高考英语一轮复习 Unit 5 Nelson Mandelaa modern hero素材 新人

Unit 5 Nelson Mandela—

a modern hero

1．achievement n．成就；成绩；功绩

2．ambitious adj.有雄心壮志的

3．background n．背景

4．characteristic adj.典型的；独特的

5．contribution n．贡献

6．outgoing adj.爱交际的；外向的

7．outstanding adj.优秀的；杰出的

8．be gifted at对……有天赋

9．be enthusiastic about对……热心

10．make efforts to do sth.努力做某事

经典语篇

为了纪念特蕾莎修女，某英文报社组织了一次作文比赛，请你根据以下要点，以“Life of Mother Teresa”为题，写一篇100词左右的介绍特蕾莎修女的文章参赛。

1．1910年生于南斯拉夫，20岁时去了印度当老师；1946年离开学校当了一名护士；

2．她心地善良，在印度帮助穷人、病人、无家可归的人等；

3．建学校和医院，到各地演讲，呼吁人们关心穷人；

4．1979年获得诺贝尔和平奖。

佳作欣赏

Life of Mother Teresa

Mother Teresa is one of the greatest women in the world.

She was born in Yugoslavia in 1910.At the age of 20，she went to India.There she first worked as a teacher. ① However，in 1946 Mother Teresa left the school and after that，she was trained to become a nurse. ②She was so kind that she began helping the poor，the sick and the homeless in India.Besides，Mother Teresa opened many schools and hospitals in poor countries.While she was traveling，she called on people to help those in trouble. ③ In 1979，she was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for the love and the service she had given to unfortunate people.

思维发散

1．将第①句改为复合句

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At the age of 20，she went to India

，where she first worked as a teacher.

2．将第②句改为含有定语从句的复合句

However，in 1946 Mother Teresa left the school，after which she was trained to become a nurse.

3．将第③句改为省略句

While traveling，she called on people to help those in trouble.

Ⅰ.重点单词

A．写作单词

1．quality (n.)品质；质量；性质

2．active (adj.)积极的；活跃的

3．vote (vt.)& (vi.)投票；选举；(n.)投票；选票；表决

4．attack (vt.)进攻；抨击；攻击

5．equal (adj.)相等的；平等的

6．willing (adj.)乐意的；自愿的

7．hopeful (adj.)有希望的

8．escape (vi.& vt.)逃脱；逃走；泄露

9．beg (vi.)请求；乞求

10．reward (n.)报酬；奖金；(vt.)酬劳；奖赏

11．opinion (n.)意见；看法；主张

12．devote (vt.)献身；专心于

devoted (adj.)忠实的；深爱的

13．peaceful (adj.)和平的；平静的；安宁的

peace (n.)和平

14．legal (adj.)法律的；依照法律的

illegal (adj.)非法的

15．educate (vt.)教育；训练

educated (adj.)受过教育的；有教养的

B．阅读单词

16．mean (adj.)吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的

17．generous (adj.)慷慨的；大方的

18．principle (n.)法则；原则；原理

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19．league (n.)同盟；联盟；联合会

20．youth (n.)青年；青年时期

21．fee (n.)费；酬金

22．guidance (n.)指导；领导

23．lawyer (n.)律师

24．republic (n.)共和国；共和政体

25．found (vt.)建立；建设

26．relative (n.)亲戚；亲属

27．terror (n.)恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖时期；恐怖活动

28．cruelty (n.)残忍；残酷

29．sentence (vt.)判决；宣判

30．president (n.)总统；会长；校长；行长

31．blanket (n.)毯子；毛毯

32．unfair (adj.)不公平的；不公正的

33．self (n.)自我；自身

selfish (adj.)自私的

selfless (adj.)无私的；忘我的

selflessly (adv.)无私地；忘我地

34．violence (n.)暴力；暴行

violent (adj.)暴力的；猛烈的

Ⅱ.重点短语

1．out of work失业

2．as a matter of fact/in fact事实上

3．blow up使充气；爆炸

4．in trouble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中

5．turn to求助于；致力于

6．lose heart丧失勇气或信心

7．come to power上台；当权

8．set up设立，建立；搭起

9．be sentenced to被判处……(徒刑)

10．in one’s opinion在某人看来

Ⅲ.经典句式

1．However，this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. 然而在那个时候，你要想住在约翰内斯堡就非得要有身份证不可。

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2．The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress，until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.

过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。

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．...we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less

important，or fight the government.

……我们被置于这样一种境地：要么被迫承认我们低人一等，要么与政府作斗争。4．...only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.

……只有到那个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。

5．I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.

第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我感觉很糟。

Ⅳ.课文语法填空

Elias，a poor black worker in South Africa，said that the time 1.when he first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of his life.In 1952，he went to see Mandela，a black lawyer，for advice.Mandela was generous with his time，for 2.which Elias was very grateful.

