小升初英语语法时态讲解与归纳汇总

小升初英语语法时态讲解与归纳汇总一般现在时

一. 意义：表示经常发生的事情，动作或存在的状态

二. 构成及变化

1.be动词的变化。

肯定句：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。

否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。

一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.

特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?

2. 行为动词的变化。

当主语为第一，二人称及复数时，助动词为do

肯定句：主语+动词原形(+其它)。如：We often play basketball after school.

否定句：主语+ don't+动词原形(+其它)。如：we don’t play basketball after school.

一般疑问句：Do +主语+动词原形+其它?

如：Do you often play basketball after school l? Yes, we do. / No, we don't.

特殊疑问句：疑问词+以do开头的一般疑问句?

如：What do you often do after school ?

当主语为第三人称单数时,助动词为does

肯定句：主语+动词三单式(+其它)。如：He swims well.

否定句：主语+ doesn’t+动词原形(+其它)。如：He doesn’t swim well..

一般疑问句：Does +主语+动词原形+其它。

如：Does he swim well ? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't.

特殊疑问句：疑问词+以does开头的一般疑问句?

如：How does your father go to work?

三.第三人称单数的动词变化规则(只有在第三人称为主语的肯定句中，动词才用三单式)

(1)多数动词直接加s:runs gets likes collets takes plays climbs…….

(2)结尾是s, x, sh, ch, o,前为辅音字母,

结尾加es :watches teaches goes does washes crosses mixes brushes

(3)动词末尾y前为辅音:将y改为i加es: study→studies fly→flies carry→carries

cry→cries

但在y前如果为元音则直接加s:buys says

四.时间标志：always , usually , often , sometimes ,every…

现在进行时

一.意义——当表示现在正在进行的动作或正在发生的事。

二.构成:be (am, is ,are )+动词现在分词-ing形式

肯定句：主语+ be + 现在分词V-ing (+ 其他) I’m doing my homework now .

否定句：主语+be+not+动词-ing +其他. I’m not doing my homework now.

一般疑问句：Be+主语+动词-ing +其他?

Are you doing your home work now? Yes, I am . No , I’m not .

特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+主语+动词-ing+其他?What are you doing now ?

三. 现在分词的构成：

(1)一般在动词末尾直接加ing,

(2)以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e,再加ing，

如skate →skating make →making dance → dancing write → writing have → having

ride → riding come → coming

(3)以重读闭音节结尾的动词，中间只有一个元音字母，词尾只有一个辅音字母，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing, 如：putting running beginning stopping swimming shopping jogging

sitting getting forgetting letting

四.时间标志——now，句前的look ,listen

一般过去时

一.意义:表示过去某个时间发生的事情或存在的状态.

二.构成及变化

1. Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：

am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not=wasn’t)

are在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=weren’t)

带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was 或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。

2.行为动词在一般过去时中的变化：

肯定句：主语+ 动词的过去式.I watched a film last Sunday .

否定句：主语+ didn’t + 动词原形.I didn’t watch a film last Sunday .

一般疑问句：Did + 主语+ 动词原形?

Did you watch a film last Sunday ? Yes, I did . No , I didn’t .

特殊疑问句：疑问词+ 以did 开头的一般疑问句?What did you do last Sunday ?

三、时间标志：

yesterday,

yesterday morning (afternoon, evening…)

last night (week, month, year…),

a moment ag o , a week ago, three years ago…

一般将来时

一.意义:

表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或重复发生的动作。

二. 构成及变化：

一般将来时常用的两种结构

be going to+动词原形: 表示打算、准备做的事或即将发生或肯定要发生的事。

shall/will+动词原形: 表示将要发生的动作或情况，没有太多的计划性, 还用来表示意愿

1. be going to +动词原形

1.肯定句主语+be(am /,is,/ are) going to +动词原形+其它成份

My sister is going to learn English next year. 我姐姐准备明年学英语。

2.否定句主语+be(am / is / are)not going to +动词原形+其它成份

I am not going to(go to)the cinema tonight. 我今天晚上不打算去看电影。

3.一般疑问句Be (am / is / are)+主语+going to+动词原型+其它成份…?

