Lesson Ten The Joker(I)课文解释，练习答案，语法讲解，历年试

Lesson Ten The Joker （Ⅰ）

Jake Allsop

Learning Guide

在亨利．格朗德的葬礼上，人们谈笑风生，争相讲述死者的逸闻趣事，品评他那笑话连翩的一生。他这一辈子除了会讲笑话，爱开玩笑之外，好像是一事无成，与他 四位成就斐然的兄长相比真不像是格朗德家族的成员。继而人们回忆起有他身世的逸事。似乎没有人感到一丝的悲伤，葬礼就在这种欢快的气氛中进行着……

一. Word List 1.joker 爱开玩笑的人 v. joke 开玩笑 2.late 已故的

her late husband 她过世的丈夫 the late president 已故的总统 3. coffin['k?f?n] 棺材

4. jolly['d??l?] 愉快的，快乐的 5. stay 维持（某状态等） 6. gypsy['d?ipsi 吉卜赛人；流浪汉 7. actually 居然，竟然

8. make 获得，赚（钱、名声等） 9.expression 表情 表达方式 eg: important expressions 常用短语

10. dip 使……（在液体中）泡（一下），（使）浸，（使）沾 11. thumb[θ?m] 拇指 m后面的b 不发音 e.g. tomb. 12. forefinger 食指

指头

A。 thumb 大拇指 B。 forefinger 食指 C. middle finger/ long finger

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D. ring finger 无名指 E. little finger 小指

钩钩手指头remember you have promised me 13.roll 转动，滚动 14.quality 质量；品质 cf. quantity n 数量

15.serve 端上，盛（饭菜等）；拿出……款待（某人） cf. service n 16. practical joke 恶作剧

17. play 耍（花招），搞（恶作剧） 18. road-mender 道路修理工，养路工人 19. workman （男）工人 20. phone 给（某人）打电话

20.old （口语）用作表示亲密或戏谑等的用语 21.abstract （指艺术）抽象派的 抽象的 22. painter 画家 paint v& v 油漆 painting n 油画 23. latest 最近的，最新的

late 晚点，迟到 已故的 later 后来 latest 最新的 24.somehow 以某种方式，通过某种途径 25. upside 颠倒地，反倒过来地

downside 下降趋势（价格方面）, 消极面, 负面

26. run

（指活动、戏等）持续，连演

27. unimportant 微不足道的，不重要的 28. well-to-do 富有的，富裕的 29. lot 一类或一些（人或物） 30.blue-eyed 蓝眼睛的 31.fair-haired 金发的

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32. ambitious 有雄心的，有抱负的；有野心的 ambition n 雄心，野心 33.produce 生育（后代）

34.fair （皮肤）白皙的；（头发）浅色的 35. eldest （兄弟姐妹中）最年长的

36. clergyman['kl?:d?im?n] （基督教的）教士，牧师 37. amaze 使……大为惊讶

38. good-for-nothing 无用的人，懒惰的人，废物，饭桶

e.g. He who knows nothing but pretends to know everything,is indeed good-for-nothing.

不懂装懂永远是饭桶 39..unlike 与……不同，不像

cf. like, alike, likely, dislike 40. charming 有魅力的，迷人的

n. charm

41.lady-killer 使女人倾心的男人 42.human 人类的，人的 43.pastime 消遣，娱乐

44. energetic 精力充沛的，充满活力的 cf. energy n

45. blade （植物的）叶片

46. present adj. 现在的，目前的 n 礼物 v 赠送，呈现

eg: my present job

47. wild adj. 放荡不羁的，不守规矩的

wild flower 野花

wild animal n. 野生动物；野兽 wild goose n. 野鹅，雁 wild boar [动]野猪

wild rose n. 野玫瑰；[植]野蔷薇 wild life 野生鸟兽

48. wicked adj. 邪恶的，缺德的 adv. adv.极端地, 非常地

a wicked smile 不怀善意的微笑 What wicked weather! 天气真糟糕！ .

