2017届高三第二阶段教学调研英语试卷

2017届高三第二阶段教学调研

英语试卷

(试卷满分140分，考试时间120分钟)

I. Listening Comprehension Section A

Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.

1. A. She didn‘t like the food the man prepared.

B. She does prefer spicy food.

C. She thinks the man spent too much time cooking. D. She is annoyed with the man. 2. A. He hadn‘t noticed any change in David. C. David looks nicer without a beard.

B. David looks different without a beard. D. He hasn‘t seen David for a long time.

Section B

Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one conversation. You will be asked three questions on each of the passages and four questions for the conversation. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.

Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Teaching staff. B. Environmentalists.

C. School cleaners. D. College students.

12. A. It keeps track of how clean or populated the air is on an hour-to-hour basis. B. The Environmental Protection Agency made the Clean Air Act.

C. People in Atlanta, Georgia, may be feeling the effects of poor air quality today. D. Sensitive groups of people may not feel sick until the AQI reaches 150. 13. A. Checking the AQI before going outside. C. Staying home on high level days.

Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Smart home technology. C. Google Home.

B. Advanced computers. D. Defence industry.

B. Limiting outdoor activities every day. D. No exercising on high level days.

3. A. The paper should be completed by next Friday. B. Only the first part of the term paper is due next Friday. C. Some students didn‘t finish their term paper on time. D. Some students haven‘t started their paper yet. 4. A. Lucy didn‘t attend the party.

B. It was cancelled at the last minute. D. The man wasn‘t invited. B. Watch a live game. D. Sell the man her ticket.

B. She doesn‘t care how long the trip takes. D. Taking a plane might be more practical. B. Shop for new clothes.

D. Wear clothes that fit more tightly.

15. A. Technology can help homeowners look in on pets when they are away. B. Smart home devices can foresee big storms before they happen.

C. There‘s possibility that you talk with someone at your door while you are away. D. Smart home devices can be controlled from both inside and outside your home. 16. A. The information they store in the computer. C. The security of the smart home devices.

Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Forest fires. 18. A. In California. 19. A. 350 years.

B. The history of a coastal city. D. The city of San Francisco. B. In the north of San Francisco. D. Not mentioned. C. 800 years.

D. 2000 years.

C. Coastal redwood trees.

B. Leaks and flooding caused by storms. D. The safety of their pet dogs at home.

C. Lucy‘s friends did much of the work. 5. A. Buy a ticket for the man. C. Go to the man‘s home.

6. A. She‘d rather take a direct train.

C. It doesn‘t take long to get to New York. 7. A. Lose some weight.

C. Have his jeans altered.

8. A. Souvenirs. B. Books. C. A shaver. D. Cosmetics. 9. A. Something unusual happened in the laboratory. B. The laboratory should never be locked.

C. The laboratory is generally unlocked on Friday afternoon. D. The man didn‘t have the key to the laboratory.

10. A. Sorry. B. Annoyed C. Disappointed. D. Surprised.

C. In Muri Woods National Monument.

B. 400 years.

20. A. The costal redwoods are the tallest living things. B. The coastal redwoods prefer foggy climate. C. The coastal redwoods are resistant to forest fires.

D. The costal redwoods are the oldest living things in the world.

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II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Highly gifted children benefit from explanation as much as their peers

Schools tend to assume that highly gifted children can manage by themselves and that they do not need any extra support. As a result, they sometimes seem (21) ________ (forget). Psychologist Bart Vogelaar conducted a research and discovered that a high gift does not mean (22) ________ (perform) to the children‘s maximum capacity. He finds out that this group too benefits from training and explanation and that strangely enough, the benefits are the same (23) ________ both groups.

In his research, Vogelaa made use of dynamic tests（动态测试）, (24) ________ ________ children received training and their progress was measured afterwards to give a better image of their learning capabilities. 522 children aged between five and ten years -- 173 highly gifted and 349 averagely gifted -- took part in (25) ________ was so-called learning potential test. The children (26) ________ (assign) to solve analogical reasoning（类推）tasks. Three boxes were filled with figures that changed from one box to the next according to a particular rule, for example, in size or in position. The children had to use analogical reasoning to draw (27) ________ figure in the last box.

