2009高考英语语法最后30天精讲精练

2009高考英语语法最后30天精讲精练

名词、数词、冠词

一、名词

1、在句子里使用名词应注意的问题：

名词的数：单数、复数和不可数； 名词的格：通格和属格 （‘s ）

名词的限定：特指、泛指、数量和习惯用法，即名词前加冠词或 其它限定词， 例如： some, many , this, my 等 2、名词的数和单位词： 1）复型名词 + 复数动词

The trousers are too big for me. Please show me the smaller pair. 备用词： shoes, stockings, glasses, socks

NOTICE: A pair of glasses costs quite a lot. 2）复型名词 + 单数动词

A. The news on TV is seldom satisfying.

备用词：mathematics, physics, politics, means, works, the United States B. Twenty miles is a long way to walk. 备用词： five pounds, two feet, six weeks 3) 集合名词 + 复数名词

The police have surrounded the building. Cattle are selling for record price (创记录）.

备用词： the enemy, (the) people

NOTICE: 表示由若干人组成的集合体的单数词常可作复数用，

但若把这个集合体看作整体就用作单数:

My family are wonderful. They do all they can for me.

The family which now consists of four members at most is smaller than it used to be. 4)不可数名词作可数的情况

A. 部分不可数名词可以有下列情况

a (an) + adj. + n.

It looks like rain. a thirsty for knowledge(求知欲） a heavy rain He has a good knowledge of politics. 备用词： snow, breakfast, wine, oil, education B.口语特例（特定场合） A (One) beer, please.

Two teas and four coffees, please. 5)既是可数又是不可数的名词

I broke a glass this morning. (杯子） Glass is made from sand. （玻璃）

备用词： paper / a paper, light(光) / a light(灯);

ice(冰) / an ice (冰激凌), chicken(鸡肉) / a chicken (雏鸡)

地址：山西省太原市和平南路45号英语周报社网络中心

电话：0351—6378335

1

6) 单位词 A.个数

a piece of information (furniture, advice…) B. 以形状表示个数

a grain of rice, a flight of stairs C. 容量

a box of matches, a cup of tea D. 计量

a metre of cloth, a ton of coal E.其它

a (new) set of tools (wires, teeth, rules)

3、名词的格： 1）’ s 的用法

A . 与时间有关的名词

a night’s sleep ten minutes’ walk NOTICE: a two-hour walk = two hours’walk B. 和else 连用

book can this be? A. Who else’s B. Whose else C. Who’s else D. Whose else’s (A) C. ?s 修饰的词，如果前面提到，可省略 This is Jack’s book, not Tom’s.

This book is Jack’s not Tom’s.

D. 表示店、铺、家、诊所等， ?s 后面的名词省略

at the Green’s (house), at the doctor’s (office)

2) OF 结构表示所有关系 A. 无生命的名词用of

the price of the success

B. 有生命的名词被一个短语或从句修饰而表示所有关系时用of Can’t you look at the book of the boy behind you?

3)双重所有格

?s 与of结构并用，此时of结构所修饰的名词前通常有a, an, two, some, that等 Miss Smith is a friend of Mary’s mother’s. that brother of the girl

4)名词 + 名词 （名词用作形容词）

A. 单数名词＋名词 a shoe (flower) shop ticket office NOTICE: the tailor’s (shop) B. 复数名词 ＋ 名词

sports meet clothes shop women pilots

地址：山西省太原市和平南路45号英语周报社网络中心

电话：0351—6378335

2

二、数词

1、数词在使用时应注意的问题：

? 易错数词： ? 年月日及介词 ? 计算用词

? 和数字相关的词 2、综合

1) 数字表达： 123,856,709

one hundred and twenty-three million, eight hundred and fifty-six thousand, seven hundred and nine

2) 年月日 in the morning; on the morning of September 1;

in September; in 1988; on September 1 (on the first of September) 3、计算

＋ Six and five is (are) eleven.

Six hundred plus forty is (equals) six hundred and forty. － Four from seven is (leaves) three.

Six hundred minus one hundred equals five hundred. X 16 x 11 = 176

Sixteen times eleven is (makes) one hundred and seventy-six. ÷ 9 ÷ 3 = 3

Nine divided by three equals three.

4、dozen, score

A. three dozen eggs; three dozen of these eggs; dozens of eggs

B. three score years; a (three) score of people; scores of times

5、小数，分数，百分比引导的短语作主语时的主谓一致问题．

分数和百分数引导的短语作主语，其谓语动词的数应根据分数和百分数后面的名词来确定．如果是可数名词的复数，其谓语动词用复数形式；如果是不可数名词或单数可数名词其谓语动词用单数形式．

More than 40 percent of the students wear glasses.

70 percent od the fund(资金) was supplied by the Government.

6、“一个半．．．”的表达法．

one pound and a half ,one and a half years 三、冠词

地址：山西省太原市和平南路45号英语周报社网络中心

电话：0351—6378335

3

１、冠词应注意的问题

? 习惯用法

? 同一名词前不同名词的比较

２、不定冠词

1) 成对的名词（此类名词间常有一种自然的联系）

a knife and fork

2) a most + n. ―非常― This is a most beautiful country. 3) a (an) 与 one 之区别

A. 数字对比用one It was one coffee we ordered, not two. B. 对比 A knife is no good. (刀子不行）

One knife is no good. (一把刀子不行） C. 通用 a (one) million, a (one) quarter

4) a (an) 与every 之比较: three times a year; twice every three years 5) 惯用法 A. What a surprise ! What a lovely dress ! quite a nice day rather a good idea such a funny expression

B. too cold a day How lovely a dress! so strange a person as good a map as

3、定冠词

1）普通名词组成的专有名词 the Great Wall the Summer Palace 2）江河、海洋、山脉、群岛、海峡、海湾 the Pacific (Ocean)

3）the + adj. (-ing; -ed) A. 指一类人，谓语用复数

The old are being taken good care of. B. 指一类事，谓语用单数

The beautiful is not always the same as the good.