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a wicked slander 恶毒的诽谤 tricky [wicked] trader 奸诈的商人 49.immoral 不道德的，淫荡的

moral adj 道德的，伦理的

由 m/p, l , r, 开头的单词，其反义词分别在其前加 im-/il-/ir构成反义词

e.g. possible----impossible, movable----immovable 固定的 （以 m/p 开头的单词） e.g. regular---irregular 不规则的，不定期的 （以 r 开头的单词） e.g. legal –illegal 非法的 （以 l 开头的单词） 50.romantic 浪漫的 51.surely 无疑，当然 52. untrue 不真实的 53. talent 天才，超常智能

二、课文分析 Page 221 Para. 1

1 It was a very happy funeral, a great success. Even the sun shone that day for the late Henry Ground. (head sentence : funeral---- happy, success)

这是一个欢乐的葬礼，而且很成功。那天就连太阳也为已故的亨利?格朗德张开了笑脸。 A. funeral n 葬礼

B. shone 是shine 的过去式， 闪亮，发出光；反射光 C. late adj 已故的

2. Lying in his coffin, he was probably enjoying himself, too. Once more, and for the last time on this earth, he was the centre of attention.

他躺在棺材里，或许和别人一样快乐。他再一次，也是在人间最后一次成 为人们注意的中心。

A. Lying in his coffin 现在分词作伴随状语 B. enjoy oneself 过得愉快，感到快乐 C. once more 再一次

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D. the center of attention 人们关注的焦点/中心

3. Yes, it was a very jolly affair. People laughed and told each other jokes. Relatives who had not spoken for years smiled at each other and promised to stay in touch. And, of course, everyone had a favorite story to tell about Henry.

的确，这是一件非常愉快的事情。人们笑着，彼此间讲着笑话。那些已经许多年不说话的亲戚们相互微笑，并说好要保持联系。当然，关于亨利 每个人都有件津津乐道的事情可谈。 A. jolly adj.愉快的, 快乐的 B. tell jokes 讲笑话

C. who had not spoken for years 多年没有交往（讲话）的亲戚 D. stay in touch 保持联系）（keep in touch）

be in/out of touch with （与…）有（没有）联系 get in touch with （与…）取得联系 lose touch with （与…）失去联系 E. favorite adj. 最喜欢的

my favorite song Para. 2 Page 221

4. ―Do you remember the time he dressed up as a gypsy and went from door to door telling people's fortunes? He actually made 6 pounds in an afternoon!‖

―你还记得那次他化装成吉普赛人挨家挨户给人算命吗？一个下午他竟然挣了6英镑！‖ A. the time he dressed up as….. , he dressed up 是定语从句。该句省略了关系副词 when.

B. dress up 打扮，装扮，化妆 C. tell fortunes卖卜测字 算卦

D. make 6 pounds 挣了六英镑 make money 挣钱 Para.3 Page 221

5. ―I was once having dinner with him in an expensive restaurant. ―一次我和他在一家价格昂贵的饭店正吃着饭， A. once 一次， 曾经

6. When the wine-waiter brought the wine, he poured a drop into Henry's glass and waited with

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a proud expression on his face, as if to say ?Taste it, you peasant.

负责倒酒的侍者送来了酒，他往亨利的杯子里倒了一点儿酒，然后面带傲慢的神色等

在一边，好像是要说：?会品 酒吗？你这个乡巴佬！ A. a proud expression on his face 傲慢的神色 B. as if (though) 似乎，好像 as if 的用法

一、as if 从句的作用

1）． 在look, seem 等系动词后引导表语从句。 如： She looks as if she were ten years younger．

她看起来好像年轻了十岁。

It seems as if our team is going to win． 看来我们队要胜了。

2）． 引导方式状语从句。

如： She loves the boy as if she were his mother．

她爱这男孩，就好像她是他的母亲一样。 The child talked to us as if he were a grownup． 那孩子跟我们谈起话来，像个成年人似的。

二、as if 还可用于省略句中

如果as if 引导的从句是―主语＋系动词‖结构，可省略主语和系动词，这样as if 后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词（短语）、介词短语或分词。 如：

He acts as if （he was） a fool． 他做事像个傻子。

Tom raised his hands as if （he was going） to say something． 汤姆举起手好像要说什么。

She left the room hurriedly as if （she was）angry． 她匆忙离开房间好像生气的样子。

7.It's clear that you know nothing about wine. ' So Henry, instead of tasting it, the way any normal person would do, dipped his thumb and forefinger into the wine.