Afterwards, the children were given a training, (28) ________ (follow) by a further set of tasks as a post-assessment. Vogelaar: ―This kind of test gives a better insight into how well children learn because we are able to measure (29) ________ ________ how much they progress on a new task, but also how much and what kind of help they need to achieve this progress.‖

The test showed that all groups of children made progress, from the starting to the post-measurement, with major individual differences. ―It confirms that talented (30) ________ many children are, they benefit from teachers‘ help to a great extent, and that they don't always show their full potential in tests.‖ Vogelaar concludes.

Section B

Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. strategy B. committing C. shifts D. well-being E. coined F. prioritising G. composed H. valued I. access J. uncertainty K. reduction 2 / 6

Work-life balance

Work-life balance is a state characterized by a high level of satisfaction, functionality, and effectiveness while successfully performing several tasks all together. The non-work activity is not only limited to family life but to various occupations and activities of which one‘s life is 31 . Studies suggest the existence of cell phones and other internet based devices enables 32 to work related issues in non-working periods, thus, adding more hours and work load. A relative decrease in the time spent working nonstandard 33 has been proven to have significant negative effects on family and personal life. The immediate effect is a decrease in general 34 as the individual is unable to properly assign appropriate amount of time necessary to maintain a balance. Therefore, extensive research has been done on properly managing time as a main 35 of managing stress.

The condition where work performance is negatively affected by high-level stress is termed 'burnout', in which the employee experiences a significant 36 in motivation. According to Vroom‘s Expectancy Theory, when the outcomes of work performance are offset （抵消）by the negative impacts on the individual‘s general well-being, or, are not 37 enough by the employer, levels of motivation are low. Time management, 38 certain tasks and actions according to one‘s values and beliefs, is among the suggested courses of action for managing stress and maintaining a healthy work-life balance. The reality of constant increase in competition and economic 39 frequently forces the employee to keep the balance for the sake of financial and job security. Therefore, work-life balance policies are 40 by many businesses and are implemented and dealt by line managers and supervisors, rather than at the organizational level as the employee's well being can be more carefully observed and monitored.

III. Reading Comprehension Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

In commerce, customer experience is measured during all points of contact against the individual's expectations over the duration of their relationship with a company. Customers 41 direct or indirect contact with a company. Direct contact usually occurs when the 42 or use is initiated by the customer. Indirect contact often involves advertising, news reports, unplanned 43 with sales representatives, word-of-mouth recommendations or criticisms. Customer experience is created by the contribution of not only the customers' 44 but also the company providing the experience.

The development of a positive customer experience is important as it increases the chances of a customer to make continued purchases and develops brand loyalty. Brand loyalty can turn customers into 45 , resulting in a long term relationship. Nevertheless, males and females respond to the same brand differently. 46 , if female consumers are the target market, an app advert focused on the emotion of the product will provide an effective customer experience.

In this present day it requires more than just low prices and innovative products to 47 the competitiveness of the retail（零售）business. Customer experience has emerged as a vital strategy for all retail businesses that are facing competition. When a customer is undertaking the experience, it is seen as personal and unique. It is through the 48 of goods and services that consumers create a memorable experience they will never forget.

On the whole, one of the most efficient ways to develop customer experience is concerned with the 49 . Today, retail stores tend to exist in shopping areas such as malls or shopping districts. Very few operate in areas alone. Therefore, a shopping centre's reputation that a store is located in will affect a customer‘s experience. If the location is 50 with historical richness, it can provide an opportunity for the town centre and local businesses to connect at deeper level with their customers. So it is suggested that town centre management and retail outlets should work 51 to develop an effective customer experience.

Another effective ways of improving the customer's experience is by actively engaging a customer with an activity. Customers are able to recall active, hands-on experiences much more effectively and accurately than 52 activities. Of course, while active hands-on experiences can greatly develop value creation, it can also produce value 53 . Only by understanding what causes satisfaction or dissatisfaction of a customer's experience, can management appropriately 54 changes within their approach.

Anyway, what the company needs to do is some change in the vision, evaluation and, above all, the 55 with customers. Customer experience can only be changed when it becomes a business's top priority.