4）用在radio, piano, telephone, 方位、次序、自然现象（rain）、身体 部位前 He hates the telephone.

5）被定语从句、介词短语、副词短语、不定式短语等修饰的名词前 The boy who you are looking for (in blue, there, standing there, dressed in blue ) is a student.

4、零冠词

1）街道、广场、节假日、季节、月份、星期、棋类、球类等 National Day Nanjing Road 2）职位充当补语、同位语时

He was elected headmaster of the school. 3）成对出现的成语

arm in arm (手挽手), hand in hand (手牵手), face to face, side by side(肩并肩), day and night, young and old,

地址：山西省太原市和平南路45号英语周报社网络中心

电话：0351—6378335

4

from door to door, from morning till night, from beginning to end

5、冠词比较

1) go to school (hospital, church); in prison (强调用途） go to the school, visit the prison (强调建筑物本身） 2) I’ll go there next Friday. (以说话时间为准）

In 1989, he was 28, and the next year, he was 29. (以所给时间为准） 3) by air (plane, boat?) in a spaceship ( on the bike, on the bus) 4) Open the window to let in fresh air. (泛指) The air in the room is not fresh. (特指) 5) be at table be at the table 6) a cup of coffee Two coffees, please. I like white coffee. This is a very good coffee. The coffee on the table is Tom’s. 7) Mr. White is waiting to see you. A Mr. White is waiting to see you. The Mr. White you are looking for is waiting to see you.

8) A horse is a useful animal. The horse is a useful animal. Horses are useful animals. 9) the best season of the year the best time of year

EXERCISES 1 （单选）

1. ---I’d like information about the management of your hotel, please. ---Well, you could have word with the manager. He might be helpful. A. some, a B. an, some C. some, some D. an, a 2. If by any chance someone comes to see me, ask them to have a . A. message B. letter C. sentence D. notice 3. He dropped the and broke it. A. cup of coffee B. coffee’s cup C. cup for coffee D. coffee cup

4. There are only twelve in the hospital. A. woman doctors B. women doctors C. women doctor D. woman doctor 5. ---How many does a cow have? ---Four.

A. stomaches B. stomach C. stomachs D.stomachines

6. The of the building are covered with lots of . (AADBCA) A. roofs, leaves B.rooves, leafs C. roof, leaf D.roofs, leafs 7.That was a fifty engine. A. horse power

B. horses power C. horse powers D. horses powers

8. ---How far away is it from here to your school? ---It’s about . A. half an hour’s drive B. half hours drives C. half an hour drives D. half an hour drive 9. Last week I called at my .

A. aunt B. aunts C. aunt‘s D. aunts‘s

10. You’ll find this map of great in helping you to get round London. 地址：山西省太原市和平南路45号英语周报社网络中心

电话：0351—6378335

5

A. price B. cost C. usefulness D. value 11. Alexander Graham Bell invented telephone in 1876. A.不填 B. a C. the D.one 12. ---Where’s Jack ? ---I think he’s still in bed but he might just be in bathroom. A.不填， 不填 B. the, the

C. the, 不填 D. 不填， the (AACDCD)

13. Many people are still in habit of writing silly things in public places. A. the,

the B. 不填，不填

C. the, 不填 D.不填， the

14.She is newcomer to chemistry bust she has already made some important discoveries.

A. the, the B. the, 不填 C. a, 不填 D. a, the

15. ---Have you seen pen? I left it here this morning. ---Is it black one? I think I saw it somewhere.

A. a, the B. the, the C. a, a D. the, a

16. Paper money was in use in China when Marco Polo visited the country in thirteenth centry.

A. the, 不填 B. 不填, the C. the, the D. 不填, 不填

17.The warmth of sweater will of course be determined by the sort of wool used.

A. the, the B. the, 不填 C. 不填, the D.不填, 不填

18.Summers in south of France are for most part dry and sunny.

A. 不填, a B. the, 不填 C. 不填, 不填 D. the, the (CCCBBD) 19． A rough estimate, Nigeria is__________ Great Britain. （05上海卷） ( D)

A. three times the size as B. the size three times of C. three times as the size of D. three times the size of

20． He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his _______ was seen at its best when he worked

with others. （05上海卷） (D)

A. temper B. appearance C. talent D. character

21． I am sure David will be able to find the library — he has a pretty good _______ of direction. （05浙

江卷）(D)

A．idea B．feeling C．experience D．sense 22． Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his_______.

（05天津卷） (C)

A. ability B. force C. strength D. mind

23．My ______ of this weekend‘s activity is going out with some good friends. （05安徽卷） (A)

A. idea B. opinion C. mind D. thought

24．The head office of the bank is in Beijing, but it has ____ all over the country. （05辽宁卷） (B)

A．companies B．branches C．organizations D．businesses 25． It took us quite a long time to get here. It was ______ journey.（05北京春）（C）

A. three-hour B. a three hour C. a three-hour D. three hours 26．Students should be encouraged to use ___ Internet as ____ resource.

