The+Relationship+between+Men+and+Nature+Reflected+by+the+Conflict+between+Captain+Ahab+and+Moby+Dick

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口怖@oversenen.cam

lSSN

1009—5039

OverseasEnglish膏外羹谮

http://www.overseaen.eom

Teh+86—551—5690811

5690812

TheRelationshipbetween

tweenCaptainAhaband

Men

andNatureReflectedbytheConflictbe-

MobyDick

李梦雨

(长安大学外围语学院,陕西西安710064)

Abstract:“MobyDick”iselisbased

on

an

and

in-depthspiritualexplorationaboutbelieE,religion,fate

out

to

nature

withmulti—layeredmeanings.This

nov-

whale-hunungadventure,which山ms

firfromsimple.Applying

beactually

vengeance—seekingvoyage.Theplotishostilerehtionshipbetween

Ve叮simple,yetthe

menandnature,whichisspot-

li曲tedbytheconflictbetweenCaptainAhabandMobyDick.Thisthesisdealswiththerelationshipbetweenmenandnatureaspresentedinthenovel.thesymbolicmeaningthatMelvilleintendstoconveyandhisattitudetowardstheidealrelationshipbetweenmenandnature.

meaningbehinditis

symbolism,Melvilledepicts

Keywords:Captain

Ahab;MobyDick;symbohsm;conflict;manandnature;relationship

中图分类号:1106文献标识码:A文章编号:1009—5039(2012)12-0216-02

1Introduction

Inthrough

tweeo

thoughIshmeal.the

uses

narrator

ofthestory.feestomialc.1proud

scenes

tobeof

thisnovel.Melville

an

symbolism

toillustratehisidea

be

oneoftheCl'eW.at

thenametimeheportrays

after

scenes

adventure,or

nlore

preciselythroughtheconflict

bloodyandruthlessslaughterofthebeautifulcreature,accusingmenofbeinginsatiableandkilling,IshmealalwaysItisobvious

CaptainAhabandMobyDick.SometimesMelvillecondemns

to

brutal.Besides.whenitcomes

thebrutality,orin

nature.

to

tothe

narrates

Ahabbe

demonblindedby

hishatre(1andvengeance.and

at

withgreatcompassionandremorse.

at

asense,

nthershehighlypraiseshiscourageandironwill,consideringhimtheleaderofalIpeople.Tothewhale。heshowsthesameambiva-lence

as

thatMelvilleisindignant

men’soutrageous

behaviours

to

conquer

lo

Ahab.Thewhitewhaleisthemostelegantand

ever

seen

beautiful

when

TheclueofthenovelisPeqoud’svoyage

huntdownMoby

creaturetheworldhas

whencruisinginthe

same

Dick

un—

sea

troubledby

sailors,but

at

the

to

timethecruelestandfiercest

men

thewillofCaptainAhab,thustheconflictbetweenCaptain

AhabandMobyDickis,inadeepsense,theconilictbetweenmen

on

whenemlangered.Itappearsenemieswho

cannever

thereadersthatandnatureare

andnature.ClearLyinthechasethroughtheconflictbetweenthe

two

reachreconciliation,andthedestructionof

Dmtagonists.Melvillepresents

beforethereader¥ahostilerela-

bothsignifieshismisgivingstowardsthisconflict.

tionshipbetweenmenandnature.

2TheSymbolisminConveys

theNovelandthe

Meaning

It

3CaptainAhabandMobyDickandTheirSymbolic

Meanings

behindifisby

Theplotofthenovelissimple.butthemeaning

no

CaptainAhabnovel.Throu【gh

andMobyDick

arethetwo

protagonistsinthe

nature

means

simple.Usingsymbolism,Melville

tunis

thestoryinto

them,therelationshipbetweenmefland

is

spirilual

nature

quest

forthemeaningoftherelationshipbe,tweenmenand

displayedwithoutreserve.