He began school at six，but he had to leave school two years later 3.because his family couldn’t afford the school fees and the bus fare.4.As a result，he had very little education.After 5.trying(try) hard，he got a job in a gold mine.However，to live in Johannesburg，one had got to have a passbook.Not having one because he was not born there，he worried about 6.whether he would become out of work.

Then Mandela helped him，telling him how to get the correct papers 7.to stay(stay) in Johannesburg.He became more hopeful about his future and later joined the ANC Youth League e49ed8f8260c844769eae009581b6bd97e19bc76anized(organize) by Mandela.Just as Mandela put it，the blacks were so badly treated that they had reached a stage 9.where they had almost no rights at all.

In 1963，he helped Mandela blow up some government buildings.He knew that only by answering violence 10.with violence could they achieve their dream of making black and white people equal.

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1. devote v.献身；致力；专心于；把……用于give most of...to

[应试指导] 过去分词作定语、状语的考查

1devote...to...把……致力于……，专心于……

2devoted adj .忠实的,be devoted to 致力于，献身于；热爱……

3devotion n.奉献；关照

(1)Her life was devoted to caring for the sick and needy.

她一生都致力于关心照顾贫病交迫的人。

(2)Alanna has always shown intense devotion to her children.

阿兰娜一直深爱着她的孩子们。

多维训练

(1)用devote的正确形式填空

①He is highly thought of because of his devotion to duty.

②His life is one devoted to the people.

(2)同义句改写

He devoted himself to community activities and was praised by the people around.

①Devoting himself to community activities，he was praised by the people around.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)

②Devoted to community activities，he was praised by the people around.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)

2. equal adj.相同的，相等的the same in...；平等的；相当的；能胜任的fit；capable；n.同等的人；相等物；v.与……相等，等于be the same in...；比得上；抵得过be as good as...

[应试指导] equally写作关联词

1be equal in在……方面比得上

be equal to sth./doing sth.等于……；与……相等；胜任……

on equal terms在对等的条件下

2without equal/have no equal无与伦比

(1)The amount of radiation was equal to using a mobile phone for two half-hour periods per day.

辐射量相当于每天使用两次、每次半小时的手机所接受的辐射。

(2)He is a player without equal.

他是个无与伦比的运动员。

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多维训练

(1)单句语法填空

①He is equal to Tom in ability.

②The two countries had a conversation on equal terms.

(2)一句多译

他能胜任这项工作。

①He is equal to the job.(equal)

②He is up to the job.(up)

③He is fit for the job.(fit)

④He is qualified to do/for doing the job.(qualified)

3. escape v.逃脱；逃走；逃避；被遗忘；泄漏；n.逃脱

1escape from从……逃脱；逃避

escape doing/being done逃避被做某事

escape death 死里逃生

2 a narrow escape九死一生

(1)He escaped from the enemy’s prison.

他从敌人的监狱逃了出来。

(2)Mike often attempts to escape being fined whenever he breaks traffic regulations. 无论什么时候违反交通规则，迈克总是设法逃避罚款。

(3)He had a narrow escape.

他九死一生。

[特别提醒]

注意下面两个短语的区别：

escape from prison越狱

escape prison逃过牢狱之灾

多维训练

(1)写出下列句子中escape的汉语意思

①I’m sorry，but your name escapes me.被遗忘；被忽略

②How will we know if there’s any gas escaping？流出；泄漏

③The cinema allowed people to escape from the depressing realities of their lives.逃避(现实)

④Three people died in the fire，but John escaped through the bedroom window.逃脱

(2)同义句改写

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You are lucky to escape punishment.

You are lucky to escape being punished.

4. reward v.酬谢；奖励，奖赏；n.奖金；回报；报酬

1in reward for 为奖赏……；为报答……

as a reward for作为对……的奖赏/回报

2reward sb.for sth.因某事而奖赏/酬谢某人

reward sb.with sth.用某物回报某人

(1)As a reward for his bravery，the soldier was given a medal.

为奖励他的勇敢，这个士兵被授予一枚奖章。

(2)He rewarded us with a lot of money for helping him.

对于我们的帮助他大加酬谢。

[词义辨析] reward，award

(1)reward报酬，奖金或一些非金钱类的报酬，多指因对方的工作、服务、帮助而给予的报酬或奖赏，常用搭配：reward sb.for (doing) sth.。

(2)award奖品，奖金，与prize用法相同，意为“授予，颁发”，常用搭配：award sb.sth.＝award sth.to sb.。

多维训练

(1)用reward，award的正确形式填空

Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature.In his spare time，he has always been ready to help young writers.How can we reward his kindness?

(2)一句多译

我送给他一本书来答谢他的帮助。

①I gave him a book in reward for/as a reward for his help.(reward n．)

②I rewarded him with a book for his help.(reward v．)

5. turn to 转身；求助于；致力于；翻到；转向

[应试指导] turn短语语境词义辨析

1turn to sb.for help向某人求助

turn out结果是；证明是；为看热闹蜂拥而至

2take turns to do.../in doing...轮流做……

in turn依次；逐个；相应地

by turns 轮流地；交替地

(1)When in trouble，you should turn to your parents for help.

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