Lesson One The Time Message课文解释，练习答案，语法讲解，历

Introduction

一、必备教材

《综合英语一》教材上下册、 《综合英语一》自学辅导上下册、

《综合英语一》上下册配套磁带（共4盘）。

二、考试内容介绍 （后面附有2012年4月全国考试真题）

1.语法及词汇选择题20个，每题1分，共20分，其中1道语法、10道词汇。

注：教材及练习册中针对本部分的练习题很少，需要进行大量额外的练习，建议通过大学公共英语四级或略低于四级的练习题来加强和完善。

2.阅读理解共2篇短文，每篇短文5道题，每题1分，共10分。

注：教材及练习册中没有针对本部分的练习题，同样需要进行大量额外的练习，建议通过 大学公共英语四级或略低于四级的练习题来加强和完善。

注意：以上（选择和阅读理解）两个部分共40分，只有通过大量的练习才能掌握，除此之外没有其它途径！！！大家可以参看一下2005年1月的全国考试，词汇和语法的选择题难度较从前有大幅提高，如果没有平时做题的基础，基本上很难在这两个部分得到高分。 3.将单词中画线部分标注音标，共20小题，每题0.5分，共10分。

注：教材及练习册中没有专门针对本部分的练习题，需要大家熟练掌握每课课文后的生词

表中的单词音标，尤其是元音音标及发音特殊

4.完型填空共分两部分：

（1）用给定的12个单词填进1个短文中的10个空格中，共10道题，每题0.5分，共5分。此部分在教材中每一课的课后练习中有涉及，但要注意的是教材的练习题是10个单词填10个空。

（2）从教材的32篇课文中截取一段，去掉其中的10个单词，要求考生将缺失的单词准确

地填进去，每题0.5分，共5分。

5.根据所学课文内容完成句子，共10个句子，每题2分，共20分。

注：本部分是整个考试的难点，实际上是教材中每课后面“根据课文内容回答问题”的变 形，主要考察考生对课文中重要事实和表述的理解程度及书面表达能力。

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6.汉译英，共10道题，每题2分，共20分。主要考察考生对重点句型和重点短语的驾御能力。

三、本课程授课的基本进度

整套教材共2册，共32个Lessons, 每个Lesson讲2此课，第1次渴讲解课文部分，第2次 课讲解课文后面的习题。

附：综合英语（一）试题（全国2003年10月）

全国2012年4月高等教育自学考试

综合英语（一）试题 课程代码：00794

请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上

I．语法和词汇。从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并填在答题纸相应的位置。错选、多选或未选均无分。(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 1. This camera is so easy to use; _____ a child could take good pictures with it. A. yet C. but

B. even D. since

2. _____ of the figures seems correct. Would you check them carefully? A. Neither C. Either

B. Both D. All

3. He had hardly left the building _____ the bomb exploded. A. than C. when

B. before D. after

4. They have different views on the comment- _____ the daughter sees it as criticism, the mother takes it as praise. A. why C. where

B. how D. if

5. This plan probably won’t work either- but you must do _____ to help her.

A. a thing C. things

B. something D. nothing

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6. I would rather you _____ this to him yourself. When I tried to speak to him last time, he didn’t listen. A. say C. said

B. will say D. would say

7. For most people, common cold is a mild illness _____ they will quickly recover.

A. over that C. from that

B. over which D. from which

8. We definitely are not the perfect couple, _____ we don’t pretend to be so.

A. and C. for

B. or D. because

9. Could you please tell me where _____ find Professor Smith? His wife has just called his office.

A. I can C. would I

B. can I D. I would

10. Everything _____ very different if your father were alive.

A. is C. was

B. will be D. would be

11. _____ would be wonderful to be able to meet the famous movie star in person.

A. It C. There

B. That D. This

12. When I entered the room, I saw him _____ in a front seat staring at a picture in a strange way.

A. to sit C. sat

B. is sitting D. sitting

13. Not only _____ about the food, but he also refused to pay for it.

A. he complained C. he had complained

B. did he complain D. he did complain

14. I am not very good _____ maths. Would you please work out the total cost of our trip?

A. in C. on

B. for D. at

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15. It took them a long time to _____ the fire because of the strong wind.

A. put off C. put out

B. take off D. take out

16. Things will settle down as time goes by. They’ll never be the same, _____.

A. instead C. though

B. yet D. too

17. I _____ her my bicycle last month, but she has not returned it yet.

A. borrowed C. gave

18. — I swam a kilometer today.