Beingthe

andconveys

messagethatismoreprofoundthanjust

acon-

lcaderof“Pequod”.whichisthemicrocosmof

SictbetweenAhabandMobyDick.Thesettingofthestoryisthe

creatures

Americansociety,CaptainAhabisinmanysensesthesymbolismofall

boundlesssea.which.alongwiththenumerous

livingin

humanbeings.Allthroughthenovel,hepursuesthewhitewhale

crew

to

;t.in(,ludingwhales.istheembodimentoftheuniverse.Thewhal-ingindustry

epitomizes

at

relentlessly.1endinghis

doomandheadingtowardshis

own

theprosperouslyongoingindustrialization

cost

self-destruction.Strong.determinedandbrave.hedevoteshjs

to

life

an

dewdopingrapidlyis

the

ofnature.ThewhalingshipofPequot

killingthewhaleandconqueringnaturebecauseheholds

an

microcosmofAmericansociety

10

and

out

ofthecrew’svarious

re-

thropocentficviewthatman“sitsatopandcontrolsthegreatchain

actionsDlicated

the

chaseoftheWbiteWhale.“Melt illeeonstmctsatom

aboutAmerican

viewof

nature

ofbeing,thatcivilizedmenandwildHeisconvinced.1ikemostofthemustconquernature

toSUlTIVe.

to

beasts.”(Wilson,1995:131)

at

statPment

andlire

exis—

Americansthattimethatmen

fence.”foubbey.1979:29—301

AttllPliraewhenMelville

t九-inAmericahadsurpassed

wrote

MobyDick.thewhalingindus—

na-

ItisnotdifficultdetectHerman

Melville’s

disapprovalof

thoseinthepreviouslyleading

Ahab’sAtiltudetowardsnature.ThisalsoreflectsMelville’sviewtowardsallhumanbeingsthattheyareself--centredandcompletely

nation

Lions,makingAmericathebiggestwhaling

intheworld.It

gneswithoutsayingthatwhalingindustrymadeenormon8contrilm一

}I”一.tu

obliviousofthegraceandgirlsthat

asense

nature

hasgrantedthem,forinwhitewhale,when

thedevelopmentofAmerican

capitalism.Butiowardsthe

CaptainAhabistheepitomeofthem.

at-

hhH:…£industry,Melville

holds

an

ambiguousfeeling.In

thebook,

Theotherprotagonistinthenovel,the

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2012年06月

tacked,is

dangerous

creature

thathasdestroyedmanywhalingmembered.heismuchmorecompassionateandindignantthanhe

isproud.Havingsaidthat.Melville’sattitudebecomesclear

to

shipsandkilledmanysailorswithhermighlystrength.Inmanypen—

the

pie’seyes。thewhitewhaleisinscrutableandmalevolent.the

mvofallseamenwhomaytake

away

erie—

readersbyanalyzingIshmael’stone.Everyonecan

is

see

thatIshmacl

theirlivesat

any

time.Ontheloverofbothnature

andPequod.soisMelville.However,he;s

remorse

on

otherhand.sheisincrediblybeautifulandpure.aninnoeentvictimofpeople’sgreed.ActuallyMobyDickdoes

or

never

vagueinexpressinghisdeep

behalfofthewhole

to

notmeantokillAhab

humanbeingswhenhefloating

on

seeswhalesbeing

cutmereskeleton

anyoneelseforthatmatter

is

Oil

purpose,andsheonlystrikcsbackthesurfaceofthesea.Heprofoundlyhopesthatmenand

whenherlife

endangered.Whileevokingho『rorinpeople’s

at

thewhalecanlireinpeacewitheachother.Thesymbeliemeaning

mind,thewhitenessofherbodyisbeautifuJand

thesame

timeappallinglyoftheendingmakesMelville’smessagestillclearer.Ahab’strage—icpoweristhepowerofAmerica’sdeepestdefiningman

innocent.Thusmanypeopleholdtheviewthatsheis

almostimpossible

to

euhuralcommitment

to

divine.andmostlikelyimmortal.sinceitiskillher.

againstnature.(LaurielandFitzgerald.1983:298)1’11。

destructionofbothAhabandMobyDickimpliesthemessagethat

In

thenovel,bothprotagonistshave

juslificatinn,at

leastforthemselves,tohurttheother,andbothhavedonesomethingdetri。

ment!Ato

theother.Throughtheconflict,Melville1amentsthedam.age

men

havemade

tonature

anddemonstratesthattherelationshipbetweenmenand

natureissomewhatirreconcilable.

4TheRelationshipbetween

Men

andNatut'-e

Inthenovel,Ahab’spursuitforthewhitewhaleisiustlike

whatthewholemankindhasbeendoing,especiallyduringthetime

whenHel'olanMelvillelived.

InthenineteenthcenturywhenMelville

wrote

thissignificant

novel,theconflictbetweenmeuandnature

andthedestructivecon.

sequencesthatwouldsurely

followedhadyetbeenmanifest。but

Melviilehadperceivedthehostilerelationshipandforeseenthedis.arerbroughtbysuch

hostility.Throughthe

two

maincharacters,

Melvilleshowsthereaderswherehestandsintheconilict.WhileaD.

preciatingAmerica’sachievement

on

thesea,hefearsthatAmeri,

caneivilisationwilllcadhuman

todoom.Herealises“industrious

eapitalisticsocietyitselfis

therealcause

of

Ahab’stragedy.”

