底的诚实对于一个政治家来说是无用的美德。

领导者问题常用思路

*******************************************************************************

一个很adj.的领袖（*political） 必须/应该做到/ 具备…

1 leaders—what?

--group + complicated

2 这么做/要这样

有一定道理—but * --should not go too far

3. be a/an(effective) leader

leader—what?—er –human –humane

--what should be done?

--is that the only prerequisite?

4. 反向的/没有那么做的方面的意义

收录自新东方托福班讲义。

--significance

--benefits

*******************************************************************************

Traps:

Can not tell the truth all the time ≠ often tell lies

Effective political leader≠ a leader who always tell lies

…. not being truthful over everything

+ in some cases, / on certain occasions,

avoid telling the truth an effective strategy which can avoid troubles,

+My position—不？ or 要？

the

CS1 Political leader—what? * in most cases,

◆ *represents the political or national level. CS2 Can not tell the truth all the time ≠ often tell lies

◆ Although a political leader can not possibly be

CS3 Effective political leader—what makes?

human

◆ An effective political leader*should be at first a person of integrity. *wining over

the heart of the people is *the for wining elections.

CS4

Complete honesty—not useful virtue—really?

Virtue—what?—useful?

◆ Being honest is*an ethical bottom-line for every social member.

*ethical bottom-line

*legal principles

*basic laws of nature

CS1

Critical thinking:

★ Political leader—what?

★ It is impossible for an effective political leader to tell the truth all the time

—why can’t all the time?

—Impossible--really?

是什么

◆

As is often the case, a political leader who serves as a key person at a key slot,

收录自新东方托福班讲义。

complicated and tough political affairs of the party/nation

conflict among interest groups

environment

represents the group interests on a political or national level. Opening the truth

*Runs the risk of

Causing Bringing irreversible lost

Triggering fierce conflict or even

Staining’s even the party’s

Political leaders, under certain circumstances, have to speaking out the truth. . Ronald Reagan

—the third class actor in Hollywood

—the first class political leader in the U.S

Arms race—Soviet Union—heavy burden in economy—the Space War

The whole country went bankruptcy

—disintegrate

Franklin Roosevelt

--conceal the intelligence about the Japanese attack against the Pearl

Harbor

CS2 不可过分

Can not tell the truth all the time≠often tell lies

★ If hard to tell the truth Then how to handle it?

◆ Although a political leader can not possibly be forthright over everything, they are

not justified to tell lies. Over some problems which are sensitive and tough, a leader can

◇Conceal the truth for some time and expose it when situation allows

◇Keep silent

◇Omit the most sensitive parts and open the rest, manage to find proper solution

lead to Cheating is not a sound political strategy. Distrust

Hatred Eg. Richard Nixon

—the Water Gate—tap the phone--cheating Bill Clinton

收录自新东方托福班讲义。

—sex scandal—impeachment—lying

CS3 应该如何

Effective political leaders≠Professional cheaters

★ Effective political leader—what makes?

◆ An effective political leader should be at first a person of integrity, wining over the heart of the people is a prerequisite for wining elections.

Being less-than-truthful with the public might*be effective in the short term, while in the long run, the absence in creditability will, of course, result in the forfeiture of the leadership.

Reliable

— Trustworthy Flexible Impartial

A sense of responsibility

An insightful understanding

A strong ability in organizing

Courage

◇Unite different political groups

◇Achieve political goals

◇Go through great difficulties

*Successful political leaders are effective in converting tribulations into benefits.

☆ When the goings gets tough, the toughs get going.

Eg. Winton Churchill—taking great risks

never, never give up

John .F. Kennedy—Unite the Americans in his way

CS4. Virtue

Complete honesty

—not a useful virtue—really?

◆ for Attitude toward life Basic standard

Self respect and the respect toward others

making a person.

+ 如果这样，… 就…

Are trust worthy

Can better represent the people

Are effective in gaining support

Are respected by the public

in life.

An absolute honest record a mission impossible though the complicated and cruel

收录自新东方托福班讲义。

political games make, complete honesty serves as an ultimate principle for both the republicans and the democrats, it is virtue.