地址：山西省太原市和平南路45号英语周报社网络中心

电话：0351—6378335

6

（08山东） A. 不填；a B. 不填；the C. the; the D. the; a

D the internet 表示一类事物，a resource表示是资源的一种。

EXERCISES 2 (改错，每句一个错）

1. After one year hard work, the Senior Three students have already pre- pared themselves for the entrance exam. ( year’s)

2. More and more middle-aged people in the West have heart’s trouble, which results from high-fat food they like to eat. (heart)

3. You can get your library card in the teacher reading-room, which is on the second floor. (teachers‘)

4. His hairs looked disordered, with some gray hair on his forehead.

(hairs---------第二个) 5.Now I eat more fruits and vegetables than I used to. My favorite fruits are apples, bananas and grapes. (fruit------第一个)

6. The lady entered a room, opened windows to let the fresh air in, and sat down in an armchair to have a rest. ( the windows)

7.Miss Nora is young, nice, kind and active. She is the teacher young students like. ( a teacher)

8.They elected him the captain of the school football team for a second time. (captain , 去掉the ) 9.He is fond of playing chess while his sister is fond of playing piano. ( the piano)

10. No human being can change the law of the nature, though they can change their own lives. (nature, 去掉the)

代 词

一、人称代词

1、多个人称代词的排列顺序：

①you and I ②he and I ③you and he ④you, he and I ⑤you, they and we(情况多) 2、It 的用法

① 代替this, that

That’s a book, isn’t it ? ② 做某动作的人或婴儿

---Someone is coming. Who can it be ? ---It may be Jack.

It‘s a lovely baby. Is it a boy or a girl? ③表示时间、距离、自然现象 It‘s 20 miles to (from) Paris. 3、简略回答中用so, not, it 的情况：

地址：山西省太原市和平南路45号英语周报社网络中心

电话：0351—6378335

7

①肯定答语中，下列动词后面常用so:

think, hope, believe, I’m afraid, It seems (appears), etc.

---Is it true that he had a heart attack?

---I’m afraid so. / I believe so. / It seems so. ②否定答语中用not:

---Has Anne got into university?

---I’m afraid not. / I think not. / It seems not. ③协力动词中也可以用not?so:

believe, think, suppose, expect, etc

I don’t believe so. / I don’t think so. ④do代替上下文动词，并且表示一个已完成的动作时， do后常用so / it: ---Please lay the table. ---I’ve just done so (it).

二、指示代词

★that, one, it的区别

①one 代替可数名词，表示泛指; the one 表示特指; that代替不可数名 词 ，表示特指; 它们都可以代替前面提到的同一类事物; it指前面提到的 同一事物。

●There is an old engineer and a young one here. ●His attitude to me is that of a friend. ●I’ve lost my pen. Have you seen it? (Have you lend me one?) ② the / this / that / these / those + adj. + one / ones

I’ll try on a few of these shirts. Please pass me that white one. ③the one后面可以接介词短语或定语从句

●The boy in your class is taller than the one in our class.

●The skirt (that) she made herself is more beautiful to wear than the one (that) she bought last year.

④ one 不能代替前面提到的不可数名词

Don’t use powdered milk. Use this fresh milk. (不可用 fresh one)

⑤those , ones

● These machines are better than those we made last year. ● ---I’d like a pound of apples. ---Which ones? ---The red (ones). ● ---Why don’t we take a little break ?

---Didn’t we just have ? (NMET2000)

A. it B. that C. one D. this (C)

三、物主代词

1、名词性物主代词可作主语、表语、宾语，不能作定语

地址：山西省太原市和平南路45号英语周报社网络中心

电话：0351—6378335

8

This is my cup. Yours is the one that’s green. These things are mine. Those are theirs. 2、名词性物主代词与 of 结构连用 That brother of yours looks healthy. He is an old friend of mine. 3、下列结构用 the 代替物主代词

He pulled Jack by the hair (arm). He was wounded in the leg. He was blind in the right eye.

四、反身代词

1、加强语气（可前可后）

The headmaster spoke to me himself.

→ The headmaster himself spoke to me. ● Tom felt that he knew everybody’s business better than they knew it .

A. themselves B. oneself C. itself D. himself (NMET 1996) (A) 2、own： 反身代词无所有格形式，用 own 表达： I’d love to have my own room / a room of my own.

五、不定代词

1、every each

①every指时间: every other day, every three days = every third day ②each放在复数主谓语之间: We each have a book. ③each放在句尾:

She gave her children an apple each.

2、some- any- every- no-

①作单数看: Is there anyone here who is a doctor? ②不与 of 连用: 不说 someone of; no one of. etc 可说 some one of; none of, etc. ③＋ adj. / to do (vt.): Is there anything for me to sit on ? ④＋ else: This isn’t mine. It’s someone else’s.

3、some any

①表示请求、建议的问句用some

Would you like some (more) coffee ? ②some + n.(singl.)

You will realize it some day.

地址：山西省太原市和平南路45号英语周报社网络中心

电话：0351—6378335

9

③any在肯定句中表示任何一个（无论哪个） Any child can answer that.

Give me a plate. Any one (plate) will do. ④any (some) of ＋ 限定词 ＋ n.

some of the oil , any of my water

4、both all

①常用于助动词或情感动词后，但在简答中放在前面 ● The girls are both ready.

