2018年中考英语试题分类专题12补全对话及短文填空词或句子或语法填空含解析

2018年中考英语试题分类专题

专题12 补全对话及短文填空（词或句子）或语法填空

1.【2018年江西中考】请先阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后用方框中所给词的适当形式填空,并将答案填写到答题卡的相应位置。每个词限用一次。

know life different back and interesting sign real find they

The planet Mars is the closest and most similar planet to Earth. It is very___24___to scientists. For example, Mars has seasons with___25___weather, but other planets have the same temperatures all year round. Was there___26___on Mars?

To find out, scientists need___27___if Mars ever had water. In 2004. two robot explores (探测器), or 'rovers', called Spirit and Opportunity were sent to look for___28___of water. These rovers can drive over rocks___29___all kind of rough ground. They can also use cameras and send photos___30___ to Earth. First, the two rovers found chemicals and patterns (图文) in the rocks that were probably made by water. Then, they moved to another area and___31___other rocks which may have been created by water. Now scientists think there was probably water on the planet long ago. Today ___32___are still not sure if there was life on the mars. They___33___need more information to decide. The discoveries of the two rovers answered some old questions, but they also brought up many new ones.

【答案】24. interesting 25. different

26. life 27. to know 28. signs 29. and 30. back 31. found 32. they 33. really

24. 句意：这对科学家来说是非常有趣的。very非常，副词修饰形容词；根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填interesting。

25. 句意：火星有不同天气的季节，但其他行星全年都有相同的温度。weather天气，名词需用形容词修饰；根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填different。

1

2018年中考英语试题分类专题

26. 句意：火星上有生命吗？there be结构遵循就近原则，was后接单数名词。根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填life。

27. 句意：为了找到答案，科学家们需要知道火星是否有水。need需要，用于肯定句时多是实义动词，有need to do结构。根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填to know。

28. 句意：2004年，两个名为“精神与机遇”的机器人探索器，或“漫游者”被派去寻找水的迹象。根据of所有格结构和英文提示，可知填signs。

29. 句意：这些流浪者可以驾驶岩石和各种粗糙的地面。rocks和rough ground是并列关系，需要and连接；根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填and。

30. 句意：他们还可以使用相机和照片发送回地球。send back to送回某个地方；根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填back。

31. 句意：然后，他们搬到另一个地区，发现了其他可能是由水造成的岩石。and连接并列结构，根据句意结构，可知缺动词，结合时态和英文提示，故填found。

32. 句意：今天他们仍然不确定火星上是否有生命。本句缺主语，根据句意结构和英文提示，可知scientists需用they替代，故填they。

33. 句意：他们真的需要更多的信息来决定。need需要，动词需用副词修饰；根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填really。

2.【2018年江西中考】请先阅读下面短文,掌握其大意然后根据短文内容从下面方框内的七个选项中选择五个还原到文中,使短文意思通顺、结构完整,并在答题卡上将其序号涂黑。

Is there a connection between music and language? According to recent studies, the answer is yes: ___49___Here, we look at two examples

A recent study by researcher Kraus shows that playing a musical instrument can improve a person's hearing ability.___50___The people in the first group were musicians, while those in the second group had no musical training. The musicians were able to hear the talking person more clearly.

___51___Think about violinists in an orchestra (管弦乐团). When the violinists play with the group, they hear their own instrument and many others, too. But the violinists must listen closely to what they are playing, and pay no attention to the other sounds. In this way, musicians are able to focus on certain sounds, even in a room with lots of noise.

Schlaug, a doctor at Harvard Medical School, works with stroke (中风) patients. Because of their illness, these people cannot say their names, addresses, or other information normally.

2

2018年中考英语试题分类专题

However, they can still sing.___52___Why does this work? Schlaug isn't sure. Music seems to make different parts of the brain work, including the damaged (损坏的) parts. This might help patients to use that part of the brain again.

Music improves concentration (注意力), memory, listening skills, and our overall language abilities.___53___Playing an instrument or singing can help us do better in school and keep our brain sharp (敏锐的) as we get older. Music is not only enjoyable, it's also good for us in many other ways.

A. It can even help sick people get better. B Music helps people solve some hearing problems.

C. Music improves certain language abilities in the brain. D. The violinists develop their memories by playing the violin.