Conclusion…

2月24总结

模块 而非 模板

1．Proposal:

For:

1. It has a profound positive influence on…

2. It can largely enhance…

3. It can benefit both the individual… and the society/ system/industry

4. It is effective in serving as akey.

5. It can do some help in….

Against:

1. It has negative influence on…

2. It can make things worse off rather than bring benefits.

3. It runs the risk of driving… to a dead end.

4. It is awkward in serving as a key.

2. 破题过程中经常出现的矛盾关系：

短期vs 长远：

At present/ In short term, … might be effective, while in the long run, it would turn out to be disastrous.

单一 vs 多样：

1. It would be a big headache/It would be almost a mission impossible for ....with

diversified.... to achieve / sustain / follow certain common.../ a single ...

2．It would be a great misleading to try to define ....which features in many forms and is possible to alter under many realities with merely one....

简单 vs 复杂

收录自新东方托福班讲义。

The most complicated which involves/ requires/ demands a combination of all efforts is largely degraded/ simplified to...

不变 vs 万变

In some cases,/ on certain occasions, ...might be effective/ beneficial, while under many other circumstances, ... runs the risk of messing up.... / driving ...to a dead end

理论 vs 实践

Theoretically,...is acceptable,/ is sounded, while in practice,/ in reality, it would be awkward in serving as a key/ it would make things worse off rather than bringing benefits.

良性建议模块

1.类型特点

should 话题 (良性建议类)

题型特点：

若要得到美好结果/避免大的问题，就应当

Tip1要解决的问题往往庞大复杂

Tip2 解决方案通常片面甚至偏激（二合为一，复杂问题被简化）

Tip3 解决方案可行性有时欠佳(质疑可行性)

Tip4 建议或解决方案不设上限（如果过多会很严重）

Tip5 解决方案通常无效（unwarranted even dangerous） 思路

# 先让步—--这样有一定道理 (有保留，含蓄)

限制级合理性(Heading or Body1)

--relatively

--somewhat --to some extent

--in some cases,

--on certain occasions,

--under certain circumstances,

合理性源于目标的速求，解释目标

（从 what—--待达成/解决的目标本身发掘理由）

--what is culture

--what is national government

--what is leader

--what is tradition

--what is education

收录自新东方托福班讲义。

得出复杂

※因为 很复杂（大）--complicated

--tough

--sophisticated

因此有理

所以这样做有一定道理—strategy

--channel 渠道

--solution

--a way out

*Mode for heading—Proposal

因为艰难所以有所需

!as is know to all

In recent years,… is tough/difficult / serious to a point where people can not

tackle it with ease, which makes … be proposed as a solution.

+

In weighing up both the prospective benefits and potential risks, however, I reckon that 题目中的解决方案, as many other simple solutions to some most complicated problems, would be awkward in serving as a key.

*Modes for body

# 再反对—质疑解决方案的可行性良性建议，首先可行性

--is that feasible?

※ the feasibility of is open to question

※ the /inherited nature of such a solution/ proposal/ suggestion poses

some problems that hinder the blueprint of from being converted into

reality

※ the /inherited nature of such a solution/ proposal/ suggestion poses

some problems that make such a proposal rest on the blueprint

+可能出现的矛盾

！理论对实践最常见的不可行原因

Theoretically sounded as /it is, in practice the impediments that are

expected to encounter, such as A, B, C and D（可能出现的阻碍）, are fatal elements that make the feasibility of this suggested solution vulnerable to any possible challenge or question.

************************************************************************** 短期vs 长远：

At present/ In short term, … might be effective, while in the long run, it would turn out

to be disastrous.

单一 vs 多样：

1. It would be a big headache/It would be almost a mission impossible for ....with

diversified.... to achieve / sustain / follow certain common.../ a single ...

2．It would be a great misleading to try to define ....which features in many forms and is

possible to alter under many realities with merely one....

简单 vs 复杂

The most complicated which involves/ requires/ demands a combination of all efforts

收录自新东方托福班讲义。

is largely degraded/ simplified to...