● --- Are you ready ? --- Yes, we both (all) are. ②放在作宾语的宾格代词后面 He gave some to us all (both). ③all单独用，指人时谓语用用复数；指物时谓语用单数 ●All is lost. ● All are here.

5、either neither

① either…or; neither…nor 作主语，谓语的使用是邻近原则 Neither he nor I am going to London. ②作定语，修饰单数名词

Neither (Either) book is satisfactory.

6、another (the) other (the) others

①another 另外的，另一个的 Please show me another (one). Do you need another cup ?

②another ＋ 基数词(few) ＋ n.

I need another three days. (three more days)

③(the) other (＋ n.) (the) other

the other six (persons) / the others / the other day

7、(a) few (a) little ① few 的搭配

●We had a good few letter this morning(很多).

●Not a few letters were written to the magazines. (不少) ● ---How many do you want ? ---Just a few, please. (不多) quite a few (相当多）

only a few (只有几个，几乎没有）

② little 的搭配

●There’s only a little soup left. ● ---How much do you want ? ---Just a little, please.

地址：山西省太原市和平南路45号英语周报社网络中心

电话：0351—6378335

10

8、much many

①(much /far) too much far too many Your son got much (far) too much pocket money. There are far too many accidents at this crossing. ②much修饰 ●形容词和副词的比较级或最高级

●比较级＋不可数名词

There’s much / far less water in the river than usual. many修饰―比较级 + 可数 名词复数‖

There are many / far more people than I expected.

9、全部否定与部分否定 ①全部否定用词

neither nothing no one nobody none ②not与all, both, every, every- 连用时表示部分否定 Not all his work is successful.

EXERCISE 1 (单选)

1． I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with . A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing 2. Sarah has read lots of stories by American writers. Now she would like to read stories by writers from countries.

A. some, any B. other, some C. some, other D. other, other 3. I hate when people talk with their mouths full.

A. it B. that C. these D. them

4. Dr. Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge, I can’t remember . A. where B. there C. which D. that 5. ---Are the new rules working ? ---Yes. books are stolen. A. Few B. More C. Some D. None 6. Few pleasures can equal of a cool drink on a hot day.

A. some B. that C. any D. those

7. ---Why don’t we take a little break ? --- Didn’t we just have ? A. it B. one C. that D. this (ACACABB) 8.It is the ability to do the job matters not where you come from or what you are. A. one B. what C. that D. it 9.The Pakers bought a new house but will need a lot of work before they can move in. A. they B. it C. one D. which 10. ---Do you want tea or coffee ? --- . I really don’t mind. A. Both B. None C. Either D. Neither 11.Many people have helped with canned food, however, the food bank needs for the poor.

地址：山西省太原市和平南路45号英语周报社网络中心

电话：0351—6378335

11

A. more B. much C. many D. most

12. I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have . A. it B. there C. them D. one 13.---When shall we meet again ? ---Make it day you like; it’s all the same to me. A. one B. any C. another D. so 14. If this dictionary is not yours, can it be ?

A. what else B. who else C. which else’s D. who else’s (CBCADBD) 15.They were all very tired, but of them would stop to take a rest. A. any B. some C. none D. neither 16. John said he’d been working in the office for an hour, was true. A. he B. this C. which D. who 17. It doesn’t matter whether there is only coffee or tea. will do. A. Any B. Both C. Either D. Neither 18. He had little money, so he didn’t lend me .

A. some B. it C. much D. any 19. Money doesn’t mean . A. everything B. anything C. any thing D. something 20. In this small town, knows .

A. anybody, somebody B. everybody, nobody C.everybody,every D.somebody,anybody (CCCDAC)

EXERCISE 2 (改错，每句一错）

1. Everything is better than nothing. (Anything is / Something is)

2. ---What’s on the table? ---No one. ( None → Nothing) ---How many books are on the table? ---None.

3. These shirts are expensive, but which we saw the other day were more expensive. (but those we saw) 4. ---Do you have a camera ?

---No, but my father has it. He bought it a week ago. (has one) 5. When it discovers good flowers, a bee flies back to the hive and tells others. It does this by dancing for them. (tells the others) 6. ---I’d like some coffee.

---Sorry, there’s nothing at the moment. (there’s none) 7. ---Here we have noodles, rice, dumplings and so on. What would you

like ? --- Everything is OK. (Anything is OK.) 8. Mary sends both you her love. (both of you)

9. Everybody has got two personalities-----the one that is shown to the world and another that is secret and real. (and the other) 10.I was the first person in my family who would attend a university, and I knew how proud my parents were, but it was impossible for him to

地址：山西省太原市和平南路45号英语周报社网络中心

电话：0351—6378335

12

finance my education. ( for them to…)

形容词、副词、介词

一、形容词

1、多个形容词得排列顺序：

限定词（冠词、物主代词、所有格、序数词）+ 基数词 + 描述性形容词 + 大小新旧 + 颜色 + 产地 + 物质（材料、用途）+ 名词 a beautiful new red dress a little brown box

2、系动词 + adj. ( 除 be 外的其它连系动词） The cake looks good but it tastes awful.

3、subj. + be + adj. + to do (vt.)

The man is easy to get along with. The bed is too small for him to lie on.

4、It is (was) + adj. + of (for) sb. to do sth.