41. A. take up

B. enter for C. respond to D. act upon B. opponent B. encounters B. memories B. advocates B. In addition B. seek B. feedback

C. benefit C. accounts C. virtues C. In contrast

C. miracles C. judge C. stimulation C. poverty

D. emotion D. discussions D. values D. symbols D. In all D. survive D. security D. service

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50. A. satisfied 51. A. independently 52. A. extensive 54. A. reform 55. A. discipline

Section B

53. A. destruction

B. bound

C. owned D. compared

B. fiercely B. negative B. image

C. cooperatively D. reluctantly C. persuasive D. passive C. alert C. drain

D. definition D. bridge

B. implement B. satisfaction

C. overlook D. interaction

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

For anyone who thinks of themselves as a leader — or an effective manager of their career — accepting a degree of fear when faced with high-stakes decisions may be necessary. Therese Huston, author of a new book about decision-making, urges those who suffer to enjoy it. Tell yourself this isn‘t anxiety, this is excitement, she says. Research shows that facing these workplace difficulties with relish (享受) is better than trying to be calm. Forcing yourself to think about a high-pressure situation as an exciting challenge enables you to screen out the negative judgments of others and focus. If you‘re not seeing threats everywhere, then you‘ll make better decisions, says Ms Huston, a cognitive psychologist who advises companies on how to improve their decision-making. In How Women Decide, which contains advice for everyone, she draws on research from Alison Wood Brooks of Harvard Business School, who found that trying to calm down can be counterproductive. Studying performance anxiety, Ms Wood Brooks discovered that reassessing stress as excitement can boost results. And the stress brought on by a dilemma needs to be tackled, for the sake of making good and balanced decisions.

Ms Huston recommends exploring other options when facing a choice, rather than obsessing about a yes versus no — a binary choice with risks attached piles on the pressure. You should pause and introduce another alternative. Therefore, as to such questions as ?Should I take this job or not?‘ , ?or stay where I am but ask for a new role?‘ Ms Huston maintains that decisions based on a simple two-way choice turned out to be more problematic half of the time.

Considering more than two options resulted in a more positive verdict (评判) on the decision a year or so later. Ms Huston advises practising the art of generating more than one option in everyday choices when you are calm and relaxed. Make it a habit, she suggests, because when you are stressed, you usually want to move quickly from ?What am I going to do?‘ to ?At least I‘m doing something‘.

42. A. purchase 43. A. discounts 44. A. predictions

45. A. objectives 46. A. For example 47. A. highlight 48. A. variety

49. A. environment

B. opportunity

56. Ms Huston believes that _____________.

A. accepting fear to some extent is necessary when leaders are making decisions B. keeping cool is better than feeling anxious when making decisions C. negative judgments are helpful when leaders are making decisions D. reassessing stress as excitement can boost results

57. In paragraph 1, the underlined phrase ―screen out‖ probably means _____________. A. accept

B. reflect

C. eliminate

D. broadcast

58. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true? A. Suppose you believe threats are everywhere, you‘ll make better decisions. B. It‘s better to remain calm down when you are faced with obstacles. C. Facing a choice, you should stick to ―yes‖ or ― no‖ questions. D. It‘s advised to avoid a simple two-way choice when making decisions. 59. Which of the following is the main idea of the passage? A. Threats are everywhere.

B. Stay calm when making decisions. C. Enjoy it when facing high pressure.

D. Make it a rule to consider more than two options.

(B) The Pros and Cons of Napping ? Daytime resting: helpful or harmful? Getting some sleep, even a short afternoon nap, may seem like a good thing for people with sleep disorders. But for those with insomnia and an already decreased desire to sleep at night, midday shut-eye can actually be counterproductive. So before you curl up on the couch this afternoon, consider whether your quick fix might backfire when you lie down in bed tonight. ? Trouble sleeping at night If you have insomnia, naps present a problem, even if you feel tired during the day. Napping during the day can perpetuate bad sleep habits for people with temporary sleep issues caused by stress, illness, or jet lag too. \director of the Sleep Disorders Center at Loma Linda University Medical Center in California. \nap becomes nothing more than another episode of fragmented sleep.\

? Getting through the day If you don't have a problem getting your z's at night, a quick nap can work wonders to pull you through a tiresome or sleep-deprived day. In fact, a 2008 study found that a 45-minute daytime nap can improve memory function. And previous studies have found that naps can lower blood pressure. Those who suffer from narcolepsy or shift-work syndrome may also benefit from daytime naps, says James Wyatt, PhD, director of the Sleep Disorders Service and Research Center at Rush University Medical Center in Chicago. ? Fatigue could be a warning sign If you're constantly fighting the urge to sleep during the day and falling asleep instantly at night, you might have obstructive sleep apnea, a condition in which you stop breathing while you sleep. In this case, naps won't help. By wearing a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) machine that flows oxygen through your nose, however, you'll likely sleep more soundly and wake refreshed—whether from a good night's rest or a quick catnap.