不变 vs 万变

In some cases,/ on certain occasions, ...might be effective/ beneficial, while under many

other circumstances, ... runs the risk of messing up.... / driving ...to a dead end

理论 vs 实践

Theoretically,...is acceptable,/ is sounded, while in practice,/ in reality, it would be

awkward in serving as a key/ it would make things worse off rather than bringing

benefits.

************************************************************************** +

/ 单一对多样

+

Eg. 引出例子 ,for example,

# the case of / the personal experience of can serve as an example

/evidence that can substantiate/ solidify / bolster /support my claim

(that )

“半分离”式的例子 ，下面在简单说一下上面“简单”提到的例子

# lend credible support to the claim that (the feasibility/ viability

is open to question).

+ (optional)

再举一个例子

The case of / the personal experience of can be raised（及物） as another

example that can strengthen the view point (and it is the most evident in / under the circumstance of )

# 再反对—质疑解决方案的唯一性 （大道至简）

※切断解决方案与目标之联系

In addition, there is no point to claim that（北美最常用）

unexceptionally serves as the *exclusive prerequisite（无一例外的

可以作为） for

+

--冲击定义和解决方案间的联系

other factors

※ significant solution

strategy

approach

channel

though is, it can never overshadow/omit the effectiveness of many

other access

+

--冲淡定义和解决方案间的联系

※Other ways out/solutions/ possibilities/ approaches/ strategies such

as A, B,C and D are significant factors that should not be overlooked.

※ Some solutions such as A, B, C and D are also indispensable elements

收录自新东方托福班讲义。

that play decisive roles in achieving/accomplishing/ making

+

In this case/In this sense, there exists no direct causal relation between the former and the latter

# 继续反对—质疑解决方案的效用

--再次强调问题/主题的复杂性，艰巨性

※ The most complicated task of which involves a mixture of solutions ※ The most complicated problem of , whose solution requires/demands a

combination of efforts

※ The most complicated art of , which concerns a series of indispensable

episodes,

+

is largely/ unfortunately degraded/simplified to a point where serve

as a most approved choice.

+

The effectiveness and efficiency of such proposal would be thereby

minimized while risks maximized.

+

--进一步反对—如果go too far, 后果严重

※If/ once too much emphasis is placed on .., .. will run the risk of being messed up. ※ once … goes out of control/ …goes too far, Pandora‘s box would hence open.

--赔了媳妇儿又折兵

※It will make things worse off, rather than bringing benefits.

※The possible solutions and opportunities brought about by this proposal are far

outweighed by the potential uncertainties and risks.

※The predicable misleading and confusion incurred by this definition/ conclusion can largely rule out any possible guidance and reference it offers.

※It will mess up …

※it will inevitably mislead…

※ it/, which will inevitably run the risk of making thing worse off rather

than bringing benefits.

※ it/, which will not be immune to the risk of messing up.

--如果不这样，可能会好些

--这样做，会忽略X , 但是 X 很重要

※ The last thing we are striving for is unfortunately the most necessary/ significant

to…

※trade A for B

☆We are trading everything for nothing. ☆We are trading our unique features for something in common. ☆We are trading the possibility of sustainable development for the reality of present/ short-term benefits.

# 人的因素 （op） tendency

收录自新东方托福班讲义。

Different people have different opinions towards different things.

People varying in personalities as well as backgrounds have diversified tendencies in turning to solutions /access to the same problem.

# 良性建议

To guarantee a healthy . / sustainable development ., it is essential for .

to .

******************************************************************************

A is B

* A is B ( B= n.—function)

= A serves as B

Class serves as media. Books serve as reference. * A is B ( B=n. / adj.)

= A is accepted / proved/ acknowledged as B

= A is accepted / proved/ acknowledged to be B

******************************************************************************

*Mode for ending

To sum up,

+

the predictable uncertainties and troubles brought about by far outweigh the opportunities and possible solutions it might offer.

+

What is more, it's essential for universities

偏倚话题

A>B模块组A is more … than B话题

A>B (偏倚) 表述

emphasize vs emphasis

analyze analysis

advise advice * more emphasis should be placed on A, rather than B

* A overshadows B

* A outweighs B = B is outweighed by A

* A should be given more precedence over B / We should give A more precedence over B

Heading

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