(Branch.2000:135)

Melville

sees

theconflict

between

menandnatureandthe

Te—

su]toftheeonflict.asindieated

at

theendofthenovel.isthe

de.

struetionofboth.Inhisopinion.theideal

wayto

dealwithnatureis

to

liveinharmonywithitinsteadofbeingagainstit.Th治attitudeis

representedthroushthenarrationofIshmael,anotherimportantfig—oreinthenovel.

5TheHarmoniousRelationship

Thoughmanyofthecreware

nobleandhumane.1shmaeliB

theonly

one

whohasrealizedthebrutalityofhumanandobtained

theinnerharmonyunrealizedbyAhab.thushissurvivalintheend.

Throughthenovel.itisnot

diffieuhtonoticethatIshnmelsome—

times

narrates踮ifspeakingwiththevoiceofMelville.Thoughlike

Melvillehimself,IshmaeJisproudof

thevictorieshumanshave

achievedover

nature.heis

even

moreConceFrled

aboutthedamage

theyhave

done.Wheneverthereis

whalebeingkilledanddis一

本拦日责任煽辑:橱4障

万方数据

natureandhuman

canneverde佑ateachother,and

menare

not

al-

lowedto“stripthe

natureofits

originsIbalance.whichistheveryfoundationforthesurvivalofboth

panics.”fMelville,1999:95)

In

summary。thoughMelville

admireshuman’s

courageand

understandsthehostilitybetweenmenandnature,hestillholdsthefaiththatthey

can

Iirein

harmony.whichisalsotheidealrelation.

shipinhispointofview.

6Conclusion

By

indicating

that

nollecan

conquer

the

odler,Melville,

thoughdoes

not

speakexplicitlyinthenovel,suggests

all

idealrela-

tionshipby

Ishm∞landhissurvival,whichis

to

admireand

usena-

ture

with

grateful

heart.Themessage

at

thetimewhenAmerica

waraggressivelymovingtowardsindustrializationwasbeyondmany

people’scomprehension,howeverat

present,whennatureisbeingrelentlesslydamaged,moreandmore

peoplecome

to

realizethe

ne

cessityofestablishing

harmonious

relationshipwithnature.Re-

cently。themessagefromMelvillehundreds

yearsagoisdriven

home,whichillustratesthevisionandthedepthofMelville.

Havingsaid

so

muchabouttherelationshipbetween

men

and

nature.thereisstillmuchworthdiscussingintheHOVel.Besides

menandnature.it

alsode'Aswith

goodmanyotherthemessuch

as

religion,isolationand

so

on.Thus

to

fullycomprehendthis(IoveJ.

stillrequires

lotofresearch.

Referenees:

【l】Ousbery,Iran.TheConfidenceMan[M].PenguinClassics.1979.【2】2Wilson,EricMelville.Darwin,andtheGreatChainofBeing[M].

Boslon:DeDarEmentofEnglishNortheartemUniversity.1995.

f31Branch,Mieheal.r11}IeModelTlMidEartlM].UniversityofNebras.

kaPress.2000.

f4]HarrisL,SheiIaFitzger'Ada1.ed,Nineteenth-CenturyLiterature

Criticism,Vol12.1M1.GaleResearchCompany,1983.

【5】Melville,Herman.Maby-Dick(Enriched

Classics

Series)[M].Ten

nessee

Press.19199.

The Relationship between Men and Nature Reflected bythe Conflict between Captain Ahab and Moby Dick

作者:作者单位:刊名:英文刊名:年,卷(期):

李梦雨

长安大学外国语学院,陕西西安,710064海外英语(上)Overseas English2012(6)

参考文献(5条)

1.Ousbery,Iran The Confidence Man 1979

2.Wilson Eric Melville,Darwin,and the Great Chain of Being 19953.Braneh,Micheal The Modern Mid East 2000

4.Harris L;Sheila Fitzgerald al Nineteenth-Century Literature Criticism 19835.Melville,Herman Moby-Dick (Enriched Classics Series) 1999

引用本文格式:李梦雨 The Relationship between Men and Nature Reflected by the Conflict betweenCaptain Ahab and Moby Dick[期刊论文]-海外英语(上) 2012(6)

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