很显然你根本不懂酒。‘于是，亨利并没有像常人那样去品酒，而是用大拇指和食指在酒中浸了一下。 A instead of 相反

B. the way 指前面的 tasting it 品尝

C. any normal person would do 常人都会那样做（品尝） 说明Henry 非常人之处 D. dip…. into 把…..浸泡在….

8. Then he put his hand to his ear and rolled his forefinger and thumb together as if he were listening to the quality of the wine!

接着，他把手放到耳边，将大拇指和食 指搓起来，好像是在听酒的质量。

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A. rolled his forefinger and thumb together 将大拇指和食 指搓起来

B. as if he were listening to the quality of the wine

虚拟语气中 动词 be 一律用 were 没有was 形式。

9.Then he nodded to the wine-waiter seriously, as if to say ?Yes, that's fine. You may serve it. 然后，他严肃地向侍者点点头，好像在说?行，这酒不错，你可以倒了。 A. nod to sb 向某人点头 B. serve

.服务, 侍候, 担任, 可作 ... 用, 度过, 对待 这里指斟酒

10.' You should have seen the wine-waiter' s face! and how Henry managed to keep a straight face, I'll never know!‖

‘你该瞧瞧侍者的脸！亨利怎么还能一本正经地板着脸 孔，我永远也弄不明白。‖ A. should + 完成时态 表示责备 肯定形式：表示该做某事而没做

e.g. You should have come here earlier. 否定式表示做了不该做的事情

e.g. You should not have told her about it.你不该把这件事告诉她的。 B. manage to = succeed in 成功做某事

e.g. How on earth do they manage to rob the bank?

他们到底怎么抢了银行的？

C. keep a straight face 绷着脸忍住不笑，保持严肃样子

e.g. Bob fell into the water, he looked funny and I could hardly keep a straight face.

鲍布掉入水中时，看起来很滑稽，我几乎禁不住笑出来。 Page 222 Para. 4

11. ―Did you hear about the practical joke he played when he was a student, the one with the

road-menders?

―你听说过他还是学生时做的恶作剧吗？就是捉弄修路工人的那个恶作剧。 A. practical joke 恶作剧

B。 the one 指前面的 practical joke C. road-menders 修路工

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12. Some workmen were digging a hole in the road. First, Henry phoned the police and told them

that some students were digging a hole in the road, and that he didn't think it was a very funny thing to do.

几个修路工人正在马路上挖一个坑。亨利先给警察打电话，说几个学生正在路上挖坑，

他觉得这可不是闹着玩的事。 A . workmen 指前面的 road-menders

B. didn‘t think it was a very funny thing to do 否定的转移。表面的否定前面的think , 真

正否定的是后面的 it was not a very funny thing to do.

13.Then he went to the workmen and told them that some students had dressed up as policemen

and were coming to tell them to stop digging the hole! Well, you can imagine what happened!‖

然后他又来到那些工人那里，告诉他们一群学生化装成警察，马上要来叫他们停止挖

坑！哈，你能想像出后来发生了什么事情！‖ A were coming 进行时，表将来。 B. stop doing 停止做某事。 Page 222 Para. 5

14. ―Yes, old Henry loved to pull people's legs. Once, when he was invited to an exhibition of some abstract modern painter's latest work, he managed somehow to get in the day before and turn all the paintings upside down. The exhibition ran for four days before anyone noticed !‖