60. If you suffer from insomnia _____________. A. midday shut-eye may be helpful

B. a short afternoon nap is probably a good thing C. napping during the day is considered a good habit

D. a little bit of a power nap decreases your night time sleep desire

61. A quick nap can be beneficial for common people except those _____________.

A. who have a problem falling into sleep at night B. whose memory is not good enough C. who suffer from shift-work syndrome

D. whose blood pressure is too high

62. It can be inferred from the passage that _____________.

A. naps are helpful for those who have obstructive sleep apnea B. more oxygen through your nose might improve sleep quality C. a 45-minute daytime nap can be beneficial for those with insomnia D. a quick nap can pull everyone through a sleep-deprived day

(C)

Human activities are largely responsible for climate change, which is already having an observable effect on our planet. Particularly emissions from the burning of fossil fuels such as oil and gas have led to an increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Key indicators of climate change – including rising average temperatures, melting glaciers, and rising sea levels – are expected to have devastating consequences for humans and environments. Tackling the challenge posed by climate change will require a coordinated and global effort.

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Acknowledging that climate change is a common concern of humankind, delegations from 195 states successfully negotiated a new and binding international agreement to protect the global climate at the 21st Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change ( UNFCCC) held in Paris in December 2015. The successful adoption of the Paris Agreement was also due to the hard work of a host of non-state actors, including NGOs and research institutions working to address the challenges of climate change.

With the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol due to expire in 2012, governments agreed to begin negotiations on an emissions reductions treaty for the post-Kyoto era at the 2007 Conference of Parties (COP) in Bali. In line with the agreement reached by the parties to the UNFCCC at the 2011 COP in Durban to negotiate a new climate protection treaty, this process was concluded successfully with the adoption of the Paris Agreement in late 2015.

One of the key innovations of the Paris Agreement is the adoption of a clearly defined target to limit global warming. The signatory states have agreed to limit the rise in global average temperature to well below 2 °C above pre-industrial levels. In order to achieve this, the agreement requires parties to prepare, communicate and maintain so-called ―Nationally Determined Contributions‖ (NDCs) that they intend to achieve. These national commitments represent a further departure from the model of the Kyoto Protocol.

The Paris Agreement does not include any language on precisely what states should include in these commitments. While the emissions reduction targets specified for each country under the terms of the Kyoto Protocol were the outcome of multilateral negotiations, under the Paris Agreement states are invited to determine their national contributions as they see fit. The NDCs submitted so far under the Paris Agreement will not be sufficient to keep global warming below the two degree target. However, the agreement also requires that states review the implementation of their NDCs and update their pledges every five years. The first evaluation of the implementation of the Paris Agreement is scheduled for 2023.

63. Which of the following is not the result of greenhouse effect? A. Average temperature rises

B. Glaciers melt D. Sea levels rise

C. Human beings burn fossil fuels

B. With Paris Agreement, human beings needn‘t worry about climate change any more C. Paris Agreement will probably not achieve the goal of keeping global warming below 2 °C D. National commitments in Paris Agreement agree with the model of the Kyoto Protocol 66. Which of the following is the best title of the passage? A. The Cause of Climate Change

B. The Paris Agreement and Global Climate Policy C. Kyoto Protocol Replaces the Paris Agreement D. The outcome of Paris Agreement Section C

Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

A. The evidence indicates that this hypothesis applies chiefly to males. B. These points of view are widely accepted by the U.S. lawmakers. C. Finally, the authors examined the possible causes for the sex difference in sports interest. D. For example, in every society, males participate in sports at least twice as much as females in terms of frequency or duration. E. These points challenge the bedrock assumptions of many scholars and policy makers. F. However, how can we address the issue from a broad, evolutionary perspective? Sex difference in sports interest: What does evolution say?