Is your father going to play basketball with you ?No , he isn’t.你父亲打算和你去打篮球吗?不。

4.特殊疑问句特殊疑问词(Wh-)+一般疑问句?

Where are you going to spend Spring Fesital.? 春节你打算在哪过?

5.注意: be going to 结构后面习惯上不跟go ，come 等表位移的动词，一般用该动词的进行时形式表示。如: He’s going to New Yor k next week.下周他要去纽约.

2.will /shall +动词原形

(在书面语中，主语是第一人称时，常用shall ,在口语中，所有人称都可以用will)

1.肯定句主语+will/shall+动词原形+其它成份

I (shall) write to him next week. 下周我将给他写信。

2.否定句主语+ will /shall+ not + 动词原形+其它成份

They won’t watch TV this evening.今天晚上他们不看电视。

3.一般疑问句will/shall+主语+动词原形+其它成份

Will you stay at home with us tomorrow ? 明天你和我们呆在家里好吗?

4.特殊疑问句特殊疑问词(Wh-) +一般疑问句

When will your father be back? 你爸爸什么时侯回来?

三、附:Shall I /we …常用来征求对方意见，而问对方是否愿意，或者表示客气的邀请，常用Will you…?他们的回答比较灵活。

1.Shall we go to the park ?

肯定Sure , let’s go .否定No , let’s go to the cinema.

2.Will you please come to my birthday party next week ?

肯定Yes, I will. / Sure .否定I’m sorry. I’m afraid I can’t.

四、时间标志：tomorrow , soon ,next Monday , next year , next weekend , this afternoon , this evening …… just now,

班级：学号：姓名：

1、他不高。

——————————————————————————————————

3、我们晚上经常看电视。

——————————————————————————————————

8、汤姆正在公园里跑步。

——————————————————————————————————

11、他们在干什么？——————————————————————————————————

15、他们将去哪里游泳？——————————————————————————————————

17、我们将去溜冰。——————————————————————————————————

练习题：

一、用动词的正确形式填空

1. I ________ (do) my homework every evening.

2. We _______ (fly) kites in the park on Sundays.

3. My mother _____________ (clean) our room on Sundays.

4. Tom ____________(play) the piano every Saturday. Now he____________ (play).

5. She ___________(like) swimming. She _____________ (swim) this weekend.

6. Usually my mother _______________ (wash) the dishes after lunch. But my grandma _____________ (wash) today.

7. Look at the man! He ____________ (read) a magazine.

8. Look! The plane ______________ (fly) over the building.

9. Listen! My aunt ______________ (sing) in the room.She is a singer. She

__________ (like) singing. She _____________(have) a music show. She is excited.

10. Tom and Mike always ______________ (swim) in the river. They ___________ (swim) in the swimming pool this Sunday. Look! They ________________ (swim).

11. What ____ you usually ______ (do) in the evening? I ______ (play) computer games.

12. What _______ you _______ (do) now? I __________ (make) a paper plane.

13. What _______ he _______ (do)? He _____________ (dance).

14. What _______ she ______ (do) yesterday? She ______ (visit) her grandparents.

15. ______ your mother ______ (read) newspaper in the morning? Yes, She

________ .

16. _______ you _______ (like) fishing? No, I ______ . I like __________ (swim), but my brother ___________ (like).

17. How ______ your father _______ (go) to work every day? He _________ (go) by bike. But it’s cold today. He ___________ (take) the No.21 bus,, and he

____________ (go) to work by taxi yesterday.

18. _______ the monkey _______ (like) climbing trees? Yes, it _______ .

19. What _______ your father ______ (do) after lunch? He _______ (read) a comic book. What _____ he _______(do) today? He _______ (clean) the kitchen for my grandma. Look! He (clean).

20. ________ you ______ (collect) stamps? Yes. I _______ . ________ your brother ______ (collect), too? No, he ________ .