―对，老亨利喜欢捉弄人。一次，他被邀请去参观某位现代抽象派画家的最新作品展览，而前一天他就设法进入展览馆，把所有的作品都倒了过来。画展进行了4天后才有人发现。‖

A. pull people‘s legs 是俚语，意思是：开某人玩笑，捉弄某人，愚弄某人 e.g. He always pulls people‘s legs in his famous program Lucky52,which makes us laugh

他总是在他的著名节目―幸运52‖上 开别人的玩笑，逗我们开心。

B. abstract modern painter 抽象派画家

作者对抽象派画家的嘲讽，画的画一般人看不懂，倒着也一样，反正看不懂。 C. turn ….upside down 倒过来，

D. ran 是run的过去式 这里的 run指 运转，即展览 E. before 才

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e.g. He kicked about a great deal before settling down.

他东奔西走了好久才定居下来。 e.g. We'll need outside help before we can finish.

我们需要外界援助才能完成 Page 223 Para.6

15―His father, poor man, could never understand why Henry did such crazy things.‖ ―他的父亲，可怜的人，永远也不会明白为什么亨利爱做这些疯狂的事情。‖

Page 223 Para.7

16.―It's hard to believe that Henry was a Ground when you think how different he was from his

brothers.‖

―要是考虑到他和他的几个哥哥是那么不一样，真是难以相信他会是格朗德家族的员。‖ A. Ground 姓氏 根据发音，翻译为 ：格朗德 a Ground 格朗德家族的一员 B. different from 与…不同，不一样

Page 223 Para. 8

17. Yes, it was difficult to believe that he was a Ground. He was born into an unimportant but

well-to-do family. He was the youngest of five sons.

确实，很难相信他会是格朗德家族的一员。他出身于社会地位不高但相当富有的家

庭。 是兄弟五人中最小的一个。

A. it 形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式 to believe that….. B. be born into 出生于…..家庭

e.g. He had the advantage over other boys of being born into a rich family.

他与其他男孩相比的有利条件是出生在一个有钱的家庭。 C. well-to-do adj. 小康的；富裕的

in fortunate circumstances financially; moderately rich

e.g. He gave the appearance of a well-to-do businessman. 他装出一副有钱商人的模样

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e.g.

The house had a well-to-do look.这房屋有华丽的外观。

18. The Grounds were a handsome lot: blue-eyed, fair-haired, clever and ambitious. 格朗德一家长得都很帅：蓝色的眼睛，金色的头 发，聪明且有抱负。 A. lot n

许多, 大量, 抽签, 签, 命运, 一块地, 拍卖品, 一类或一些(人或物),批, 套,份儿

adv.很,非常

e.g. Can you identify your umbrella among this lot?

你能在这些伞中认出你自己的伞吗？

(一类物品)

e.g. I would not want to share his lot.

我可不愿和他同甘共苦。

(一份儿)

19.The four older boys all made a success of their lives. They married beautiful girls of good

family, and produced children as fair and handsome and clever as themselves.

他的四个哥哥都发展得很顺利。他们都和富裕人家的女孩结了婚，生下了和他们一样白

肤金发、漂亮聪明的孩子。

A。 made a success of their lives= made their lives successful使他们的生活很成功（顺利） make 的这一用法 表示，使后者成为前者

其结构：

① make sth. of sb. ② make sth. of sth.

e.g. You have made a terrible mess of this job. 你把这件事儿搞得一团糟。 e.g. It‘s important to try and make something of your life.

在一生中有所成就是相当重要的。

e.g. We‘ll make a tennis player of you yet. 我们会让你成为一名网球选手的。 B. as fair and handsome and clever as themselves as +形容词原级 +as 和….程度一样

C。 fair . 公平的；美丽的，白皙的；[气象] 晴朗的

handsome（男子）英俊的；可观的；大方的，慷慨的；健美而端庄的

20. The eldest became a clergyman; the second ended up as the headmaster of a famous public

school; the third went into business and became rich; the fourth followed in his father's footsteps and became a lawyer.

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