下列形容词后用 of: good, kind, nice, brave, clever, careless, foolish, silly, stupid, cruel, etc.

其它形容词后用for

5、the more of the two

He is the stronger of the two brothers.

6、倍数

three times as big as This room is twice bigger than that one. three times the size of

7、比较级和最高级的被修饰

①比较级可以被下列词修饰：much, far, any, even, still, rather, a little, a lot, a bit, no, by far

It’s no use asking me. I don’t know any more than you. ②最高级可以被下列词修饰：much, the very, by far

This cake ought to be good, because I used the very best butter

二、副词

1、程度副词 (quite, rather, fairly)

★ quite: 不修饰比较级，但: He is quite better. 地址：山西省太原市和平南路45号英语周报社网络中心

电话：0351—6378335

13

●表示程度，和可显示程度的词连用，如：old, interesting, polite, tired, etc.

●类似completely(完全地)和absolutely(绝对地)，和下列词连用， 如：perfect, impossible, different, etc. 此时，可修饰adj., adv., v.,等. The job is quite impossible. That’s not quite what I want.

★rather: 可与比较级及too 连用 rather older, rather too many people ●rather than 表示选择，―宁愿（前面）不愿（后面）‖ I’d prefer to go in August rather than in July. I decided to write rather than (to) telephone. ●or rather 表示―更确切地说―

I’ll meet him, or rather, I’ll ask him to meet me. ★fairly： 不可与比较级连用，与积极意义的词连用 ●强弱程度的顺序：

very → rather → quite → fairly → not

This film is very good. (rather good 胜过多数影片;

quite good 值得一看; fairly good 勉强还可以看看)

2、频度副词(often, usually, always, ever, never, seldom, hardly 等放在 行为动词前、系动词及助动词后 He is always making a joke. ●never, hardly, seldom等放在句首时，用倒装

Never have I seen anything so wonderful as that. ●简答中频度副词放在助动词及系动词前

---He is late again. ---Yes, he always is.

3、too much much too

●too much ① ＋ 不可数名词，意思“太多”

I drank (far much, a lot , a little, rather) too much beer last night. ②作 adv. You work too much.

③作 pro. Too much was happening all at once. ●much too ＋ adj. ―实在太…‖ You are much too kind to me.

3、形近词

● ① deep / deeply deep into the night (the woods, the future) be deeply moved (hurt, sorry) deeply regret ② late / lately / later / latest arrive (come) late What have you been doing lately ? ③ near / nearly go (come, live) near nearly finished (midnight) ④ loud / loudly / aloud ● --adj. --adv.

地址：山西省太原市和平南路45号英语周报社网络中心

电话：0351—6378335

14

an early train a fast driver hard work a deep hole arrive early drive fast work hard drink deep

EXERCISE 1 （单选）

1.I am surprised that you should have been fooled by such a (an) trick. A. ordinary B. easy C. smart D. simple

2. It’s always difficult being in a foreign country, if you don’t speak the language. A. especially B. naturally C. basically D. extremely 3. If I had , I’d visit Europe, stopping at all the small interesting places. A. an enough long holiday B. a long enough holiday C. a holiday enough long D. a long holiday enough 4. Professor White has written some short stories, but he is known for his plays. A. better B. more C. the best D. the most 5. Wait till you are more . It’s better to be sure than sorry.

A. inspired B. certain C. calm D. satisfied 6. It is generally believed that teaching is it is a science.

A. an art much as B. much an art as C. as an art much as D. as much an art as (DABABD)

7. Can you believe that in a rich country there should be many poor people? A. such, such B. such, so C. so, so D. so, such 8. It takes a long time to go there by train; it’s by road.

A. quick B. the quickest C. much quick D. quicker 9. If there were no examinations, we should have at school. A. the happiest time B. a more happier time C. much happiest time D. a much happier time 10. How beautifully she sings ! I have never heard .

A. the better voice B. a good voice C. the best voice D. a better voice 11. ---If you don’t like the red coat, take the blue one.

---OK, but do you have size in blue? This one’s a bit tight for me. A. big B. a bigger C. the big D. the bigger 12. ---Would you like some wine ? ---Yes, just .

A. little B. very little C. a little D. little bit 13. Canada is larger than country in Africa. A. any B. other C. any other D. another (BDDDBCA)

14. –- Mum, I think I’m to get back to school. ---Not really, my dear. You’d better stay

at home for another day or two.

A. so well B. so good C. well enough D. good enough 15. ---How was your recent visit to Qingdao ? ---It was great. We visited some friends, and spent the days at the seaside.

A. few last sunny B. last few sunny C. last sunny few D. few sunny last 16. They produced 20% grain this year than they did last year. 地址：山西省太原市和平南路45号英语周报社网络中心

电话：0351—6378335

15

A. much B. little C. a little D. more 17. ---How does Amy like her new school? ---Fine. And she’s doing in her course. A. extremely good B. extreme good C. extremely well D. extreme well 18. We have tried to persuade him to go with us.

A. possible everything almost B. almost everything possible C. everything almost possible D. almost possible everything 19. Ann’s work was . A. as good as, if not better than ours B. the best, if not better than ours

C. as well as, if not better than, ours

D. as good as, if not better than, ours (CBDCBD)

EXERCISE 2 (改错，每句一错）

1. The salad tasted so well that my brother returned to the salad bar for another helping. (so good that)

2. We spent a perfect day at the beach because the ocean was real calm and the sun wasn’t too hot. (was really calm)

3. John always arrives lately for his chemistry class even though he leaves his dormitory in plenty of time. (arrive late) 4. Mary is the more capable of all the girls who are from the South.