二、选择题

1. _____ he _____ to the park at 6:30 in the morning? No,he _____ .

A. Does; goes; does

B. Does; go; doesn’t

C. Does; go; does

2. What colour _____ you _____ this bookcase? I _____ it pink.

A. are; going to paint; am going to paint

B. do; paint; paint

C. did; paint;

painted

3. Tim always _____ a picture at home. He _____ a car now.

A. draws; is drawing

B. draw; draw

C. draws; draw

4. She usually _____ her friends. They often _____ tea.

A. see; drink

B. sees; drinks

C. sees; drink

5. He usually _____ the dishes at night, but tonight he _____ clothes.

A. wash; wash

B.washes; is going to wash

C. is washing; washes

6. Mr. Green usually _____ his newspaper in the evening, but he and his wife _____ television yesterday evening.

A.reads; watches

B.reads; is going to watch

C.reads; watched

7. Where are the man and the woman? They _____ near the tree.

A. sit

B. sat

C. are sitting

8. _____ your penpal _____ diving? No, he _____ .He ______ writing stories.

A. Does; like; doe sn’t; likes

B. Does; likes; doesn’t; like

C. Do; like; don’t; likes

9. _____ you _____ fishing yesterday? No, we _____ .

A. Does; go; doesn’t

B. Did; go; didn’t

C. Do; go; don’t

10. Open the window, Please. Look! He _____ it.

A. opens

B. is openning

C. is opening

11. I usually _____ some milk every day. But I _____ coffee yesterday.

A. drink; drank

B. is drinking; drink

C. drank; am drinking

12. Mr. Green often __ his newspapers at night. But he ___ an interesting book

tonight.

A. reads; reads

B. reads; read

C. reads; is going to read

13. The old man _____ playing sports in the park. He _____ morning exercise now.

A. likes; is doing

B. likes; does

C. like; doing

14. What _____ you usually _____ in the evening? I ______ computer games.

What _____ you _____ last night? I _____ a book.

A. do; do; play; did; do; read

B. did; do; played; do; do; read

C. does; do; plays; do; do; am reading

15. Where ______ the boy _____ ? He _____ across the river now.

A. does; swim; swims

B. is; swimming; is swimming D. is; swimming; is

swimming

16. _____ you _____ to music now? Yes, we _____ .

A. Do; listen; do

B. Did; listen; did

C. Are; listening; are

17. Put on you coat, please. OK. I ___ it on. A. am putting B. am going to put C. put

18. _____ you ______ coffee? Yes, I ______ .

A. Do; like; do

B. Did; like; did

C. Are; like; am

19. Look! Two cats ______ across the wall. A. run B. runs C. are running

20. She ____ tea, but he ___ . A. likes; doesn’t B; like; don’t C. like; doesn’t

21. ---How many ________ in the tree? ---There are two.

A. bird are ther

B. birds is ther

C. birds are there

D.birds are their

22.. Mr Johnson usually goes to the hospital ________.

A. by his car

B. by the black car

C. by car

D. by the new car

23. Does your brother play ping-pong __________?

A. on every afternoon

B. every afternoon

C. in every afternoon

D. at every afternoon

24. ________ do you usually come to school? A. How B. What C. Which D. How much

25. ---Don’t you usuall y come to school by bike? ---_________. But I sometimes walk.

A. Yes, I do

B. No, I don’t

C. Yes, I do

D. No, I don’t

26. What ____ Tom and his mother like ? A. does B. do C. is D. are

27. What’s your hobby? My hobby is ______ model plane.

A. making

B. make

C. making

D. made

28. ---Did you go to the park on Sunday morning? ---___, I went there in the afternoon.

A. Yes

B. No

C. Sure

D. Sorry

29. I don’t think he’s so great, but my mom _________. A. do B. does C. is D. are

30. A kid ______ bre akfast every morning, because it’s good for his health.

A. have to

B. has to

C. has to have

D. has to has

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