----- Well _____ ！ You must be very fit. A. made C. worked

B. done D. kept B. sent D. lent

19. Clearly it is with great _____ that he admitted his mistakes in public.

A. reward C. request

B. response D. reluctance

20. The man _____ laughing at the idea of an invasion bringing about democracy.

A. burst out C. turned out

II．阅读理解。认真阅读下列两篇短文，根据短文的内容从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并填在答题纸相应的位置上。错选、多选或未选均无分。（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分） Passage 1

Shortly after the war, my brother and I were invited to spend a few days with an uncle who had just returned from abroad. He had rented a cottage in the country, although he rarely spent much time there. We understood the reason for this after our arrival: the cottage had no comfortable furniture in it, many of the windows were broken and the roof leaked, making the whole house damp.

On our first evening, we sat around the fire after supper listening to the stories which our uncle had to tell of his many adventures in distant countries. I was so tired after the long train journey that I would have preferred to go to bed; but I could not bear to miss any of my uncle?s exciting tales.

He was just in the middle of describing a rather terrifying experience he had once had when there was

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B. burst into D. turned into

a loud crash from the bedroom above, the one where my brother and I were going to sleep. “It sounds as if the roof has fallen in!” exclaimed my uncle, with a loud laugh.

When we got to the top of the stairs and opened the bedroom door, we could see nothing at first because of the thick clouds of dust which filled the room. When the dust began to clear, a strange sight met our eyes. A large part of the ceiling had collapsed, falling right on to the pillow of my bed. I was glad that I had stayed up late to listen to my uncle?s stories, otherwise I should certainly have been seriously injured, perhaps killed.

That night we all slept on the floor to the sitting room downstairs, not wishing to risk our lives by sleeping under a roof which might at any moment collapse on our heads. We left for London the very next morning and my uncle gave up his cottage in the country. This was not the kind of adventure he cared for either!

21. The uncle seldom spent much time in the country cottage because ______. A. the roof of the cottage was falling C. he was used to living abroad

B. the cottage was in a bad condition D. there was no furniture in it

22. The word “crash” (Line 2, Paragraph 3) most probably refers to ______. A. a cry of terror C. a sound of storm

B. a sudden ring D. a sudden noise

23. When they opened the bedroom door, they could see nothing at first because ______. A. it was completely dark inside C. something strange blinded them

B. dust was blown into their eyes D. there was too much dust in the air

24. The narrator felt glad that he had stayed up late because ______. A. he did not miss the exciting stories C. he had a lucky escape

B. he spent more time with his uncle D. he saw a strange sight

25. Which of the following can best describe the narrator’s uncle? A. Adventurous and good at storytelling. C. Good-tempered and sensible. Passage 2

You might ask, what is Chinglish, anyway? It depends on whom you ask. Chinese parents raising their children in English-speaking countries will probably answer: Chinglish is a useful mix of standard Chinese or Cantonese terms with day-to-day English. It is indeed convenient to shorten a sentence such as “I don?t want to go now because it is too hot and it will be hard to find a parking lot anyway” into “Don?t go la, hot la, tai mafan la.” For the Chinese high-school teacher, Chinglish is the students? unsuccessful attempts to understand English in a Chinese way, resulting in sentences such as “Please

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B. Humorous and good at making jokes. D. Hospitable and wealthy.

hurry to walk or we?ll be late” or “She is very miserable and her heart broke.” However, the English-speaking traveler more frequently comes across Chinglish in the form of public signs. No matter how one looks at the phenomenon, one thing is clear: Chinglish is not a language.

Chinglish might be found, according to some scholars, in Chinese Pidgin (混杂语) English, which came to life in the eighteenth century when the British set up their first trading posts in Guangzhou. The term came from the word “business” and served, according to the great Yale China scholar Jonathan Spencer, “to keep the differing communities in touch, by mixing words from Portuguese, Indian, English, and various Chinese dialects, and spelling them according to Chinese grammar.” Some believe that expressions like “Long time no see” or “No can do” appeared during that time. Others refer to the late Qing-Dynasty Empress Dowager Cixi, who forced Chinese villagers to live and work in the West in the nineteenth and early twentieth century. Another possibility is the so-called Yangjingbang , a mix of English and Chinese in the time of Lu Xun, China?s greatest twentieth-century writer. Very influential, too, are the large numbers of people from China to the United States, who came from the Gold Rush time to the last twenty-five years since the beginning of China?s policy of Reform and Opening. No matter which theory one prefers, two things are certain: first, Chinglish exists because people move, and second, as a language phenomenon (现象), it is almost new. Although most Chinglish expressions are widely regarded as mistakes, occasionally some are found enjoyable. Such errors will not die, as they keep coming all the more in our time, largely thanks to the Internet. 26. According to the passage, Chinglish is regarded as useful by ______. A. some western scholars B. English-speaking travelers C. Chinese high-school teachers