E Musicians hear better because they learn to pay attention to certain sounds. F. Schlaug was surprised to find that singing words helped his patients to speak. G. In his study two groups of people listened to a person talking in a noisy room. 【答案】49. C 50. G 51. E 52. F 53. A

【解析】试题分析：本文是一篇议论文，谈论的是音乐和语言之间的联系。结果表明，演奏乐器可以提高一个人的听力能力，甚至能帮助生病的人变得更好。

49. 根据开头Is there a connection between music and language? According to recent studies, the answer is yes，结合Here, we look at two examples可知备选句子Music improves certain language abilities in the brain.是对前文的解释，符合句意，故选C。

50. 根据第二段A recent study by researcher Kraus shows that playing a musical instrument can improve a person's hearing ability.，可知备选句子In his study two groups of people listened to a person talking in a noisy room.符合句意，故选G。

51. 根据A recent study by researcher Kraus shows that playing a musical instrument can improve a person's hearing ability.，可知演奏乐器可以提高人的听力能力。备选句子中，Musicians hear better because they learn to pay attention to certain sounds.符合句意，故选E。

52. 根据The musicians were able to hear the talking person more clearly.，可知音乐家们听到更好的声音是因为他们学会了注意某些声音。备选句子Schlaug was surprised to find that singing words

3

2018年中考英语试题分类专题

helped his patients to speak.符合句意，故选F。

点睛：完成短文，要求根据上下文运用合适的句子填空，使句意通顺、前后连贯。重在考查学生对所学语言的综合运用能力和对文段的理解判断能力。本题难度不大，只要把握好上下句的意思和关系，正确作答是不成问题的。

3.【2018年江西中考】补全对话

请阅读下面对话,根据对话内容从方框中选择恰当的句子填入空白处,使对话通顺、合理，意思完整,并在答题卡上将其序号涂黑。

(Sandra and Luke plan their trip to Cape Town. S=Sandra L=Luke) S:OK,that' s the flight(航班).Let’s look for a hotel now.___54___

L: Three nights--Friday, Saturday and Sunday. Are there any hotels near the airport?

S: Yes, there are. But they are expensive. Just a minute… no, there aren't any cheap hotels near the airport. They are all expensive. ___55___

L: Wow! Well, what about a youth hostel(青年旅社)? Is there a youth hostel near the airport? S: OK, let's see. I don't think so no, there isn't. I don't like youth hostels. ___56___ L: OK. Let’s look in the city centre. Are there any cheap hotels there? S: Yes, of course there are

L: Well, that's good. And is there a bus to the city centre?

S: A bus from the airport? Yes, there is. ___57___ There isn't a train, but that's OK. L: And there are taxis, too.

S: ___58___ OK, so let's look at these hotels. A. I think the bus is fine. B. We need a room for two. C. Do you like a youth hostel? D. Is it for two nights or three? E. They aren't very comfortable. F. There's a bus every twenty minutes.

4

2018年中考英语试题分类专题

G. This one is four hundred dollars a night. 【答案】54. D 55. G 56. E 57. F 58. A

【解析】试题分析：本文是桑德拉和卢克计划去开普敦旅行的对话，就住什么样的旅馆两人进行了商讨，最后决定坐公交去市中心看一看。

54. 根据S的话Let’s look for a hotel now.，结合下文L的说法Three nights，可知他们在商议需住几夜。备选句子中，Is it for two nights or three?符合句意，故选D。

55. 根据S的回答But they are expensive.，它们很贵，they代指上文的hotel，可知This one is four hundred dollars a night.符合句意，故选G。

56. 根据S的态度I don't like youth hostels.，可知后面需要解释原因。备选句子They aren't very comfortable.符合句意，故选E。

57. 根据S的回答A bus from the airport? Yes, there is.，可知这里有机场巴士，空白处正好是对机场巴士的详细说明。备选句子中There's a bus every twenty minutes.符合句意，故选F。

58. 根据短文内容，前面提到巴士和出租车，后文提到商议宾馆的事情，可知他们对于出行达成了共识。备选句子中，I think the bus is fine.符合句意，故选A。

4.【2018年内蒙古包头市中考】阅读下面短文,根据首字母、音标以及语境的提示在空白处填入适当的单词(1个单词);或根据汉语意思的提示,在空白处填入适当的短语,使短文语意连贯,意思完整。

Kate and Dick were classmates. They ___56___ (相处) well with each other and later fell in love. After getting m___57___ , they found it difficult to ___58___ (谋生).

Finally, they decided ___59___ run a small restaurant near the railway station. The restaurant often stayed o___60___ until after midnight, because people came to drink there while they were ___61___ (等待) trains.

At two o'clock one morning, ___62___ man was still sitting at a table in the restaurant. He was ___63___ [?'sli:p]. Kate wanted to go to bed. She looked at the table several times, and each time the man was still there. Then, ___64___ (最终) she went to her h___65___ and said to him, \talked to that man three times, and he isn't drinking any more. ___66___ haven't you sent him away? After ___67___ , it's so late.\

\

5

本文来源：https://www.bwwdw.com/article/m1gt.html