( the most capable of) 5. I like black coffee so much because the stronger it is, I like it the better. ( very much) 6. If you go highly enough above the earth, you will find the air is too thin to support your life. (go high enough)

7. She spoke with such a strong accent that we could hard understand it.

(could hardly understand) 8. The governor has not already decided how to deal with the new problem about pollution. (has not yet decided)

9. Doing your homework is a sure way to improve your test scores, and

this is specially true when it comes to classroom tests. (is especially) 10. There was nothing more to do, so I went to bed earlier than usually.

( than usual) 11.Let’s meet direct after lunch, then I’ll take you direct to your room. ( meet directly after) 12. Jane speaks Chinese as well as, if no better than, any of the other students in her class. (if not better)

13. One evening, while I was walking along the road, a poor boy was found deadly by the roadside, which made me terrified. (dead) 14. It was very late to save the drowning boy, he had gone down for the third time. ( too late )

地址：山西省太原市和平南路45号英语周报社网络中心

电话：0351—6378335

16

15. Of the two lectures, the first was by far the best one, partly because the

person who delivered it had such a pleasant voice. (the better one)

介 词

1． be + adj. + prep.

be good at, be afraid of, be anxious about (of), be kind to, be fit for, etc. 2. be + v.-ed + prep.

be satisfied with, be worried about, be surprised at, be pleased at (by) 3. v. + prep.

agree with (to / on), apologize for, arrive at (in), believe in, depend on 4. v. + n. + prep.

pay attention to, take part in, make use of, have a word with 5. v. + adv. + prep.

go on with, go in for, go ahead with, keep up with, make up for 6. prep. + n. + prep.

in charge of, in time of, in place of, on top of, at the end (edge) of 7. out of + n.

out of breath, out of control, out of date, out of sight, out of work (order) 8. n. + after + n.

hour after hour, year after year, battle after battle, defeat after defeat 9. n. + by + n.

step by step, side by side, one by one 10. n. + to + n.

face to face, heart to heart 11. n. + in + n.

hand in hand, arm in arm 12. from + n. + to + n.

from side to side, from place to place, from door to door 13. a + n. + of

a bit of, a great deal of, a few of, a drop of, a line of 14. with + n.

with a long history, with satisfaction (care), with pleasure, with one’s help 15. on + n.

on a trip (journey), on a visit (to), on fire, on business, on sale, on watch on the team, on show, on duty, on foot 16. without + n.

without help, without mercy, without delay 17. in + n.

in silence, in danger (trouble, surprise, fear), in high spirits, in love (return) 18.as + n.

as a matter of fact, as a rule, as a whole 19. by + n.

地址：山西省太原市和平南路45号英语周报社网络中心

电话：0351—6378335

17

by now (then), by hand, by mistake, by this means, by chance, by the year 20. at + n.

at sea, at sunset, at Christmas, at the doctor’s, at the station, at a time 21. for + n.

for a moment, for a time, for ever, for example 22. to + n. (? + to )

to one’s delight (joy, surprise), to the east (west), to the right, due to, thanks to, according to, to this day

EXERCISE 1 (单选)

1. The home improvements have taken what little there is my spare time. A. from B. in C. of D. at 2. Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened

to . A. be put up B. give in C. be turned on D. go out 3. Would you slow down a bit, please ? I can’t you. A. keep up with B. put up with C. make up to D. hold on to 4. Your performance in the driving test didn’t reach the required standard --- , you failed. A. in the end B. after all C. in other words D. at the same time

5. production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent

year. A. As B. For C. With D. Through 6. She his number in the phone book to make sure that she had got it right. A. looked up B. looked for C. picked out D. picked up 7. I don’t think I’ll need any money but I’ll bring some .

A. at last B. in case C. once again D. in time (CDACCAB) 8.The train leaves at 6:00 pm. So I have to be at the station 5:40 pm at the least. A. until B. after C. by D. around 9. You’d better some money for special use.

A. pick up B. set aside C. put off D. give away 10. Readers can quite well without knowing the exact meaning of

each word. A. get over B. get in C. get along D. get through 11. If you keep on , you’ll succeed . A. in time

B. at one time C. on the same time D. on time 12. We offered him our congratulations his passing the college

entrance exams. A. at B. on C. for D. of 13.--- Will somebody go and get Dr. White ? ---He’s already been . A. asked for B. sent for C. called for D. looked for 14. I was tired climbing up the mountain, and I am tired having the same food every day.

A. from, of B. of, at C. in, of D. at, with

15. Rose was wild with joy the result of the examination.

地址：山西省太原市和平南路45号英语周报社网络中心

电话：0351—6378335

18

A. to B. at C. by D. as (CBCABBAC)

EXERCISE 2 (改错， 每句一错）

1.There are some monkeys on anapple tree on which there are many apples.