D. Chinese parents in English-speaking countries 27. The second paragraph mainly discusses ______. A. why Chinglish became popular B. how Chinglish came into being C. who invented the term “Chinglish” D. where Chinglish was most popular

28. According to Jonathan Spencer, Pidgin English serves to ______. A. force Chinese villagers to learn English B. overcome language difficulties in business C. help peoples communicate with each other D. enlarge the vocabulary of the Chinese language

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29. According to the passage, Yangjingbang (Line 11, Paragraph 2) is ______. A. a kind of Chinglish C. a mix of any two languages

B. an influential language D. a language in Lu Xun?s time

30. The author’s attitude towards Chinglish can be described as ______. A. critical C. emotional

B. objective D. supportive

III．用国际音标标出下列单词中划线字母或字母组合的读音，写在答题纸上的相应位置。(本大题共20小题，每小题0.5分，共10分)(注意：使用新式或老式音标均可) 31. cough 33. Jewish 35. means 37. smoothly 39. flour 41. choke 43. flood 45. urge 47. store 49. orange

32. fasten 34. favourite 36. butcher 38. hunger 40. disease 42. luxury 44. amaze 46. blank 48. grades 50. growth

IV．完形填空。请将你的答案写在答题纸上的相应位置。(本大题共20小题，每小题0.5分，共10分)

A．从下列单词中选择恰当的词填空，每个词只能用一次。

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develop if made same on unless last sense likely to read tell

Friends play a very important part in everyone?s life. Friendship begins to 51 early in childhood. As you progress through school, new friends are 52 . Those friends you make when you are a student usually 53 a long time. Friends influence your development, your maturity and your 54 of responsibility. A familiar expression is “You can 55 a lot about a person by knowing who his friends are.” Friendship is often based 56 common interests. If you like sports, most of your friends are 57 to be sporty. If you enjoy reading and shopping, most of your friends like to do the 58 .

True friends are those you can talk 59 about any subject or problem. They are most valuable, but difficult to find. You can consider yourself very lucky 60 you have one true friend. This friend is ready to help you whenever necessary, knowing that you would do the same for him or her. B.根据课文的内容在每个空白处填入一个恰当的词。

For many, the ultimate deposit to the Emotional Bank Account comes in forgiving.

When you forgive, you open the channels 61 . trust and unconditional love. You cleanse your heart. You also remove a major obstacle 62 keeps others from changing- because when you don?t 63 , you put yourself between people and their conscience. Instead 64 spending their energy on work with their own conscience, they 65 it defending and justifying their behavior to you.

In 66 you do for your family, keep in 67 the miracle of the Chinese bamboo. After the seed is 68 , new, taller shoots appear until the bamboo reaches full height. 69 the most dramatic growth is underground, where the 70 grow very strong. With this support, the bamboo can reach a height of 120 feet!

V．根据所学课文内容完成句子。将你的答案写在答题纸上的相应位置。(本大题共10小题，每小

题2分，共20分)

71. In “Night Watch”, the author concludes that the wrong Marine proved in a very human way that

there are people who care _____ .

72. According to the author of “Happiness”, long-term happiness is a process of moving towards

worthwhile goals and contributing towards _____ .

73. The man in “Little Things Are Big” finally makes a promise that when faced with a situation like that

again he is going to _____.

74. According to “How Dictionaries Are Made”, the writer of a dictionary is _____ , not a lawgiver. 75. In “The Mystery of the Silver Box”, Mr. Grayson turned to the detective for help because he wanted

to know _____.

76. The author of “Another School Year-What For?” believes that students go to universities for _____ . 77. According to Dr. Applebaum in “Unreality of TV”, if you ask a taxi driver to follow a car in real life,

he won?t do it because that means _____ .

78. The author of “In the Laboratory” learned a lot from Professor Agassiz?s lesson which influenced

_____ .

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79. The author of “The Time Message” suggests that Sunday is a good day for study while Saturday is

the day for ______ .

80. According to “The English Character”, one of the most elementary roles of life for the English is

“never hit a man when he is down”- in other words,_____.

VI．汉译英。将下列句子译成英语，写在答题纸上的相应位置。(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)

81．不要松开绳子，否则你会掉到河里。 82．战争爆发时我们还在上大学。

83．在回家的路上，他遇见了十年未见的老朋友。

84．我不想去参加约翰的生日聚会，因为我和他的兄弟们在一起感到不自在。 85．他没想到这家公司会遇到麻烦。

86．在老师和同学的鼓励下，他成功地作了第一次演讲。 87．只确立目标而没有行动是没有用的。

88．那时由于没有文化，他被自己的孩子看不起。 89．要是没有你的帮助，我想不出这么好的主意。 90．他现在不能决定是继续上学还是找一份工作。

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