Sports are enormously popular, and one striking pattern is that boys and men are typically much more involved than are girls and women. This sex difference has policy implications, and it raises fundamental questions about the nature of sex differences. A recent review article by Deaner, Balish, and Lombardo (2016), published in Evolutionary Behavioral Sciences, analyzes the relevant theoretical work.

First, the authors demonstrated that females' under-representation in sport--both as participants and spectators--generally reflects their lesser sports interest, not merely fewer opportunities for involvement. Moreover, this sex difference occurs in all societies described thus far, from hunters and gatherers to large contemporary societies. __________(67).

Next, the authors explored adaptive, functional hypotheses（猜想）for sports. One hypothesis holds that individuals compete in sports to gain status and that non-participants monitor sports performances so they can evaluate potential competitors and allies（同盟）. __________(68). Another hypothesis is that sports serve as courtship displays that advertise participant quality to the opposite sex. This hypothesis effectively explains some aspects of females' sports interest.

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64. In what aspect is Paris Agreement different from Kyoto Protocol? A. National contributions are not stated clearly in Paris Agreement B. Kyoto Protocol were the outcome of multilateral negotiations

C. Paris Agreement acknowledges that climate change is a common concern of humankind D. Specified targets each state should achieve are not included in Paris Agreement 65. It can be concluded from the passage that _____________. A. Kyoto Protocol is still working now

__________(69). Although it is often assumed that socialization practices entirely cause this sex difference, the evidence that socialization plays a role remains doubtful. In particular, no systematic historical comparison has ever shown a decrease in the sex difference. Moreover, several studies indicate that inborn hormones contribute to males' greater sports interest.

The points from this review are that the sex difference in sports interest is widespread, partly due to evolutionary pressures that differentially affected males and females, and unlikely to be fully overturned by socialization. __________(70). Most notably, Title IX is a U.S. law that prohibits sexual discrimination in educational opportunities, including sports, and Title IX is generally implemented under the assumption that females' sports interest is inherently equal to that of males. The present research indicates that this implementation may require revision.

IV. Summary Writing

Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Could goats become our new best friends?

In a new paper in the journal Biology Letters, researchers from QMUL's School of Biological and Chemical Sciences found that goats respond to people by gazing at them when facing a problem they cannot solve alone, and their responses change depending on the person's behaviour.

To investigate, the team trained goats to remove a lid from a box to receive a reward. They made the reward inaccessible and recorded their reaction. In the test, the goats redirected their gaze frequently between the inaccessible reward and human experimenters. They also gazed towards a forward facing person earlier, more often and for longer compared to when the person was facing away.

The results provide strong evidence for complex communication between humans and goats, which were domesticated primarily for agricultural production, and show similarities with animals bred to become pets or working animals, such as dogs and horses.

The research indicates that the domestication of animals has a much broader impact on our knowledge about human-animal relationship than previously believed. For example, it's thought that the capacity of dogs to be aware of information from humans is the result of changes to the brain from becoming a companion animal through domestication.

\livestock (家畜) species to be domesticated, about 10,000 years ago,\author Dr Alan McElligott from the School's Department of Biological and Experimental Psychology.

\our research, we know that many domesticated animals for agricultural production are smarter than their reputation suggests, and these results show how they can communicate and interact with their human handlers just as pets or working animals.\

The researchers hope the study will lead to a better understanding of how skilled livestock are in their ability to solve problems and interact with humans. They also wish that an improvement in animal welfare would be reached ultimately. V. Translation

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 72. 店主在卖这台空气净化机时向你开价多少？（charge） 73. 参加社区服务对提高青少年的综合能力有好处。(involve)

74. 就是在我周末经常去看书的那个图书馆，我碰巧遇到了我的小学同窗。 (It)

75. 尽管网购商品价格便宜，但我觉得盲目购物是不明智的，毕竟质量才是王道。(Despite)

VI. Guided Writing

Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

启明中学学生会对该校高二年级450位同学作了一项―中学生追求名牌现象‖的问卷调查，部分调查结果如下，假如你是宣传部（Propaganda Department）负责人李群，请写一份调查报告，内容包括： 1. 简述调查结果； 2. 谈谈你的看法。

购物档次选择 中高档 61% 低档 21% 无所谓 18% 买名牌父母不同意，你采取何种态度？ 愤怒 46% 自己积蓄 24% 就这样算了 30% 6 / 6

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