( in an apple tree)

2. Water usually freezes when temperature is under zero and ice changes into water again when the temperature rises above zero. (below zero) 3. Mr. Smith asked the students to retell the story with their own words. ( in their words)

4. In the end he told us the key to his success by winning the first prize. (in winning)

5. Taiwan is in the east of Fujian and in the southeast of China. (to the east) 6.In reaching the village, we were warmly welcomed by the villagers. (On reaching) 7. The two girls were in the same age. (at the same)

8. He drove away to the direction of London. ( in the direction)

9. We shouldn’t judge a person with his looks and clothes. (by his looks) 10. She has been teaching in this school from 1960. (since 1960)

基 本 句 型

英语的五种基本句型结构：

★ 主语 + 不及物动词 (SV) ★ 主语 + 连系动词 (SVC)

★ 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 (SVO)

★ 主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语(SVOD) ★ 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语(SVOC)

S + V

He works. He is studying.

① 主语 ＋ 谓语(vi.) ＋ 状语(从句)

The sun sets in the west. He went nowhere

② 主语 ＋ 谓语(vi.) ＋ 名词短语

We had come a long way. He waited (for) two years.

2. S + V + C

地址：山西省太原市和平南路45号英语周报社网络中心

电话：0351—6378335

19

He is a student / in yellow / there…

① 主语 + be + 表语 表语由下列词充当：名词、形容词、副词、 介词（短语）、动词不定式、分词（短语）、动名词、从句等

② 主语 + 其它连系动词 + 表语 这些连系动词包括：appear, continue, feel, go(变成), keep, lie(处于…状态), look, prove, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, become, come, fall, get, grow, turn Bob lay sick.

His dream comes true.

3. S + V + O

An idea struck me.

① 主语 ＋ 谓语(v. + prep) ＋ 宾语

It depends on the weather. 备用词：act as, agree on / with / to, arrive in (at), come across, base on, break into, suffer from, lead to, prefer to, think of, fire at, reach for, quarrel about, worry about

② 主语 ＋ 谓语(v. + adv.) ＋ 宾语

I thought over the plan. I thought it over.

备用词：bring out (up), think out, turn off (on , out, down), give in

NOTICE: ● v + adv. + prep. get along with, add up to, do away with, break away with, keep up with, go ahead with, go through with ● v. + n. + prep make use of, make fun of, catch sight of, take care of, take the place of, take a look at, take pride in

③ 主语 ＋ 谓语 ＋ 宾语 ＋ 介词 ＋ 宾语 The teacher punished him for being late.

Congratulate him on his success. Compare this with that.

4. S + V + O + D (间接宾语由代词和名词充当) ① 主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 Will you lend me your pen, please ? She bought him many toys.

② 主语 + 谓语 + 直接宾语 + 介词 + 代词或名词 Will you lend your pen to me, please ? She bought many toys for him.

备用词：pay, give, hand, sell, pass, offer, explain, sing, leave

5. S + V + O + C 宾语和宾补之间的关系有两种：● 主表关系；

● 主谓关系。宾语可由形容词、副词、介词、动词不定式充当 主表：① I find the book interesting. (主谓宾＋形容词) ② I saw him there. (主谓宾＋副词) ③ I found the book on the desk. (主谓宾＋介词) ④ We elected him monitor. (主谓宾＋名词)

主谓：①They saw the thief running away. (主谓宾 + 现在分词）

地址：山西省太原市和平南路45号英语周报社网络中心

电话：0351—6378335

20

②Where did you see him knocked down? (主谓宾＋过分词) ③ What makes you think so ? (主谓宾＋动词不定式)

It 句型

1. It + be + adj. + (for sb) to do sth → sth + be + adj. + to do It is not easy to learn English. (English is not easy to learn.) 备用词：difficult, necessary, important, quick, hard, etc.

2. It + be + adj. + of sb to do sth → sb. + be + adj. + to do sth It was foolish of Tom to sell such a suit as that to a millionaire. (Tom was foolish to sell such a suit as that to a millionaire.)

备用词：wise, clever, bright, kind, nice, silly, stupid, cruel, etc.

3. It takes sb + some time + to do sth → sb spends time in doing sth It took him two days to find the elephant. (He spent two days in finding the elephant.)

4. It is no use doing sth.

It is no use regretting your past mistakes. 备用词：no good, useless, etc.

5. It costs sb. + money + to do sth

It cost them 36,000 francs to buy the necklace. → The necklace cost them 36,000 francs . They spent 36,000 franc on the necklace.

They spent 36,000 francs (in) buying the necklace. They paid 36,000 francs for the necklace. They bought the necklace for 36,000 francs.

6. It + be + adj. (n.) + that-clause

It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree. It is a pity that she has made such a mistake.

备用词：natural, surprising, true, wonderful, etc.

7.It + be + adj. + that-clause (should do sth)

It is necessary that he (should) be present at the meeting. 备用词：strange, important,impossble

8. It + be + p.p. + that-clause

it is said that he has been ill for years. (He is said to have been…)

地址：山西省太原市和平南路45号英语周报社网络中心

电话：0351—6378335

21

备用词：reported, known, believed, decided, announced, etc.

9. It + be + p.p. + that-clause (should do sth.)

It is demanded that the homework (should) be finished at once. 备用词：ordered, suggested, required, requested, etc.

10. It seems + that-clause → sb. + seems + to do sth. It seems that they are talking. (They seem to be talking.) 备用词：happen

11. It is + some time since-clause → sb. has + p.p. + for time

It is three years since he came here. (He has been here for years.)

12. It is + 被强调部分 + that (who)

It is through struggle that we learn this truth.

13. It + be time + for sth / to do sth. / that-clause

It is time for supper. It is time to have supper. It is time that we should have supper. It is time that we had supper.

14. It + be + long(时间段）+ before-clause

It will not be long before we turn our hope into reality.

15. It is (just) like sb. to do sth. 该句型为“某人（恰恰）是。。。这个样子”。用来表示赞扬或不满，若用否定式，则表示怀疑。It‘s like him to leave the work to others. 他就是这样的一个人，把工作推给别人。

It isn‘t like him to have said anything like that. 他可不是说出那种话的人。

16. It is up to sb. to do sth.

该句型为“该由某人做。。。”。该句型中up后的to是介词。

There Be 结构

1、主谓一致：

There is a pen and two books on the desk.

2、反意问句：

There used to be a well there, use(d)n’t / didn’t there?

地址：山西省太原市和平南路45号英语周报社网络中心

电话：0351—6378335

22

3、各种时态：

There will be a film this afternoon.

There is going to be a lecture tomorrow.

There have been great change in our city since 1988.

4、there be中的非谓语形式：

There are a lot of students waiting outside. There were eleven people killed in this accident. There’s someone at the door to see you. (There being no bus, we had to walk home.)

5、含情态动词：

There must (may, might) be rain tomorrow. There ought to be no trouble

6、与其它动词连用：

There seems to be a reason for changing their plan. There are likely to be more difficulties than expected. There happens to be nobody in the room. I don’t want there to be any trouble.

7、there + v.

There goes the bell.

On the hill (there) stands a house.

8、There is no denying the fact + that从句（不可否认的......）

例句：不可否认的，我们的生活质量已经每况愈下。

There is no denying the fact that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.

主谓一致原则

1、or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also连接并列主语时， 谓语与邻近主语一致

Not only she but also I am going there.

2、as well as, (together) with,,along with连接并列主语时，谓语与前面主语一致 Dr. Smith (together) with his two sons is going Paris.

3、there be 中主语并列时，可随紧挨 be 的词一致或用复数 There is (are) a boy and two girls in the room.

地址：山西省太原市和平南路45号英语周报社网络中心

电话：0351—6378335

23

NOTICE: There is a pair of trousers here.

4、both, many, several, few作主语时，谓语用复数 Few are here this morning.

5、时间、距离、重量、金钱等的复数作主语，当整体看，谓语用单数 Two feet isn’t long enough.

6、and连接并列主语的情况

① My father and mother are away on business. ② The worker and writer is from Paris. ③ The worker and the writer are from Paris. ④ Bread and butter is a daily food in the West.

⑤ Every (Each, No) desk and every (each, no) chair is made of wood. ⑥one and a half 后面应接复数名词，但其谓语动词应用单数。

7、the + adj. (-ing, -ed)表示一类人，谓语用复数；表示一类事物， 谓语用单数

The rich get richer and the poor get poorer in many countries.

8、Neither (of), Either (of), Each (of)作主语，谓语用单数 Neither of them is a driver.

9、any-, every-, some- no-作主语，谓语用单数 Is everybody here ?

10、动词不定式、动名词、主语从句作主语，谓语用单数 To see is to believe. What I have done is what I should do.

11. all of, some of, any of, most of, none of, plenty of, percent of, half of 等作主语，根据 of 后的词决定 the houses are on show. Most of

the work has been done. the students are girls. Ninety percent of

the money is hers.

12. kind of + n., 由kind 决定

This kind of apples is very good. → Apples of this kind are very good.

地址：山西省太原市和平南路45号英语周报社网络中心

电话：0351—6378335

24

13. Such (倒装)

Such is what he said. → Such are his words.

14. east, west, south, north的倒装

East of the city is (lies) a lake. (are / lie two lakes)

15. 强调句中 It’s I who am going to Japan.

16. 定语从句中 I, who am a student, will be a doctor.

17.a great deal of ( a large amount of , a large quantity of , a lot of )

+ 不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。

18.a number of , ( a large quantity of , a lot of ) + 可数名词的复数，谓语动词用复数。但the number of +

主语，其谓语动词用单数。

19.代词 none, neither 作主语时，主要根据说话人的意思来决定。

20. 一些只有复数形式的词作主语时( clothes , trousers , shoes , ...)，谓语动词应用复数形式；但前面有a

pair of 修饰时，则用单数。

21. 关系词who, that , which 引起的定语从句中的谓语动词应该与先行词在数和人称取得一致。但

one of + 复数名词 + that从句。从句的谓语动词应用复数，而the ( only ) one of +复数名词 + that 从句，从句的谓语动词应用单数。

22. 以what 引起的主语从句 the rest , the remainder 等引起的主语，谓语动词按意思一致的原则处理。

EXERCISES:

1.Three ______ died in the terrible fire in Luoyang last winter.

A. hundreds people B. hundred people C. hundreds peoples D. hundred peoples

2. Either you or the president _______ the prizes to these gifted winners at the meeting.

A. is handing out B. are to hand out C. are handing out D. is to hand out

3. I, who ______ your close friend, will try my best to help you out of trouble.

A. am B. is C. are D. be

4. The Olympic Games in the year 2008 ______ in Beijing of China, which ______ known to us all.

A. is to hold; is B. is to be held; was C. are to hold; is D. are to be held; is

5. There _____ a lot of rubbish on the floor so I asked Mary to sweep _____ up.

地址：山西省太原市和平南路45号英语周报社网络中心

电话：0351—6378335

25

本文来源：https://www.bwwdw.com/article/mt9.html